{"id":750,"date":"2022-12-23T12:36:31","date_gmt":"2023-05-28T17:42:50","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.silicloud.com\/zh\/blog\/index.php\/2023\/11\/30\/jdbc%e6%95%99%e7%a8%8b\/"},"modified":"2025-08-03T06:10:12","modified_gmt":"2025-08-02T22:10:12","slug":"jdbc%e6%95%99%e7%a8%8b","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.silicloud.com\/zh\/blog\/jdbc%e6%95%99%e7%a8%8b\/","title":{"rendered":"Java JDBC\u6559\u7a0b\uff1a\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u8fde\u63a5\u5b8c\u5168\u6307\u5357"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u8fd9\u662f\u6587\u7ae0\u300aJDBC\u6559\u7a0b\u300b\u7684\u7b2c1\u90e8\u5206\uff08\u51711\u90e8\u5206\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n

\u6b22\u8fce\u6765\u5230JDBC\u6559\u7a0b\u3002Java\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u8fde\u63a5\uff08JDBC\uff09\u662f\u4f01\u4e1a\u5e94\u7528\u4e2d\u6700\u5e7f\u6cdb\u4f7f\u7528\u7684API\u4e4b\u4e00\u3002\u8fd9\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u5927\u591a\u6570\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u90fd\u4f7f\u7528\u67d0\u79cd\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u8fde\u63a5\u3002\u6211\u6700\u8fd1\u53d1\u5e03\u4e86\u8bb8\u591a\u4e0e\u57fa\u672cJDBC\u3001\u6570\u636e\u6e90\u4ee5\u53ca\u5176\u4e0eSpring\u6846\u67b6\u7684\u96c6\u6210\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u6559\u7a0b\u3002<\/p>\n

JDBC\u6559\u7a0b<\/h2>\n

\u8fd9\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u7d22\u5f15\u8d34\uff0c\u5217\u51fa\u4e86\u6211\u4e4b\u524d\u53d1\u5e03\u7684\u6240\u6709JDBC\u6559\u7a0b\u3002\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u5bf9JDBC\u4e0d\u592a\u719f\u6089\uff0c\u4e3a\u4e86\u66f4\u597d\u7684\u7406\u89e3\uff0c\u4f60\u5e94\u8be5\u6309\u987a\u5e8f\u9605\u8bfb\u8fd9\u4e9bJDBC\u6559\u7a0b\u3002<\/p>\n

    \n
  1. \n

    Java\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u8fde\u63a5\uff08JDBC\uff09API\u53ef\u4ee5\u5e2e\u52a9\u6211\u4eec\u7f16\u5199\u4e0e\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u9a71\u52a8\u7a0b\u5e8f\u89e3\u8026\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u3002\u672c\u6587\u4ecb\u7ecd\u4e86\u4e0d\u540c\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u9a71\u52a8\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4ee5\u53ca\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u6700\u5e38\u4f7f\u7528\u54ea\u79cd\u9a71\u52a8\u7a0b\u5e8f\u3002\u8fd9\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5f88\u597d\u7684\u5165\u95e8\u6587\u7ae0\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5b66\u4e60\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u8fde\u63a5\u3001\u8bed\u53e5\u548c\u7ed3\u679c\u96c6\u4ee5\u53ca\u5b83\u4eec\u5982\u4f55\u534f\u540c\u6267\u884c\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002\u672c\u6587\u8fd8\u5c55\u793a\u4e86\u5982\u4f55\u7f16\u5199JDBC\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4ee5\u4fbf\u4f7f\u5176\u4e0e\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u9a71\u52a8\u7a0b\u5e8f\u89e3\u8026\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u4ec5\u8fdb\u884c\u914d\u7f6e\u66f4\u6539\u5c31\u80fd\u8f7b\u677e\u5730\u4ece\u4e00\u4e2a\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5207\u6362\u5230\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

    JDBC\u8bed\u53e5\uff08Statement\uff09\u4e0e\u9884\u5904\u7406\u8bed\u53e5\uff08PreparedStatement\uff09<\/h3>\n

