在WSL中使用Ubuntu
简要描述
我尝试在WSL中安装了Ubuntu 18.04 LTS。
dpkg 的状态列表查询命令 -l
Desired=Unknown/Install/Remove/Purge/Hold
| Status=Not/Inst/Conf-files/Unpacked/halF-conf/Half-inst/trig-aWait/Trig-pend
|/ Err?=(none)/Reinst-required (Status,Err: uppercase=bad)
||/ Name Version Architecture Description
+++-==============================-==================================-============-===============================================================================
ii accountsservice 0.6.45-1ubuntu1 amd64 query and manipulate user account information
ii acl 2.2.52-3build1 amd64 Access control list utilities
ii acpid 1:2.0.28-1ubuntu1 amd64 Advanced Configuration and Power Interface event daemon
ii adduser 3.116ubuntu1 all add and remove users and groups
ii apparmor 2.12-4ubuntu5.1 amd64 user-space parser utility for AppArmor
ii apport 2.20.9-0ubuntu7.6 all automatically generate crash reports for debugging
ii apport-symptoms 0.20 all symptom scripts for apport
ii apt 1.6.10 amd64 commandline package manager
ii apt-utils 1.6.10 amd64 package management related utility programs
ii at 3.1.20-3.1ubuntu2 amd64 Delayed job execution and batch processing
ii base-files 10.1ubuntu2.4 amd64 Debian base system miscellaneous files
ii base-passwd 3.5.44 amd64 Debian base system master password and group files
ii bash 4.4.18-2ubuntu1.1 amd64 GNU Bourne Again SHell
ii bash-completion 1:2.8-1ubuntu1 all programmable completion for the bash shell
ii bc 1.07.1-2 amd64 GNU bc arbitrary precision calculator language
ii bcache-tools 1.0.8-2build1 amd64 bcache userspace tools
ii bind9-host 1:9.11.3+dfsg-1ubuntu1.7 amd64 DNS lookup utility (deprecated)
ii bsdmainutils 11.1.2ubuntu1 amd64 collection of more utilities from FreeBSD
ii bsdutils 1:2.31.1-0.4ubuntu3.3 amd64 basic utilities from 4.4BSD-Lite
ii btrfs-progs 4.15.1-1build1 amd64 Checksumming Copy on Write Filesystem utilities
ii btrfs-tools 4.15.1-1build1 amd64 transitional dummy package
ii busybox-initramfs 1:1.27.2-2ubuntu3.2 amd64 Standalone shell setup for initramfs
ii busybox-static 1:1.27.2-2ubuntu3.2 amd64 Standalone rescue shell with tons of builtin utilities
ii byobu 5.125-0ubuntu1 all text window manager, shell multiplexer, integrated DevOps environment
ii bzip2 1.0.6-8.1 amd64 high-quality block-sorting file compressor - utilities
ii ca-certificates 20180409 all Common CA certificates
ii cloud-guest-utils 0.30-0ubuntu5 all cloud guest utilities
ii cloud-init 18.5-45-g3554ffe8-0ubuntu1~18.04.1 all Init scripts for cloud instances
ii cloud-initramfs-copymods 0.40ubuntu1.1 all copy initramfs modules into root filesystem for later use
ii cloud-initramfs-dyn-netconf 0.40ubuntu1.1 all write a network interface file in /run for BOOTIF
ii command-not-found 18.04.5 all Suggest installation of packages in interactive bash sessions
ii command-not-found-data 18.04.5 amd64 Set of data files for command-not-found.
ii console-setup 1.178ubuntu2.9 all console font and keymap setup program
ii console-setup-linux 1.178ubuntu2.9 all Linux specific part of console-setup
ii coreutils 8.28-1ubuntu1 amd64 GNU core utilities
ii cpio 2.12+dfsg-6 amd64 GNU cpio -- a program to manage archives of files
ii cron 3.0pl1-128.1ubuntu1 amd64 process scheduling daemon
ii cryptsetup 2:2.0.2-1ubuntu1.1 amd64 disk encryption support - startup scripts
ii cryptsetup-bin 2:2.0.2-1ubuntu1.1 amd64 disk encryption support - command line tools
ii curl 7.58.0-2ubuntu3.6 amd64 command line tool for transferring data with URL syntax
ii dash 0.5.8-2.10 amd64 POSIX-compliant shell
ii dbus 1.12.2-1ubuntu1 amd64 simple interprocess messaging system (daemon and utilities)
ii debconf 1.5.66ubuntu1 all Debian configuration management system
ii debconf-i18n 1.5.66ubuntu1 all full internationalization support for debconf
ii debianutils 4.8.4 amd64 Miscellaneous utilities specific to Debian
ii diffutils 1:3.6-1 amd64 File comparison utilities
ii dirmngr 2.2.4-1ubuntu1.2 amd64 GNU privacy guard - network certificate management service
ii distro-info-data 0.37ubuntu0.5 all information about the distributions' releases (data files)
ii dmeventd 2:1.02.145-4.1ubuntu3 amd64 Linux Kernel Device Mapper event daemon
ii dmidecode 3.1-1 amd64 SMBIOS/DMI table decoder
ii dmsetup 2:1.02.145-4.1ubuntu3 amd64 Linux Kernel Device Mapper userspace library
ii dns-root-data 2018013001 all DNS root data including root zone and DNSSEC key
ii dnsmasq-base 2.79-1 amd64 Small caching DNS proxy and DHCP/TFTP server
ii dnsutils 1:9.11.3+dfsg-1ubuntu1.7 amd64 Clients provided with BIND
ii dosfstools 4.1-1 amd64 utilities for making and checking MS-DOS FAT filesystems
ii dpkg 1.19.0.5ubuntu2.1 amd64 Debian package management system
ii e2fsprogs 1.44.1-1ubuntu1.1 amd64 ext2/ext3/ext4 file system utilities
ii eatmydata 105-6 all Library and utilities designed to disable fsync and friends
ii ebtables 2.0.10.4-3.5ubuntu2.18.04.3 amd64 Ethernet bridge frame table administration
ii ed 1.10-2.1 amd64 classic UNIX line editor
