{"id":840,"date":"2022-12-27T21:49:19","date_gmt":"2023-04-10T15:24:35","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.silicloud.com\/zh\/blog\/index.php\/2023\/11\/30\/%e5%9c%a8java%e4%b8%ad%e7%9a%84tomcat-datasource-jndi%e7%a4%ba%e4%be%8b\/"},"modified":"2025-08-03T12:16:18","modified_gmt":"2025-08-03T04:16:18","slug":"%e5%9c%a8java%e4%b8%ad%e7%9a%84tomcat-datasource-jndi%e7%a4%ba%e4%be%8b","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.silicloud.com\/zh\/blog\/%e5%9c%a8java%e4%b8%ad%e7%9a%84tomcat-datasource-jndi%e7%a4%ba%e4%be%8b\/","title":{"rendered":"Java Tomcat\u914d\u7f6eJNDI\u6570\u636e\u6e90\u5b8c\u6574\u6559\u7a0b\u4e0e\u793a\u4f8b"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u6b22\u8fce\u6765\u5230Tomcat DataSource JNDI\u793a\u4f8b\u6559\u7a0b\u3002\u5728\u4e0a\u4e00\u7bc7\u6559\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u8ba8\u8bba\u4e86JDBC DataSource\uff0c\u5e76\u5b66\u4e60\u4e86\u5982\u4f55\u5728\u72ec\u7acb\u7684Java\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528\u5b83\u3002<\/p>\n

Tomcat\u6570\u636e\u6e90JNDI<\/h2>\n

\u5f53\u6211\u4eec\u5c06DataSource\u4e0eJNDI\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\u4e00\u8d77\u4f7f\u7528\u65f6\uff0c\u5b83\u7684\u5b9e\u9645\u597d\u5904\u5c31\u663e\u73b0\u51fa\u6765\u4e86\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5728\u90e8\u7f72\u5728Servlet\u5bb9\u5668\u4e2d\u7684Web\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528\u8fde\u63a5\u6c60\u3002\u5927\u591a\u6570\u6d41\u884c\u7684Servlet\u5bb9\u5668\u901a\u8fc7\u8d44\u6e90\u914d\u7f6e\u548cJNDI\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u5185\u7f6e\u7684DataSource\u652f\u6301\u3002\u8fd9\u5e2e\u52a9\u6211\u4eec\u901a\u8fc7\u53ea\u9700\u5c11\u91cf\u914d\u7f6e\u6765\u521b\u5efa\u548c\u4f7f\u7528DataSource\u8fde\u63a5\u6c60\u3002\u672c\u6559\u7a0b\u65e8\u5728\u63d0\u4f9bTomcat DataSource JNDI\u914d\u7f6e\u793a\u4f8b\u3002Apache Tomcat\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e09\u79cd\u5728JNDI\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\u4e2d\u914d\u7f6eDataSource\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4e09\u79cd\u914d\u7f6e\u65b9\u5f0f<\/h3>\n
    \n
  1. \u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8fcontext.xml<\/strong> – \u8fd9\u662f\u914d\u7f6eDataSource\u6700\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ea\u9700\u8981\u5728META-INF\u76ee\u5f55\u4e2d\u6709\u4e00\u4e2acontext.xml\u6587\u4ef6\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u5fc5\u987b\u5728context\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u5b9a\u4e49Resource\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u5bb9\u5668\u4f1a\u8d1f\u8d23\u52a0\u8f7d\u548c\u914d\u7f6e\u5b83\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u5f88\u7b80\u5355\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u5b83\u6709\u4e00\u4e9b\u7f3a\u70b9\uff1a\n
      \n
    • \u7531\u4e8econtext\u6587\u4ef6\u4e0eWAR\u6587\u4ef6\u6346\u7ed1\u5728\u4e00\u8d77\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u6bcf\u6b21\u8fdb\u884c\u5c0f\u7684\u914d\u7f6e\u66f4\u6539\u90fd\u9700\u8981\u6784\u5efa\u548c\u90e8\u7f72\u65b0\u7684WAR\u6587\u4ef6\u3002\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5728\u5206\u5e03\u5f0f\u73af\u5883\u4e2d\u8fd0\u884c\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u4f60\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u9700\u8981\u90e8\u7f72\u5728\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u6d4b\u8bd5\u73af\u5883\uff08\u5982QA\u3001IT\u3001PROD\u7b49\uff09\u4e2d\uff0c\u90fd\u4f1a\u9047\u5230\u540c\u6837\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u3002<\/li>\n
    • datasource\u662f\u7531\u5bb9\u5668\u4e3a\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4f7f\u7528\u800c\u521b\u5efa\u7684\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u65e0\u6cd5\u5168\u5c40\u5171\u4eab\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u4e0d\u80fd\u5728\u591a\u4e2a\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4e4b\u95f4\u5171\u4eabdatasource\u3002<\/li>\n
