What is the Java Virtual Machine (JVM)?

The Java Virtual Machine (JVM) is a virtual machine that can execute Java bytecode, serving as the core component for running Java programs. After a Java program is compiled, it generates bytecode files, which the JVM is responsible for converting into machine code and executing the program. The JVM provides functions such as memory management, garbage collection, and thread management, allowing Java programs to be platform-independent and run on different operating systems. By achieving platform independence, the JVM ensures that Java programs have high portability and security.