{"id":703,"date":"2023-09-30T01:26:20","date_gmt":"2024-01-16T21:53:40","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.silicloud.com\/zh\/blog\/index.php\/2023\/11\/30\/java%e4%b8%ad%e7%9a%84%e6%a8%a1%e6%9d%bf%e6%96%b9%e6%b3%95%e8%ae%be%e8%ae%a1%e6%a8%a1%e5%bc%8f\/"},"modified":"2025-08-03T03:52:10","modified_gmt":"2025-08-02T19:52:10","slug":"java%e4%b8%ad%e7%9a%84%e6%a8%a1%e6%9d%bf%e6%96%b9%e6%b3%95%e8%ae%be%e8%ae%a1%e6%a8%a1%e5%bc%8f","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.silicloud.com\/zh\/blog\/java%e4%b8%ad%e7%9a%84%e6%a8%a1%e6%9d%bf%e6%96%b9%e6%b3%95%e8%ae%be%e8%ae%a1%e6%a8%a1%e5%bc%8f\/","title":{"rendered":"Java\u6a21\u677f\u65b9\u6cd5\u8bbe\u8ba1\u6a21\u5f0f\u8be6\u89e3\uff1a\u539f\u7406\u3001\u5e94\u7528\u4e0e\u5b9e\u4f8b"},"content":{"rendered":"

Java\u4e2d\u7684\u6a21\u677f\u65b9\u6cd5\u8bbe\u8ba1\u6a21\u5f0f<\/h2>\n

\u6a21\u677f\u65b9\u6cd5\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u884c\u4e3a\u8bbe\u8ba1\u6a21\u5f0f\u3002\u6a21\u677f\u65b9\u6cd5\u8bbe\u8ba1\u6a21\u5f0f\u7528\u4e8e\u521b\u5efa\u65b9\u6cd5\u7684\u9aa8\u67b6\uff0c\u5e76\u5c06\u90e8\u5206\u5b9e\u73b0\u6b65\u9aa4\u63a8\u8fdf\u5230\u5b50\u7c7b\u4e2d\u3002<\/p>\n

\u6a21\u677f\u65b9\u6cd5\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e86\u6267\u884c\u7b97\u6cd5\u7684\u6b65\u9aa4\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u53ef\u4ee5\u63d0\u4f9b\u9ed8\u8ba4\u5b9e\u73b0\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5b9e\u73b0\u5bf9\u4e8e\u6240\u6709\u6216\u90e8\u5206\u5b50\u7c7b\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u901a\u7528\u7684\u3002\u8ba9\u6211\u4eec\u901a\u8fc7\u4e00\u4e2a\u4f8b\u5b50\u6765\u7406\u89e3\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6a21\u5f0f\uff0c\u5047\u8bbe\u6211\u4eec\u60f3\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e00\u4e2a\u5efa\u9020\u623f\u5c4b\u7684\u7b97\u6cd5\u3002\u5efa\u9020\u623f\u5c4b\u9700\u8981\u6267\u884c\u7684\u6b65\u9aa4\u5305\u62ec\uff1a\u5efa\u9020\u5730\u57fa\u3001\u5efa\u9020\u67f1\u5b50\u3001\u5efa\u9020\u5899\u58c1\u548c\u7a97\u6237\u3002\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4e0d\u80fd\u6539\u53d8\u6267\u884c\u7684\u987a\u5e8f\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u6211\u4eec\u4e0d\u80fd\u5728\u5efa\u9020\u5730\u57fa\u4e4b\u524d\u5efa\u9020\u7a97\u6237\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u5728\u8fd9\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u6a21\u677f\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u8be5\u65b9\u6cd5\u5c06\u4f7f\u7528\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u6765\u5efa\u9020\u623f\u5c4b\u3002\u73b0\u5728\uff0c\u5bf9\u4e8e\u6240\u6709\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u623f\u5c4b\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u5efa\u9020\u5730\u57fa\u662f\u76f8\u540c\u7684\uff0c\u65e0\u8bba\u662f\u6728\u5c4b\u8fd8\u662f\u73bb\u7483\u5c4b\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e3a\u6b64\u63d0\u4f9b\u57fa\u672c\u5b9e\u73b0\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u5b50\u7c7b\u60f3\u8981\u91cd\u5199\u6b64\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u8fd9\u6837\u505a\uff0c\u4f46\u5927\u591a\u6570\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u5b83\u5bf9\u4e8e\u6240\u6709\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u623f\u5c4b\u90fd\u662f\u901a\u7528\u7684\u3002\u4e3a\u4e86\u786e\u4fdd\u5b50\u7c7b\u4e0d\u91cd\u5199\u6a21\u677f\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5e94\u8be5\u5c06\u5176\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e3afinal\u3002<\/p>\n