    • \u5982\u679c\u5168\u5c40datasource\uff08server.xml\uff09\u4f7f\u7528\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u540d\u79f0\u5b9a\u4e49\uff0c\u5219\u4f1a\u5ffd\u7565\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684datasource\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n
    • \u670d\u52a1\u5668context.xml<\/strong> – \u5982\u679c\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e2d\u6709\u591a\u4e2a\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\uff0c\u800c\u60a8\u5e0c\u671b\u5728\u5b83\u4eec\u4e4b\u95f4\u5171\u4eabDataSource\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u670d\u52a1\u5668context.xml\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u5b9a\u4e49\u3002\u6b64\u6587\u4ef6\u4f4d\u4e8eapache-tomcat\/conf\u76ee\u5f55\u4e2d\u3002\u670d\u52a1\u5668context.xml\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u8303\u56f4\u662f\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7ea7\u522b\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u5982\u679c\u60a8\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u62e5\u6709100\u4e2a\u8fde\u63a5\u7684DataSource\u8fde\u63a5\u6c60\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u670920\u4e2a\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u5c06\u4e3a\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2adatasource\u3002\u8fd9\u5c06\u5bfc\u81f42000\u4e2a\u8fde\u63a5\uff0c\u663e\u7136\u4f1a\u6d88\u8017\u6240\u6709\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u8d44\u6e90\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u4f1a\u5f71\u54cd\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u6027\u80fd\u3002<\/li>\n
    • server.xml\u548ccontext.xml<\/strong> – \u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u5728server.xml\u7684GlobalNamingResources\u5143\u7d20\u4e2d\u5b9a\u4e49\u5b83\u4eec\uff0c\u5728\u5168\u5c40\u7ea7\u522b\u5b9a\u4e49DataSource\u3002\u5982\u679c\u6211\u4eec\u4f7f\u7528\u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u5728\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u6216\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7279\u5b9a\u7684context.xml\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e00\u4e2aResourceLink\u3002\u5f53\u60a8\u5e0c\u671b\u5728\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e0a\u8fd0\u884c\u7684\u591a\u4e2a\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4e4b\u95f4\u5171\u4eab\u4e00\u4e2a\u516c\u5171\u8d44\u6e90\u6c60\u65f6\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u9996\u9009\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002\u81f3\u4e8e\u8d44\u6e90\u94fe\u63a5\uff0c\u662f\u5728\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7ea7\u522b\u7684context xml\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u5b9a\u4e49\u8fd8\u662f\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7ea7\u522b\uff0c\u8fd9\u53d6\u51b3\u4e8e\u60a8\u7684\u8981\u6c42\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

      \u8ba9\u6211\u4eec\u8f6c\u5230Java Web\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4e2d\u7684Tomcat DataSource JNDI\u793a\u4f8b\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u6d4b\u8bd5\u6570\u636e\u8bbe\u7f6e\uff0c\u8bf7\u53c2\u8003\u6211\u4e0a\u4e00\u7bc7\u5173\u4e8eJDBC DataSource\u793a\u4f8b\u7684\u6587\u7ae0\u3002<\/p>\n

      Tomcat \u6570\u636e\u6e90 JNDI \u914d\u7f6e\u793a\u4f8b – server.xml<\/h3>\n

      \u5728tomcat\u7684server.xml\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u6dfb\u52a0\u4e0b\u9762\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u3002\u4ee3\u7801\u5e94\u8be5\u6dfb\u52a0\u5728GlobalNamingResources\u5143\u7d20\u4e2d\u3002\u8fd8\u9700\u8981\u786e\u4fdd\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u9a71\u52a8\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5b58\u5728\u4e8etomcat\u7684lib\u76ee\u5f55\u4e2d\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0bmysql jdbc jar\u5fc5\u987b\u5b58\u5728\u4e8etomcat lib\u4e2d\u3002<\/p>\n

