Introduction to T-SQL and basic syntax

T-SQL (Transact-SQL) is a programming language used to access and manipulate SQL Server databases. It extends SQL by providing additional functionalities and syntax, allowing developers to have more flexibility when interacting with databases.

The basic syntax of T-SQL includes the following aspects:

1. Query statement: A statement used to retrieve data from a database. Common query statements include keywords such as SELECT, FROM, WHERE, and ORDER BY.
2. Data modification statements are used to change data stored in a database. Common examples of data modification statements include INSERT, UPDATE, and DELETE keywords.
3. Creating tables and database objects involves using statements to create new database objects such as tables, views, stored procedures, etc. Common statements for creating objects include keywords like CREATE TABLE, CREATE VIEW, CREATE PROCEDURE, etc.
4. Conditional and loop statements: used to execute different code blocks based on conditions or perform loop operations. Common conditional and loop statements include keywords like IF, CASE, WHILE, etc.
5. Subqueries and joins are statements used to nest queries or connect multiple tables in a query. Common keywords for subqueries and joins include IN, EXISTS, and JOIN.
6. Index and constraints: Statements used to create indexes and constraints on database tables. Common keywords for indexes and constraints include CREATE INDEX and ALTER TABLE.

In addition to the basic syntax mentioned above, T-SQL also offers many other functionalities and syntax such as transaction processing, stored procedures, triggers, etc., allowing developers to better manage and manipulate databases.