ii eject 2.1.5+deb1+cvs20081104-13.2 amd64 ejects CDs and operates CD-Changers under Linux
ii ethtool 1:4.15-0ubuntu1 amd64 display or change Ethernet device settings
ii fdisk 2.31.1-0.4ubuntu3.3 amd64 collection of partitioning utilities
ii file 1:5.32-2ubuntu0.2 amd64 Recognize the type of data in a file using "magic" numbers
ii findutils 4.6.0+git+20170828-2 amd64 utilities for finding files--find, xargs
ii fonts-ubuntu-console 0.83-2 all console version of the Ubuntu Mono font
ii friendly-recovery 0.2.38ubuntu1 all Make recovery boot mode more user-friendly
ii ftp 0.17-34 amd64 classical file transfer client
ii fuse 2.9.7-1ubuntu1 amd64 Filesystem in Userspace
ii gawk 1:4.1.4+dfsg-1build1 amd64 GNU awk, a pattern scanning and processing language
ii gcc-8-base:amd64 8.3.0-6ubuntu1~18.04 amd64 GCC, the GNU Compiler Collection (base package)
ii gdisk 1.0.3-1 amd64 GPT fdisk text-mode partitioning tool
ii geoip-database 20180315-1 all IP lookup command line tools that use the GeoIP library (country database)
ii gettext-base 0.19.8.1-6ubuntu0.3 amd64 GNU Internationalization utilities for the base system
ii gir1.2-glib-2.0:amd64 1.56.1-1 amd64 Introspection data for GLib, GObject, Gio and GModule
ii git 1:2.17.1-1ubuntu0.4 amd64 fast, scalable, distributed revision control system
ii git-man 1:2.17.1-1ubuntu0.4 all fast, scalable, distributed revision control system (manual pages)
ii gnupg 2.2.4-1ubuntu1.2 amd64 GNU privacy guard - a free PGP replacement
ii gnupg-l10n 2.2.4-1ubuntu1.2 all GNU privacy guard - localization files
ii gnupg-utils 2.2.4-1ubuntu1.2 amd64 GNU privacy guard - utility programs
ii gpg 2.2.4-1ubuntu1.2 amd64 GNU Privacy Guard -- minimalist public key operations
ii gpg-agent 2.2.4-1ubuntu1.2 amd64 GNU privacy guard - cryptographic agent
ii gpg-wks-client 2.2.4-1ubuntu1.2 amd64 GNU privacy guard - Web Key Service client
ii gpg-wks-server 2.2.4-1ubuntu1.2 amd64 GNU privacy guard - Web Key Service server
ii gpgconf 2.2.4-1ubuntu1.2 amd64 GNU privacy guard - core configuration utilities
ii gpgsm 2.2.4-1ubuntu1.2 amd64 GNU privacy guard - S/MIME version
ii gpgv 2.2.4-1ubuntu1.2 amd64 GNU privacy guard - signature verification tool
ii grep 3.1-2 amd64 GNU grep, egrep and fgrep
ii groff-base 1.22.3-10 amd64 GNU troff text-formatting system (base system components)
ii gzip 1.6-5ubuntu1 amd64 GNU compression utilities
ii hdparm 9.54+ds-1 amd64 tune hard disk parameters for high performance
ii hostname 3.20 amd64 utility to set/show the host name or domain name
ii htop 2.1.0-3 amd64 interactive processes viewer
ii info 6.5.0.dfsg.1-2 amd64 Standalone GNU Info documentation browser
ii init 1.51 amd64 metapackage ensuring an init system is installed
ii init-system-helpers 1.51 all helper tools for all init systems
ii initramfs-tools 0.130ubuntu3.7 all generic modular initramfs generator (automation)
ii initramfs-tools-bin 0.130ubuntu3.7 amd64 binaries used by initramfs-tools
ii initramfs-tools-core 0.130ubuntu3.7 all generic modular initramfs generator (core tools)
ii install-info 6.5.0.dfsg.1-2 amd64 Manage installed documentation in info format
ii iproute2 4.15.0-2ubuntu1 amd64 networking and traffic control tools
ii iptables 1.6.1-2ubuntu2 amd64 administration tools for packet filtering and NAT
ii iputils-ping 3:20161105-1ubuntu2 amd64 Tools to test the reachability of network hosts
ii iputils-tracepath 3:20161105-1ubuntu2 amd64 Tools to trace the network path to a remote host
ii irqbalance 1.3.0-0.1ubuntu0.18.04.1 amd64 Daemon to balance interrupts for SMP systems
ii isc-dhcp-client 4.3.5-3ubuntu7.1 amd64 DHCP client for automatically obtaining an IP address
ii isc-dhcp-common 4.3.5-3ubuntu7.1 amd64 common manpages relevant to all of the isc-dhcp packages
ii iso-codes 3.79-1 all ISO language, territory, currency, script codes and their translations
ii kbd 2.0.4-2ubuntu1 amd64 Linux console font and keytable utilities
ii keyboard-configuration 1.178ubuntu2.9 all system-wide keyboard preferences
ii klibc-utils 2.0.4-9ubuntu2 amd64 small utilities built with klibc for early boot
ii kmod 24-1ubuntu3.2 amd64 tools for managing Linux kernel modules
ii krb5-locales 1.16-2ubuntu0.1 all internationalization support for MIT Kerberos
ii landscape-common 18.01-0ubuntu3.3 amd64 Landscape administration system client - Common files
ii language-selector-common 0.188.2 all Language selector for Ubuntu
ii less 487-0.1 amd64 pager program similar to more
ii libaccountsservice0:amd64 0.6.45-1ubuntu1 amd64 query and manipulate user account information - shared libraries
ii libacl1:amd64 2.2.52-3build1 amd64 Access control list shared library
ii libapparmor1:amd64 2.12-4ubuntu5.1 amd64 changehat AppArmor library
ii libapt-inst2.0:amd64 1.6.10 amd64 deb package format runtime library
ii libapt-pkg5.0:amd64 1.6.10 amd64 package management runtime library
ii libargon2-0:amd64 0~20161029-1.1 amd64 memory-hard hashing function - runtime library
ii libasn1-8-heimdal:amd64 7.5.0+dfsg-1 amd64 Heimdal Kerberos - ASN.1 library
