在Ubuntu 22.04 LTS中，我将Postgresql 13升级到了15（通过pg_upgradecluster的方式）
每次我们都会处理一些无法通过谷歌搜寻到的小趣味。这篇文章是个人观点，与我所属的任何团体无关。
起初
前年，我写了以下这样的文章。
这次，我要讲述的是使用pg_upgradecluster命令，将Ubuntu 22.04上的Postgresql 13升级到15的故事。
1. 前提和当前的情况
前提 1-1.
以下是操作系统的版本等信息。
1-2. 目前的情况 de
以下是只安装了Postgresql 13的情况。
$ sudo apt list --installed postgresql\*
Listing... Done
postgresql-13/jammy-pgdg,now 13.12-1.pgdg22.04+1 amd64 [installed,automatic]
postgresql-client-13/jammy-pgdg,now 13.12-1.pgdg22.04+1 amd64 [installed,automatic]
postgresql-client-common/jammy-pgdg,now 253.pgdg22.04+1 all [installed,automatic]
postgresql-common/jammy-pgdg,now 253.pgdg22.04+1 all [installed,automatic]
我会在pg_lsclusters命令中确认一下。
$ pg_lsclusters
Ver Cluster Port Status Owner Data directory Log file
13 main 5432 online postgres /var/lib/postgresql/13/main /var/log/postgresql/postgresql-13-main.log
2. PostgreSQL 十五
安装Postgresql 15
使用以下命令安装Postgresql 15（据说16将在2023年秋季发布）。
sudo apt install postgresql-15
$ sudo apt install postgresql-15
读取软件包清单… 完成
构建依赖关系树… 完成
读取状态信息… 完成
将安装以下额外的软件包：
postgresql-client-15
建议安装的软件包：
postgresql-doc-15
将会安装以下新增软件包：
postgresql-15 postgresql-client-15
0 个软件包已升级，2 个新安装，0 个将被删除，共 9 个未升级。
需获取 18.6 MB 的存档。
此操作后将使用额外的 61.4 MB 磁盘空间。
是否继续执行？[Y/n]
获取：1 http://apt.postgresql.org/pub/repos/apt jammy-pgdg/main amd64 postgresql-client-15 amd64 15.4-1.pgdg22.04+1 [1681 kB]
获取：2 http://apt.postgresql.org/pub/repos/apt jammy-pgdg/main amd64 postgresql-15 amd64 15.4-1.pgdg22.04+1 [16.9 MB]
已获取 18.6 MB，用时 5s (3538 kB/s)
预配置软件包 …
正在选择未选择的软件包 postgresql-client-15。
(正在读取数据库 … 现已安装 180964 个文件和目录。)
准备解压 …/postgresql-client-15_15.4-1.pgdg22.04+1_amd64.deb …
正在解压 postgresql-client-15 (15.4-1.pgdg22.04+1) …
正在选择未选择的软件包 postgresql-15。
准备解压 …/postgresql-15_15.4-1.pgdg22.04+1_amd64.deb …
正在解压 postgresql-15 (15.4-1.pgdg22.04+1) …
正在设置 postgresql-client-15 (15.4-1.pgdg22.04+1) …
update-alternatives: 使用 /usr/share/postgresql/15/man/man1/psql.1.gz 以提供 /usr/share/man/man1/psql.1.gz (psql.1.gz) 的自动模式
正在设置 postgresql-15 (15.4-1.pgdg22.04+1) …
正在创建新的 PostgreSQL 集群 15/main …
<后略>
确认
您可以使用apt命令验证是否已安装了13和15。
$ sudo apt list --installed postgresql\*
Listing... Done
postgresql-13/jammy-pgdg,now 13.12-1.pgdg22.04+1 amd64 [installed,automatic]
postgresql-15/jammy-pgdg,now 15.4-1.pgdg22.04+1 amd64 [installed]
postgresql-client-13/jammy-pgdg,now 13.12-1.pgdg22.04+1 amd64 [installed,automatic]
postgresql-client-15/jammy-pgdg,now 15.4-1.pgdg22.04+1 amd64 [installed,automatic]
postgresql-client-common/jammy-pgdg,now 253.pgdg22.04+1 all [installed,automatic]
postgresql-common/jammy-pgdg,now 253.pgdg22.04+1 all [installed,automatic]
请确保使用pg_lsclusters命令进行确认。
$ pg_lsclusters
Ver Cluster Port Status Owner Data directory Log file
13 main 5432 online postgres /var/lib/postgresql/13/main /var/log/postgresql/postgresql-13-main.log
15 main 5433 online postgres /var/lib/postgresql/15/main /var/log/postgresql/postgresql-15-main.log
可以看出，PS上的13和15都在运行。
$ ps axwwu | grep postgres
