{"id":537,"date":"2023-07-03T01:09:42","date_gmt":"2022-10-31T12:57:32","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.silicloud.com\/zh\/blog\/index.php\/2023\/11\/30\/python%e4%b8%ad%e7%9a%84relu%e5%87%bd%e6%95%b0\/"},"modified":"2025-08-02T16:35:11","modified_gmt":"2025-08-02T08:35:11","slug":"python%e4%b8%ad%e7%9a%84relu%e5%87%bd%e6%95%b0","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.silicloud.com\/zh\/blog\/python%e4%b8%ad%e7%9a%84relu%e5%87%bd%e6%95%b0\/","title":{"rendered":"Python\u4e2dReLu\u6fc0\u6d3b\u51fd\u6570\u8be6\u89e3\uff1a\u539f\u7406\u3001\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e0e\u5728\u795e\u7ecf\u7f51\u7edc\u4e2d\u7684\u5e94\u7528"},"content":{"rendered":"

ReLU\u6216\u4fee\u6b63\u7ebf\u6027\u6fc0\u6d3b\u51fd\u6570\u662f\u6df1\u5ea6\u5b66\u4e60\u9886\u57df\u4e2d\u6700\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u6fc0\u6d3b\u51fd\u6570\u9009\u62e9\u3002ReLU\u5728\u63d0\u4f9b\u6700\u5148\u8fdb\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u7684\u540c\u65f6\uff0c\u8ba1\u7b97\u6548\u7387\u4e5f\u975e\u5e38\u9ad8\u3002<\/p>\n

ReLU\u6fc0\u6d3b\u51fd\u6570\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u6982\u5ff5\u662f\uff1a<\/p>\n

\u5982\u679c\u8f93\u5165\u4e3a\u8d1f\u6570\u5219\u8fd4\u56de0\uff0c\u5426\u5219\u8fd4\u56de\u8f93\u5165\u503c\u672c\u8eab\u3002<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u6570\u5b66\u65b9\u5f0f\u8868\u793a\u5b83\uff0c\u5982\u4e0b\u6240\u793a\uff1a<\/p>\n
\"ReLU<\/div>\n
ReLU\u7684\u4f2a\u4ee3\u7801\u5982\u4e0b\u6240\u793a\uff1a<\/p>\n
# \u5982\u679c\u8f93\u5165\u5927\u4e8e0<\/span>\r\nif<\/span> input<\/span> ><\/span> 0<\/span>:<\/span>\r\n\t# \u8fd4\u56de\u8f93\u5165\u503c<\/span>\r\n\treturn<\/span> input<\/span>\r\nelse<\/span>:<\/span>\r\n\t# \u5426\u5219\u8fd4\u56de0<\/span>\r\n\treturn<\/span> 0<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u5728\u672c\u6559\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u5b66\u4e60\u5982\u4f55\u5b9e\u73b0\u81ea\u5df1\u7684ReLU\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u4e86\u89e3\u5b83\u7684\u4e00\u4e9b\u7f3a\u70b9\uff0c\u5e76\u5b66\u4e60\u4e00\u4e2a\u66f4\u597d\u7684ReLU\u7248\u672c\u3002<\/p>\n
\u63a8\u8350\u9605\u8bfb\uff1a\u300a\u673a\u5668\u5b66\u4e60\u7684\u7ebf\u6027\u4ee3\u6570\u300b\u7b2c\u4e00\u7bc7<\/p>\n
\u6211\u4eec\u5f00\u59cb\u5427\uff01<\/p>\n
\u5728Python\u4e2d\u5b9e\u73b0ReLU\u51fd\u6570<\/h2>\n
\u8ba9\u6211\u4eec\u7528Python\u7f16\u5199\u81ea\u5df1\u7684ReLU\u5b9e\u73b0\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u4f7f\u7528\u5185\u7f6e\u7684max\u51fd\u6570\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\u5b83\u3002<\/p>\n
ReLU\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<\/p>\n
