{"id":535,"date":"2023-10-03T01:25:41","date_gmt":"2023-01-05T06:52:35","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.silicloud.com\/zh\/blog\/index.php\/2023\/11\/30\/%e5%88%9b%e5%bb%basql%e8%a1%a8\/"},"modified":"2025-08-02T16:24:05","modified_gmt":"2025-08-02T08:24:05","slug":"%e5%88%9b%e5%bb%basql%e8%a1%a8","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.silicloud.com\/zh\/blog\/%e5%88%9b%e5%bb%basql%e8%a1%a8\/","title":{"rendered":"SQL\u8868\u521b\u5efa\u5b8c\u5168\u6307\u5357\uff1a\u4ece\u57fa\u7840\u5230\u9ad8\u7ea7\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u8868\u8bbe\u8ba1\u6559\u7a0b"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>\u8fd9\u662f\u6587\u7ae0\u300a\u521b\u5efaSQL\u8868\u300b\u7684\u7b2c1\u90e8\u5206\uff08\u51711\u90e8\u5206\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5185\u5bb9\u7247\u6bb5: \u5f53\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u5728\u5173\u7cfb\u578b\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u4e2d\u5b58\u50a8\u6570\u636e\u65f6\uff0c\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b65\u662f\u521b\u5efa\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u3002\u63a5\u4e0b\u6765\u7684\u6b65\u9aa4\u662f\u5728\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u4e2d\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u5f20\u8868\u6765\u5b58\u50a8\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u6570\u636e\u3002\u5728\u672c\u6559\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u8ba8\u8bba\u5982\u4f55\u4f7f\u7528MySQL\u548cPostgreSQL\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u4e2d\u7684SQL\u67e5\u8be2\u6765\u521b\u5efa\u8868\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6211\u6ca1\u6709\u6db5\u76d6SQL Server\u521b\u5efa\u8868\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5b83\u4eec\u4e0ePostgreSQL\u67e5\u8be2\u76f8\u4f3c\u3002<\/p>\n<h2>SQL \u521b\u5efa\u8868\u683c<\/h2>\n<p>\u4e3a\u4e86\u5c06\u6570\u636e\u5b58\u50a8\u5728\u8868\u4e2d\uff0c\u4e86\u89e3\u9700\u8981\u5b58\u50a8\u7684\u6570\u636e\u7c7b\u578b\u975e\u5e38\u91cd\u8981\u3002\u8ba9\u6211\u4eec\u5c1d\u8bd5\u7406\u89e3\u521b\u5efa\u8868\u683c\u7684\u8bed\u6cd5\u3002<\/p>\n<h2>SQL\u521b\u5efa\u8868\u8bed\u6cd5<\/h2>\n<pre class=\"post-pre\"><code>CREATE TABLE table_name( column1 datatype, column2 datatype,... column-N datatype, PRIMARY KEY(one or more column) );\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<ul class=\"post-ul\">\n<li>CREATE TABLE \u662f\u544a\u8bc9\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u521b\u5efa\u8868\u7684\u5173\u952e\u5b57\u3002<\/li>\n<li>table_name \u662f\u7528\u4e8e\u8868\u7684\u552f\u4e00\u540d\u79f0\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u8868\u540d\u65c1\u8fb9\u7684\u62ec\u53f7\u5305\u542b\u5217\u7684\u5217\u8868\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u8be5\u5217\u8868\u5305\u542b\u5217\u540d\u548c\u53ef\u5728\u76f8\u5e94\u5217\u4e2d\u5b58\u50a8\u7684\u6570\u636e\u7c7b\u578b\u3002<\/li>\n<li>PRIMARY KEY \u7528\u4e8e\u6307\u5b9a\u8981\u7528\u4f5c\u4e3b\u952e\u7684\u5217\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>\u7528SQL\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u53ea\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u5217\u7684\u4e3b\u952e\u5217\u7684\u8868<\/h2>\n<p>\u5f53\u6211\u4eec\u521b\u5efa\u8868\u65f6\uff0c\u5fc5\u987b\u540c\u65f6\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e3b\u952e\u4fe1\u606f\u548c\u5217\u7ed3\u6784\u3002\u8ba9\u6211\u4eec\u770b\u4e00\u4e9b\u4f8b\u5b50\u6765\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u4ec5\u6709\u4e00\u5217\u7684\u8868\uff0c\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e3b\u952e\u3002<\/p>\n<h3>MySQL\u793a\u4f8b<\/h3>\n<pre class=\"post-pre\"><code>CREATE TABLE `test`.`student` (\r\n`studentId` INT NOT NULL,\r\n`studentName` VARCHAR(45) NULL,\r\n`State` VARCHAR(45) NULL,\r\n`Country` VARCHAR(45) NULL,\r\nPRIMARY KEY (`studentId`),\r\nUNIQUE INDEX `studentId_UNIQUE` (`studentId` ASC) VISIBLE);\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u4ee5\u4e0a\u67e5\u8be2\u5c06\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u540d\u4e3a&#8221;Student&#8221;\u7684\u65b0\u8868\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u4e3b\u952e\u5217\u4e3a&#8221;studentId&#8221;\u3002\u8bf7\u6ce8\u610f\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5217\u540d\u90fd\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e86\u6570\u636e\u7c7b\u578b\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ea\u80fd\u5728studentId\u5217\u4e2d\u5b58\u50a8INT\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u800c\u5728studentName\u5217\u4e2d\u53ef\u4ee5\u5b58\u50a8VARCHAR\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u6570\u636e\u3002VARCHAR(45)\u8868\u793a\u5141\u8bb8\u7684\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u6570\u636e\u7684\u6700\u5927\u957f\u5ea6\u4e3a45\u4e2a\u5b57\u7b26\u3002\u7531\u4e8e\u4e3b\u952e\u4e0d\u80fd\u4e3anull\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5728studentId\u5217\u7684\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e2d\u6307\u5b9a\u4e86\u5b83\u3002<\/p>\n<div><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"post-images\" title=\"\" src=\"https:\/\/cdn.silicloud.com\/blog-img\/blog\/img\/656474faa4b2f92e6c729dff\/12-0.jpg\" alt=\"SQL\u521b\u5efa\u8868 - MySQL\" \/><\/div>\n<h3>PostgreSQL\u793a\u4f8b<\/h3>\n<p>\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u4ee5\u4e0b\u67e5\u8be2\u5728PostgreSQL\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u4e2d\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u8868\u683c\u3002<\/p>\n<pre class=\"post-pre\"><code>CREATE TABLE \"test.student\"(\r\n\"StudentId\" integer NOT NULL,\r\n\"StudentName\" character varying(45),\r\n\"State\" character varying(45),\r\n\"Country\" character varying(45),\r\nPRIMARY KEY (\"StudentId\")\r\n);\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<div><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"post-images\" title=\"\" src=\"https:\/\/cdn.silicloud.com\/blog-img\/blog\/img\/656474faa4b2f92e6c729dff\/16-0.jpg\" alt=\"SQL\u521b\u5efa\u8868 - PostgreSQL\" \/><\/div>\n<h2>\u4f7f\u7528SQL\u521b\u5efa\u5177\u6709\u591a\u4e2a\u4e3b\u952e\u7684\u8868\u683c<\/h2>\n<p>\u8ba9\u6211\u4eec\u6765\u770b\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u4f8b\u5b50\uff0c\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4f8b\u5b50\u4e2d\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u4f7f\u7528\u591a\u4e2a\u5217\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e3b\u952e\u3002<\/p>\n<h3>MySQL\u793a\u4f8b<\/h3>\n<pre class=\"post-pre\"><code>CREATE TABLE `test`.`customer` (\r\n  `CustomerId` INT NOT NULL,\r\n  `CustomerName` VARCHAR(45) NULL,\r\n  `ProductId` VARCHAR(45) NOT NULL,\r\n  `State` VARCHAR(45) NULL,\r\nPRIMARY KEY (`CustomerId`, `ProductId`),\r\nUNIQUE INDEX `CustomrId_UNIQUE` (`CustomerId` ASC) VISIBLE);\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u4ee5\u4e0a\u67e5\u8be2\u5c06\u5728&#8221;test&#8221;\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u6a21\u5f0f\u4e2d\u521b\u5efa&#8221;customer&#8221;\u8868\u3002\u8be5\u8868\u7684\u4e3b\u952e\u4e3aCustomerId\u548cProductId\u7684\u7ec4\u5408\u3002<\/p>\n<div><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"post-images\" title=\"\" src=\"https:\/\/cdn.silicloud.com\/blog-img\/blog\/img\/656474faa4b2f92e6c729dff\/22-0.jpg\" alt=\"SQL\u521b\u5efa\u8868 - \u591a\u5217\u4e3b\u952e - MySQL\" \/><\/div>\n<h3>PostgreSQL\u793a\u4f8b<\/h3>\n<pre class=\"post-pre\"><code>CREATE TABLE \"test.customer\"(\r\n\"CustomerId\" integer NOT NULL,\r\n\"CustomerName\" character varying(45),\r\n\"ProductId\" character varying(45),\r\n\"Country\" character varying(45),\r\nPRIMARY KEY (\"CustomerId\",\"ProductId\")\r\n);\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<div><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"post-images\" title=\"\" src=\"https:\/\/cdn.silicloud.com\/blog-img\/blog\/img\/656474faa4b2f92e6c729dff\/25-0.jpg\" alt=\"\u5728PostgreSQL\u4e0a\u521b\u5efa\u5177\u6709\u591a\u5217\u4e3b\u952e\u7684SQL\u8868\" \/><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u8fd9\u662f\u6587\u7ae0\u300a\u521b\u5efaSQL\u8868\u300b\u7684\u7b2c1\u90e8\u5206\uff08\u51711\u90e8\u5206\uff09\u3002 \u5185\u5bb9\u7247\u6bb5: \u5f53\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u5728\u5173\u7cfb\u578b\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u4e2d\u5b58\u50a8\u6570\u636e\u65f6\uff0c\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b65\u662f\u521b [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[303,320,321,1406,1582],"class_list":["post-535","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-uncategorized","tag-mysql","tag-sql","tag-321","tag-1406","tag-1582"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v21.5 (Yoast SEO v21.5) - 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