{"id":714,"date":"2023-08-13T14:45:35","date_gmt":"2023-10-07T15:10:24","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.silicloud.com\/zh\/blog\/index.php\/2023\/11\/30\/servlet-%e5%92%8c-jsp-%e6%95%99%e7%a8%8b\/"},"modified":"2025-08-03T04:33:55","modified_gmt":"2025-08-02T20:33:55","slug":"servlet-%e5%92%8c-jsp-%e6%95%99%e7%a8%8b","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.silicloud.com\/zh\/blog\/servlet-%e5%92%8c-jsp-%e6%95%99%e7%a8%8b\/","title":{"rendered":"Java Web\u5f00\u53d1\u5fc5\u5b66\uff1aServlet\u548cJSP\u5b8c\u6574\u6559\u7a0b\u6307\u5357"},"content":{"rendered":"

Servlet\u548cJSP\u6280\u672f\u662fJava EE\u7f16\u7a0b\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u3002\u6700\u8fd1\uff0c\u6211\u5199\u4e86\u5f88\u591a\u5173\u4e8eServlet\u548cJSP\u7f16\u7a0b\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\uff0c\u8fd9\u7bc7\u6587\u7ae0\u662fServlet JSP\u6559\u7a0b\u7684\u603b\u7ed3\uff0c\u6211\u4f1a\u6309\u7167\u9605\u8bfb\u987a\u5e8f\u63d0\u4f9b\u6240\u6709\u6587\u7ae0\u7684\u94fe\u63a5\u3002<\/p>\n

Servlet JSP \u6559\u7a0b<\/h2>\n

Java\u7f51\u7edc\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5165\u95e8\u6559\u7a0b<\/h3>\n

\u8fd9\u662fJava Web\u5e94\u7528\u6559\u7a0b\u4e2d\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u7bc7\u6587\u7ae0\uff0c\u4f60\u5c06\u5b66\u4e60\u5173\u4e8eWeb\u5e94\u7528\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u6982\u5ff5\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u5982\u4f55\u4f7f\u7528Eclipse\u521b\u5efa\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2aWeb\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u3002\u672c\u6587\u8be6\u7ec6\u4ecb\u7ecd\u4e86Web\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u3001\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u3001HTTP\u548cHTML\u3001URL\u3001Web\u5bb9\u5668\u3001Web\u5b58\u6863\u76ee\u5f55\u7ed3\u6784\u548c\u90e8\u7f72\u63cf\u8ff0\u7b26\u914d\u7f6e\u3002\u672c\u6587\u8fd8\u5305\u62ec\u4e86”Hello World” Servlet\u7684\u793a\u4f8b\u3002<\/p>\n

Java Servlet\u6559\u7a0b\uff0c\u9762\u5411\u521d\u5b66\u8005<\/h3>\n

\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6559\u7a0b\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u6709\u5173Servlet\u53ca\u5176\u4e0eCGI\u76f8\u6bd4\u7684\u4f18\u52bf\u7684\u8be6\u7ec6\u4fe1\u606f\u3002\u6587\u7ae0\u8be6\u7ec6\u4ecb\u7ecd\u4e86Servlet API\u53ca\u5176\u4e3b\u8981\u63a5\u53e3\u548c\u7c7b\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u8fd8\u7b80\u8981\u4ecb\u7ecd\u4e86Servlet 3\u6ce8\u89e3\uff0c\u8be5\u6ce8\u89e3\u5728\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u7684\u6559\u7a0b\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u8fd8\u5b66\u4e60\u4e86servlet\u5c5e\u6027\u5e76\u521b\u5efa\u4e86\u6211\u4eec\u7684Servlet\u767b\u5f55\u793a\u4f8b\u9879\u76ee\u3002<\/p>\n