# \u5b9a\u4e49ReLU\u51fd\u6570<\/span>\r\ndef<\/span> relu<\/span>(<\/span>x)<\/span>:<\/span>\r\n\t# \u8fd4\u56de0\u548cx\u4e2d\u7684\u8f83\u5927\u503c<\/span>\r\n\treturn<\/span> max<\/span>(<\/span>0.0<\/span>,<\/span> x)<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u4e3a\u4e86\u6d4b\u8bd5\u8fd9\u4e2a\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u8ba9\u6211\u4eec\u5728\u51e0\u4e2a\u8f93\u5165\u4e0a\u8fd0\u884c\u5b83\u3002<\/p>\n
# \u6d4b\u8bd5\u6b63\u6570<\/span>\r\nx =<\/span> 1.0<\/span>\r\nprint<\/span>(<\/span>'\u5bf9(%.1f)\u5e94\u7528ReLU\u5f97\u5230%.1f'<\/span> %<\/span> (<\/span>x,<\/span> relu(<\/span>x)<\/span>)<\/span>)<\/span>\r\n\r\n# \u6d4b\u8bd5\u8d1f\u6570<\/span>\r\nx =<\/span> -<\/span>10.0<\/span>\r\nprint<\/span>(<\/span>'\u5bf9(%.1f)\u5e94\u7528ReLU\u5f97\u5230%.1f'<\/span> %<\/span> (<\/span>x,<\/span> relu(<\/span>x)<\/span>)<\/span>)<\/span>\r\n\r\n# \u6d4b\u8bd5\u96f6<\/span>\r\nx =<\/span> 0.0<\/span>\r\nprint<\/span>(<\/span>'\u5bf9(%.1f)\u5e94\u7528ReLU\u5f97\u5230%.1f'<\/span> %<\/span> (<\/span>x,<\/span> relu(<\/span>x)<\/span>)<\/span>)<\/span>\r\n\r\n# \u6d4b\u8bd5\u66f4\u5927\u7684\u6b63\u6570<\/span>\r\nx =<\/span> 15.0<\/span>\r\nprint<\/span>(<\/span>'\u5bf9(%.1f)\u5e94\u7528ReLU\u5f97\u5230%.1f'<\/span> %<\/span> (<\/span>x,<\/span> relu(<\/span>x)<\/span>)<\/span>)<\/span>\r\n\r\n# \u6d4b\u8bd5\u66f4\u5c0f\u7684\u8d1f\u6570<\/span>\r\nx =<\/span> -<\/span>20.0<\/span>\r\nprint<\/span>(<\/span>'\u5bf9(%.1f)\u5e94\u7528ReLU\u5f97\u5230%.1f'<\/span> %<\/span> (<\/span>x,<\/span> relu(<\/span>x)<\/span>)<\/span>)<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u5b8c\u6574\u4ee3\u7801<\/h3>\n
ReLU\u51fd\u6570\u7684Python\u5b9e\u73b0<\/h3>\n
\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662fReLU\u51fd\u6570\u7684\u5b8c\u6574Python\u4ee3\u7801\u5b9e\u73b0\uff1a<\/p>\n
def<\/span> relu<\/span>(<\/span>x)<\/span>:<\/span>\r\n\treturn<\/span> max<\/span>(<\/span>0.0<\/span>,<\/span> x)<\/span>\r\n\r\nx =<\/span> 1.0<\/span>\r\nprint<\/span>(<\/span>'Applying Relu on (%.1f) gives %.1f'<\/span> %<\/span> (<\/span>x,<\/span> relu(<\/span>x)<\/span>)<\/span>)<\/span>\r\nx =<\/span> -<\/span>10.0<\/span>\r\nprint<\/span>(<\/span>'Applying Relu on (%.1f) gives %.1f'<\/span> %<\/span> (<\/span>x,<\/span> relu(<\/span>x)<\/span>)<\/span>)<\/span>\r\nx =<\/span> 0.0<\/span>\r\nprint<\/span>(<\/span>'Applying Relu on (%.1f) gives %.1f'<\/span> %<\/span> (<\/span>x,<\/span> relu(<\/span>x)<\/span>)<\/span>)<\/span>\r\nx =<\/span> 15.0<\/span>\r\nprint<\/span>(<\/span>'Applying Relu on (%.1f) gives %.1f'<\/span> %<\/span> (<\/span>x,<\/span> relu(<\/span>x)<\/span>)<\/span>)<\/span>\r\nx =<\/span> -<\/span>20.0<\/span>\r\nprint<\/span>(<\/span>'Applying Relu on (%.1f) gives %.1f'<\/span> %<\/span> (<\/span>x,<\/span> relu(<\/span>x)<\/span>)<\/span>)<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u4ee3\u7801\u8f93\u51fa\u7ed3\u679c<\/h3>\n