      <Resource name=\"jdbc\/MyDB\" \r\n      global=\"jdbc\/MyDB\" \r\n      auth=\"Container\" \r\n      type=\"javax.sql.DataSource\" \r\n      driverClassName=\"com.mysql.jdbc.Driver\" \r\n      url=\"jdbc:mysql:\/\/localhost:3306\/UserDB\" \r\n      username=\"scdev\" \r\n      password=\"scdev123\" \r\n      \r\n      maxActive=\"100\" \r\n      maxIdle=\"20\" \r\n      minIdle=\"5\" \r\n      maxWait=\"10000\"\/>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
      \u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u901a\u8fc7\u540d\u4e3a”jdbc\/MyDB”\u7684JNDI\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\u521b\u5efa\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2aDataSource\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u5bf9\u8c61\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u5728url\u3001username\u3001password\u548cdriverClassName\u5c5e\u6027\u4e2d\u4f20\u9012\u4e86\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u7684\u914d\u7f6e\u4fe1\u606f\u3002\u8fde\u63a5\u6c60\u7684\u5c5e\u6027\u5728maxActive\u3001maxIdle\u548cminIdle\u5c5e\u6027\u4e2d\u8fdb\u884c\u4e86\u5b9a\u4e49\u3002<\/p>\n
      Tomcat\u6570\u636e\u6e90JNDI\u8d44\u6e90\u94fe\u63a5\u914d\u7f6e- context.xml<\/h3>\n
      \u5728\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684context.xml\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u6dfb\u52a0\u4e0b\u9762\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u3002<\/p>\n
      <ResourceLink name=\"jdbc\/MyLocalDB\"\r\n                global=\"jdbc\/MyDB\"\r\n                auth=\"Container\"\r\n                type=\"javax.sql.DataSource\" \/>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
      \u8bf7\u6ce8\u610f\uff0c\u8d44\u6e90\u94fe\u63a5\u540d\u79f0\u4e0e\u5168\u5c40\u94fe\u63a5\u540d\u79f0\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5fc5\u987b\u5728\u6211\u4eec\u7684Java\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528\u8be5\u540d\u79f0\u6765\u83b7\u53d6\u6570\u636e\u6e90\u3002<\/p>\n
      Tomcat\u6570\u636e\u6e90JNDI\u793a\u4f8b<\/h3>\n
      \u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u540d\u4e3aJDBCDataSourceTomcat\u7684\u52a8\u6001\u7f51\u9875\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u4f7f\u7528\u4ee5\u4e0b\u4ee3\u7801\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2aServlet\u3002<\/p>\n
      package com.Olivia.jdbc.datasource;\r\n\r\nimport java.io.IOException;\r\nimport java.io.PrintWriter;\r\nimport java.sql.Connection;\r\nimport java.sql.ResultSet;\r\nimport java.sql.SQLException;\r\nimport java.sql.Statement;\r\n\r\nimport javax.naming.Context;\r\nimport javax.naming.InitialContext;\r\nimport javax.naming.NamingException;\r\nimport javax.servlet.ServletException;\r\nimport javax.servlet.annotation.WebServlet;\r\nimport javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;\r\nimport javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;\r\nimport javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;\r\nimport javax.sql.DataSource;\r\n\r\n@WebServlet(\"\/JDBCDataSourceExample\")\r\npublic class JDBCDataSourceExample extends HttpServlet {\r\n\tprivate static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;\r\n       \r\n\tprotected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {\r\n\t\tContext ctx = null;\r\n\t\tConnection con = null;\r\n\t\tStatement stmt = null;\r\n\t\tResultSet rs = null;\r\n\t\ttry{\r\n\t\t\tctx = new InitialContext();\r\n\t\t\tDataSource ds = (DataSource) ctx.lookup(\"java:\/comp\/env\/jdbc\/MyLocalDB\");\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\tcon = ds.getConnection();\r\n\t\t\tstmt = con.createStatement();\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\trs = stmt.executeQuery(\"select empid, name from Employee\");\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\tPrintWriter out = response.getWriter();\r\n            response.setContentType(\"text\/html\");\r\n            out.print(\"<html><body><h2>Employee Details<\/h2>\");\r\n            out.print(\"<table border=\\\"1\\\" cellspacing=10 cellpadding=5>\");\r\n            out.print(\"<th>Employee ID<\/th>\");\r\n            out.print(\"<th>Employee Name<\/th>\");\r\n            \r\n            while(rs.next())\r\n            {\r\n                out.print(\"<tr>\");\r\n                