{"id":50754,"date":"2023-12-23T10:31:41","date_gmt":"2023-12-23T02:31:41","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.silicloud.com\/zh\/blog\/%e5%a6%82%e4%bd%95%e4%bf%ae%e5%a4%8d%e5%9c%a8%e5%ae%89%e8%a3%85%e5%8c%85%e6%97%b6%e5%87%ba%e7%8e%b0%e7%9a%84python%e6%b2%a1%e6%9c%89%e6%ad%a4%e6%96%87%e4%bb%b6%e6%88%96%e7%9b%ae%e5%bd%95\/"},"modified":"2023-12-23T15:04:29","modified_gmt":"2023-12-23T07:04:29","slug":"%e5%a6%82%e4%bd%95%e4%bf%ae%e5%a4%8d%e5%9c%a8%e5%ae%89%e8%a3%85%e5%8c%85%e6%97%b6%e5%87%ba%e7%8e%b0%e7%9a%84python%e6%b2%a1%e6%9c%89%e6%ad%a4%e6%96%87%e4%bb%b6%e6%88%96%e7%9b%ae%e5%bd%95","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.silicloud.com\/zh\/blog\/%e5%a6%82%e4%bd%95%e4%bf%ae%e5%a4%8d%e5%9c%a8%e5%ae%89%e8%a3%85%e5%8c%85%e6%97%b6%e5%87%ba%e7%8e%b0%e7%9a%84python%e6%b2%a1%e6%9c%89%e6%ad%a4%e6%96%87%e4%bb%b6%e6%88%96%e7%9b%ae%e5%bd%95\/","title":{"rendered":"\u5982\u4f55\u4fee\u590d\u5728\u5b89\u88c5\u5305\u65f6\u51fa\u73b0\u7684Python\u201c\u6ca1\u6709\u6b64\u6587\u4ef6\u6216\u76ee\u5f55\u201d\u7f16\u8bd1\u5668\u9519\u8bef\u3002"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u5f15\u8a00<\/p>\n

\u5f00\u7bc7<\/h3>\n

\u5b89\u88c5Python\u6a21\u5757\u65f6\uff0c\u60a8\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u9047\u5230\u4e00\u4e2a\u5e38\u89c1\u9519\u8bef\uff0c\u5373\u201c\u627e\u4e0d\u5230\u6587\u4ef6\u6216\u76ee\u5f55\u201d\u3002\u8fd9\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u5bfc\u81f4\u8bef\u89e3\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u60a8\u901a\u5e38\u4e0d\u4f1a\u7f3a\u5c11\u8981\u5b89\u88c5\u7684\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5305\u4e2d\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u6216\u76ee\u5f55\u3002\u76f8\u53cd\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u9519\u8bef\u662f\u7531\u4e8ePython\u5728\u5b89\u88c5\u6a21\u5757\u671f\u95f4\u5c1d\u8bd5\u8c03\u7528\u60a8\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u7f16\u8bd1\u5668\u6240\u5f15\u8d77\u7684\u3002\u8fd9\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u60a8\u7cfb\u7edf\u7f16\u8bd1\u5668\u7684\u8def\u5f84\u901a\u5e38\u662f\u786c\u7f16\u7801\u5230Python\u672c\u8eab\u4e2d\uff0c\u800cPython\u5374\u627e\u4e0d\u5230\u6240\u9700\u7684\u7f16\u8bd1\u5668\u6587\u4ef6\u3002\u672c\u6559\u7a0b\u5c06\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e00\u4e2a\u6b64\u9519\u8bef\u7684\u793a\u4f8b\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u4fee\u590d\u5b83\u7684\u591a\u4e2a\u5e73\u53f0\u4e0a\u7684\u6b65\u9aa4\u3002<\/p>\n

\u7f16\u8bd1\u5668\u9519\u8bef\u6f0f\u6389\u4e86<\/h2>\n

\u901a\u5e38\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0cPython\u5305\u662f\u901a\u8fc7pip\u5305\u7ba1\u7406\u5668\u548cpip install\u547d\u4ee4\u8fdb\u884c\u5b89\u88c5\u7684\u3002pip\u4f1a\u6253\u5370\u51fa\u6240\u9009\u5305\u6240\u9700\u7684\u5176\u4ed6\u4f9d\u8d56\u9879\u5217\u8868\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u5b89\u88c5\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u7684\u957f\u5217\u8868\u8f93\u51fa\u3002\u6709\u65f6\uff0c\u5b89\u88c5\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4f1a\u5728\u8f93\u51fa\u7684\u672b\u5c3e\u9644\u8fd1\u5305\u542b\u4ee5\u4e0b\u7c7b\u4f3c\u6587\u672c\u7684\u9519\u8bef\u4fe1\u606f\u3002<\/p>\n