\u4e0a\u8ff0\u4ee3\u7801\u7684\u8f93\u51fa\u7ed3\u679c\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<\/p>\n
Applying Relu on (1.0) gives 1.0\r\nApplying Relu on (-10.0) gives 0.0\r\nApplying Relu on (0.0) gives 0.0\r\nApplying Relu on (15.0) gives 15.0\r\nApplying Relu on (-20.0) gives 0.0\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
ReLU\u51fd\u6570\u7684\u68af\u5ea6<\/h3>\n
\u8ba9\u6211\u4eec\u6765\u770b\u4e00\u4e0bReLU\u51fd\u6570\u7684\u68af\u5ea6\uff08\u5bfc\u6570\uff09\u3002\u5bf9ReLU\u51fd\u6570\u6c42\u5bfc\u540e\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4f1a\u5f97\u5230\u4ee5\u4e0b\u5206\u6bb5\u51fd\u6570\uff1a<\/p>\n
f'(<\/span>x)<\/span> =<\/span> 1<\/span>,<\/span> x>=<\/span>0<\/span>\r\n      =<\/span> 0<\/span>,<\/span> x<<\/span>0<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u4ece\u4e0a\u9762\u7684\u5bfc\u6570\u516c\u5f0f\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u51fa\uff0c\u5bf9\u4e8e\u5c0f\u4e8e\u96f6\u7684x\u503c\uff0cReLU\u51fd\u6570\u7684\u659c\u7387\u4e3a0\u3002\u8fd9\u610f\u5473\u7740\u5728\u795e\u7ecf\u7f51\u7edc\u8bad\u7ec3\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u67d0\u4e9b\u795e\u7ecf\u5143\u7684\u6743\u91cd\u548c\u504f\u7f6e\u5c06\u4e0d\u4f1a\u88ab\u66f4\u65b0\uff0c\u8fd9\u53ef\u80fd\u5bfc\u81f4”\u795e\u7ecf\u5143\u6b7b\u4ea1”\u7684\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u5f71\u54cd\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u8bad\u7ec3\u6548\u679c\u3002<\/p>\n
\u4e3a\u4e86\u514b\u670d\u8fd9\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u7814\u7a76\u8005\u4eec\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u6cc4\u6f0f\u7ebf\u6027\u6574\u6d41\u51fd\u6570\uff08Leaky ReLU\uff09\u3002\u63a5\u4e0b\u6765\u8ba9\u6211\u4eec\u8be6\u7ec6\u4e86\u89e3\u4e00\u4e0bLeaky ReLU\u51fd\u6570\u3002<\/p>\n
\u6cc4\u6f0fReLU\u51fd\u6570\uff08Leaky ReLU\uff09<\/h2>\n
\u6cc4\u6f0fReLU\u51fd\u6570\u662f\u5e38\u89c4ReLU\u51fd\u6570\u7684\u6539\u8fdb\u7248\u672c\u3002\u4e3a\u4e86\u89e3\u51b3\u8d1f\u503c\u68af\u5ea6\u4e3a\u96f6\u7684\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u6cc4\u6f0fReLU\u5bf9\u8d1f\u8f93\u5165\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u6781\u5c0f\u7684\u7ebf\u6027\u659c\u7387\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u76f4\u63a5\u5c06\u5176\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e3a\u96f6\u3002<\/p>\n
\u4ece\u6570\u5b66\u4e0a\u8bb2\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06Leaky ReLU\u8868\u793a\u4e3a\uff1a<\/p>\n
f(<\/span>x)<\/span>=<\/span> 0<\/span>.<\/span>01x,<\/span> x<<\/span>0<\/span>\r\n    =<\/span> x,<\/span>   x>=<\/span>0<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u4ece\u6570\u5b66\u89d2\u5ea6\u6765\u770b\uff0cLeaky ReLU\u51fd\u6570\u53ef\u4ee5\u8868\u793a\u4e3a\uff1a<\/p>\n
    \n
  • f(x) = \u03b1x, \u5f53 x < 0 \u65f6<\/li>\n
