How is dynamic memory allocation implemented in C++?

In C++, dynamic memory allocation is typically achieved using the new and delete keywords. Here are the basic steps for dynamic memory allocation.

1. Using the ‘new’ keyword to allocate memory involves dynamically allocating memory on the heap and returning a pointer pointing to the allocated memory. For example, int* ptr = new int; allocates memory space for an integer on the heap and stores a pointer pointing to that memory space in ptr.
2. Release memory using the delete keyword: The delete keyword is used to release memory space that was previously allocated using the new keyword. For example, delete ptr; will release the memory space pointed to by ptr.
3. Dynamic array allocation: In addition to allocating single objects, you can also use the new[] and delete[] keywords to allocate and release dynamic arrays. For example, int* arr = new int[5]; will allocate memory space for an array containing 5 integers on the heap, and store a pointer to that array in arr. Use delete[] arr; to release the allocated array memory.

Some points to be mindful of:

1. Dynamically allocated memory needs to be manually released, otherwise it can result in memory leaks.
2. When using dynamic memory allocation, it is important to be cautious and ensure that allocated memory is released in a timely manner to avoid issues such as memory leaks or dangling pointers.
3. When using dynamic memory, it is important to consider the order of memory allocation and release to avoid dangling pointers or accessing already deallocated memory.