Spring验证示例- Spring MVC表单验证器

当我们在任何网络应用中接受用户输入时，验证这些输入就变得必要。我们可以使用JavaScript在客户端验证用户输入，但也需要在服务器端验证，以确保在用户禁用JavaScript的情况下，我们正在处理有效的数据。

Spring 验证

Spring MVC框架默认支持JSR-303规范，我们只需在Spring MVC应用程序中添加JSR-303及其实现依赖。Spring还提供了@Validator注解和BindingResult类，通过它们我们可以在控制器请求处理方法中获取验证器实现引发的错误。我们可以以两种方式创建自定义验证器实现：第一种是创建符合JSR-303规范的注解，并实现其验证器类。第二种方法是实现org.springframework.validation.Validator接口，并使用@InitBinder注解将其设置为控制器类的验证器。让我们在Spring Tool Suite中创建一个简单的Spring MVC项目，其中我们将使用JSR-303规范及其实现工件hibernate-validator。我们将使用基于注解的表单验证，并根据JSR-303规范标准创建自己的自定义验证器。我们还将通过实现验证器接口创建自定义验证器类，并在其中一个控制器处理方法中使用它。我们最终的项目如下图所示。让我们逐一查看每个组件。

Spring MVC 表单验证器

我们最终的pom.xml文件如下所示。除了标准的Spring MVC组件外，我们在项目中还使用了validation-api和hibernate-validator依赖。

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="https://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="https://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
	xsi:schemaLocation="https://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 https://maven.apache.org/maven-v4_0_0.xsd">
	<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
	<groupId>com.Olivia</groupId>
	<artifactId>spring</artifactId>
	<name>SpringFormValidation</name>
	<packaging>war</packaging>
	<version>1.0.0-BUILD-SNAPSHOT</version>
	<properties>
		<java-version>1.7</java-version>
		<org.springframework-version>4.0.2.RELEASE</org.springframework-version>
		<org.aspectj-version>1.7.4</org.aspectj-version>
		<org.slf4j-version>1.7.5</org.slf4j-version>
	</properties>
	<dependencies>
	<!-- Form Validation using Annotations -->  
		<dependency>
			<groupId>javax.validation</groupId>
			<artifactId>validation-api</artifactId>
			<version>1.1.0.Final</version>
		</dependency>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.hibernate</groupId>
			<artifactId>hibernate-validator</artifactId>
			<version>4.1.0.Final</version>
		</dependency>
		
		<!-- Spring -->
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
			<version>${org.springframework-version}</version>
			<exclusions>
				<!-- Exclude Commons Logging in favor of SLF4j -->
				<exclusion>
					<groupId>commons-logging</groupId>
					<artifactId>commons-logging</artifactId>
				</exclusion>
			</exclusions>
		</dependency>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
			<version>${org.springframework-version}</version>
		</dependency>

		<!-- AspectJ -->
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.aspectj</groupId>
			<artifactId>aspectjrt</artifactId>
			<version>${org.aspectj-version}</version>
		</dependency>

		<!-- Logging -->
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
			<artifactId>slf4j-api</artifactId>
			<version>${org.slf4j-version}</version>
		</dependency>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
			<artifactId>jcl-over-slf4j</artifactId>
			<version>${org.slf4j-version}</version>
			<scope>runtime</scope>
		</dependency>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
			<artifactId>slf4j-log4j12</artifactId>
			<version>${org.slf4j-version}</version>
			<scope>runtime</scope>
		</dependency>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>log4j</groupId>
			<artifactId>log4j</artifactId>
			<version>1.2.15</version>
			<exclusions>
				<exclusion>
					<groupId>javax.mail</groupId>
					<artifactId>mail</artifactId>
				</exclusion>
				<exclusion>
					<groupId>javax.jms</groupId>
					<artifactId>jms</artifactId>
				</exclusion>
				<exclusion>
					<groupId>com.sun.jdmk</groupId>
					<artifactId>jmxtools</artifactId>
				</exclusion>
				<exclusion>
					<groupId>com.sun.jmx</groupId>
					<artifactId>jmxri</artifactId>
				</exclusion>
			</exclusions>
			<scope>runtime</scope>
		</dependency>