Output<\/div>      x86_64-linux-gnu-gcc -Wno-unused-result -Wsign-compare -DNDEBUG -g -fwrapv -O2 -Wall -g -fstack-protector-strong -Wformat -Werror=format-security -g -fwrapv -O2 -g -fstack-protector-strong -Wformat -Werror=format-security -Wdate-time -D_FORTIFY_SOURCE=2 -fPIC -I\/usr\/include\/python3.10 -I\/usr\/local\/lib\/python3.10\/dist-packages\/numpy\/core\/include -I\/usr\/include\/python3.10 -c radiomics\/src\/_cmatrices.c -o build\/temp.linux-x86_64-3.10\/radiomics\/src\/_cmatrices.o\r\n      error: command 'x86_64-linux-gnu-gcc' failed: No such file or directory\r\n      [end of output]\r\n\r\n  note: This error originates from a subprocess, and is likely not a problem with pip.\r\nerror: legacy-install-failure\r\n\r\n\u00d7 Encountered error while trying to install package.\r\n\u2570\u2500> pyradiomics\r\n\r\nnote: This is an issue with the package mentioned above, not pip.\r\nhint: See above for output from the failure.\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u9519\u8bef\u662f\u7531\u4e8e\u4f7f\u7528pip install pd-dwi\u5c1d\u8bd5\u5b89\u88c5\u7528\u4e8e\u5316\u7597\u7814\u7a76\u7684Python\u5e93pd-dwi\u6240\u5bfc\u81f4\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n
\u4e00\u4e9bPython\u5e93\uff0c\u7279\u522b\u662f\u7528\u4e8e\u79d1\u5b66\u8ba1\u7b97\u7684\uff0c\u5b89\u88c5\u540e\u9700\u8981\u5728\u672c\u673a\u4e0a\u7f16\u8bd1\u989d\u5916\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u3002Python\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u9ad8\u7ea7\u89e3\u91ca\u578b\u8bed\u8a00\uff0c\u53ea\u9700\u8981Python\u89e3\u91ca\u5668\u672c\u8eab\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u8fd0\u884c\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u4e00\u4e9b\u9700\u8981\u9ad8\u6027\u80fd\u5904\u7406\u7684Python\u5e93\uff0c\u6709\u65f6\u4f1a\u5305\u542b\u4f4e\u7ea7\u8bed\u8a00\u5982C\u6216Rust\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u8bed\u8a00\u9700\u8981\u5728\u53ef\u6267\u884c\u4e4b\u524d\u8fdb\u884c\u7f16\u8bd1\u548c\u4f18\u5316\u3002\u5982\u679c\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u6ca1\u6709\u7f16\u8bd1\u5668\uff0c\u5219\u5b89\u88c5\u5c06\u5931\u8d25\u3002<\/p>\n
\u5728\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u73b0\u4ee3\u5e73\u53f0\u4e0a\uff0c\u5f53\u4f60\u5b89\u88c5Python\u7684\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5305\u7ba1\u7406\u5668pip\u65f6\uff0c\u5b83\u4e5f\u4f1a\u8bbe\u7f6e\u7f16\u8bd1\u73af\u5883\u4ee5\u53ca\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5305\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u8fd9\u5e76\u4e0d\u603b\u662f\u53d1\u751f\u7684\u539f\u56e0\u6709\u51e0\u4e2a\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u7f16\u8bd1\u5668\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u610f\u5916\u88ab\u5378\u8f7d\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u4ece\u4e00\u5f00\u59cb\u5c31\u6ca1\u6709\u5b89\u88c5\u3002\u4e0eLinux\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u5728Mac\u6216Windows\u4e0a\uff0cPython\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5305\u901a\u5e38\u4e0d\u4f1a\u901a\u8fc7\u7cfb\u7edf\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5305\u7ba1\u7406\u5668\u5b89\u88c5\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e3a\u51fa\u73b0\u95ee\u9898\u521b\u9020\u4e86\u66f4\u591a\u673a\u4f1a\u3002<\/p>\n
\u672c\u6559\u7a0b\u7684\u4ee5\u4e0b\u6b65\u9aa4\u5c06\u63d0\u4f9b\u5728Ubuntu\/Debian Linux\u3001Red Hat\/Rocky Linux\u3001Windows\u548cmacOS\u4e0a\u5b89\u88c5\u548c\u9a8c\u8bc1\u4e0ePython\u517c\u5bb9\u7684\u7f16\u8bd1\u5668\u7684\u8bf4\u660e\u3002<\/p>\n
