In C++, what is function overloading and operator overloading?

Function overloading refers to the ability to define multiple functions with the same name but different parameter lists within the same scope. Through function overloading, it is possible to achieve multiple functionalities using the same function name, thus increasing the flexibility and readability of the code.

Operator overloading refers to redefining operators in C++ so that they can be used with objects of custom types. By overloading operators, custom type objects can perform operator operations, making the code more concise and readable. Common examples of operator overloading include arithmetic operators such as +, -, *, /, as well as input and output operators like <<, >>.