  • f(x) = x, \u5f53 x \u2265 0 \u65f6<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
    \u8fd9\u91cc\u7684\u03b1\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5c0f\u5e38\u6570\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u53d6\u503c\u4e3a0.01\uff0c\u5c31\u50cf\u6211\u4eec\u5728\u4e0a\u9762\u7684\u516c\u5f0f\u4e2d\u6240\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u90a3\u6837\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5c0f\u7684\u659c\u7387\u786e\u4fdd\u4e86\u5bf9\u4e8e\u8d1f\u8f93\u5165\uff0c\u795e\u7ecf\u5143\u4ecd\u7136\u4f1a\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u975e\u96f6\u7684\u68af\u5ea6\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u907f\u514d\u4e86”\u795e\u7ecf\u5143\u6b7b\u4ea1”\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u3002<\/p>\n
    \u4ee5\u56fe\u5f62\u5f62\u5f0f\u8868\u793a\uff0cLeaky ReLU\u51fd\u6570\u5982\u4e0b\u6240\u793a\uff1a<\/p>\n
    \"Python\u4e2d\u7684Leaky<\/div>\n
    Leaky ReLU\u7684\u68af\u5ea6<\/h3>\n
    Leaky ReLU\u51fd\u6570\u7684\u68af\u5ea6\uff08\u5bfc\u6570\uff09\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<\/p>\n
    f'(<\/span>x)<\/span> =<\/span> 1<\/span>,<\/span> x>=<\/span>0<\/span>\r\n      =<\/span> 0<\/span>.<\/span>01,<\/span> x<<\/span>0<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
    \u4ece\u5bfc\u6570\u516c\u5f0f\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u51fa\uff0cLeaky ReLU\u5728\u8d1f\u503c\u533a\u57df\u4e5f\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u975e\u96f6\u7684\u68af\u5ea6\uff080.01\uff09\uff0c\u8fd9\u4f7f\u5f97\u5373\u4f7f\u5728\u8d1f\u8f93\u5165\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u795e\u7ecf\u5143\u4e5f\u80fd\u591f\u8fdb\u884c\u6743\u91cd\u66f4\u65b0\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u907f\u514d\u4e86\u4f20\u7edfReLU\u51fd\u6570\u4e2d\u7684”\u795e\u7ecf\u5143\u6b7b\u4ea1”\u95ee\u9898\u3002<\/p>\n
    \u8ba9\u6211\u4eec\u6765\u8ba1\u7b97Leaky ReLu\u51fd\u6570\u7684\u68af\u5ea6\u3002\u68af\u5ea6\u53ef\u4ee5\u5f97\u51fa\u4e3a\uff1a<\/p>\n
    f'(<\/span>x)<\/span> =<\/span> 1<\/span>,<\/span>  x>=<\/span>0<\/span>\r\n      =<\/span> 0.01<\/span>,<\/span> x<<\/span>0<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
    \u5728\u8fd9\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u8d1f\u8f93\u5165\u7684\u68af\u5ea6\u4e0d\u4e3a\u96f6\u3002\u8fd9\u610f\u5473\u7740\u6240\u6709\u7684\u795e\u7ecf\u5143\u90fd\u5c06\u88ab\u66f4\u65b0\u3002<\/p>\n
    \u5728Python\u4e2d\u5b9e\u73b0Leaky ReLu<\/h3>\n
    \u4e0b\u9762\u7ed9\u51fa\u4e86Leaky ReLu\u7684\u5b9e\u73b0\u65b9\u6cd5\uff1a<\/p>\n
    def<\/span> leaky_relu<\/span>(<\/span>x)<\/span>:<\/span>\r\n  if<\/span> x><\/span>0<\/span> :<\/span>\r\n    return<\/span> x\r\n  else<\/span> :<\/span>\r\n    return<\/span> 0.01<\/span>*<\/span>x\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