Ubuntu\u548cDebian\u7684\u7f16\u8bd1\u5668\u5957\u4ef6<\/h3>\n
\u5728Ubuntu\u4e0a\uff0c\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u5b89\u88c5\u4e00\u4e2a\u53eb\u505abuild-essential\u7684\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5305\uff0c\u5b83\u4f1a\u63d0\u4f9b\u73b0\u4ee3\u3001\u5f97\u5230\u826f\u597d\u652f\u6301\u7684\u7f16\u8bd1\u73af\u5883\u6240\u9700\u7684\u6240\u6709\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5305\u3002build-essential\u88ab\u79f0\u4e3a\u5143\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5305\u3002\u5b83\u4e0d\u6307\u4ee3\u4efb\u4f55\u4e00\u4e2a\u5177\u4f53\u7684\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5305\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4f9d\u8d56\u9879\u5f15\u5165\u4e86\u8bb8\u591a\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u7f16\u8bd1\u5de5\u5177\u3002<\/p>\n
\u4f60\u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u5b89\u88c5libpython3-dev\u3002\u8fd9\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u957f\u671f\u5b58\u5728\u7684Ubuntu\/Debian\u751f\u6001\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5305\uff0c\u5b83\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06\u7f16\u8bd1\u5668\u4e0ePython\u8fde\u63a5\u8d77\u6765\uff0c\u5e76\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u6240\u6709\u5fc5\u8981\u7684\u540e\u7aef\u914d\u7f6e\uff0c\u4ee5\u4fbf\u4ecePython\u6216pip\u4e2d\u81ea\u52a8\u8c03\u7528\u7f16\u8bd1\u5668\u3002\u901a\u5e38\uff0c\u5b83\u4f1a\u968f\u7740pip\u7684\u5b89\u88c5\u800c\u81ea\u52a8\u5b89\u88c5\uff0c\u4f46\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u4f7f\u7528\u5305\u7ba1\u7406\u5668\u4e4b\u5916\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u5b89\u88c5pip\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u9057\u6f0f\u5b83\u3002<\/p>\n
\u4f7f\u7528apt\u5b89\u88c5\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5305\u3002<\/p>\n
  1. sudo<\/span> apt<\/span> install<\/span> build-essential libpython3-dev\r\n<\/li><\/ol>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
    \u8fd9\u4e5f\u5c06\u5b89\u88c5\u4e00\u4e9b\u4f9d\u8d56\u9879\u3002\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u68c0\u67e5\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u662f\u5426\u5b58\u5728make\u547d\u4ee4\u6765\u9a8c\u8bc1\u7f16\u8bd1\u5668\u662f\u5426\u53ef\u7528\u3002\u8981\u505a\u5230\u8fd9\u4e00\u70b9\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528which\u547d\u4ee4\u5373\u53ef\u3002<\/p>\n
    1. which<\/span> make<\/span>\r\n<\/li><\/ol>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
      Output<\/div>\/usr\/bin\/make\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
      \u5982\u679c\u4f60\u7684\u8def\u5f84\u4e0a\u5df2\u7ecf\u5b89\u88c5\u4e86make\uff08gcc\uff0c\u6700\u6d41\u884c\u7684\u5f00\u6e90\u7f16\u8bd1\u5668\uff09\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\uff0c\u5b83\u5c06\u4f7f\u7528\u8fd9\u4e2a\u547d\u4ee4\u89e3\u6790Makefile\uff0c\u800cMakefile\u662f\u63d0\u4f9b\u6bcf\u4e2a\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5305\u5185\u7684\u7f16\u8bd1\u6307\u4ee4\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u73b0\u5728\u7684\u8def\u5f84\u4e0a\u5df2\u7ecf\u5b89\u88c5\u4e86make\u7684\u7248\u672c\uff0c\u8bf7\u518d\u6b21\u5c1d\u8bd5\u4f7f\u7528pip\u5b89\u88c5\u4f60\u7684Python\u6a21\u5757\u3002<\/p>\n
