以下是Django开发的简要步骤概述

2 年 ago
韵, 科
3 minutes

我简明地总结了Django的开发起始步骤。

我以前在Django上开发了数十个产品，但是实际上开发的步骤大致相同，所以我将在这次总结中简洁地列出。

开始开发流程

    1. 创建文件夹

 

    1. 创建虚拟环境

 

    1. 安装Django

 

    1. 创建项目

 

    1. 注册应用程序

 

    1. 在settings.py中进行基本配置

 

    进行基本实现。

就是这样的情况。

创建文件夹

首先，我们需要通过终端创建项目目录。


mkdir sample_project
cd sample_project

建立虚拟环境

接下来，我们会创建一个虚拟环境。


virtualenv myvenv
source myvenv/bin/activate

安装Django

我要安装Django。
由于要使用postgreSQL，我还要安装psycopg2-binary。
此外，我还要安装pillow、widget_tweaks和environ这些包。


pip install django pillow psycopg2-binary django-widget-tweaks, django-environ

创建项目

创建项目。


django-admin startproject sample_project
cd sample_project

注册应用程序

接下来，我们将创建数据库并注册应用程序（app）。


python manage.py migrate
python manage.py startapp sample_app

在settings.py文件中进行基本设置。


"""
Django settings for app project.

Generated by 'django-admin startproject' using Django 3.1.1.

For more information on this file, see
https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/3.1/topics/settings/

For the full list of settings and their values, see
https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/3.1/ref/settings/
"""

from pathlib import Path
import os
import environ

env = environ.Env(DEBUG=(bool, False),)
environ.Env.read_env('.env')

# Build paths inside the project like this: BASE_DIR / 'subdir'.
BASE_DIR = Path(__file__).resolve().parent.parent
PROJECT_NAME = os.path.basename(BASE_DIR)


# Quick-start development settings - unsuitable for production
# See https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/3.1/howto/deployment/checklist/

# SECURITY WARNING: keep the secret key used in production secret!
SECRET_KEY = env('SECRET_KEY')

# SECURITY WARNING: don't run with debug turned on in production!
DEBUG = True


ALLOWED_HOSTS = ['*']

# Application definition

INSTALLED_APPS = [
    'django.contrib.admin',
    'django.contrib.auth',
    'django.contrib.contenttypes',
    'django.contrib.sessions',
    'django.contrib.messages',
    'django.contrib.staticfiles',
    'sample_app',
]

MIDDLEWARE = [
    'django.middleware.security.SecurityMiddleware',
    'django.contrib.sessions.middleware.SessionMiddleware',
    'django.middleware.common.CommonMiddleware',
    'django.middleware.csrf.CsrfViewMiddleware',
    'django.contrib.auth.middleware.AuthenticationMiddleware',
    'django.contrib.messages.middleware.MessageMiddleware',
    'django.middleware.clickjacking.XFrameOptionsMiddleware',
]

ROOT_URLCONF = 'sample_project.urls'

TEMPLATES = [
    {
        'BACKEND': 'django.template.backends.django.DjangoTemplates',
        'DIRS': ['templates'],
        'APP_DIRS': True,
        'OPTIONS': {
            'context_processors': [
                'django.template.context_processors.debug',
                'django.template.context_processors.request',
                'django.contrib.auth.context_processors.auth',
                'django.contrib.messages.context_processors.messages',
            ],
        },
    },
]

WSGI_APPLICATION = 'sample_project.wsgi.application'

# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/3.1/ref/settings/#databases



DATABASES = {
    'default': {
        'ENGINE': 'django.db.backends.sqlite3',
        'NAME': BASE_DIR / 'db.sqlite3',
    }
}

# Password validation
# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/3.1/ref/settings/#auth-password-validators

AUTH_PASSWORD_VALIDATORS = [
    {
        'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.UserAttributeSimilarityValidator',
    },
    {
        'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.MinimumLengthValidator',
    },
    {
        'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.CommonPasswordValidator',
    },
    {
        'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.NumericPasswordValidator',
    },
]

# Internationalization
# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/3.1/topics/i18n/

LANGUAGE_CODE = 'ja'

TIME_ZONE = 'Asia/Tokyo'

USE_I18N = True

USE_L10N = True

USE_TZ = True


# Static files (CSS, JavaScript, Images) and Media files
# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/3.1/howto/static-files/

STATIC_URL = '/static/'
# STATIC_ROOT = os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'static/')
STATICFILES_DIRS = [
    os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'static/')
]

MEDIA_URL = '/media/'
MEDIA_ROOT = 'media/'

只需在项目的根目录下创建static和templates文件夹即可。


mkdir templates
mkdir static

关于项目创建周围的内容，我已经将其整理在Just Python的文档中。

以下是以上的内容

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