\u6a21\u677f\u65b9\u6cd5\u62bd\u8c61\u7c7b<\/h3>\n

\u7531\u4e8e\u6211\u4eec\u5e0c\u671b\u4e00\u4e9b\u65b9\u6cd5\u7531\u5b50\u7c7b\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u6211\u4eec\u5fc5\u987b\u5c06\u57fa\u7c7b\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e3a\u62bd\u8c61\u7c7b\u3002\u4e0b\u9762\u662fHouseTemplate.java\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\uff1a<\/p>\n

package com.Olivia.design.template;\r\n\r\npublic abstract class HouseTemplate {\r\n\r\n\t\/\/ \u6a21\u677f\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u8bbe\u4e3afinal\u4ee5\u9632\u6b62\u5b50\u7c7b\u91cd\u5199\r\n\tpublic final void buildHouse(){\r\n\t\tbuildFoundation();\r\n\t\tbuildPillars();\r\n\t\tbuildWalls();\r\n\t\tbuildWindows();\r\n\t\tSystem.out.println(\"\u623f\u5c4b\u5efa\u9020\u5b8c\u6210\u3002\");\r\n\t}\r\n\r\n\t\/\/ \u9ed8\u8ba4\u5b9e\u73b0\r\n\tprivate void buildWindows() {\r\n\t\tSystem.out.println(\"\u5efa\u9020\u73bb\u7483\u7a97\u6237\");\r\n\t}\r\n\r\n\t\/\/ \u9700\u8981\u7531\u5b50\u7c7b\u5b9e\u73b0\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\r\n\tpublic abstract void buildWalls();\r\n\tpublic abstract void buildPillars();\r\n\r\n\tprivate void buildFoundation() {\r\n\t\tSystem.out.println(\"\u4f7f\u7528\u6c34\u6ce5\u3001\u94a2\u7b4b\u548c\u6c99\u5b50\u5efa\u9020\u5730\u57fa\");\r\n\t}\r\n}\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u5efa\u9020\u623f\u5c4b\uff08buildHouse()\uff09\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u6a21\u677f\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u5b83\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e86\u6309\u987a\u5e8f\u6267\u884c\u7684\u591a\u4e2a\u6b65\u9aa4\u3002<\/p>\n
\u6a21\u677f\u65b9\u6cd5\u5177\u4f53\u7c7b<\/h3>\n
\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u6709\u4e0d\u540c\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u623f\u5b50\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u6728\u5236\u623f\u548c\u73bb\u7483\u623f\u3002\u4e0b\u9762\u662fWoodenHouse.java\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\uff1a<\/p>\n
package com.Olivia.design.template;\r\n\r\npublic class WoodenHouse extends HouseTemplate {\r\n\r\n\t@Override\r\n\tpublic void buildWalls() {\r\n\t\tSystem.out.println(\"\u5efa\u9020\u6728\u5236\u5899\u58c1\");\r\n\t}\r\n\r\n\t@Override\r\n\tpublic void buildPillars() {\r\n\t\tSystem.out.println(\"\u5efa\u9020\u6728\u8d28\u67f1\u5b50\");\r\n\t}\r\n\r\n}\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u6211\u4eec\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u91cd\u5199\u5176\u4ed6\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u4f46\u4e3a\u4e86\u7b80\u4fbf\u8d77\u89c1\uff0c\u8fd9\u91cc\u4e0d\u8fd9\u6837\u505a\u3002\u4e0b\u9762\u662fGlassHouse.java\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\uff1a<\/p>\n
package com.Olivia.design.template;\r\n\r\npublic class GlassHouse extends HouseTemplate {\r\n\r\n\t@Override\r\n\tpublic void buildWalls() {\r\n\t\tSystem.out.println(\"\u5efa\u9020\u73bb\u7483\u5899\u58c1\");\r\n\t}\r\n\r\n\t@Override\r\n\tpublic void buildPillars() {\r\n\t\tSystem.out.println(\"\u5efa\u9020\u73bb\u7483\u67f1\u5b50\");\r\n\t}\r\n\r\n}\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u6a21\u677f\u65b9\u6cd5\u8bbe\u8ba1\u6a21\u5f0f\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef<\/h3>\n
\u8ba9\u6211\u4eec\u7528\u4e00\u4e2a\u6d4b\u8bd5\u7a0b\u5e8f\u6765\u6d4b\u8bd5\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u6a21\u677f\u65b9\u6cd5\u6a21\u5f0f\u793a\u4f8b\u3002\u4e0b\u9762\u662fHousingClient.java\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\uff1a<\/p>\n