postgres 605 0.0 0.1 219572 29568 ? Ss 12:09 0:00 /usr/lib/postgresql/13/bin/postgres -D /var/lib/postgresql/13/main -c config_file=/etc/postgresql/13/main/postgresql.conf
postgres 663 0.0 0.0 219700 13772 ? Ss 12:09 0:00 postgres: 13/main: checkpointer
postgres 664 0.0 0.0 219572 10572 ? Ss 12:09 0:00 postgres: 13/main: background writer
postgres 666 0.0 0.0 219572 11212 ? Ss 12:09 0:01 postgres: 13/main: walwriter
postgres 668 0.0 0.0 220124 9804 ? Ss 12:09 0:00 postgres: 13/main: autovacuum launcher
postgres 669 0.0 0.0 74276 6988 ? Ss 12:09 0:00 postgres: 13/main: stats collector
postgres 670 0.0 0.0 220000 8524 ? Ss 12:09 0:00 postgres: 13/main: logical replication launcher
postgres 1563 0.0 0.2 222868 39664 ? Ss 12:13 0:00 postgres: 13/main: mmmost mattermost 127.0.0.1(38436) idle
postgres 2634 0.0 0.3 222000 53392 ? Ss 14:19 0:02 postgres: 13/main: mmmost mattermost 127.0.0.1(46972) idle
postgres 2942 0.0 0.2 221648 38804 ? Ss 14:34 0:01 postgres: 13/main: mmmost mattermost 127.0.0.1(51564) idle
postgres 5384 0.0 0.1 220668 30208 ? Ss 15:08 0:00 /usr/lib/postgresql/15/bin/postgres -D /var/lib/postgresql/15/main -c config_file=/etc/postgresql/15/main/postgresql.conf
postgres 5385 0.0 0.0 220796 10848 ? Ss 15:08 0:00 postgres: 15/main: checkpointer
postgres 5386 0.0 0.0 220812 8544 ? Ss 15:08 0:00 postgres: 15/main: background writer
postgres 5388 0.0 0.0 220668 11488 ? Ss 15:08 0:00 postgres: 15/main: walwriter
postgres 5389 0.0 0.0 222252 10080 ? Ss 15:08 0:00 postgres: 15/main: autovacuum launcher
postgres 5390 0.0 0.0 222236 9184 ? Ss 15:08 0:00 postgres: 15/main: logical replication launcher
ubuntu 5574 0.0 0.0 8052 2304 pts/0 S+ 15:15 0:00 grep --color=auto postgres
3. 备份PostgreSQL 13的数据。
为了安全起见，在Postgresql 13中备份数据。
$ sudo -i
$ su - postgres
$ pg_dumpall -f /tmp/postgres13-all.dump
$ ls -la /tmp/postgres13-all.dump
$ ls -la /tmp/postgres13-all.dump
-rw-rw-r-- 1 postgres postgres 4629330452 Aug 28 15:22 /tmp/postgres13-all.dump
停止正在运行的Postgresql 15并删除数据。
目前正在运行的Postgresql 15是为了升级而安装的，但数据还没有迁移，只执行了db init命令。虽然没有数据，但为了从Postgresql 13迁移时不会产生干扰，只删除数据库。
sudo pg_dropcluster 15 main --stop
我会用pg_lsclusters命令来确认一下。
$ pg_lsclusters
Ver Cluster Port Status Owner Data directory Log file
13 main 5432 online postgres /var/lib/postgresql/13/main /var/log/postgresql/postgresql-13-main.log
5. 使用pg_upgradecluster进行升级
让我们使用以下命令将版本从13升级到15。
我很紧张，不知道会不会成功。
sudo pg_upgradecluster -v 15 13 main
这次我还指定了升级目标的版本。
资料编：Ubuntu专用的用于PostgreSQL的命令 | 让我们POSTGRES
$ sudo pg_upgradecluster -v 15 13 main
Stopping old cluster…
Restarting old cluster with restricted connections…
Notice: extra pg_ctl/postgres options given, bypassing systemctl for start operation
Creating new PostgreSQL cluster 15/main …
/usr/lib/postgresql/15/bin/initdb -D /var/lib/postgresql/15/main –auth-local peer –auth-host scram-sha-256 –no-instructions –encoding UTF8 –lc-collate ja_JP.UTF-8 –lc-ctype ja_JP.UTF-8
The files belonging to this database system will be owned by user “postgres”.
