How is function overloading implemented in C++?

In C++, function overloading refers to defining multiple functions with the same name in the same scope, but with different parameter lists (different parameter types, number of parameters, or parameter order). The compiler distinguishes between different functions based on their parameter lists to achieve function overloading.

The method to achieve function overloading is as follows:

1. Define multiple functions with the same name, but with different parameter lists.
2. When a function is called, the compiler will automatically match it to the corresponding function based on the different parameters passed.
3. If the parameters passed cannot match any of the overloaded functions, the compiler will throw an error.
4. The return type of a function can be the same or different, as long as the parameter list is different, function overloading can be achieved.

Sample code:

#include <iostream>

void print(int num) {
    std::cout << "Integer number: " << num << std::endl;
}

void print(double num) {
    std::cout << "Double number: " << num << std::endl;
}

int main() {
    print(10);
    print(3.14);
    
    return 0;
}

In the example above, two functions named print were defined, one taking an integer parameter and the other taking a floating-point parameter. These two functions are called separately in the main function, and the compiler matches the corresponding function based on the type of parameter passed.