    JDBC API\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e24\u79cd\u4e0e\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u901a\u4fe1\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f-\u8bed\u53e5\uff08Statement\uff09\u548c\u9884\u5904\u7406\u8bed\u53e5\uff08PreparedStatement\uff09\u3002\u8bed\u53e5\u6613\u4e8e\u4f7f\u7528\uff0c\u4f46\u5bb9\u6613\u5f15\u53d1SQL\u6ce8\u5165\u653b\u51fb\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u975e\u5e38\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u9ed1\u5ba2\u5165\u4fb5\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002\u672c\u6587\u6e05\u695a\u5730\u5c55\u793a\u4e86\u5982\u4f55\u901a\u8fc7SQL\u8bed\u53e5\u6267\u884cSQL\u6ce8\u5165\u653b\u51fb\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u6211\u4eec\u5e94\u8be5\u4f7f\u7528\u9884\u5904\u7406\u8bed\u53e5\uff08PreparedStatement\uff09\u6765\u907f\u514dSQL\u6ce8\u5165\u653b\u51fb\u3002\u672c\u6587\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u89e3\u91ca\u4e86\u4f7f\u7528\u9884\u5904\u7406\u8bed\u53e5\u76f8\u6bd4\u4f7f\u7528\u8bed\u53e5\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u597d\u5904\uff0c\u5982\u7f13\u5b58\u3001\u9762\u5411\u5bf9\u8c61\u7f16\u7a0b\u548c\u4ee3\u7801\u4f18\u96c5\u7b49\u3002<\/p>\n

    JDBC\u9884\u5904\u7406\u8bed\u53e5\uff08PreparedStatement\uff09\u7684IN\u5b50\u53e5\u66ff\u4ee3\u65b9\u6cd5<\/h3>\n

    \u7531\u4e8eJDBC\u9884\u5904\u7406\u8bed\u53e5\u662f\u9884\u7f16\u8bd1\u7684\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u6211\u4eec\u4e0d\u80fd\u5728\u5176\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528IN\u5b50\u53e5\u3002\u4e0e\u5176\u8fd4\u56de\u5230\u8bed\u53e5\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u4e00\u4e9b\u66ff\u4ee3\u65b9\u6cd5\u6765\u89e3\u51b3\u9884\u5904\u7406\u8bed\u53e5\u7684\u8fd9\u4e9b\u7f3a\u70b9\u3002\u672c\u6587\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u56db\u79cd\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u66ff\u4ee3\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u9884\u5904\u7406\u8bed\u53e5\u652f\u6301IN\u5b50\u53e5\u3002\u60a8\u5e94\u8be5\u9605\u8bfb\u672c\u6587\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u60a8\u6c38\u8fdc\u4e0d\u77e5\u9053\u60a8\u4f55\u65f6\u4f1a\u9700\u8981\u5b83\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u8fd9\u662f\u4e0eJDBC\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u6700\u5e38\u95ee\u7684\u9762\u8bd5\u95ee\u9898\u4e4b\u4e00\u3002<\/p>\n

    JDBC\u6279\u91cf\u5904\u7406<\/h3>\n

    \u5982\u679c\u60a8\u6b63\u5728\u5904\u7406\u5927\u91cf\u6570\u636e\u5e76\u4e14\u5fc5\u987b\u6267\u884c\u5927\u91cf\u7684\u67e5\u8be2\uff0c\u9010\u4e2a\u67e5\u8be2\u662f\u4e0d\u660e\u667a\u7684\u3002JDBC\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u6279\u91cf\u5904\u7406\u652f\u6301\uff0c\u5176\u901f\u5ea6\u6bd4\u9010\u4e2a\u67e5\u8be2\u66f4\u5feb\u5f97\u591a\u3002\u672c\u6587\u5411\u60a8\u5c55\u793a\u5982\u4f55\u7f16\u5199\u6279\u5904\u7406\u7a0b\u5e8f\u3002\u5b83\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u8ba8\u8bba\u4e86\u5982\u679c\u6279\u5904\u7406\u4e2d\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u67e5\u8be2\u5f15\u53d1\u5f02\u5e38\u65f6\u5e94\u8be5\u600e\u4e48\u529e\u3002<\/p>\n