Servlet\u4f1a\u8bdd\u7ba1\u7406<\/h3>\n

\u672c\u6587\u4ecb\u7ecd\u4e86\u4f1a\u8bdd\u548c\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u4f1a\u8bdd\u7ba1\u7406\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u5b66\u4e60\u5982\u4f55\u4f7f\u7528Cookies\u548cServlet API HttpSession\u63a5\u53e3\u6765\u7ef4\u6301\u7528\u6237\u4f1a\u8bdd\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u8fd8\u5c06\u5b66\u4e60\u5982\u4f55\u5728\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u7981\u7528Cookies\u65f6\u4f7f\u7528URL\u91cd\u5199\u6280\u672f\u8fdb\u884c\u4f1a\u8bdd\u7ba1\u7406\u3002<\/p>\n

Servlet \u8fc7\u6ee4\u5668<\/h3>\n

\u4e86\u89e3Servlet\u8fc7\u6ee4\u5668\u548c\u5982\u4f55\u4f7f\u7528\u5b83\u6765\u62e6\u622a\u8bf7\u6c42\u548c\u54cd\u5e94\u5bf9\u8c61\uff0c\u5e76\u5728\u5176\u4e4b\u95f4\u8fdb\u884c\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002\u672c\u6587\u4ecb\u7ecd\u4e86\u8fc7\u6ee4\u5668\u63a5\u53e3\u3001WebFilter\u6ce8\u89e3\u3001\u5728web.xml\u4e2d\u914d\u7f6eServlet\u8fc7\u6ee4\u5668\u4ee5\u53ca\u4f7f\u7528\u8fc7\u6ee4\u5668\u8bb0\u5f55\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u8bf7\u6c42\u548c\u4f1a\u8bdd\u9a8c\u8bc1\u7684\u793a\u4f8b\u3002<\/p>\n

Servlet\u76d1\u542c\u5668<\/h3>\n

\u5728\u672c\u6587\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5bf9Servlet\u76d1\u542c\u5668\u53ca\u5176\u4f18\u52bf\u8fdb\u884c\u4e86\u63a2\u8ba8\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u5b66\u4e60\u4e86Servlet\u76d1\u542c\u5668\u63a5\u53e3\u548c\u4e8b\u4ef6\u5bf9\u8c61\uff0c\u5e76\u901a\u8fc7\u4e00\u4e2a\u793a\u4f8b\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4e86\u89e3\u4e86ServletContextListener\u3001ServletContextAttributeListener\u3001HttpSessionListener\u548cServletRequestListener\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u793a\u4f8b\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5728Servlet\u4e2d\u7684Cookies<\/h3>\n

\u5728\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u901a\u4fe1\u4e2d\uff0c\u7ecf\u5e38\u4f7f\u7528Cookie\u3002Servlet API\u7684HttpSession\u4f7f\u7528Cookie\u6765\u8fdb\u884c\u4f1a\u8bdd\u7ba1\u7406\u3002\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u5b66\u4e60Servlet Cookie\u7c7b\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u5982\u4f55\u4f7f\u7528\u5b83\u5728\u54cd\u5e94\u4e2d\u6dfb\u52a0Cookie\uff0c\u5e76\u901a\u8fc7\u793a\u4f8b\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4ece\u8bf7\u6c42\u5bf9\u8c61\u83b7\u53d6Cookie\u7684\u8be6\u7ec6\u4fe1\u606f\u3002<\/p>\n

Servlet\u5f02\u5e38\u5904\u7406<\/h3>\n

\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u63a2\u8ba8\u4e86\u5f02\u5e38\u5904\u7406\u5668Servlet\uff0c\u5b83\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u6765\u751f\u6210\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u7684\u9519\u8bef\u6d88\u606f\uff0c\u5728Servlet\u670d\u52a1\u65b9\u6cd5\u629b\u51fa\u5f02\u5e38\u65f6\u53d1\u9001\u7ed9\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u3002<\/p>\n