This user must also own the server process.The database cluster will be initialized with this locale configuration:
provider: libc
LC_COLLATE: ja_JP.UTF-8
LC_CTYPE: ja_JP.UTF-8
LC_MESSAGES: C.UTF-8
LC_MONETARY: C.UTF-8
LC_NUMERIC: C.UTF-8
LC_TIME: C.UTF-8
initdb: could not find suitable text search configuration for locale “ja_JP.UTF-8”
The default text search configuration will be set to “simple”.
Data page checksums are disabled.
fixing permissions on existing directory /var/lib/postgresql/15/main … ok
creating subdirectories … ok
selecting dynamic shared memory implementation … posix
selecting default max_connections … 100
selecting default shared_buffers … 128MB
selecting default time zone … Asia/Tokyo
creating configuration files … ok
running bootstrap script … ok
performing post-bootstrap initialization … ok
syncing data to disk … ok
Copying old configuration files…
Copying old start.conf…
Copying old pg_ctl.conf…
Starting new cluster…
Notice: extra pg_ctl/postgres options given, bypassing systemctl for start operation
Roles, databases, schemas, ACLs…
set_config
————
(1 row)
set_config
————
(1 row)
set_config
————
(1 row)
set_config
————
(1 row)
Fixing hardcoded library paths for stored procedures…
Upgrading database template1…
Analyzing database template1…
Fixing hardcoded library paths for stored procedures…
Upgrading database postgres…
Analyzing database postgres…
NOTICE: word is too long to be indexed
DETAIL: Words longer than 2047 characters are ignored.
NOTICE: word is too long to be indexed
DETAIL: Words longer than 2047 characters are ignored.
NOTICE: word is too long to be indexed
DETAIL: Words longer than 2047 characters are ignored.
NOTICE: word is too long to be indexed
DETAIL: Words longer than 2047 characters are ignored.
NOTICE: word is too long to be indexed
DETAIL: Words longer than 2047 characters are ignored.
NOTICE: word is too long to be indexed
DETAIL: Words longer than 2047 characters are ignored.
NOTICE: word is too long to be indexed
DETAIL: Words longer than 2047 characters are ignored.
NOTICE: word is too long to be indexed
DETAIL: Words longer than 2047 characters are ignored.
NOTICE: word is too long to be indexed
DETAIL: Words longer than 2047 characters are ignored.
NOTICE: word is too long to be indexed
DETAIL: Words longer than 2047 characters are ignored.
NOTICE: word is too long to be indexed
DETAIL: Words longer than 2047 characters are ignored.
NOTICE: word is too long to be indexed
DETAIL: Words longer than 2047 characters are ignored.
NOTICE: word is too long to be indexed
DETAIL: Words longer than 2047 characters are ignored.
NOTICE: word is too long to be indexed
DETAIL: Words longer than 2047 characters are ignored.
NOTICE: word is too long to be indexed
DETAIL: Words longer than 2047 characters are ignored.
NOTICE: word is too long to be indexed
DETAIL: Words longer than 2047 characters are ignored.
NOTICE: word is too long to be indexed
DETAIL: Words longer than 2047 characters are ignored.
NOTICE: word is too long to be indexed
DETAIL: Words longer than 2047 characters are ignored.
NOTICE: word is too long to be indexed
DETAIL: Words longer than 2047 characters are ignored.
NOTICE: word is too long to be indexed
DETAIL: Words longer than 2047 characters are ignored.
NOTICE: word is too long to be indexed
DETAIL: Words longer than 2047 characters are ignored.
NOTICE: word is too long to be indexed
DETAIL: Words longer than 2047 characters are ignored.
NOTICE: word is too long to be indexed
DETAIL: Words longer than 2047 characters are ignored.
NOTICE: word is too long to be indexed
DETAIL: Words longer than 2047 characters are ignored.