		<!-- @Inject -->
		<dependency>
			<groupId>javax.inject</groupId>
			<artifactId>javax.inject</artifactId>
			<version>1</version>
		</dependency>

		<!-- Servlet -->
		<dependency>
			<groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
			<artifactId>servlet-api</artifactId>
			<version>2.5</version>
			<scope>provided</scope>
		</dependency>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>javax.servlet.jsp</groupId>
			<artifactId>jsp-api</artifactId>
			<version>2.1</version>
			<scope>provided</scope>
		</dependency>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
			<artifactId>jstl</artifactId>
			<version>1.2</version>
		</dependency>

		<!-- Test -->
		<dependency>
			<groupId>junit</groupId>
			<artifactId>junit</artifactId>
			<version>4.7</version>
			<scope>test</scope>
		</dependency>
	</dependencies>
	<build>
		<plugins>
			<plugin>
				<artifactId>maven-eclipse-plugin</artifactId>
				<version>2.9</version>
				<configuration>
					<additionalProjectnatures>
						<projectnature>org.springframework.ide.eclipse.core.springnature</projectnature>
					</additionalProjectnatures>
					<additionalBuildcommands>
						<buildcommand>org.springframework.ide.eclipse.core.springbuilder</buildcommand>
					</additionalBuildcommands>
					<downloadSources>true</downloadSources>
					<downloadJavadocs>true</downloadJavadocs>
				</configuration>
			</plugin>
			<plugin>
				<groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
				<artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
				<version>2.5.1</version>
				<configuration>
					<source>1.6</source>
					<target>1.6</target>
					<compilerArgument>-Xlint:all</compilerArgument>
					<showWarnings>true</showWarnings>
					<showDeprecation>true</showDeprecation>
				</configuration>
			</plugin>
			<plugin>
				<groupId>org.codehaus.mojo</groupId>
				<artifactId>exec-maven-plugin</artifactId>
				<version>1.2.1</version>
				<configuration>
					<mainClass>org.test.int1.Main</mainClass>
				</configuration>
			</plugin>
		</plugins>
	</build>
</project>

部署描述符

当您从STS创建一个Spring MVC项目时，它会创建两个上下文配置文件。我对其进行了一些整理，现在只有一个Spring bean配置文件。我的最终web.xml文件如下所示。

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app version="2.5" xmlns="https://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee"
	xmlns:xsi="https://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
	xsi:schemaLocation="https://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee https://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd">
	
	<!-- Processes application requests -->
	<servlet>
		<servlet-name>appServlet</servlet-name>
		<servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
		<init-param>
			<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
			<param-value>/WEB-INF/spring/spring.xml</param-value>
		</init-param>
		<load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
	</servlet>
		
	<servlet-mapping>
		<servlet-name>appServlet</servlet-name>
		<url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
	</servlet-mapping>

</web-app>

SpringBean配置文件

通常我们最后才检查Spring连线，但这次在Spring豆配置文件中没有太多配置。我们的最终 spring.xml 文件如下所示。

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans:beans xmlns="https://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
	xmlns:xsi="https://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
	xmlns:beans="https://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
	xmlns:context="https://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
	xsi:schemaLocation="https://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc https://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd
		https://www.springframework.org/schema/beans https://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
		https://www.springframework.org/schema/context https://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">

	<!-- DispatcherServlet Context: defines this servlet's request-processing infrastructure -->
	
	<!-- Enables the Spring MVC @Controller programming model -->
	<annotation-driven />

	<!-- Handles HTTP GET requests for /resources/** by efficiently serving up static resources in the ${webappRoot}/resources directory -->
	<resources mapping="/resources/**" location="/resources/" />

