使用Nginx + FastCGI来运行WordPress
重要的事情
・操作系统为预计为CentOS 6.x
・在Nginx上运行Wordpress
・Wordpress的安装目录为/var/www/vhosts/hogehoge.com
・使用Nginx对Wordpress进行缓存以提高速度
・Nginx需要从源代码进行安装
・通过Fast-CGI方式运行PHP(WordPress)，并且Nginx与Fast-CGI之间通过UnixSocket进行通信
FastCGI能够快速配置（选择spawn-fcgi或者php-fpm）。
生成-fastcgi
安装
yum install spawn-fcgi #要remiリポジトリ
chkconfig spawn-fcgi on
设置
#UnixSocketで通信
OPTIONS="-u nginx -g nginx -S -s /tmp/php.socket -C 32 -F 1 -P /var/run/spawn-fcgi.pid -- /usr/bin/php-cgi"
#TCPで通信
OPTIONS="-u nginx -g nginx -S -p 9000 -C 32 -F 1 -P /var/run/spawn-fcgi.pid -- /usr/bin/php-cgi"
启动 spawn-fcgi
/etc/init.d/spawn-fcgi start
PHP-FPM
安装
yum install php-fpm
chkconfig php-fpm on
PHP-FPM 的配置
# UnixSocketで通信
;listen = 127.0.0.1:9000
listen = /var/run/php-fpm/www.sock
#接続許可クライアントの設定
listen.allowed_clients = 127.0.0.1
#実行ユーザの変更 (Apache⇒Nginx)
;user = apache
user = nginx
;group = apache
group = nginx
启动 PHP-FPM
/etc/init.d/php-fpm start
Nginx → Nginx 是一个开源的高性能 Web 服务器。
安装准备
需要安装必要的模块。
yum install pcre pcre-devel zlib zlib-devel openssl openssl-devel gcc
添加nginx用户
useradd -s/sbin/nologin -d/usr/local/nginx -M nginx
源代码安装
#ダウンロードディレクトリへ移動
cd /usr/local/src
#ソースファイルのダウンロード
wget http://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.2.3.tar.gz
#展開
tar zxvf nginx-1.2.3.tar.gz
#展開先ディレクトリへ移動
cd nginx-1.2.3
#コンフィグ ⇒ make ⇒ インストール
./configure --user=nginx --group=nginx --with-http_ssl_module --with-http_realip_module && make && make install
日志轮换的设置
/var/log/nginx/*log {
missingok
notifempty
sharedscripts
rotate 12
weekly
compress
postrotate
kill -USR1 `cat /var/run/nginx.pid`
endscript
}
启动脚本
#!/bin/sh
#
# nginx - this script starts and stops the nginx daemon
#
# chkconfig: - 85 15
# description: Nginx is an HTTP(S) server, HTTP(S) reverse \
# proxy and IMAP/POP3 proxy server
# processname: nginx
# config: /etc/nginx/nginx.conf
# config: /etc/sysconfig/nginx
# pidfile: /var/run/nginx.pid
# Source function library.
. /etc/rc.d/init.d/functions
# Source networking configuration.
. /etc/sysconfig/network
# Check that networking is up.
[ "$NETWORKING" = "no" ] && exit 0
nginx="/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx"
prog=$(basename $nginx)
NGINX_CONF_FILE="/usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf"
[ -f /etc/sysconfig/nginx ] && . /etc/sysconfig/nginx
lockfile=/var/lock/subsys/nginx
make_dirs() {
# make required directories
user=`$nginx -V 2>&1 | grep "configure arguments:" | sed 's/[^*]*--user=\([^ ]*\).*/\1/g' -`
if [ -z "`grep $user /etc/passwd`" ]; then
useradd -M -s /bin/nologin $user
fi
options=`$nginx -V 2>&1 | grep 'configure arguments:'`
for opt in $options; do
if [ `echo $opt | grep '.*-temp-path'` ]; then
value=`echo $opt | cut -d "=" -f 2`
if [ ! -d "$value" ]; then
# echo "creating" $value
mkdir -p $value && chown -R $user $value
fi
fi
done
}
start() {
[ -x $nginx ] || exit 5
[ -f $NGINX_CONF_FILE ] || exit 6
make_dirs
echo -n $"Starting $prog: "
daemon $nginx -c $NGINX_CONF_FILE
retval=$?
echo
[ $retval -eq 0 ] && touch $lockfile
return $retval
}
stop() {
echo -n $"Stopping $prog: "
killproc $prog -QUIT
retval=$?
echo
[ $retval -eq 0 ] && rm -f $lockfile
return $retval
}
restart() {
configtest || return $?
stop
sleep 1
start
}
reload() {
configtest || return $?
echo -n $"Reloading $prog: "
killproc $nginx -HUP
RETVAL=$?