Servlet\u6587\u4ef6\u4e0a\u4f20\u4e0b\u8f7d\u793a\u4f8b<\/h3>\n

\u5728\u7f51\u9875\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4e2d\uff0c\u4e0a\u4f20\u6587\u4ef6\u548c\u4e0b\u8f7d\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u573a\u666f\u975e\u5e38\u5e38\u89c1\u3002\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u5b66\u4e60\u5982\u4f55\u4f7f\u7528Apache Commons FileUpload API\u4ece\u672c\u5730\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e0a\u4f20\u6587\u4ef6\u5230\u670d\u52a1\u5668\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u5982\u4f55\u4f7f\u7528Servlet\u4e0b\u8f7d\u6587\u4ef6\u5e76\u5c06\u5b9e\u9645\u6587\u4ef6\u4f4d\u7f6e\u9690\u85cf\u4e0d\u8ba9\u7528\u6237\u77e5\u9053\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4f7f\u7528MultipartConfig\u6ce8\u89e3\u548cPart\u63a5\u53e3\u5b9e\u73b0Servlet 3\u6587\u4ef6\u4e0a\u4f20\u3002<\/h3>\n

Servlet 3\u89c4\u8303\u65b0\u589e\u4e86\u5bf9\u6587\u4ef6\u4e0a\u4f20\u529f\u80fd\u7684\u652f\u6301\uff0c\u65e0\u9700\u4f7f\u7528\u4efb\u4f55\u7b2c\u4e09\u65b9API\u3002\u672c\u7bc7\u6587\u7ae0\u8be6\u7ec6\u89e3\u91ca\u4e86\u5982\u4f55\u5229\u7528Servlet API\u7684MultipartConfig\u6ce8\u89e3\u3001Part\u63a5\u53e3\u548cHttpServletRequest\u65b9\u6cd5\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\u6587\u4ef6\u4e0a\u4f20\u5230\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u3002<\/p>\n

Servlet\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u8fde\u63a5\u548cLog4j\u7684\u6574\u5408<\/h3>\n

\u5927\u591a\u6570\u7f51\u7edc\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u90fd\u4f1a\u8fde\u63a5\u5230\u6570\u636e\u5e93\uff0c\u5e76\u4f7f\u7528log4j\u8fdb\u884c\u65e5\u5fd7\u8bb0\u5f55\u3002\u8fd9\u7bc7\u975e\u5e38\u8be6\u7ec6\u7684\u6587\u7ae0\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u5b8c\u6574\u7684\u793a\u4f8b\uff0c\u5c55\u793a\u4e86\u6211\u4eec\u5982\u4f55\u4f7f\u7528\u76d1\u542c\u5668\u548cservlet\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\u5c5e\u6027\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u8fde\u63a5\u4ee5\u53ca\u65e5\u5fd7\u8bb0\u5f55\u4e0elog4j\u96c6\u6210\u7684\u793a\u4f8b\u9879\u76ee\u3002<\/p>\n

Tomcat \u6570\u636e\u6e90 JNDI \u793a\u4f8b<\/h3>\n

\u5927\u591a\u6570\u7f51\u7edc\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4f7f\u7528\u4e00\u4e9b\u5173\u7cfb\u578b\u6570\u636e\u5e93\uff0c\u800cDataSource\u662f\u83b7\u53d6\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u8fde\u63a5\u7684\u9996\u9009\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002\u672c\u6587\u5c06\u4e3a\u60a8\u89e3\u91ca\u5728Tomcat\u5bb9\u5668\u4e2d\u914d\u7f6eDataSource\u7684\u4e0d\u540c\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u5728\u57fa\u4e8eServlet\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4e2d\u5982\u4f55\u4f7f\u7528\u5b83\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4f7f\u7528Servlet Web\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u96c6\u6210Spring Security<\/h3>\n

\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528Spring Security\u6a21\u5757\u6765\u5728\u57fa\u4e8eServlet\u7684Web\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4e2d\u5b9e\u73b0\u8eab\u4efd\u9a8c\u8bc1\u548c\u6388\u6743\u3002\u672c\u6559\u7a0b\u5c06\u5411\u60a8\u5c55\u793a\u5982\u4f55\u901a\u8fc7\u4e00\u4e2a\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u793a\u4f8b\u6765\u5b8c\u6210\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8fc7\u7a0b\u3002<\/p>\n

