What are the methods for authorizing users and backing up data in MySQL?

The method for granting MySQL user authorization is by using the GRANT statement, while the method for backing up data is by using the mysqldump command.

1. User authorization:
2. Log in to the MySQL server using the ROOT account.
3. Grant the specified permissions to a user on a specific database table, with the syntax ‘GRANT permissions ON database.table TO ‘username’@’host’. The permissions can include SELECT, INSERT, UPDATE, DELETE, and others. The database.table refers to the database and table being granted access to, while ‘username’@’host’ indicates the user and access host.
4. Refresh permissions using the following syntax: FLUSH PRIVILEGES;
5. Back up data:
6. To backup the entire database, use the following command: mysqldump -u username -p database > backup.sql. In this command, replace ‘username’ with your database username, ‘database’ with the name of the database you want to backup, and ‘backup.sql’ with the file name of the backup.
7. Backup specific tables using the following command:
   mysqldump -u username -p database table1 table2 > backup.sql

   Where table1 and table2 are the names of the tables to be backed up.

8. Backup the entire database using the following command and compress it into a compressed file: mysqldump -u username -p database | gzip > backup.sql.gz.
9. Restore the backup data using the following command: mysql -u username -p database < backup.sql In this command, username is the database username, database is the name of the database to be restored, and backup.sql is the name of the backup file.