ii libassuan0:amd64 2.5.1-2 amd64 IPC library for the GnuPG components
ii libatm1:amd64 1:2.5.1-2build1 amd64 shared library for ATM (Asynchronous Transfer Mode)
ii libattr1:amd64 1:2.4.47-2build1 amd64 Extended attribute shared library
ii libaudit-common 1:2.8.2-1ubuntu1 all Dynamic library for security auditing - common files
ii libaudit1:amd64 1:2.8.2-1ubuntu1 amd64 Dynamic library for security auditing
ii libbind9-160:amd64 1:9.11.3+dfsg-1ubuntu1.7 amd64 BIND9 Shared Library used by BIND
ii libblkid1:amd64 2.31.1-0.4ubuntu3.3 amd64 block device ID library
ii libbsd0:amd64 0.8.7-1 amd64 utility functions from BSD systems - shared library
ii libbz2-1.0:amd64 1.0.6-8.1 amd64 high-quality block-sorting file compressor library - runtime
ii libc-bin 2.27-3ubuntu1 amd64 GNU C Library: Binaries
ii libc6:amd64 2.27-3ubuntu1 amd64 GNU C Library: Shared libraries
ii libcap-ng0:amd64 0.7.7-3.1 amd64 An alternate POSIX capabilities library
ii libcap2:amd64 1:2.25-1.2 amd64 POSIX 1003.1e capabilities (library)
ii libcap2-bin 1:2.25-1.2 amd64 POSIX 1003.1e capabilities (utilities)
ii libcom-err2:amd64 1.44.1-1ubuntu1.1 amd64 common error description library
ii libcryptsetup12:amd64 2:2.0.2-1ubuntu1.1 amd64 disk encryption support - shared library
ii libcurl3-gnutls:amd64 7.58.0-2ubuntu3.6 amd64 easy-to-use client-side URL transfer library (GnuTLS flavour)
ii libcurl4:amd64 7.58.0-2ubuntu3.6 amd64 easy-to-use client-side URL transfer library (OpenSSL flavour)
ii libdb5.3:amd64 5.3.28-13.1ubuntu1 amd64 Berkeley v5.3 Database Libraries [runtime]
ii libdbus-1-3:amd64 1.12.2-1ubuntu1 amd64 simple interprocess messaging system (library)
ii libdebconfclient0:amd64 0.213ubuntu1 amd64 Debian Configuration Management System (C-implementation library)
ii libdevmapper-event1.02.1:amd64 2:1.02.145-4.1ubuntu3 amd64 Linux Kernel Device Mapper event support library
ii libdevmapper1.02.1:amd64 2:1.02.145-4.1ubuntu3 amd64 Linux Kernel Device Mapper userspace library
ii libdns-export1100 1:9.11.3+dfsg-1ubuntu1.7 amd64 Exported DNS Shared Library
ii libdns1100:amd64 1:9.11.3+dfsg-1ubuntu1.7 amd64 DNS Shared Library used by BIND
ii libdrm-common 2.4.95-1~18.04.1 all Userspace interface to kernel DRM services -- common files
ii libdrm2:amd64 2.4.95-1~18.04.1 amd64 Userspace interface to kernel DRM services -- runtime
ii libdumbnet1:amd64 1.12-7build1 amd64 dumb, portable networking library -- shared library
ii libeatmydata1:amd64 105-6 amd64 Library and utilities to disable fsync and friends - shared library
ii libedit2:amd64 3.1-20170329-1 amd64 BSD editline and history libraries
ii libelf1:amd64 0.170-0.4 amd64 library to read and write ELF files
ii liberror-perl 0.17025-1 all Perl module for error/exception handling in an OO-ish way
ii libestr0:amd64 0.1.10-2.1 amd64 Helper functions for handling strings (lib)
ii libevent-2.1-6:amd64 2.1.8-stable-4build1 amd64 Asynchronous event notification library
ii libexpat1:amd64 2.2.5-3 amd64 XML parsing C library - runtime library
ii libext2fs2:amd64 1.44.1-1ubuntu1.1 amd64 ext2/ext3/ext4 file system libraries
ii libfastjson4:amd64 0.99.8-2 amd64 fast json library for C
ii libfdisk1:amd64 2.31.1-0.4ubuntu3.3 amd64 fdisk partitioning library
ii libffi6:amd64 3.2.1-8 amd64 Foreign Function Interface library runtime
ii libfreetype6:amd64 2.8.1-2ubuntu2 amd64 FreeType 2 font engine, shared library files
ii libfribidi0:amd64 0.19.7-2 amd64 Free Implementation of the Unicode BiDi algorithm
ii libfuse2:amd64 2.9.7-1ubuntu1 amd64 Filesystem in Userspace (library)
ii libgcc1:amd64 1:8.3.0-6ubuntu1~18.04 amd64 GCC support library
ii libgcrypt20:amd64 1.8.1-4ubuntu1.1 amd64 LGPL Crypto library - runtime library
ii libgdbm-compat4:amd64 1.14.1-6 amd64 GNU dbm database routines (legacy support runtime version)
ii libgdbm5:amd64 1.14.1-6 amd64 GNU dbm database routines (runtime version)
ii libgeoip1:amd64 1.6.12-1 amd64 non-DNS IP-to-country resolver library
ii libgirepository-1.0-1:amd64 1.56.1-1 amd64 Library for handling GObject introspection data (runtime library)
ii libglib2.0-0:amd64 2.56.4-0ubuntu0.18.04.2 amd64 GLib library of C routines
ii libglib2.0-data 2.56.4-0ubuntu0.18.04.2 all Common files for GLib library
ii libgmp10:amd64 2:6.1.2+dfsg-2 amd64 Multiprecision arithmetic library
ii libgnutls30:amd64 3.5.18-1ubuntu1 amd64 GNU TLS library - main runtime library
ii libgpg-error0:amd64 1.27-6 amd64 library for common error values and messages in GnuPG components
ii libgpm2:amd64 1.20.7-5 amd64 General Purpose Mouse - shared library
ii libgssapi-krb5-2:amd64 1.16-2ubuntu0.1 amd64 MIT Kerberos runtime libraries - krb5 GSS-API Mechanism
ii libgssapi3-heimdal:amd64 7.5.0+dfsg-1 amd64 Heimdal Kerberos - GSSAPI support library
ii libhcrypto4-heimdal:amd64 7.5.0+dfsg-1 amd64 Heimdal Kerberos - crypto library
ii libheimbase1-heimdal:amd64 7.5.0+dfsg-1 amd64 Heimdal Kerberos - Base library
ii libheimntlm0-heimdal:amd64 7.5.0+dfsg-1 amd64 Heimdal Kerberos - NTLM support library