    \u8ba9\u6211\u4eec\u73b0\u573a\u5c1d\u8bd5\u4e00\u4e0b\u8f93\u5165\u3002<\/p>\n
     \r\nx =<\/span> 1.0<\/span>\r\nprint<\/span>(<\/span>'\u5728(%.1f)\u4e0a\u5e94\u7528Leaky ReLu\u5f97\u5230%.1f'<\/span> %<\/span> (<\/span>x,<\/span> leaky_relu(<\/span>x)<\/span>)<\/span>)<\/span>\r\nx =<\/span> -<\/span>10.0<\/span>\r\nprint<\/span>(<\/span>'\u5728(%.1f)\u4e0a\u5e94\u7528Leaky ReLu\u5f97\u5230%.1f'<\/span> %<\/span> (<\/span>x,<\/span> leaky_relu(<\/span>x)<\/span>)<\/span>)<\/span>\r\nx =<\/span> 0.0<\/span>\r\nprint<\/span>(<\/span>'\u5728(%.1f)\u4e0a\u5e94\u7528Leaky ReLu\u5f97\u5230%.1f'<\/span> %<\/span> (<\/span>x,<\/span> leaky_relu(<\/span>x)<\/span>)<\/span>)<\/span>\r\nx =<\/span> 15.0<\/span>\r\nprint<\/span>(<\/span>'\u5728(%.1f)\u4e0a\u5e94\u7528Leaky ReLu\u5f97\u5230%.1f'<\/span> %<\/span> (<\/span>x,<\/span> leaky_relu(<\/span>x)<\/span>)<\/span>)<\/span>\r\nx =<\/span> -<\/span>20.0<\/span>\r\nprint<\/span>(<\/span>'\u5728(%.1f)\u4e0a\u5e94\u7528Leaky ReLu\u5f97\u5230%.1f'<\/span> %<\/span> (<\/span>x,<\/span> leaky_relu(<\/span>x)<\/span>)<\/span>)<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
    \u5b8c\u6574\u7684\u4ee3\u7801<\/h3>\n
    \u4e0b\u9762\u662fLeaky ReLu\u7684\u5b8c\u6574\u4ee3\u7801\uff1a<\/p>\n
    def<\/span> leaky_relu<\/span>(<\/span>x)<\/span>:<\/span>\r\n  if<\/span> x><\/span>0<\/span> :<\/span>\r\n    return<\/span> x\r\n  else<\/span> :<\/span>\r\n    return<\/span> 0.01<\/span>*<\/span>x\r\n \r\nx =<\/span> 1.0<\/span>\r\nprint<\/span>(<\/span>'Applying Leaky Relu on (%.1f) gives %.1f'<\/span> %<\/span> (<\/span>x,<\/span> leaky_relu(<\/span>x)<\/span>)<\/span>)<\/span>\r\nx =<\/span> -<\/span>10.0<\/span>\r\nprint<\/span>(<\/span>'Applying Leaky Relu on (%.1f) gives %.1f'<\/span> %<\/span> (<\/span>x,<\/span> leaky_relu(<\/span>x)<\/span>)<\/span>)<\/span>\r\nx =<\/span> 0.0<\/span>\r\nprint<\/span>(<\/span>'Applying Leaky Relu on (%.1f) gives %.1f'<\/span> %<\/span> (<\/span>x,<\/span> leaky_relu(<\/span>x)<\/span>)<\/span>)<\/span>\r\nx =<\/span> 15.0<\/span>\r\nprint<\/span>(<\/span>'Applying Leaky Relu on (%.1f) gives %.1f'<\/span> %<\/span> (<\/span>x,<\/span> leaky_relu(<\/span>x)<\/span>)<\/span>)<\/span>\r\nx =<\/span> -<\/span>20.0<\/span>\r\nprint<\/span>(<\/span>'Applying Leaky Relu on (%.1f) gives %.1f'<\/span> %<\/span> (<\/span>x,<\/span> leaky_relu(<\/span>x)<\/span>)<\/span>)<\/span>\r\n\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
    \u8f38\u51fa\uff1a<\/p>\n
    Applying Leaky Relu on (1.0) gives 1.0\r\nApplying Leaky Relu on (-10.0) gives -0.1\r\nApplying Leaky Relu on (0.0) gives 0.0\r\nApplying Leaky Relu on (15.0) gives 15.0\r\nApplying Leaky Relu on (-20.0) gives -0.2\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
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