NOTICE: word is too long to be indexed
DETAIL: Words longer than 2047 characters are ignored.
NOTICE: word is too long to be indexed
DETAIL: Words longer than 2047 characters are ignored.
NOTICE: word is too long to be indexed
DETAIL: Words longer than 2047 characters are ignored.
NOTICE: word is too long to be indexed
DETAIL: Words longer than 2047 characters are ignored.
NOTICE: word is too long to be indexed
DETAIL: Words longer than 2047 characters are ignored.
NOTICE: word is too long to be indexed
DETAIL: Words longer than 2047 characters are ignored.
NOTICE: word is too long to be indexed
DETAIL: Words longer than 2047 characters are ignored.
NOTICE: word is too long to be indexed
DETAIL: Words longer than 2047 characters are ignored.
NOTICE: word is too long to be indexed
DETAIL: Words longer than 2047 characters are ignored.
NOTICE: word is too long to be indexed
DETAIL: Words longer than 2047 characters are ignored.
NOTICE: word is too long to be indexed
DETAIL: Words longer than 2047 characters are ignored.
NOTICE: word is too long to be indexed
DETAIL: Words longer than 2047 characters are ignored.
NOTICE: word is too long to be indexed
DETAIL: Words longer than 2047 characters are ignored.
NOTICE: word is too long to be indexed
DETAIL: Words longer than 2047 characters are ignored.
NOTICE: word is too long to be indexed
DETAIL: Words longer than 2047 characters are ignored.
NOTICE: word is too long to be indexed
DETAIL: Words longer than 2047 characters are ignored.
NOTICE: word is too long to be indexed
DETAIL: Words longer than 2047 characters are ignored.
NOTICE: word is too long to be indexed
DETAIL: Words longer than 2047 characters are ignored.
NOTICE: word is too long to be indexed
DETAIL: Words longer than 2047 characters are ignored.
NOTICE: word is too long to be indexed
DETAIL: Words longer than 2047 characters are ignored.
NOTICE: word is too long to be indexed
DETAIL: Words longer than 2047 characters are ignored.
NOTICE: word is too long to be indexed
DETAIL: Words longer than 2047 characters are ignored.
NOTICE: word is too long to be indexed
DETAIL: Words longer than 2047 characters are ignored.
NOTICE: word is too long to be indexed
DETAIL: Words longer than 2047 characters are ignored.
NOTICE: word is too long to be indexed
DETAIL: Words longer than 2047 characters are ignored.
NOTICE: word is too long to be indexed
DETAIL: Words longer than 2047 characters are ignored.
NOTICE: word is too long to be indexed
DETAIL: Words longer than 2047 characters are ignored.
NOTICE: word is too long to be indexed
DETAIL: Words longer than 2047 characters are ignored.
NOTICE: word is too long to be indexed
DETAIL: Words longer than 2047 characters are ignored.
NOTICE: word is too long to be indexed
DETAIL: Words longer than 2047 characters are ignored.
NOTICE: word is too long to be indexed
DETAIL: Words longer than 2047 characters are ignored.
NOTICE: word is too long to be indexed
DETAIL: Words longer than 2047 characters are ignored.
NOTICE: word is too long to be indexed
DETAIL: Words longer than 2047 characters are ignored.
NOTICE: word is too long to be indexed
DETAIL: Words longer than 2047 characters are ignored.
NOTICE: word is too long to be indexed
DETAIL: Words longer than 2047 characters are ignored.
NOTICE: word is too long to be indexed
DETAIL: Words longer than 2047 characters are ignored.
NOTICE: word is too long to be indexed
DETAIL: Words longer than 2047 characters are ignored.
NOTICE: word is too long to be indexed
DETAIL: Words longer than 2047 characters are ignored.
NOTICE: word is too long to be indexed
DETAIL: Words longer than 2047 characters are ignored.
NOTICE: word is too long to be indexed
DETAIL: Words longer than 2047 characters are ignored.
NOTICE: word is too long to be indexed
DETAIL: Words longer than 2047 characters are ignored.
NOTICE: word is too long to be indexed
DETAIL: Words longer than 2047 characters are ignored.
NOTICE: word is too long to be indexed
DETAIL: Words longer than 2047 characters are ignored.
NOTICE: word is too long to be indexed
DETAIL: Words longer than 2047 characters are ignored.