ii libhogweed4:amd64 3.4-1 amd64 low level cryptographic library (public-key cryptos)
ii libhx509-5-heimdal:amd64 7.5.0+dfsg-1 amd64 Heimdal Kerberos - X509 support library
ii libicu60:amd64 60.2-3ubuntu3 amd64 International Components for Unicode
ii libidn11:amd64 1.33-2.1ubuntu1.2 amd64 GNU Libidn library, implementation of IETF IDN specifications
ii libidn2-0:amd64 2.0.4-1.1build2 amd64 Internationalized domain names (IDNA2008/TR46) library
ii libip4tc0:amd64 1.6.1-2ubuntu2 amd64 netfilter libip4tc library
ii libip6tc0:amd64 1.6.1-2ubuntu2 amd64 netfilter libip6tc library
ii libiptc0:amd64 1.6.1-2ubuntu2 amd64 netfilter libiptc library
ii libirs160:amd64 1:9.11.3+dfsg-1ubuntu1.7 amd64 DNS Shared Library used by BIND
ii libisc-export169:amd64 1:9.11.3+dfsg-1ubuntu1.7 amd64 Exported ISC Shared Library
ii libisc169:amd64 1:9.11.3+dfsg-1ubuntu1.7 amd64 ISC Shared Library used by BIND
ii libisccc160:amd64 1:9.11.3+dfsg-1ubuntu1.7 amd64 Command Channel Library used by BIND
ii libisccfg160:amd64 1:9.11.3+dfsg-1ubuntu1.7 amd64 Config File Handling Library used by BIND
ii libisns0:amd64 0.97-2build1 amd64 Internet Storage Name Service - shared libraries
ii libjson-c3:amd64 0.12.1-1.3 amd64 JSON manipulation library - shared library
ii libk5crypto3:amd64 1.16-2ubuntu0.1 amd64 MIT Kerberos runtime libraries - Crypto Library
ii libkeyutils1:amd64 1.5.9-9.2ubuntu2 amd64 Linux Key Management Utilities (library)
ii libklibc 2.0.4-9ubuntu2 amd64 minimal libc subset for use with initramfs
ii libkmod2:amd64 24-1ubuntu3.2 amd64 libkmod shared library
ii libkrb5-26-heimdal:amd64 7.5.0+dfsg-1 amd64 Heimdal Kerberos - libraries
ii libkrb5-3:amd64 1.16-2ubuntu0.1 amd64 MIT Kerberos runtime libraries
ii libkrb5support0:amd64 1.16-2ubuntu0.1 amd64 MIT Kerberos runtime libraries - Support library
ii libksba8:amd64 1.3.5-2 amd64 X.509 and CMS support library
ii libldap-2.4-2:amd64 2.4.45+dfsg-1ubuntu1.2 amd64 OpenLDAP libraries
ii libldap-common 2.4.45+dfsg-1ubuntu1.2 all OpenLDAP common files for libraries
ii liblocale-gettext-perl 1.07-3build2 amd64 module using libc functions for internationalization in Perl
ii liblvm2app2.2:amd64 2.02.176-4.1ubuntu3 amd64 LVM2 application library
ii liblvm2cmd2.02:amd64 2.02.176-4.1ubuntu3 amd64 LVM2 command library
ii liblwres160:amd64 1:9.11.3+dfsg-1ubuntu1.7 amd64 Lightweight Resolver Library used by BIND
ii liblxc-common 3.0.3-0ubuntu1~18.04.1 amd64 Linux Containers userspace tools (common tools)
ii liblxc1 3.0.3-0ubuntu1~18.04.1 amd64 Linux Containers userspace tools (library)
ii liblz4-1:amd64 0.0~r131-2ubuntu3 amd64 Fast LZ compression algorithm library - runtime
ii liblzma5:amd64 5.2.2-1.3 amd64 XZ-format compression library
ii liblzo2-2:amd64 2.08-1.2 amd64 data compression library
ii libmagic-mgc 1:5.32-2ubuntu0.2 amd64 File type determination library using "magic" numbers (compiled magic file)
ii libmagic1:amd64 1:5.32-2ubuntu0.2 amd64 Recognize the type of data in a file using "magic" numbers - library
ii libmnl0:amd64 1.0.4-2 amd64 minimalistic Netlink communication library
ii libmount1:amd64 2.31.1-0.4ubuntu3.3 amd64 device mounting library
ii libmpdec2:amd64 2.4.2-1ubuntu1 amd64 library for decimal floating point arithmetic (runtime library)
ii libmpfr6:amd64 4.0.1-1 amd64 multiple precision floating-point computation
ii libmspack0:amd64 0.6-3ubuntu0.2 amd64 library for Microsoft compression formats (shared library)
ii libncurses5:amd64 6.1-1ubuntu1.18.04 amd64 shared libraries for terminal handling
ii libncursesw5:amd64 6.1-1ubuntu1.18.04 amd64 shared libraries for terminal handling (wide character support)
ii libnetfilter-conntrack3:amd64 1.0.6-2 amd64 Netfilter netlink-conntrack library
ii libnettle6:amd64 3.4-1 amd64 low level cryptographic library (symmetric and one-way cryptos)
ii libnewt0.52:amd64 0.52.20-1ubuntu1 amd64 Not Erik's Windowing Toolkit - text mode windowing with slang
ii libnfnetlink0:amd64 1.0.1-3 amd64 Netfilter netlink library
ii libnghttp2-14:amd64 1.30.0-1ubuntu1 amd64 library implementing HTTP/2 protocol (shared library)
ii libnih1:amd64 1.0.3-6ubuntu2 amd64 NIH Utility Library
ii libnpth0:amd64 1.5-3 amd64 replacement for GNU Pth using system threads
ii libnss-systemd:amd64 237-3ubuntu10.21 amd64 nss module providing dynamic user and group name resolution
ii libntfs-3g88 1:2017.3.23-2ubuntu0.18.04.2 amd64 read/write NTFS driver for FUSE (runtime library)
ii libnuma1:amd64 2.0.11-2.1ubuntu0.1 amd64 Libraries for controlling NUMA policy
ii libp11-kit0:amd64 0.23.9-2 amd64 library for loading and coordinating access to PKCS#11 modules - runtime
ii libpam-cap:amd64 1:2.25-1.2 amd64 POSIX 1003.1e capabilities (PAM module)
ii libpam-modules:amd64 1.1.8-3.6ubuntu2.18.04.1 amd64 Pluggable Authentication Modules for PAM
ii libpam-modules-bin 1.1.8-3.6ubuntu2.18.04.1 amd64 Pluggable Authentication Modules for PAM - helper binaries
ii libpam-runtime 1.1.8-3.6ubuntu2.18.04.1 all Runtime support for the PAM library