    JDBC CallableStatement\u793a\u4f8b<\/h3>\n

    \u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528JDBC API\u4e2d\u7684CallableStatement\u6267\u884c\u5b58\u50a8\u8fc7\u7a0b\u3002Oracle\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u5b58\u50a8\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u6e38\u6807\u548c\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u5bf9\u8c61\u6765\u8fdb\u884c\u8f93\u5165\/\u8f93\u51fa\u53c2\u6570\u4f20\u9012\u3002\u672c\u6559\u7a0b\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5185\u5bb9\u7684\u5177\u4f53\u8be6\u7ec6\u4fe1\u606f\u4ee5\u53ca\u793a\u4f8b\u7a0b\u5e8f\u3002<\/p>\n

    JDBC\u6570\u636e\u6e90\u793a\u4f8b<\/h3>\n

    \u5927\u591a\u6570\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u90fd\u4e0d\u53ea\u662f\u9700\u8981\u4e00\u4e2a\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u8fde\u63a5\u3002\u521b\u5efa\u8fde\u63a5\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u7e41\u91cd\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\uff0c\u8ba9\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u6bcf\u4e2a\u90e8\u5206\u90fd\u521b\u5efa\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u8fde\u63a5\u5e76\u4e0d\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u597d\u4e3b\u610f\u3002\u8fd9\u53ef\u80fd\u5bfc\u81f4\u8d44\u6e90\u532e\u4e4f\u548c\u6027\u80fd\u4e0b\u964d\u3002\u8fd9\u5c31\u662f\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u5728\u5927\u591a\u6570\u4f01\u4e1a\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528\u8fde\u63a5\u6c60\u7684\u539f\u56e0\u3002\u5927\u591a\u6570\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u9a71\u52a8\u7a0b\u5e8f\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u53ef\u7528\u4e8e\u8fde\u63a5\u6c60\u7684DataSource\u5b9e\u73b0\u7c7b\u3002\u672c\u6559\u7a0b\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86MySQL\u548cOracle\u7684DataSource\u793a\u4f8b\u4ee5\u53ca\u5982\u4f55\u4f7f\u7528\u5b83\u4eec\u7684\u8be6\u7ec6\u4fe1\u606f\u3002\u8be5\u6587\u7ae0\u8fd8\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u5173\u4e8eApache DBCP\u7684\u8be6\u7ec6\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u5b83\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e0d\u540cDataSource\u5b9e\u73b0\u7684\u5305\u88c5\u5668\u5b9e\u73b0\u89e3\u8026\u3002<\/p>\n

    JDBC\u4e8b\u52a1\u7ba1\u7406<\/h3>\n

    \u4e8b\u52a1\u7ba1\u7406\u5728\u6267\u884c\u4e00\u7ec4\u67e5\u8be2\u65f6\u975e\u5e38\u91cd\u8981\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5e0c\u671b\u786e\u4fdd\u5b83\u4eec\u5168\u90e8\u6267\u884c\u6216\u5168\u90e8\u4e0d\u6267\u884c\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06\u8fde\u63a5\u7684\u81ea\u52a8\u63d0\u4ea4\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e3afalse\uff0c\u4ee5\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e8b\u52a1\u7ba1\u7406\u3002\u5982\u679c\u4e00\u5207\u6b63\u5e38\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u63d0\u4ea4\u4e8b\u52a1\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u6709\u4efb\u4f55\u5f02\u5e38\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u56de\u6eda\u6574\u4e2a\u4e8b\u52a1\u3002\u5b83\u8fd8\u5bf9\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u4fdd\u5b58\u70b9\u8fdb\u884c\u4e86\u89e3\u91ca\uff0c\u4ee5\u4fbf\u5728\u4e8b\u52a1\u4e2d\u56de\u6eda\u5230\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u70b9\u3002\u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06\u4fdd\u5b58\u70b9\u89c6\u4e3a\u4e8b\u52a1\u4e2d\u7684\u91cc\u7a0b\u7891\u3002<\/p>\n