out.print(\"<td>\" + rs.getInt(\"empid\") + \"<\/td>\");\r\n                out.print(\"<td>\" + rs.getString(\"name\") + \"<\/td>\");\r\n                out.print(\"<\/tr>\");\r\n            }\r\n            out.print(\"<\/table><\/body><br\/>\");\r\n            \r\n            \/\/lets print some DB information\r\n            out.print(\"<h3>Database Details<\/h3>\");\r\n            out.print(\"Database Product: \"+con.getMetaData().getDatabaseProductName()+\"<br\/>\");\r\n            out.print(\"Database Driver: \"+con.getMetaData().getDriverName());\r\n            out.print(\"<\/html>\");\r\n            \r\n\t\t}catch(NamingException e){\r\n\t\t\te.printStackTrace();\r\n\t\t} catch (SQLException e) {\r\n\t\t\te.printStackTrace();\r\n\t\t}finally{\r\n\t\t\ttry {\r\n\t\t\t\trs.close();\r\n\t\t\t\tstmt.close();\r\n\t\t\t\tcon.close();\r\n\t\t\t\tctx.close();\r\n\t\t\t} catch (SQLException e) {\r\n\t\t\t\tSystem.out.println(\"Exception in closing DB resources\");\r\n\t\t\t} catch (NamingException e) {\r\n\t\t\t\tSystem.out.println(\"Exception in closing Context\");\r\n\t\t\t}\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\t\t}\r\n\t}\r\n\r\n}\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
      \u8bf7\u6ce8\u610f\u6211\u6b63\u5728\u4f7f\u7528\u57fa\u4e8eServlet 3\u7684\u6ce8\u89e3\u914d\u7f6e\uff0c\u5b83\u9002\u7528\u4e8eTomcat 7\u6216\u66f4\u9ad8\u7248\u672c\u3002\u5982\u679c\u60a8\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u662f\u8f83\u4f4e\u7248\u672c\u7684Tomcat\uff0c\u5219\u9700\u8981\u5bf9Servlet\u4ee3\u7801\u8fdb\u884c\u4e00\u4e9b\u4fee\u6539\uff0c\u4ee5\u5220\u9664WebServlet\u6ce8\u89e3\u5e76\u5728web.xml\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u8fdb\u884c\u914d\u7f6e\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u611f\u5174\u8da3\u7684\u662fServlet\u4ee3\u7801\u7684\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u3002<\/p>\n
      ctx = new InitialContext();\r\nDataSource ds = (DataSource) ctx.lookup(\"java:\/comp\/env\/jdbc\/MyLocalDB\");\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
      \u8fd9\u662f\u83b7\u53d6\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4f7f\u7528\u7684JNDI\u8d44\u6e90\u5b9a\u4e49\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u4ee5\u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u5f0f\u5199\u51fa\u6765\u3002<\/p>\n
      ctx = new InitialContext();\r\nContext initCtx  = (Context) ctx.lookup(\"java:\/comp\/env\");\r\nDataSource ds = (DataSource) initCtx.lookup(\"jdbc\/MyLocalDB\");\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
      \u6211\u8fd8\u5728\u6253\u5370\u4e00\u4e9b\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u4fe1\u606f\u6765\u68c0\u67e5\u6211\u4eec\u8fde\u63a5\u7684\u662f\u54ea\u4e2a\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u3002\u73b0\u5728\u5f53\u4f60\u8fd0\u884c\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u65f6\uff0c\u4f60\u4f1a\u770b\u5230\u4ee5\u4e0b\u7684\u8f93\u51fa\u3002\u8ba9\u6211\u4eec\u770b\u770b\u5207\u6362\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u6709\u591a\u7b80\u5355\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u6211\u4eec\u6b63\u5728\u4f7f\u7528Tomcat\u6570\u636e\u6e90\u3002\u4f60\u53ea\u9700\u8981\u4fee\u6539\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u5c5e\u6027\u5373\u53ef\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\u5982\u679c\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u5207\u6362\u5230Oracle\u6570\u636e\u5e93\uff0c\u6211\u7684\u8d44\u6e90\u914d\u7f6e\u5c06\u5982\u4e0b\u6240\u793a\u3002<\/p>\n
      <Resource name=\"jdbc\/MyDB\" \r\n      global=\"jdbc\/MyDB\" \r\n      auth=\"Container\" \r\n      type=\"javax.sql.DataSource\" \r\n      driverClassName=\"oracle.jdbc.driver.OracleDriver\" \r\n      url=\"jdbc:oracle:thin:@localhost:1521:orcl\" \r\n      username=\"hr\" \r\n      password=\"oracle\" \r\n      \r\n      maxActive=\"100\" \r\n      maxIdle=\"20\" \r\n      minIdle=\"5\" \r\n      maxWait=\"10000\"\/>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
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