What is the function of the logging module in Python?

The logging module is a module in the Python standard library used to record log information during program execution. It offers a flexible and configurable way to output runtime information from the program to different destinations (such as the console, files, etc.) and control the log levels.

The main functions of the logging module are as follows:

1. Logging information: By utilizing the logging module, it becomes easier to record the program’s running status, error messages, warnings, etc. This is extremely helpful for program debugging, troubleshooting, and runtime monitoring.
2. Controlling log levels allows for the restriction of displaying only certain levels of log information, preventing excessive output from affecting program performance. Common log levels include DEBUG, INFO, WARNING, ERROR, and CRITICAL.
3. Support for various logging output methods: the logging module supports sending logs to different destinations such as the console, files, and networks. Users can choose the appropriate output method as needed, and can flexibly switch or combine different output destinations through configuration.
4. Log information can be formatted by setting the log format, which includes the time, level, module name, thread name, and other information in order to better understand and analyze the log content.
5. Support log rolling: By configuring log rolling, new log files can be automatically created when the log file reaches a certain size or time limit, in order to prevent issues with excessive or outdated log files.

In general, the logging module provides a simple yet powerful logging tool for Python programs, allowing developers to have a better understanding of the program’s runtime status for improved debugging and optimization.