Hibernate Servlet DataSource \u793a\u4f8b<\/h3>\n

Hibernate\u662f\u6700\u5e7f\u6cdb\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u57fa\u4e8eJava\u7684ORM\u5de5\u5177\u4e4b\u4e00\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u8f7b\u677e\u5730\u5c06\u5176\u96c6\u6210\u5230\u57fa\u4e8eservlet\u7684Web\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4e2d\u3002\u672c\u6559\u7a0b\u4e3a\u60a8\u63d0\u4f9b\u6709\u5173Hibernate\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u5982\u4f55\u8f7b\u677e\u5730\u4f7f\u7528Tomcat\u5bb9\u5668\u7684JNDI\u6570\u636e\u6e90\u96c6\u6210\u5230\u6211\u4eec\u7684Web\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4e2d\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5f02\u6b65Servlet<\/h3>\n

Servlet 3\u5728Servlet\u4e2d\u5f15\u5165\u4e86\u5f02\u6b65\u652f\u6301\uff0c\u5bf9\u4e8e\u957f\u65f6\u95f4\u8fd0\u884c\u7684servlet\u6765\u8bf4\u975e\u5e38\u6709\u5e2e\u52a9\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u5f02\u6b65servlet\u5c06\u5904\u7406\u4efb\u52a1\u8f6c\u79fb\u5230\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u4e0a\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u7f16\u5199\u793a\u4f8b\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5b66\u4e60\u5f02\u6b65servlet\u7684\u5b9e\u73b0\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002<\/p>\n

Servelt\u9762\u8bd5\u95ee\u9898<\/h3>\n

\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6536\u85cf\u5305\u542b\u4e8650\u4e2a\u6709\u8be6\u7ec6\u56de\u7b54\u7684Servlet\u9762\u8bd5\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5e2e\u52a9\u4f60\u5728Java EE\u9762\u8bd5\u4e2d\u53d6\u5f97\u6210\u529f\u3002\u5efa\u8bae\u5148\u5b66\u4e60\u6559\u7a0b\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u5c1d\u8bd5\u81ea\u5df1\u56de\u7b54\u8fd9\u4e9b\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u4ee5\u68c0\u67e5\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u7406\u89e3\u7a0b\u5ea6\u3002<\/p>\n

JSP\u6559\u7a0b<\/h2>\n

\u521d\u5b66\u8005\u7684JSP\u793a\u4f8b\u6559\u7a0b<\/h3>\n

\u8fd9\u662f JSP \u7cfb\u5217\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u7bc7\u6587\u7ae0\u3002\u8be5\u6587\u7ae0\u89e3\u91ca\u4e86 JSP \u7684\u57fa\u672c\u6982\u5ff5\u548c\u5176\u76f8\u5bf9\u4e8e servlet \u7684\u4f18\u52bf\uff0cJSP API \u63a5\u53e3\u3001JSP \u751f\u547d\u5468\u671f\u9636\u6bb5\u548c\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0cJSP \u6ce8\u91ca\uff0cJSP \u811a\u672c\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u811a\u672c\u5757\uff0cJSP \u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\uff0cJSP \u6307\u4ee4\uff0cJSP \u58f0\u660e\uff0cJSP \u5c5e\u6027\u4ee5\u53ca\u901a\u8fc7\u793a\u4f8b\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5c06 JSP \u8f6c\u6362\u4e3a Servlet \u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u3002\u5982\u679c\u60a8\u5bf9 JSP \u8fd8\u4e0d\u719f\u6089\u5e76\u60f3\u8981\u5b66\u4e60\u5176\u57fa\u7840\u77e5\u8bc6\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5f88\u597d\u7684\u5165\u95e8\u6587\u7ae0\u3002<\/p>\n

JSP \u9690\u5f0f\u5bf9\u8c61<\/h3>\n

JSP \u7684 service \u65b9\u6cd5\u5728\u5f00\u59cb\u65f6\u521b\u5efa\u4e86 9 \u4e2a\u5bf9\u8c61\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u76f4\u63a5\u5728 JSP \u811a\u672c\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528\u5b83\u4eec\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u88ab\u79f0\u4e3a JSP \u9690\u5f0f\u5bf9\u8c61\u3002\u672c\u6587\u8be6\u7ec6\u4ecb\u7ecd\u4e86 JSP \u9690\u5f0f\u5bf9\u8c61\u4ee5\u53ca\u5982\u4f55\u5728 JSP \u9875\u9762\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528\u5b83\u4eec\uff0c\u5e76\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u793a\u4f8b\u7a0b\u5e8f\u3002<\/p>\n