    Tomcat JNDI\u6570\u636e\u6e90\u793a\u4f8b<\/h3>\n

    \u5927\u591a\u6570Servlet\u5bb9\u5668\u90fd\u652f\u6301JNDI\u8d44\u6e90\u7528\u4e8eDataSource\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u5b83\u4eec\u5c06\u4e8b\u52a1\u7ba1\u7406\u548c\u8fde\u63a5\u6c60\u4efb\u52a1\u59d4\u6258\u7ed9\u5bb9\u5668\u3002\u672c\u6587\u89e3\u91ca\u4e86\u5728Apache Tomcat\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e2d\u914d\u7f6eDataSource\u7684\u4e0d\u540c\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u5e76\u4f7f\u7528JNDI\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\u67e5\u627e\u83b7\u53d6DataSource\u5e76\u8fdb\u884c\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002<\/p>\n

    Spring JDBC\u548cJdbcTemplate\u793a\u4f8b<\/h3>\n

    \u672c\u6587\u8be6\u7ec6\u4ecb\u7ecd\u4e86JDBC\u4e0eSpring\u6846\u67b6\u7684\u96c6\u6210\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u9009\u62e9\u4f7f\u7528\u6807\u51c6\u7684JDBC API\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528Spring JdbcTemplate\u83b7\u5f97\u4e0eJDBC\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u6240\u6709\u6837\u677f\u4ee3\u7801\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u6253\u5f00\/\u5173\u95ed\u8fde\u63a5\u3001\u8bed\u53e5\u3001\u7ed3\u679c\u96c6\u7b49\u3002<\/p>\n

    Spring\u4e8b\u52a1\u7ba1\u7406<\/h3>\n

    Spring\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u5185\u7f6e\u7684\u4e8b\u52a1\u7ba1\u7406\u652f\u6301\u3002\u4e8b\u52a1\u7ba1\u7406\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u6a2a\u5207\u5173\u6ce8\u70b9\uff0c\u800cSpring AOP\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e0e\u58f0\u660e\u5f0f\u4e8b\u52a1\u7ba1\u7406\u975e\u5e38\u7b80\u5355\u548c\u4f18\u96c5\u3002\u4e00\u4e2a\u793a\u4f8b\u9879\u76ee\uff0c\u89e3\u91ca\u4e86Spring\u6846\u67b6\u4e2dJDBC\u64cd\u4f5c\u7684\u4e8b\u52a1\u7ba1\u7406\u7684\u4e0d\u540c\u65b9\u9762\u3002<\/p>\n

    Spring DataSource JNDI\u793a\u4f8b<\/h3>\n

    Spring\u6846\u67b6\u975e\u5e38\u53d7\u6b22\u8fce\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5b83\u4e3a\u5927\u591a\u6570\u5e38\u89c1\u4efb\u52a1\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u57fa\u4e8e\u914d\u7f6e\u7684\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6848\u3002\u8fd9\u5c31\u662f\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48spring\u6846\u67b6\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u914d\u7f6e\u6765\u67e5\u627eJNDI\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\u5e76\u83b7\u53d6\u7531servlet\u5bb9\u5668\u5b9a\u4e49\u7684DataSource\u7684\u539f\u56e0\u3002\u901a\u8fc7Spring MVC\u793a\u4f8b\u9879\u76ee\u7684\u6559\u7a0b\uff0c\u5411\u60a8\u5c55\u793a\u5982\u4f55\u8f7b\u677e\u5730\u5b8c\u6210\u8fd9\u4e00\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002<\/p>\n

    JSF JDBC\u96c6\u6210\u793a\u4f8b<\/h3>\n

    JSF\u662f\u6700\u5e7f\u6cdb\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u57fa\u4e8e\u7ec4\u4ef6\u7684\u6846\u67b6\u4e4b\u4e00\u3002\u672c\u6559\u7a0b\u89e3\u91ca\u4e86\u5982\u4f55\u5c06JDBC API\u4e0eJSF\u6846\u67b6\u96c6\u6210\u3002<\/p>\n

    JDBC\u9762\u8bd5\u95ee\u9898\u4e0e\u7b54\u6848<\/h3>\n

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