What is the difference between JPA and MyBatis?

JPA (Java Persistence API) and MyBatis are two distinct frameworks for persistence, each with unique characteristics and usage methods.

1. JPA is an ORM (Object-Relational Mapping) framework, whereas MyBatis is a semi-automated persistence framework. In JPA, the mapping between objects and database tables is done automatically, so developers don’t need to manually write SQL statements. On the other hand, in MyBatis, developers need to manually write SQL statements to implement the mapping between objects and database tables.
2. JPA is based on standard Java EE specifications, while MyBatis is an independent framework without dependencies on any standards.
3. JPA offers more advanced features such as first-level cache, JPQL query language, while MyBatis is more flexible as developers can customize SQL statements, result mapping, etc.
4. In terms of performance, MyBatis is often more efficient than JPA because MyBatis can directly execute handwritten SQL statements, while JPA needs to convert JPQL statements to SQL statements for execution.

In general, the choice between JPA and MyBatis depends on specific project requirements and the technical background of the development team. JPA can be chosen for quick development with lower performance requirements, while MyBatis is better suited for high performance needs and more flexibility.