	<!-- Resolves views selected for rendering by @Controllers to .jsp resources in the /WEB-INF/views directory -->
	<beans:bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
		<beans:property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/views/" />
		<beans:property name="suffix" value=".jsp" />
	</beans:bean>
	
	<beans:bean id="employeeValidator" class="com.Olivia.spring.form.validator.EmployeeFormValidator" />
	
	<beans:bean id="messageSource"
		class="org.springframework.context.support.ReloadableResourceBundleMessageSource">
		<beans:property name="basename" value="classpath:message" />
		<beans:property name="defaultEncoding" value="UTF-8" />
	</beans:bean>
	
	<context:component-scan base-package="com.Olivia.spring" />
	
</beans:beans>

唯一需要注意的重点是我们将注入到一个控制器中的employeeValidator bean和用于从资源包中读取本地化数据的messageSource bean。其他部分是支持注解、视图解析器以及提供要扫描的控制器类和其他组件的包。

模型类

在这个项目中，我们有两个模型类 – 第一个类将使用JSR-303注解和我们自定义的基于注解的验证器，第二个类将只使用我们的验证器实现。Customer.java代码：

package com.Olivia.spring.form.model;

import java.util.Date;

import javax.validation.constraints.Max;
import javax.validation.constraints.Min;
import javax.validation.constraints.NotNull;
import javax.validation.constraints.Past;
import javax.validation.constraints.Size;

import org.hibernate.validator.constraints.Email;
import org.hibernate.validator.constraints.NotEmpty;
import org.springframework.format.annotation.DateTimeFormat;

import com.Olivia.spring.form.validator.Phone;

public class Customer {

	@Size(min=2, max=30) 
    private String name;
     
    @NotEmpty @Email
    private String email;
     
    @NotNull @Min(18) @Max(100)
    private Integer age;
     
    @NotNull
    private Gender gender;
     
    @DateTimeFormat(pattern="MM/dd/yyyy")
    @NotNull @Past
    private Date birthday;
    
    @Phone
    private String phone;
    
    public enum Gender {
		MALE, FEMALE
	}

	public String getName() {
		return name;
	}

	public void setName(String name) {
		this.name = name;
	}

	public String getEmail() {
		return email;
	}

	public void setEmail(String email) {
		this.email = email;
	}

	public Integer getAge() {
		return age;
	}

	public void setAge(Integer age) {
		this.age = age;
	}

	public Gender getGender() {
		return gender;
	}

	public void setGender(Gender gender) {
		this.gender = gender;
	}

	public Date getBirthday() {
		return birthday;
	}

	public void setBirthday(Date birthday) {
		this.birthday = birthday;
	}

	public String getPhone() {
		return phone;
	}

	public void setPhone(String phone) {
		this.phone = phone;
	}
	
}

请注意我们正在使用的注解是@Email、@NotEmpty和@DateTimeFormat，这些注解是JSR-303之外的，由Hibernate验证器实现提供的。我们正在使用的一些JSR-303注解包括@Size、@NotNull等。@Phone注解是我们基于JSR-303规范自定义的实现，我们将在下一部分中看到。Employee.java代码：

package com.Olivia.spring.form.model;

public class Employee {

	private int id;
	private String name;
	private String role;
	
	public int getId() {
		return id;
	}
	public void setId(int id) {
		this.id = id;
	}
	public String getName() {
		return name;
	}
	public void setName(String name) {
		this.name = name;
	}
	public String getRole() {
		return role;
	}
	public void setRole(String role) {
		this.role = role;
	}
	
}

员工是一个标准的Java Bean，我们将使用自定义的验证器实现来验证带有员工Bean的表单。

自定义验证器实现

Phone.java代码:

package com.Olivia.spring.form.validator;

import java.lang.annotation.Documented;
import java.lang.annotation.Retention;
import java.lang.annotation.Target;
import java.lang.annotation.ElementType;
import java.lang.annotation.RetentionPolicy;

import javax.validation.Constraint;
import javax.validation.Payload;