echo
}
force_reload() {
restart
}
configtest() {
$nginx -t -c $NGINX_CONF_FILE
}
rh_status() {
status $prog
}
rh_status_q() {
rh_status >/dev/null 2>&1
}
case "$1" in
start)
rh_status_q && exit 0
$1
;;
stop)
rh_status_q || exit 0
$1
;;
restart|configtest)
$1
;;
reload)
rh_status_q || exit 7
$1
;;
force-reload)
force_reload
;;
status)
rh_status
;;
condrestart|try-restart)
rh_status_q || exit 0
;;
*)
echo $"Usage: $0 {start|stop|status|restart|condrestart|try-restart|reload|force-reload|configtest}"
exit 2
esac
权限更改
chmod 755 /etc/init.d/nginx
设置参考
user nginx;
# CPUコア数と同じ値が良いらしい。
# 容量の大きなファイルの配信や、静的ファイルの配信の場合はコア数の1.5~2倍が良いらしい。
worker_processes 8;
worker_rlimit_nofile 8192;
error_log /var/log/nginx/error.log warn;
pid /var/run/nginx.pid;
events {
worker_connections 8192;
use epoll;
multi_accept off;
}
http {
include mime.types;
default_type application/octet-stream;
server_tokens off;
log_format main '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '
'$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '
'"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"';
sendfile on;
tcp_nopush on;
tcp_nodelay on;
keepalive_timeout 0;
gzip on;
gzip_http_version 1.0;
gzip_types text/plain
text/xml
text/css
application/xml
application/xhtml+xml
application/rss+xml
application/atom_xml
application/javascript
application/x-javascript
application/x-httpd-php;
gzip_disable "MSIE [1-6]\.";
gzip_disable "Mozilla/4";
gzip_comp_level 2;
gzip_proxied any;
gzip_vary on;
gzip_buffers 4 8k;
gzip_min_length 1100;
proxy_cache_path /var/cache/nginx levels=1:2 keys_zone=czone:100m max_size=500m inactive=7d;
proxy_temp_path /var/tmp/nginx;
proxy_cache_key "$scheme://$host$request_uri";
proxy_set_header Host $host;
proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Host $host;
proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Server $host;
proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
server {
listen 80;
server_name hogehoge.com;
rewrite ^ http://www.hogehoge.com$request_uri?;
}
server {
listen 80;
server_name www.hogehoge.com;
charset utf-8;
access_log /var/log/nginx/www.hogehoge.com_access.log main;
error_log /var/log/nginx/www.hogehoge.com_error.log warn;
error_page 404 /404.html;
error_page 500 502 503 504 /50x.html;
location / {
if ($http_user_agent ~* '(DoCoMo|J-PHONE|Vodafone|MOT-|UP\.Browser|DDIPOCKET|ASTEL|PDXGW|Palmscape|Xiino|sharp pda browser|Windows CE|L-mode|WILLCOM|SoftBank|Semulator|Vemulator|J-EMULATOR|emobile|mixi-mobile-converter)') {
set $mobile 1;
}
if ($http_user_agent ~* '(iPhone|iPod|Opera Mini|Android.*Mobile|NetFront|PSP|BlackBerry)') {
set $mobile 2;
}
if ($http_cookie ~* "comment_author_[^=]*=([^%]+)%7C|wordpress_logged_in_[^=]*=([^%]+)%7C") {
set $do_not_cache 1;
}
proxy_no_cache $do_not_cache;
proxy_cache_bypass $do_not_cache;
proxy_cache czone;
proxy_cache_key "$scheme://$host$request_uri$is_args$args$mobile";
proxy_cache_valid 200 301 302 3h;
proxy_cache_valid 404 5m;
proxy_cache_use_stale error timeout invalid_header updating http_500 http_502 http_503 http_504;
proxy_pass http://127.0.0.1:8080;
proxy_redirect off;
expires 7d;
}
location ~ .*\.(jpg|JPG|gif|GIF|png|PNG|swf|SWF|css|CSS|js|JS|inc|INC|ico|ICO) {
root /var/www/vhosts/www.hogehoge.com;
index index.php index.html index.htm;
expires 7d;
}
# ログイン/管理画面はキャッシュをさせない。
location /cms/wp-admin {
proxy_pass http://127.0.0.1:8080;
}
location /cms/wp-login.php {
proxy_pass http://127.0.0.1:8080;
}
}
server {
listen 8080;
server_name hogehoge.com www.hogehoge.com;
charset utf-8;
access_log /var/log/nginx/hogehoge.com8080_access.log main;
error_log /var/log/nginx/hogehoge.com8080_error.log warn;
location / {
root /var/www/vhosts/hogehoge.com;
index index.php index.html index.htm;
# WordPressパーマリンク用の設定
### Permalink ###
if (!-e $request_filename) {
rewrite ^.+?($/wp-.*) $1 last;
rewrite ^.+?(/.*\.php)$ $1 last;
rewrite ^ /cms/index.php last;
}
##### ##### #####
}
location ~ \.php$ {
include /usr/local/nginx/conf/fastcgi_params;
fastcgi_pass unix:/tmp/php.socket;
fastcgi_index index.php;
fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME /var/www/vhosts/hogehoge.com$fastcgi_script_name;
}
error_page 404 /404.html;
error_page 500 502 503 504 /50x.html;
}
}