ii libpam-systemd:amd64 237-3ubuntu10.21 amd64 system and service manager - PAM module
ii libpam0g:amd64 1.1.8-3.6ubuntu2.18.04.1 amd64 Pluggable Authentication Modules library
ii libparted2:amd64 3.2-20ubuntu0.2 amd64 disk partition manipulator - shared library
ii libpcap0.8:amd64 1.8.1-6ubuntu1 amd64 system interface for user-level packet capture
ii libpci3:amd64 1:3.5.2-1ubuntu1.1 amd64 Linux PCI Utilities (shared library)
ii libpcre3:amd64 2:8.39-9 amd64 Old Perl 5 Compatible Regular Expression Library - runtime files
ii libperl5.26:amd64 5.26.1-6ubuntu0.3 amd64 shared Perl library
ii libpipeline1:amd64 1.5.0-1 amd64 pipeline manipulation library
ii libplymouth4:amd64 0.9.3-1ubuntu7.18.04.2 amd64 graphical boot animation and logger - shared libraries
ii libpng16-16:amd64 1.6.34-1ubuntu0.18.04.2 amd64 PNG library - runtime (version 1.6)
ii libpolkit-agent-1-0:amd64 0.105-20ubuntu0.18.04.5 amd64 PolicyKit Authentication Agent API
ii libpolkit-backend-1-0:amd64 0.105-20ubuntu0.18.04.5 amd64 PolicyKit backend API
ii libpolkit-gobject-1-0:amd64 0.105-20ubuntu0.18.04.5 amd64 PolicyKit Authorization API
ii libpopt0:amd64 1.16-11 amd64 lib for parsing cmdline parameters
ii libprocps6:amd64 2:3.3.12-3ubuntu1.1 amd64 library for accessing process information from /proc
ii libpsl5:amd64 0.19.1-5build1 amd64 Library for Public Suffix List (shared libraries)
ii libpython3-stdlib:amd64 3.6.7-1~18.04 amd64 interactive high-level object-oriented language (default python3 version)
ii libpython3.6:amd64 3.6.7-1~18.04 amd64 Shared Python runtime library (version 3.6)
ii libpython3.6-minimal:amd64 3.6.7-1~18.04 amd64 Minimal subset of the Python language (version 3.6)
ii libpython3.6-stdlib:amd64 3.6.7-1~18.04 amd64 Interactive high-level object-oriented language (standard library, version 3.6)
ii libreadline5:amd64 5.2+dfsg-3build1 amd64 GNU readline and history libraries, run-time libraries
ii libreadline7:amd64 7.0-3 amd64 GNU readline and history libraries, run-time libraries
ii libroken18-heimdal:amd64 7.5.0+dfsg-1 amd64 Heimdal Kerberos - roken support library
ii librtmp1:amd64 2.4+20151223.gitfa8646d.1-1 amd64 toolkit for RTMP streams (shared library)
ii libsasl2-2:amd64 2.1.27~101-g0780600+dfsg-3ubuntu2 amd64 Cyrus SASL - authentication abstraction library
ii libsasl2-modules:amd64 2.1.27~101-g0780600+dfsg-3ubuntu2 amd64 Cyrus SASL - pluggable authentication modules
ii libsasl2-modules-db:amd64 2.1.27~101-g0780600+dfsg-3ubuntu2 amd64 Cyrus SASL - pluggable authentication modules (DB)
ii libseccomp2:amd64 2.3.1-2.1ubuntu4.1 amd64 high level interface to Linux seccomp filter
ii libselinux1:amd64 2.7-2build2 amd64 SELinux runtime shared libraries
ii libsemanage-common 2.7-2build2 all Common files for SELinux policy management libraries
ii libsemanage1:amd64 2.7-2build2 amd64 SELinux policy management library
ii libsepol1:amd64 2.7-1 amd64 SELinux library for manipulating binary security policies
ii libsigsegv2:amd64 2.12-1 amd64 Library for handling page faults in a portable way
ii libslang2:amd64 2.3.1a-3ubuntu1 amd64 S-Lang programming library - runtime version
ii libsmartcols1:amd64 2.31.1-0.4ubuntu3.3 amd64 smart column output alignment library
ii libsqlite3-0:amd64 3.22.0-1 amd64 SQLite 3 shared library
ii libss2:amd64 1.44.1-1ubuntu1.1 amd64 command-line interface parsing library
ii libssl1.0.0:amd64 1.0.2n-1ubuntu5.3 amd64 Secure Sockets Layer toolkit - shared libraries
ii libssl1.1:amd64 1.1.0g-2ubuntu4.3 amd64 Secure Sockets Layer toolkit - shared libraries
ii libstdc++6:amd64 8.3.0-6ubuntu1~18.04 amd64 GNU Standard C++ Library v3
ii libsystemd0:amd64 237-3ubuntu10.21 amd64 systemd utility library
ii libtasn1-6:amd64 4.13-2 amd64 Manage ASN.1 structures (runtime)
ii libtext-charwidth-perl 0.04-7.1 amd64 get display widths of characters on the terminal
ii libtext-iconv-perl 1.7-5build6 amd64 converts between character sets in Perl
ii libtext-wrapi18n-perl 0.06-7.1 all internationalized substitute of Text::Wrap
ii libtinfo5:amd64 6.1-1ubuntu1.18.04 amd64 shared low-level terminfo library for terminal handling
ii libudev1:amd64 237-3ubuntu10.21 amd64 libudev shared library
ii libunistring2:amd64 0.9.9-0ubuntu2 amd64 Unicode string library for C
ii libunwind8:amd64 1.2.1-8 amd64 library to determine the call-chain of a program - runtime
ii libusb-1.0-0:amd64 2:1.0.21-2 amd64 userspace USB programming library
ii libutempter0:amd64 1.1.6-3 amd64 privileged helper for utmp/wtmp updates (runtime)
ii libuuid1:amd64 2.31.1-0.4ubuntu3.3 amd64 Universally Unique ID library
ii libuv1:amd64 1.18.0-3 amd64 asynchronous event notification library - runtime library
ii libwind0-heimdal:amd64 7.5.0+dfsg-1 amd64 Heimdal Kerberos - stringprep implementation
ii libwrap0:amd64 7.6.q-27 amd64 Wietse Venema's TCP wrappers library
ii libx11-6:amd64 2:1.6.4-3ubuntu0.2 amd64 X11 client-side library
ii libx11-data 2:1.6.4-3ubuntu0.2 all X11 client-side library
ii libxau6:amd64 1:1.0.8-1 amd64 X11 authorisation library