@Documented
@Constraint(validatedBy = PhoneValidator.class)
@Target( { ElementType.METHOD, ElementType.FIELD })
@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
public @interface Phone {
 
     
    String message() default "{Phone}";
     
    Class<?>[] groups() default {};
     
    Class<? extends Payload>[] payload() default {};
      
}

大部分代码都是模板代码，以符合JSR-303规范。最重要的部分是@Constraint注解，其中我们提供了用于验证的类，即PhoneValidator。PhoneValidator.java的代码是：

package com.Olivia.spring.form.validator;

import javax.validation.ConstraintValidator;
import javax.validation.ConstraintValidatorContext;

public class PhoneValidator implements ConstraintValidator<Phone, String> {

	@Override
	public void initialize(Phone paramA) {
	}

	@Override
	public boolean isValid(String phoneNo, ConstraintValidatorContext ctx) {
		if(phoneNo == null){
			return false;
		}
		//validate phone numbers of format "1234567890"
        if (phoneNo.matches("\\d{10}")) return true;
        //validating phone number with -, . or spaces
        else if(phoneNo.matches("\\d{3}[-\\.\\s]\\d{3}[-\\.\\s]\\d{4}")) return true;
        //validating phone number with extension length from 3 to 5
        else if(phoneNo.matches("\\d{3}-\\d{3}-\\d{4}\\s(x|(ext))\\d{3,5}")) return true;
        //validating phone number where area code is in braces ()
        else if(phoneNo.matches("\\(\\d{3}\\)-\\d{3}-\\d{4}")) return true;
        //return false if nothing matches the input
        else return false;
	}

}

我们的JSR-303规范验证器实现应该实现javax.validation.ConstraintValidator接口。如果我们在使用一些资源，诸如DataSource，我们可以在initialize（）方法中进行初始化。验证方法是isValid，如果数据有效则返回true，否则应返回false。如果你对正则表达式不熟悉，可以在Java正则表达式教程中了解更多。EmployeeFormValidator.java类的代码如下：

package com.Olivia.spring.form.validator;

import org.springframework.validation.Errors;
import org.springframework.validation.ValidationUtils;
import org.springframework.validation.Validator;

import com.Olivia.spring.form.model.Employee;

public class EmployeeFormValidator implements Validator {

	//which objects can be validated by this validator
	@Override
	public boolean supports(Class<?> paramClass) {
		return Employee.class.equals(paramClass);
	}

	@Override
	public void validate(Object obj, Errors errors) {
		ValidationUtils.rejectIfEmptyOrWhitespace(errors, "id", "id.required");
		
		Employee emp = (Employee) obj;
		if(emp.getId() <=0){
			errors.rejectValue("id", "negativeValue", new Object[]{"'id'"}, "id can't be negative");
		}
		
		ValidationUtils.rejectIfEmptyOrWhitespace(errors, "name", "name.required");
		ValidationUtils.rejectIfEmptyOrWhitespace(errors, "role", "role.required");
	}
}

EmployeeFormValidator 是特定于Spring Framework的验证器实现。Spring Framework通过supports()方法的实现来了解可以使用该验证器的对象。我们实现validate()方法，并在任何字段验证失败时添加错误信息。Spring提供了org.springframework.validation.ValidationUtils实用类，用于基本验证，如空或为空白。一旦该方法返回，Spring Framework将将Errors对象绑定到我们在控制器处理程序方法中使用的BindingResult对象上。请注意，ValidationUtils.rejectIfEmptyOrWhitespace()的最后一个参数接受消息资源的键名。这样我们就可以向用户提供本地化的错误消息。有关Spring中i18n的更多信息，请阅读Spring i18n Example。

