What are the functions of the ORM framework in Django?

The functions of the ORM (Object-Relational Mapping) framework in Django are as follows:

1. ORM framework in Django makes database operations more simple and efficient by providing advanced object manipulation interfaces for easily performing CRUD operations without directly using SQL statements.
2. Database migration: ORM frameworks offer the functionality of database migration, allowing developers to automatically create, modify, or delete database table structures based on changes made to the models, making database versioning and upgrades more convenient and secure.
3. Definition of data model: ORM framework allows developers to define data models using Python code, without the need to manually write SQL statements. This makes the definition of data models more intuitive and easier to maintain.
4. Database independence: ORM frameworks provide support for various databases, allowing for easy switching between different database backends without the need to modify the application code.
5. Query optimization: ORM frameworks can automatically optimize query statements based on developers’ data querying needs, improving database query performance.

In conclusion, ORM frameworks in Django simplify database operations, improve development efficiency, and enhance the maintainability and portability of databases.