package com.Olivia.design.template;\r\n\r\npublic class HousingClient {\r\n\r\n\tpublic static void main(String[] args) {\r\n\t\t\r\n\t\tHouseTemplate houseType = new WoodenHouse();\r\n\t\t\r\n\t\t\/\/ \u4f7f\u7528\u6a21\u677f\u65b9\u6cd5\r\n\t\thouseType.buildHouse();\r\n\t\tSystem.out.println(\"************\");\r\n\t\t\r\n\t\thouseType = new GlassHouse();\r\n\t\t\r\n\t\thouseType.buildHouse();\r\n\t}\r\n\r\n}\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u8bf7\u6ce8\u610f\uff0c\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u6b63\u5728\u8c03\u7528\u57fa\u7c7b\u7684\u6a21\u677f\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u5e76\u6839\u636e\u4e0d\u540c\u6b65\u9aa4\u7684\u5b9e\u73b0\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u4e86\u57fa\u7c7b\u7684\u4e00\u4e9b\u65b9\u6cd5\u548c\u5b50\u7c7b\u7684\u4e00\u4e9b\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002\u4e0a\u8ff0\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u8f93\u51fa\u662f\uff1a<\/p>\n
\u4f7f\u7528\u6c34\u6ce5\u3001\u94a2\u7b4b\u548c\u6c99\u5b50\u5efa\u9020\u5730\u57fa\r\n\u5efa\u9020\u6728\u8d28\u67f1\u5b50\r\n\u5efa\u9020\u6728\u5236\u5899\u58c1\r\n\u5efa\u9020\u73bb\u7483\u7a97\u6237\r\n\u623f\u5c4b\u5efa\u9020\u5b8c\u6210\u3002\r\n************\r\n\u4f7f\u7528\u6c34\u6ce5\u3001\u94a2\u7b4b\u548c\u6c99\u5b50\u5efa\u9020\u5730\u57fa\r\n\u5efa\u9020\u73bb\u7483\u67f1\u5b50\r\n\u5efa\u9020\u73bb\u7483\u5899\u58c1\r\n\u5efa\u9020\u73bb\u7483\u7a97\u6237\r\n\u623f\u5c4b\u5efa\u9020\u5b8c\u6210\u3002\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u6a21\u677f\u65b9\u6cd5\u7c7b\u56fe<\/h3>\n
\uff08\u8fd9\u91cc\u5e94\u8be5\u6709\u6a21\u677f\u65b9\u6cd5\u8bbe\u8ba1\u6a21\u5f0f\u7684\u7c7b\u56fe\uff0c\u4f46\u539f\u6587\u4e2d\u672a\u63d0\u4f9b\uff09<\/p>\n
\u5728JDK\u4e2d\u7684\u6a21\u677f\u65b9\u6cd5\u8bbe\u8ba1\u6a21\u5f0f<\/h3>\n
    \n
  • java.io.InputStream\u3001java.io.OutputStream\u3001java.io.Reader\u548cjava.io.Writer\u4e2d\u7684\u6240\u6709\u975e\u62bd\u8c61\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002<\/li>\n
  • java.util.AbstractList\u3001java.util.AbstractSet\u548cjava.util.AbstractMap\u4e2d\u7684\u6240\u6709\u975e\u62bd\u8c61\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
    \u6a21\u677f\u65b9\u6cd5\u8bbe\u8ba1\u6a21\u5f0f\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u8981\u70b9<\/h3>\n
      \n
    1. \u6a21\u677f\u65b9\u6cd5\u5e94\u8be5\u7531\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u56fa\u5b9a\u987a\u5e8f\u7684\u6b65\u9aa4\u7ec4\u6210\uff0c\u5bf9\u4e8e\u4e00\u4e9b\u65b9\u6cd5\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u57fa\u7c7b\u548c\u5b50\u7c7b\u7684\u5b9e\u73b0\u662f\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u3002\u6a21\u677f\u65b9\u6cd5\u5e94\u8be5\u662ffinal\u7684\u3002<\/li>\n
    2. \u5927\u591a\u6570\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u5b50\u7c7b\u8c03\u7528\u8d85\u7c7b\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u4f46\u5728\u6a21\u677f\u6a21\u5f0f\u4e2d\uff0c\u8d85\u7c7b\u7684\u6a21\u677f\u65b9\u6cd5\u8c03\u7528\u5b50\u7c7b\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u8fd9\u88ab\u79f0\u4e3a\u597d\u83b1\u575e\u539f\u5219\u2014\u2014”\u4e0d\u8981\u6253\u7535\u8bdd\u7ed9\u6211\u4eec\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4f1a\u6253\u7535\u8bdd\u7ed9\u4f60\u3002”<\/li>\n
    3. \u57fa\u7c7b\u4e2d\u5177\u6709\u9ed8\u8ba4\u5b9e\u73b0\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u88ab\u79f0\u4e3a\u94a9\u5b50\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u88ab\u5b50\u7c7b\u91cd\u5199\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u4e0d\u5e0c\u671b\u67d0\u4e9b\u65b9\u6cd5\u88ab\u91cd\u5199\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06\u5b83\u4eec\u8bbe\u4e3afinal\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u5728\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06buildFoundation()\u65b9\u6cd5\u8bbe\u4e3afinal\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u6211\u4eec\u4e0d\u60f3\u8ba9\u5b50\u7c7b\u91cd\u5199\u5b83\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
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