控制器类

我们有两个控制器类，一个用于基于注解的表单验证，另一个用于我们自定义的验证器。CustomerController.java类的代码：

package com.Olivia.spring.form.controllers;

import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;

import javax.validation.Valid;

import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.ui.Model;
import org.springframework.validation.BindingResult;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod;

import com.Olivia.spring.form.model.Customer;

@Controller
public class CustomerController {

	private static final Logger logger = LoggerFactory
			.getLogger(CustomerController.class);
	
	private Map<String, Customer> customers = null;
	
	public CustomerController(){
		customers = new HashMap<String, Customer>();
	}

	@RequestMapping(value = "/cust/save", method = RequestMethod.GET)
	public String saveCustomerPage(Model model) {
		logger.info("Returning custSave.jsp page");
		model.addAttribute("customer", new Customer());
		return "custSave";
	}

	@RequestMapping(value = "/cust/save.do", method = RequestMethod.POST)
	public String saveCustomerAction(
			@Valid Customer customer,
			BindingResult bindingResult, Model model) {
		if (bindingResult.hasErrors()) {
			logger.info("Returning custSave.jsp page");
			return "custSave";
		}
		logger.info("Returning custSaveSuccess.jsp page");
		model.addAttribute("customer", customer);
		customers.put(customer.getEmail(), customer);
		return "custSaveSuccess";
	}

}

当我们使用基于注解的表单验证时，只需要在控制器处理方法的实现中进行一些小的更改即可使其工作。首先，我们需要使用@Valid注解对要验证的模型对象进行标注。然后，我们需要在方法中有一个BindingResult参数，Spring会自动为其填充错误消息。处理方法的逻辑非常简单，如果有任何错误，我们将用相同的页面进行响应，否则我们将重定向用户到成功页面。另一个重要的注意点是，我们在模型中添加了”customer”属性，这是必要的，以便让Spring框架知道在表单页面中使用哪个模型对象。如果不这样做，对象绑定到表单数据将不会发生，我们的表单验证将无法工作。EmployeeController.java类代码：

package com.Olivia.spring.form.controllers;

import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;

import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Qualifier;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.ui.Model;
import org.springframework.validation.BindingResult;
import org.springframework.validation.Validator;
import org.springframework.validation.annotation.Validated;
import org.springframework.web.bind.WebDataBinder;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.InitBinder;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ModelAttribute;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod;

import com.Olivia.spring.form.model.Employee;

@Controller
public class EmployeeController {

	private static final Logger logger = LoggerFactory
			.getLogger(EmployeeController.class);

	private Map<Integer, Employee> emps = null;

	@Autowired
	@Qualifier("employeeValidator")
	private Validator validator;

	@InitBinder
	private void initBinder(WebDataBinder binder) {
		binder.setValidator(validator);
	}

	public EmployeeController() {
		emps = new HashMap<Integer, Employee>();
	}

	@ModelAttribute("employee")
	public Employee createEmployeeModel() {
		// ModelAttribute value should be same as used in the empSave.jsp
		return new Employee();
	}

	@RequestMapping(value = "/emp/save", method = RequestMethod.GET)
	public String saveEmployeePage(Model model) {
		logger.info("Returning empSave.jsp page");
		return "empSave";
	}

	@RequestMapping(value = "/emp/save.do", method = RequestMethod.POST)
	public String saveEmployeeAction(
			@ModelAttribute("employee") @Validated Employee employee,
			BindingResult bindingResult, Model model) {
		if (bindingResult.hasErrors()) {
			logger.info("Returning empSave.jsp page");
			return "empSave";
		}
		logger.info("Returning empSaveSuccess.jsp page");
		model.addAttribute("emp", employee);
		emps.put(employee.getId(), employee);
		return "empSaveSuccess";
	}
}

