首先/首要的是

在Debian 12上安装MariaDB 10.11。
父文：MySQL、MariaDB的各种安装方法和EOL概述- Qiita

日志

安装

# cat /etc/os-release
PRETTY_NAME="Debian GNU/Linux 12 (bookworm)"
NAME="Debian GNU/Linux"
VERSION_ID="12"
VERSION="12 (bookworm)"
VERSION_CODENAME=bookworm
ID=debian
HOME_URL="https://www.debian.org/"
SUPPORT_URL="https://www.debian.org/support"
BUG_REPORT_URL="https://bugs.debian.org/"

# apt update; apt install -y mariadb-server
... 略

各种确认

# service mariadb start
# mysql -u root -e'select version();'
+-------------------+
| version()         |
+-------------------+
| 10.11.3-MariaDB-1 |
+-------------------+