ii libxcb1:amd64 1.13-2~ubuntu18.04 amd64 X C Binding
ii libxdmcp6:amd64 1:1.1.2-3 amd64 X11 Display Manager Control Protocol library
ii libxext6:amd64 2:1.3.3-1 amd64 X11 miscellaneous extension library
ii libxml2:amd64 2.9.4+dfsg1-6.1ubuntu1.2 amd64 GNOME XML library
ii libxmlsec1:amd64 1.2.25-1build1 amd64 XML security library
ii libxmlsec1-openssl:amd64 1.2.25-1build1 amd64 Openssl engine for the XML security library
ii libxmuu1:amd64 2:1.1.2-2 amd64 X11 miscellaneous micro-utility library
ii libxslt1.1:amd64 1.1.29-5ubuntu0.1 amd64 XSLT 1.0 processing library - runtime library
ii libxtables12:amd64 1.6.1-2ubuntu2 amd64 netfilter xtables library
ii libyaml-0-2:amd64 0.1.7-2ubuntu3 amd64 Fast YAML 1.1 parser and emitter library
ii libzstd1:amd64 1.3.3+dfsg-2ubuntu1 amd64 fast lossless compression algorithm
ii linux-base 4.5ubuntu1 all Linux image base package
ii locales 2.27-3ubuntu1 all GNU C Library: National Language (locale) data [support]
ii login 1:4.5-1ubuntu2 amd64 system login tools
ii logrotate 3.11.0-0.1ubuntu1 amd64 Log rotation utility
ii lsb-base 9.20170808ubuntu1 all Linux Standard Base init script functionality
ii lsb-release 9.20170808ubuntu1 all Linux Standard Base version reporting utility
ii lshw 02.18-0.1ubuntu6.18.04.1 amd64 information about hardware configuration
ii lsof 4.89+dfsg-0.1 amd64 Utility to list open files
ii ltrace 0.7.3-6ubuntu1 amd64 Tracks runtime library calls in dynamically linked programs
ii lvm2 2.02.176-4.1ubuntu3 amd64 Linux Logical Volume Manager
ii lxcfs 3.0.3-0ubuntu1~18.04.1 amd64 FUSE based filesystem for LXC
ii lxd 3.0.3-0ubuntu1~18.04.1 amd64 Container hypervisor based on LXC - daemon
ii lxd-client 3.0.3-0ubuntu1~18.04.1 amd64 Container hypervisor based on LXC - client
ii man-db 2.8.3-2ubuntu0.1 amd64 on-line manual pager
ii manpages 4.15-1 all Manual pages about using a GNU/Linux system
ii mawk 1.3.3-17ubuntu3 amd64 a pattern scanning and text processing language
ii mdadm 4.1~rc1-3~ubuntu18.04.2 amd64 tool to administer Linux MD arrays (software RAID)
ii mime-support 3.60ubuntu1 all MIME files 'mime.types' & 'mailcap', and support programs
ii mlocate 0.26-2ubuntu3.1 amd64 quickly find files on the filesystem based on their name
ii mount 2.31.1-0.4ubuntu3.3 amd64 tools for mounting and manipulating filesystems
ii mtr-tiny 0.92-1 amd64 Full screen ncurses traceroute tool
ii multiarch-support 2.27-3ubuntu1 amd64 Transitional package to ensure multiarch compatibility
ii nano 2.9.3-2 amd64 small, friendly text editor inspired by Pico
ii ncurses-base 6.1-1ubuntu1.18.04 all basic terminal type definitions
ii ncurses-bin 6.1-1ubuntu1.18.04 amd64 terminal-related programs and man pages
ii ncurses-term 6.1-1ubuntu1.18.04 all additional terminal type definitions
ii net-tools 1.60+git20161116.90da8a0-1ubuntu1 amd64 NET-3 networking toolkit
ii netbase 5.4 all Basic TCP/IP networking system
ii netcat-openbsd 1.187-1ubuntu0.1 amd64 TCP/IP swiss army knife
ii netplan.io 0.97-0ubuntu1~18.04.1 amd64 YAML network configuration abstraction for various backends
ii networkd-dispatcher 1.7-0ubuntu3.3 all Dispatcher service for systemd-networkd connection status changes
ii nplan 0.97-0ubuntu1~18.04.1 all YAML network configuration abstraction - transitional package
ii ntfs-3g 1:2017.3.23-2ubuntu0.18.04.2 amd64 read/write NTFS driver for FUSE
ii open-iscsi 2.0.874-5ubuntu2.7 amd64 iSCSI initiator tools
ii open-vm-tools 2:10.3.5-7~ubuntu0.18.04.1 amd64 Open VMware Tools for virtual machines hosted on VMware (CLI)
ii openssh-client 1:7.6p1-4ubuntu0.3 amd64 secure shell (SSH) client, for secure access to remote machines
ii openssh-server 1:7.6p1-4ubuntu0.3 amd64 secure shell (SSH) server, for secure access from remote machines
ii openssh-sftp-server 1:7.6p1-4ubuntu0.3 amd64 secure shell (SSH) sftp server module, for SFTP access from remote machines
ii openssl 1.1.0g-2ubuntu4.3 amd64 Secure Sockets Layer toolkit - cryptographic utility
ii overlayroot 0.40ubuntu1.1 all use an overlayfs on top of a read-only root filesystem
ii parted 3.2-20ubuntu0.2 amd64 disk partition manipulator
ii passwd 1:4.5-1ubuntu2 amd64 change and administer password and group data
ii pastebinit 1.5-2 all command-line pastebin client
ii patch 2.7.6-2ubuntu1 amd64 Apply a diff file to an original
ii pciutils 1:3.5.2-1ubuntu1.1 amd64 Linux PCI Utilities
ii perl 5.26.1-6ubuntu0.3 amd64 Larry Wall's Practical Extraction and Report Language
ii perl-base 5.26.1-6ubuntu0.3 amd64 minimal Perl system
ii perl-modules-5.26 5.26.1-6ubuntu0.3 all Core Perl modules
ii pinentry-curses 1.1.0-1 amd64 curses-based PIN or pass-phrase entry dialog for GnuPG
ii plymouth 0.9.3-1ubuntu7.18.04.2 amd64 boot animation, logger and I/O multiplexer
ii plymouth-theme-ubuntu-text 0.9.3-1ubuntu7.18.04.2 amd64 boot animation, logger and I/O multiplexer - ubuntu text theme
ii policykit-1 0.105-20ubuntu0.18.04.5 amd64 framework for managing administrative policies and privileges