在使用自定义验证器之前，首先我们需要将其注入到控制器类中。我们使用Spring Bean自动装配来实现此功能，使用@Autowired和@Qualifier注解。接下来，我们需要一个方法，该方法将接受WebDataBinder作为参数，并将我们的自定义验证器设置为使用。该方法应该使用@InitBinder注解进行注解。使用@ModelAttribute是将我们的bean对象添加到模型中的另一种方法。代码的其余部分与客户控制器实现类似。

表单验证错误消息资源包

是时候查看我们的资源包了，其中包含了用于验证错误的不同类型的消息。message_en.properties文件：

#application defined error messsages
id.required=Employee ID is required
name.required=Employee Name is required
role.required=Employee Role is required
negativeValue={0} can't be negative or zero

#Spring framework error messages to be used when conversion from form data to bean fails
typeMismatch.int={0} Value must be an integer
typeMismatch.java.lang.Integer={0} must be an integer
typeMismatch={0} is of invalid format

#application messages for annotations, {ValidationClass}.{modelObjectName}.{field}
#the {0} is field name, other fields are in alphabatical order, max and then min  
Size.customer.name=Customer {0} should be between {2} and {1} characters long
NotEmpty.customer.email=Email is a required field
NotNull.customer.age=Customer {0} should be in years

#Generic annotation class messages
Email=Email address is not valid
NotNull=This is a required field
NotEmpty=This is a required field
Past=Date should be Past

#Custom validation annotation
Phone=Invalid format, valid formats are 1234567890, 123-456-7890 x1234

我已在评论本身中提供了消息键的重要细节，所以我在这里将跳过它们。唯一需要注意的重要点是查找消息的方式，首先查找键名称为{ValidationClass}.{modelObjectName}.{field}，如果找不到，则查找{ValidationClass}.{modelObjectName}。如果找不到，则最后查找{ValidationClass}键。如果什么都找不到，则返回默认提供的消息。请在Spring本地化示例中了解更多有关资源消息的信息。

浏览包含表单和错误信息的页面

由于我们正在使用Spring框架的验证实现，我们将不得不使用Spring Form标签来获取错误并设置表单bean和变量名称。我们的custSave.jsp文件代码如下所示。

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
	pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "https://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<%@ taglib uri="https://www.springframework.org/tags/form"
	prefix="springForm"%>
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<title>Customer Save Page</title>
<style>
.error {
	color: #ff0000;
	font-style: italic;
	font-weight: bold;
}
</style>
</head>
<body>

	<springForm:form method="POST" commandName="customer"
		action="save.do">
		<table>
			<tr>
				<td>Name:</td>
				<td><springForm:input path="name" /></td>
				<td><springForm:errors path="name" cssClass="error" /></td>
			</tr>
			<tr>
				<td>Email:</td>
				<td><springForm:input path="email" /></td>
				<td><springForm:errors path="email" cssClass="error" /></td>
			</tr>
			<tr>
				<td>Age:</td>
				<td><springForm:input path="age" /></td>
				<td><springForm:errors path="age" cssClass="error" /></td>
			</tr>
			<tr>
				<td>Gender:</td>
				<td><springForm:select path="gender">
						<springForm:option value="" label="Select Gender" />
						<springForm:option value="MALE" label="Male" />
						<springForm:option value="FEMALE" label="Female" />
					</springForm:select></td>
				<td><springForm:errors path="gender" cssClass="error" /></td>
			</tr>
			<tr>
				<td>Birthday:</td>
				<td><springForm:input path="birthday" placeholder="MM/dd/yyyy"/></td>
				<td><springForm:errors path="birthday" cssClass="error" /></td>
			</tr>
			<tr>
				<td>Phone:</td>
				<td><springForm:input path="phone" /></td>
				<td><springForm:errors path="phone" cssClass="error" /></td>
			</tr>
			<tr>
				<td colspan="3"><input type="submit" value="Save Customer"></td>
			</tr>
		</table>