      \u7528\u4e8eRed Hat\u548cRocky Linux\u7684\u7f16\u8bd1\u5668\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5305\u3002<\/h3>\n
      \u5728Red Hat\u548cRocky Linux\u4e0a\uff0c\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528dnf\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5305\u7ba1\u7406\u5668\u7684\u7ec4\u529f\u80fd\u6765\u5b89\u88c5\u4e00\u7ec4\u5305\u62ec\u826f\u597d\u652f\u6301\u7684\u7f16\u8bd1\u73af\u5883\u7684\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5305\u3002\u4f60\u8981\u5b89\u88c5\u7684\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5305\u7ec4\u79f0\u4e3a\u201c\u5f00\u53d1\u5de5\u5177\u201d\u3002<\/p>\n
      \u4f7f\u7528\u4e24\u4e2adnf\u547d\u4ee4\u5b89\u88c5\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5305\u7ec4\uff1a<\/p>\n
      1. sudo<\/span> dnf groups<\/span> mark install<\/span> \"Development Tools\"<\/span>\r\n<\/li>
      2. sudo<\/span> dnf groupinstall \"Development Tools\"<\/span>\r\n<\/li><\/ol>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
        \u540c\u65f6\uff0c\u8fd9\u5c06\u5b89\u88c5\u4e00\u4e9b\u4f9d\u8d56\u9879\u3002\u63a5\u4e0b\u6765\uff0c\u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u5b89\u88c5python3-devel\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u957f\u671f\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u7ea2\u5e3d\u751f\u6001\u7cfb\u7edf\u5305\uff0c\u57fa\u672c\u4e0a\u5c06\u7f16\u8bd1\u5668\u4e0ePython\u8fde\u63a5\u8d77\u6765\u3002python3-devel\u4e3a\u4ecePython\u6216pip\u81ea\u52a8\u8c03\u7528\u60a8\u7684\u7f16\u8bd1\u5668\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u6240\u9700\u7684\u540e\u7aef\u914d\u7f6e\u3002<\/p>\n
        1. sudo<\/span> dnf install<\/span> python3-devel\r\n<\/li><\/ol>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
          \u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u68c0\u67e5\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e0a\u662f\u5426\u5b58\u5728make\u547d\u4ee4\u6765\u9a8c\u8bc1\u662f\u5426\u53ef\u7528\u7f16\u8bd1\u5668\u3002\u8981\u8fd9\u6837\u505a\uff0c\u8bf7\u4f7f\u7528which\u547d\u4ee4\u3002<\/p>\n
          1. which<\/span> make<\/span>\r\n<\/li><\/ol>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
            Output<\/div>\/usr\/bin\/make\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
            \u4f7f\u7528pip\u5b89\u88c5Python\u6a21\u5757\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u786e\u4fdd\u60a8\u7684\u8def\u5f84\u4e0a\u5df2\u5b89\u88c5\u4e86\u7248\u672c\u7684make\uff0c\u5e76\u5c1d\u8bd5\u8fd0\u884cgcc\u547d\u4ee4\u89e3\u6790Makefile\u3002Makefile\u662f\u6bcf\u4e2a\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5305\u4e2d\u63d0\u4f9b\u7f16\u8bd1\u6307\u4ee4\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002<\/p>\n
            Windows \u7f16\u8bd1\u73af\u5883<\/h3>\n
            \u5728Windows\u4e0a\u7f16\u8bd1\u5668\u95ee\u9898\u53ef\u80fd\u66f4\u68d8\u624b\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5b89\u88c5Python\u6709\u8bb8\u591a\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e00\u79cd\u65b9\u5f0f\u90fd\u8981\u6c42\u5b89\u88c5\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u7f16\u8bd1\u5668\u3002<\/p>\n
              \n
            • \nIf you use Python with WSL2, it\u2019s just like running Python under Linux, so you can follow the troubleshooting instructions for your distro (Ubuntu by default).\n<\/li>\n