ii pollinate 4.33-0ubuntu1~18.04.1 all seed the pseudo random number generator
ii popularity-contest 1.66ubuntu1 all Vote for your favourite packages automatically
ii powermgmt-base 1.33 all common utils for power management
ii procps 2:3.3.12-3ubuntu1.1 amd64 /proc file system utilities
ii psmisc 23.1-1ubuntu0.1 amd64 utilities that use the proc file system
ii publicsuffix 20180223.1310-1 all accurate, machine-readable list of domain name suffixes
ii python-apt-common 1.6.4 all Python interface to libapt-pkg (locales)
ii python3 3.6.7-1~18.04 amd64 interactive high-level object-oriented language (default python3 version)
ii python3-apport 2.20.9-0ubuntu7.6 all Python 3 library for Apport crash report handling
ii python3-apt 1.6.4 amd64 Python 3 interface to libapt-pkg
ii python3-asn1crypto 0.24.0-1 all Fast ASN.1 parser and serializer (Python 3)
ii python3-attr 17.4.0-2 all Attributes without boilerplate (Python 3)
ii python3-automat 0.6.0-1 all Self-service finite-state machines for the programmer on the go
ii python3-blinker 1.4+dfsg1-0.1 all fast, simple object-to-object and broadcast signaling library
ii python3-certifi 2018.1.18-2 all root certificates for validating SSL certs and verifying TLS hosts (python3)
ii python3-cffi-backend 1.11.5-1 amd64 Foreign Function Interface for Python 3 calling C code - runtime
ii python3-chardet 3.0.4-1 all universal character encoding detector for Python3
ii python3-click 6.7-3 all Simple wrapper around optparse for powerful command line utilities - Python 3.x
ii python3-colorama 0.3.7-1 all Cross-platform colored terminal text in Python - Python 3.x
ii python3-commandnotfound 18.04.5 all Python 3 bindings for command-not-found.
ii python3-configobj 5.0.6-2 all simple but powerful config file reader and writer for Python 3
ii python3-constantly 15.1.0-1 all Symbolic constants in Python
ii python3-cryptography 2.1.4-1ubuntu1.2 amd64 Python library exposing cryptographic recipes and primitives (Python 3)
ii python3-dbus 1.2.6-1 amd64 simple interprocess messaging system (Python 3 interface)
ii python3-debconf 1.5.66ubuntu1 all interact with debconf from Python 3
ii python3-debian 0.1.32 all Python 3 modules to work with Debian-related data formats
ii python3-distro-info 0.18ubuntu0.18.04.1 all information about distributions' releases (Python 3 module)
ii python3-distupgrade 1:18.04.32 all manage release upgrades
ii python3-gdbm:amd64 3.6.7-1~18.04 amd64 GNU dbm database support for Python 3.x
ii python3-gi 3.26.1-2ubuntu1 amd64 Python 3 bindings for gobject-introspection libraries
ii python3-httplib2 0.9.2+dfsg-1ubuntu0.1 all comprehensive HTTP client library written for Python3
ii python3-hyperlink 17.3.1-2 all Immutable, Pythonic, correct URLs.
ii python3-idna 2.6-1 all Python IDNA2008 (RFC 5891) handling (Python 3)
ii python3-incremental 16.10.1-3 all Library for versioning Python projects.
ii python3-jinja2 2.10-1 all small but fast and easy to use stand-alone template engine
ii python3-json-pointer 1.10-1 all resolve JSON pointers - Python 3.x
ii python3-jsonpatch 1.19+really1.16-1fakesync1 all library to apply JSON patches - Python 3.x
ii python3-jsonschema 2.6.0-2 all An(other) implementation of JSON Schema (Draft 3 and 4) - Python 3.x
ii python3-jwt 1.5.3+ds1-1 all Python 3 implementation of JSON Web Token
ii python3-markupsafe 1.0-1build1 amd64 HTML/XHTML/XML string library for Python 3
ii python3-minimal 3.6.7-1~18.04 amd64 minimal subset of the Python language (default python3 version)
ii python3-netifaces 0.10.4-0.1build4 amd64 portable network interface information - Python 3.x
ii python3-newt:amd64 0.52.20-1ubuntu1 amd64 NEWT module for Python3
ii python3-oauthlib 2.0.6-1 all generic, spec-compliant implementation of OAuth for Python3
ii python3-openssl 17.5.0-1ubuntu1 all Python 3 wrapper around the OpenSSL library
ii python3-pam 0.4.2-13.2ubuntu4 amd64 Python interface to the PAM library
ii python3-pkg-resources 39.0.1-2 all Package Discovery and Resource Access using pkg_resources
ii python3-problem-report 2.20.9-0ubuntu7.6 all Python 3 library to handle problem reports
ii python3-pyasn1 0.4.2-3 all ASN.1 library for Python (Python 3 module)
ii python3-pyasn1-modules 0.2.1-0.2 all Collection of protocols modules written in ASN.1 language (Python 3)
ii python3-requests 2.18.4-2ubuntu0.1 all elegant and simple HTTP library for Python3, built for human beings
ii python3-requests-unixsocket 0.1.5-3 all Use requests to talk HTTP via a UNIX domain socket - Python 3.x
ii python3-serial 3.4-2 all pyserial - module encapsulating access for the serial port
ii python3-service-identity 16.0.0-2 all Service identity verification for pyOpenSSL (Python 3 module)
ii python3-six 1.11.0-2 all Python 2 and 3 compatibility library (Python 3 interface)
ii python3-software-properties 0.96.24.32.7 all manage the repositories that you install software from
ii python3-systemd 234-1build1 amd64 Python 3 bindings for systemd
ii python3-twisted 17.9.0-2 all Event-based framework for internet applications