NOTICE: word is too long to be indexed
DETAIL: Words longer than 2047 characters are ignored.
NOTICE: word is too long to be indexed
DETAIL: Words longer than 2047 characters are ignored.
NOTICE: word is too long to be indexed
DETAIL: Words longer than 2047 characters are ignored.
NOTICE: word is too long to be indexed
DETAIL: Words longer than 2047 characters are ignored.
NOTICE: word is too long to be indexed
DETAIL: Words longer than 2047 characters are ignored.
NOTICE: word is too long to be indexed
DETAIL: Words longer than 2047 characters are ignored.
NOTICE: word is too long to be indexed
DETAIL: Words longer than 2047 characters are ignored.
NOTICE: word is too long to be indexed
DETAIL: Words longer than 2047 characters are ignored.
NOTICE: word is too long to be indexed
DETAIL: Words longer than 2047 characters are ignored.
NOTICE: word is too long to be indexed
DETAIL: Words longer than 2047 characters are ignored.
Fixing hardcoded library paths for stored procedures…
Upgrading database mattermost…
Analyzing database mattermost…
NOTICE: word is too long to be indexed
DETAIL: Words longer than 2047 characters are ignored.
NOTICE: word is too long to be indexed
DETAIL: Words longer than 2047 characters are ignored.
NOTICE: word is too long to be indexed
DETAIL: Words longer than 2047 characters are ignored.
NOTICE: word is too long to be indexed
DETAIL: Words longer than 2047 characters are ignored.
NOTICE: word is too long to be indexed
DETAIL: Words longer than 2047 characters are ignored.
NOTICE: word is too long to be indexed
DETAIL: Words longer than 2047 characters are ignored.
NOTICE: word is too long to be indexed
DETAIL: Words longer than 2047 characters are ignored.
NOTICE: word is too long to be indexed
DETAIL: Words longer than 2047 characters are ignored.
NOTICE: word is too long to be indexed
DETAIL: Words longer than 2047 characters are ignored.
NOTICE: word is too long to be indexed
DETAIL: Words longer than 2047 characters are ignored.
NOTICE: word is too long to be indexed
DETAIL: Words longer than 2047 characters are ignored.
NOTICE: word is too long to be indexed
DETAIL: Words longer than 2047 characters are ignored.
NOTICE: word is too long to be indexed
DETAIL: Words longer than 2047 characters are ignored.
NOTICE: word is too long to be indexed
DETAIL: Words longer than 2047 characters are ignored.
NOTICE: word is too long to be indexed
DETAIL: Words longer than 2047 characters are ignored.
NOTICE: word is too long to be indexed
DETAIL: Words longer than 2047 characters are ignored.
NOTICE: word is too long to be indexed
DETAIL: Words longer than 2047 characters are ignored.
NOTICE: word is too long to be indexed
DETAIL: Words longer than 2047 characters are ignored.
NOTICE: word is too long to be indexed
DETAIL: Words longer than 2047 characters are ignored.
NOTICE: word is too long to be indexed
DETAIL: Words longer than 2047 characters are ignored.
NOTICE: word is too long to be indexed
DETAIL: Words longer than 2047 characters are ignored.
NOTICE: word is too long to be indexed
DETAIL: Words longer than 2047 characters are ignored.
NOTICE: word is too long to be indexed
DETAIL: Words longer than 2047 characters are ignored.
NOTICE: word is too long to be indexed
DETAIL: Words longer than 2047 characters are ignored.
NOTICE: word is too long to be indexed
DETAIL: Words longer than 2047 characters are ignored.
NOTICE: word is too long to be indexed
DETAIL: Words longer than 2047 characters are ignored.
NOTICE: word is too long to be indexed
DETAIL: Words longer than 2047 characters are ignored.
NOTICE: word is too long to be indexed
DETAIL: Words longer than 2047 characters are ignored.
NOTICE: word is too long to be indexed
DETAIL: Words longer than 2047 characters are ignored.
NOTICE: word is too long to be indexed
DETAIL: Words longer than 2047 characters are ignored.
NOTICE: word is too long to be indexed
DETAIL: Words longer than 2047 characters are ignored.
NOTICE: word is too long to be indexed
DETAIL: Words longer than 2047 characters are ignored.
NOTICE: word is too long to be indexed
DETAIL: Words longer than 2047 characters are ignored.