            • \nIf you use Python with Anaconda, it will provide its own compiler packages within the conda environment, usually avoiding any of these errors in the first place.\n<\/li>\n
            • \nIf you use Python on Windows natively, there are a few other considerations. By default, Python on Windows tries to use the Microsoft Visual Studio Build Tools. This is a very large install and adds many Windows ecosystem packages that may be unfamiliar if you mostly work in the cloud, but should work automatically after installation, like installing make on Linux.\n<\/li>\n
            • \nIf you already have a working version of open-source gcc and make build tooling installed in your Windows environment using MinGW or Chocolatey, you can tell Python to use this compiler on Windows instead, by creating a file at Lib\/distutils\/distutils.cfg relative to your Python install path and adding the following contents:\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
              Lib\/distutils\/distutils.cfg <\/div>\n
              [build]\r\ncompiler=mingw32\r\n\r\n[build_ext]\r\ncompiler=mingw32\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
              \u5982\u679c\u5728Windows\u4e0a\u5b89\u88c5\u7f16\u8bd1\u5668\u9047\u5230\u56f0\u96be\uff0c\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c1d\u8bd5\u5b89\u88c5\u9884\u7f16\u8bd1\u7684wheel\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5305\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u4ecepip\u8fdb\u884c\u5b89\u88c5\u3002\u4e0d\u8fc7\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u76f8\u5bf9\u4e0d\u592a\u65b9\u4fbf\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u8fd9\u4e9b\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5305\u901a\u5e38\u53ea\u80fd\u4e34\u65f6\u83b7\u53d6\u3002<\/p>\n
              macOS\u7f16\u8bd1\u73af\u5883<\/h3>\n
              macOS\u5c06\u5176\u7f16\u8bd1\u5668\u5de5\u5177\u94fe\u6346\u7ed1\u5230Apple\u7684\u5f00\u53d1\u5957\u4ef6XCode\u4e2d\u3002\u5c31\u50cfWindows\u4e0a\u7684Visual Studio\u4e00\u6837\uff0cXCode\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b8c\u6574\u7684\u5f00\u53d1\u73af\u5883\uff0c\u5177\u6709\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u754c\u9762\uff0c\u4f46\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u60a8\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u4f7f\u7528XCode\u672c\u8eab\u6765\u7f16\u8bd1Python\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5305\u3002\u76f8\u53cd\uff0c\u60a8\u53ea\u9700\u8981\u786e\u4fdd\u5b89\u88c5\u4e86XCode\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5305\u3002\u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u8fd0\u884cxcode-select -install\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\u8fd9\u4e00\u70b9\u3002<\/p>\n
              1. xcode-select --install<\/span>\r\n<\/li><\/ol>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
                \u60a8\u5c06\u6536\u5230\u4e00\u4e2a\u63d0\u793a\u4ee5\u5f00\u59cb\u5b89\u88c5\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u518d\u6b21\u6536\u5230\u4e00\u4e2a\u63d0\u793a\u4ee5\u63a5\u53d7\u8f6f\u4ef6\u8bb8\u53ef\u3002\u63a5\u4e0b\u6765\uff0c\u5de5\u5177\u5c06\u81ea\u52a8\u4e0b\u8f7d\u5e76\u5b89\u88c5\u3002<\/p>\n
                \u7ed3\u8bba\u662f…<\/h2>\n
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