ii python3-twisted-bin:amd64 17.9.0-2 amd64 Event-based framework for internet applications
ii python3-update-manager 1:18.04.11.10 all python 3.x module for update-manager
ii python3-urllib3 1.22-1ubuntu0.18.04.1 all HTTP library with thread-safe connection pooling for Python3
ii python3-yaml 3.12-1build2 amd64 YAML parser and emitter for Python3
ii python3-zope.interface 4.3.2-1build2 amd64 Interfaces for Python3
ii python3.6 3.6.7-1~18.04 amd64 Interactive high-level object-oriented language (version 3.6)
ii python3.6-minimal 3.6.7-1~18.04 amd64 Minimal subset of the Python language (version 3.6)
ii readline-common 7.0-3 all GNU readline and history libraries, common files
ii rsync 3.1.2-2.1ubuntu1 amd64 fast, versatile, remote (and local) file-copying tool
ii rsyslog 8.32.0-1ubuntu4 amd64 reliable system
and kernel logging daemon
ii run-one 1.17-0ubuntu1 all run just one instance of a command and its args at a time
ii screen 4.6.2-1ubuntu1 amd64 terminal multiplexer with VT100/ANSI terminal emulation
ii sed 4.4-2 amd64 GNU stream editor for filtering/transforming text
ii sensible-utils 0.0.12 all Utilities for sensible alternative selection
ii shared-mime-info 1.9-2 amd64 FreeDesktop.org shared MIME database and spec
ii snapd 2.38+18.04 amd64 Daemon and tooling that enable snap packages
ii software-properties-common 0.96.24.32.7 all manage the repositories that you install software from (common)
ii sosreport 3.6-1ubuntu0.18.04.2 amd64 Set of tools to gather troubleshooting data from a system
ii squashfs-tools 1:4.3-6ubuntu0.18.04.1 amd64 Tool to create and append to squashfs filesystems
ii ssh-import-id 5.7-0ubuntu1.1 all securely retrieve an SSH public key and install it locally
ii strace 4.21-1ubuntu1 amd64 System call tracer
ii sudo 1.8.21p2-3ubuntu1 amd64 Provide limited super user privileges to specific users
ii systemd 237-3ubuntu10.21 amd64 system and service manager
ii systemd-sysv 237-3ubuntu10.21 amd64 system and service manager - SysV links
ii sysvinit-utils 2.88dsf-59.10ubuntu1 amd64 System-V-like utilities
ii tar 1.29b-2ubuntu0.1 amd64 GNU version of the tar archiving utility
ii tcpdump 4.9.2-3 amd64 command-line network traffic analyzer
ii telnet 0.17-41 amd64 basic telnet client
ii time 1.7-25.1build1 amd64 GNU time program for measuring CPU resource usage
ii tmux 2.6-3ubuntu0.1 amd64 terminal multiplexer
ii tzdata 2019a-0ubuntu0.18.04 all time zone and daylight-saving time data
ii ubuntu-advantage-tools 17 all management tools for Ubuntu Advantage
ii ubuntu-keyring 2018.09.18.1~18.04.0 all GnuPG keys of the Ubuntu archive
ii ubuntu-minimal 1.417.1 amd64 Minimal core of Ubuntu
ii ubuntu-release-upgrader-core 1:18.04.32 all manage release upgrades
ii ubuntu-server 1.417.1 amd64 The Ubuntu Server system
ii ubuntu-standard 1.417.1 amd64 The Ubuntu standard system
ii ubuntu-wsl 1.417.1 amd64 Ubuntu on Windows tools - Windows Subsystem for Linux integration
ii ucf 3.0038 all Update Configuration File(s): preserve user changes to config files
ii udev 237-3ubuntu10.21 amd64 /dev/ and hotplug management daemon
ii ufw 0.36-0ubuntu0.18.04.1 all program for managing a Netfilter firewall
ii uidmap 1:4.5-1ubuntu2 amd64 programs to help use subuids
ii unattended-upgrades 1.1ubuntu1.18.04.11 all automatic installation of security upgrades
ii update-manager-core 1:18.04.11.10 all manage release upgrades
ii update-notifier-common 3.192.1.5 all Files shared between update-notifier and other packages
ii ureadahead 0.100.0-21 amd64 Read required files in advance
ii usbutils 1:007-4build1 amd64 Linux USB utilities
ii util-linux 2.31.1-0.4ubuntu3.3 amd64 miscellaneous system utilities
ii uuid-runtime 2.31.1-0.4ubuntu3.3 amd64 runtime components for the Universally Unique ID library
ii vim 2:8.0.1453-1ubuntu1 amd64 Vi IMproved - enhanced vi editor
ii vim-common 2:8.0.1453-1ubuntu1 all Vi IMproved - Common files
ii vim-runtime 2:8.0.1453-1ubuntu1 all Vi IMproved - Runtime files
ii vim-tiny 2:8.0.1453-1ubuntu1 amd64 Vi IMproved - enhanced vi editor - compact version
ii wget 1.19.4-1ubuntu2.2 amd64 retrieves files from the web
ii whiptail 0.52.20-1ubuntu1 amd64 Displays user-friendly dialog boxes from shell scripts
ii wslu 2.0.0-0ubuntu2~18.04.0 all collection of utilities for the Windows 10 Linux Subsystem
ii xauth 1:1.0.10-1 amd64 X authentication utility
ii xdelta3 3.0.11-dfsg-1ubuntu1 amd64 Diff utility which works with binary files
ii xdg-user-dirs 0.17-1ubuntu1 amd64 tool to manage well known user directories
ii xfsprogs 4.9.0+nmu1ubuntu2 amd64 Utilities for managing the XFS filesystem
ii xkb-data 2.23.1-1ubuntu1 all X Keyboard Extension (XKB) configuration data
ii xxd 2:8.0.1453-1ubuntu1 amd64 tool to make (or reverse) a hex dump
ii xz-utils 5.2.2-1.3 amd64 XZ-format compression utilities
ii zerofree 1.0.4-1 amd64 zero free blocks from ext2, ext3 and ext4 file-systems
ii zlib1g:amd64 1:1.2.11.dfsg-0ubuntu2 amd64 compression library - runtime
以上。