	</springForm:form>

</body>
</html>

commandName=”customer” 用于设置表单对象在模型属性下的名称。其默认值为“command”，因此我们应该将其设置为我们在控制器类中使用的模型属性名称。springForm:errors 用于在页面渲染时呈现错误（如果有错误）。路径属性用于定义要用于数据绑定的对象属性。其余的代码是标准的HTML，并使用一些CSS来样式化错误信息。我们的 custSaveSuccess.jsp 文件如下所示。

commandName=”customer” 用于设置模型属性下表单对象的名称。默认情况下，其值为“command”，因此我们应该将其设置为我们在控制器类中使用的模型属性名称。当页面渲染时，springForm:errors 用于显示任何错误。path 属性用于定义用于数据绑定的对象属性。其余代码是带有一些用于错误消息样式的 CSS 的标准 HTML。下面是我们的 custSaveSuccess.jsp 文件。

<%@ taglib uri="https://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core" prefix="c" %>
<%@ taglib prefix="fmt" uri="https://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/fmt" %>

<%@ page session="false" %>
<html>
<head>
	<title>Customer Saved Successfully</title>
</head>
<body>
<h3>
	Customer Saved Successfully.
</h3>

<strong>Customer Name:${customer.name}</strong><br>
<strong>Customer Email:${customer.email}</strong><br>
<strong>Customer Age:${customer.age}</strong><br>
<strong>Customer Gender:${customer.gender}</strong><br>
<strong>Customer Birthday:<fmt:formatDate value="${customer.birthday}" type="date" /></strong><br>

</body>
</html>

如果没有验证错误，并且此页面作为响应返回，则显示客户值的简单JSP页面。它的名字是empSave.jsp。

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
	pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "https://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<%@ taglib uri="https://www.springframework.org/tags/form"
	prefix="springForm"%>
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<title>Employee Save Page</title>
<style>
.error {
	color: #ff0000;
	font-style: italic;
	font-weight: bold;
}
</style>
</head>
<body>

	<springForm:form method="POST" commandName="employee"
		action="save.do">
		<table>
			<tr>
				<td>Employee ID:</td>
				<td><springForm:input path="id" /></td>
				<td><springForm:errors path="id" cssClass="error" /></td>
			</tr>
			<tr>
				<td>Employee Name:</td>
				<td><springForm:input path="name" /></td>
				<td><springForm:errors path="name" cssClass="error" /></td>
			</tr>
			<tr>
				<td>Employee Role:</td>
				<td><springForm:select path="role">
						<springForm:option value="" label="Select Role" />
						<springForm:option value="ceo" label="CEO" />
						<springForm:option value="developer" label="Developer" />
						<springForm:option value="manager" label="Manager" />
					</springForm:select></td>
				<td><springForm:errors path="role" cssClass="error" /></td>
			</tr>
			<tr>
				<td colspan="3"><input type="submit" value="Save"></td>
			</tr>
		</table>

	</springForm:form>

</body>
</html>

empSaveSuccess.jsp文件:

<%@ taglib uri="https://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core" prefix="c" %>
<%@ page session="false" %>
<html>
<head>
	<title>Employee Saved Successfully</title>
</head>
<body>
<h3>
	Employee Saved Successfully.
</h3>

<strong>Employee ID:${emp.id}</strong><br>
<strong>Employee Name:${emp.name}</strong><br>
<strong>Employee Role:${emp.role}</strong><br>

</body>
</html>

测试Spring MVC表单验证应用程序

我们的应用程序已准备好进行部署并运行一些测试，请在您喜欢的Servlet容器中部署它。我正在使用Apache Tomcat 7，并且下面的图像显示了一些带有验证错误消息的页面。根据您的输入数据，您可能也会收到不同的错误消息。这就是关于使用不同方法进行Spring MVC表单验证，并使用资源包来本地化错误消息的全部内容。您可以从以下链接下载示例项目并进行更多的实验。

下载Spring表单验证项目