NOTICE: word is too long to be indexed
DETAIL: Words longer than 2047 characters are ignored.
NOTICE: word is too long to be indexed
DETAIL: Words longer than 2047 characters are ignored.
NOTICE: word is too long to be indexed
DETAIL: Words longer than 2047 characters are ignored.
NOTICE: word is too long to be indexed
DETAIL: Words longer than 2047 characters are ignored.
NOTICE: word is too long to be indexed
DETAIL: Words longer than 2047 characters are ignored.
NOTICE: word is too long to be indexed
DETAIL: Words longer than 2047 characters are ignored.
NOTICE: word is too long to be indexed
DETAIL: Words longer than 2047 characters are ignored.
NOTICE: word is too long to be indexed
DETAIL: Words longer than 2047 characters are ignored.
NOTICE: word is too long to be indexed
DETAIL: Words longer than 2047 characters are ignored.
NOTICE: word is too long to be indexed
DETAIL: Words longer than 2047 characters are ignored.
NOTICE: word is too long to be indexed
DETAIL: Words longer than 2047 characters are ignored.
NOTICE: word is too long to be indexed
DETAIL: Words longer than 2047 characters are ignored.
NOTICE: word is too long to be indexed
DETAIL: Words longer than 2047 characters are ignored.
NOTICE: word is too long to be indexed
DETAIL: Words longer than 2047 characters are ignored.
NOTICE: word is too long to be indexed
DETAIL: Words longer than 2047 characters are ignored.
NOTICE: word is too long to be indexed
DETAIL: Words longer than 2047 characters are ignored.
NOTICE: word is too long to be indexed
DETAIL: Words longer than 2047 characters are ignored.
NOTICE: word is too long to be indexed
DETAIL: Words longer than 2047 characters are ignored.
NOTICE: word is too long to be indexed
DETAIL: Words longer than 2047 characters are ignored.
NOTICE: word is too long to be indexed
DETAIL: Words longer than 2047 characters are ignored.
NOTICE: word is too long to be indexed
DETAIL: Words longer than 2047 characters are ignored.
NOTICE: word is too long to be indexed
DETAIL: Words longer than 2047 characters are ignored.
NOTICE: word is too long to be indexed
DETAIL: Words longer than 2047 characters are ignored.
NOTICE: word is too long to be indexed
DETAIL: Words longer than 2047 characters are ignored.
NOTICE: word is too long to be indexed
DETAIL: Words longer than 2047 characters are ignored.
NOTICE: word is too long to be indexed
DETAIL: Words longer than 2047 characters are ignored.
NOTICE: word is too long to be indexed
DETAIL: Words longer than 2047 characters are ignored.
NOTICE: word is too long to be indexed
DETAIL: Words longer than 2047 characters are ignored.
NOTICE: word is too long to be indexed
DETAIL: Words longer than 2047 characters are ignored.
Stopping target cluster…
Stopping old cluster…
Disabling automatic startup of old cluster…
Starting upgraded cluster on port 5432…
Success. Please check that the upgraded cluster works. If it does,
you can remove the old cluster with
pg_dropcluster 13 main
Ver Cluster Port Status Owner Data directory Log file
13 main 5433 down postgres /var/lib/postgresql/13/main /var/log/postgresql/postgresql-13-main.log
Ver Cluster Port Status Owner Data directory Log file
15 main 5432 online postgres /var/lib/postgresql/15/main /var/log/postgresql/postgresql-15-main.log
确认是否已升级
再次执行 pg_lsclusters 命令来确认是否已升级。
pg_lsclusters
Ver Cluster Port Status Owner Data directory Log file
13 main 5433 online postgres /var/lib/postgresql/13/main /var/log/postgresql/postgresql-13-main.log
15 main 5432 online postgres /var/lib/postgresql/15/main /var/log/postgresql/postgresql-15-main.log
暫停一下，直到確認問題不存在為止。
sudo pg_ctlcluster 13 main stop
7. 确认应用程序的运行状况，并删除旧的Postgresql集群。
sudo pg_dropcluster 13 main
确认被删除的事项
$ pg_lsclusters
我們也會刪除舊有的包裝物。
sudo apt-get purge postgresql-13 postgresql-client-13
8. 总结
我能够更轻松地迁移，而不是通过pg_dumpall导出并导入。