JSP \u6307\u4ee4<\/h3>\n

\u5f53JSP\u9875\u9762\u88ab\u7ffb\u8bd1\u6210Servlet\u65f6\uff0cJSP\u6307\u4ee4\u88ab\u7528\u4e8e\u5411JSP\u8f6c\u6362\u5668\u63d0\u4f9b\u5177\u4f53\u7684\u6307\u793a\u3002\u672c\u6587\u8be6\u7ec6\u89e3\u91ca\u4e86JSP\u9875\u9762\u6307\u4ee4\u548c\u5305\u542b\u6307\u4ee4\u4ee5\u53ca\u5b83\u4eec\u7684\u5c5e\u6027\u3002JSP\u6807\u7b7e\u5e93\u6307\u4ee4\u7528\u4e8eJSTL\u6216\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u6807\u7b7e\uff0c\u5e76\u5728\u540e\u7eed\u6559\u7a0b\u4e2d\u8fdb\u884c\u4e86\u89e3\u91ca\u3002<\/p>\n

JSP\u5f02\u5e38\u5904\u7406<\/h3>\n

\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u521b\u5efaJSP\u9519\u8bef\u9875\u9762\u6765\u5904\u7406\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u629b\u51fa\u7684\u5f02\u5e38\uff0c\u5e76\u4e3a\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u63d0\u4f9b\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u7684\u54cd\u5e94\u3002\u8fd9\u7bc7\u6587\u7ae0\u5c06\u4ee5\u793a\u4f8b\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u89e3\u91caJSP\u9519\u8bef\u9875\u9762\u4ee5\u53ca\u5b83\u4eec\u5728\u90e8\u7f72\u63cf\u8ff0\u7b26\u4e2d\u7684\u914d\u7f6e\u3002<\/p>\n

JSP EL \u6559\u7a0b<\/h3>\n

JSP\u89c4\u83032.0\u5f15\u5165\u4e86\u8868\u8fbe\u8bed\u8a00\uff08EL\uff09\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u7c7b\u4f3cHTML\u6807\u7b7e\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u8f7b\u677e\u83b7\u53d6\u5c5e\u6027\u548c\u53c2\u6570\u3002\u672c\u6587\u4ecb\u7ecd\u4e86JSP EL\u9690\u5f0f\u5bf9\u8c61\u3001EL\u8fd0\u7b97\u7b26\u53ca\u5176\u4f18\u5148\u7ea7\u3001EL\u4fdd\u7559\u5173\u952e\u5b57\u4ee5\u53caEL\u5728\u793a\u4f8b\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4e2d\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n

JSP\u884c\u4e3a\u6807\u7b7e<\/h3>\n

JSP \u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u7684\u6807\u51c6\u52a8\u4f5c\u6807\u7b7e\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u6765\u6267\u884c\u7279\u5b9a\u4efb\u52a1\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\u5904\u7406 Java Bean \u5bf9\u8c61\u3001\u5305\u542b\u5176\u4ed6\u8d44\u6e90\u3001\u5c06\u8bf7\u6c42\u8f6c\u53d1\u7ed9\u5176\u4ed6\u8d44\u6e90\u7b49\u7b49\u3002\u8fd9\u7bc7\u6587\u7ae0\u8be6\u7ec6\u4ecb\u7ecd\u4e86\u6240\u6709 JSP \u52a8\u4f5c\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u7ec6\u8282\uff0c\u5e76\u5c55\u793a\u4e86 JSP Bean\u3001JSP Forward \u548c JSP Include \u52a8\u4f5c\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u9644\u5e26\u4e86\u793a\u4f8b\u7a0b\u5e8f\u3002<\/p>\n

JSTL\u6559\u7a0b<\/h3>\n

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JSP\u5b9a\u5236\u6807\u7b7e<\/h3>\n

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JSP\u9762\u8bd5\u95ee\u9898\u53ca\u56de\u7b54<\/h3>\n

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