{"id":49948,"date":"2023-11-22T21:49:14","date_gmt":"2023-11-02T03:10:48","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.silicloud.com\/zh\/blog\/%e5%a6%82%e6%9e%9c%e5%9c%a8django%e4%b8%ad%e9%9c%80%e8%a6%81%e4%bd%bf%e7%94%a8%e7%8e%af%e5%a2%83%e5%8f%98%e9%87%8f%ef%bc%8c%e4%b8%ba%e4%bd%95%e4%b8%8d%e8%80%83%e8%99%91%e4%bd%bf%e7%94%a8django-environ\/"},"modified":"2024-05-04T10:20:58","modified_gmt":"2024-05-04T02:20:58","slug":"%e5%a6%82%e6%9e%9c%e5%9c%a8django%e4%b8%ad%e9%9c%80%e8%a6%81%e4%bd%bf%e7%94%a8%e7%8e%af%e5%a2%83%e5%8f%98%e9%87%8f%ef%bc%8c%e4%b8%ba%e4%bd%95%e4%b8%8d%e8%80%83%e8%99%91%e4%bd%bf%e7%94%a8django-environ","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.silicloud.com\/zh\/blog\/%e5%a6%82%e6%9e%9c%e5%9c%a8django%e4%b8%ad%e9%9c%80%e8%a6%81%e4%bd%bf%e7%94%a8%e7%8e%af%e5%a2%83%e5%8f%98%e9%87%8f%ef%bc%8c%e4%b8%ba%e4%bd%95%e4%b8%8d%e8%80%83%e8%99%91%e4%bd%bf%e7%94%a8django-environ\/","title":{"rendered":"\u5982\u679c\u5728Django\u4e2d\u9700\u8981\u4f7f\u7528\u73af\u5883\u53d8\u91cf\uff0c\u4e3a\u4f55\u4e0d\u8003\u8651\u4f7f\u7528django-environ\u5462\uff1f"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u5728\u5f00\u53d1\u540e\u7aef\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u603b\u4f1a\u6709\u4e00\u4e9b\u60f3\u4fdd\u5bc6\u7684\u503c\u4e0d\u53ef\u907f\u514d\u5730\u6d6e\u73b0\u51fa\u6765\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982AWS\u7684\u79d8\u5bc6\u5bc6\u94a5\u3001API\u5bc6\u94a5\u3001\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u8fde\u63a5\u7b49\u7b49\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u5c06\u8fd9\u4e9b\u503c\u786c\u7f16\u7801\u5728settings.py\u4e2d\u5e76\u4f7f\u7528Git\u8fdb\u884c\u7ba1\u7406\u867d\u7136\u65b9\u4fbf\uff0c\u4f46\u8001\u5b9e\u8bf4\u5728\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u4e0a\u5e76\u4e0d\u53ef\u9760\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5728\u8fd9\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5e38\u5e38\u4f1a\u8003\u8651\u201c\u4ee5\u73af\u5883\u53d8\u91cf\u6765\u7ba1\u7406\u201d\uff0c\u4f46\u5982\u679c\u4ec5\u4ec5\u4f7f\u7528\u73af\u5883\u53d8\u91cf\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u80fd\u4f7f\u5f97\u5f00\u53d1\u73af\u5883\u7684\u7ba1\u7406\u53d8\u5f97\u590d\u6742\u3002<\/p>\n

\u66ab\u6642\u5c07\u5176\u8a2d\u5b9a\u70ba\u74b0\u5883\u8b8a\u6578\u7684\u9677\u9631<\/h1>\n

\u6211\u4f7f\u7528Mac\u4f5c\u4e3a\u5f00\u53d1\u73af\u5883\u3002
\n\u6211\u4f7f\u7528Pythonista\u9996\u9009\u7684PyCharm\u4f5c\u4e3aIDE\u3002<\/p>\n

\u521b\u5efa\u73af\u5883\u53d8\u91cf\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6<\/h2>\n
# MySQL\r\nDB_NAME=db_name\r\nDB_PASSWORD=hogepass\r\nDB_USER=hogehoge\r\nDB_HOST=127.0.0.1\r\nDB_PORT=3306\r\nDB_ENGINE=django.db.backends.mysql\r\n\r\n# AWS Settings\r\nDJANGO_AWS_S3_BUCKET_NAME=huga-storage\r\nDJANGO_AWS_ACCESS_KEY=xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx\r\nDJANGO_AWS_SECRET_KEY=xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u7f16\u8f91settings.py\u6587\u4ef6<\/h2>\n
import<\/span> os<\/span>\r\n\r\nBASE_DIR<\/span> =<\/span> os<\/span>.<\/span>path<\/span>.<\/span>dirname<\/span>(<\/span>os<\/span>.<\/span>path<\/span>.<\/span>dirname<\/span>(<\/span>os<\/span>.<\/span>path<\/span>.<\/span>dirname<\/span>(<\/span>os<\/span>.<\/span>path<\/span>.<\/span>realpath<\/span>(<\/span>__file__<\/span>))))<\/span>\r\n\r\n\u30fb\u30fb\u30fb<\/span>\r\n\r\nAWS_S3_BUCKET_NAME<\/span>=<\/span>os<\/span>.<\/span>environ<\/span>[<\/span>'DJANGO_AWS_S3_BUCKET_NAME'<\/span>]<\/span>\r\nAWS_ACCESS_KEY<\/span>=<\/span>os<\/span>.<\/span>environ<\/span>[<\/span>'DJANGO_AWS_ACCESS_KEY'<\/span>]<\/span>\r\nAWS_SECRET_KEY<\/span>=<\/span>os<\/span>.<\/span>environ<\/span>[<\/span>'DJANGO_AWS_SECRET_KEY'<\/span>]<\/span>\r\n\r\nDATABASES<\/span> =<\/span> {<\/span>\r\n    'default'<\/span>:<\/span> {<\/span>\r\n        'ENGINE'<\/span>:<\/span> os<\/span>.<\/span>environ<\/span>[<\/span>'POSTGRES_ENGINE'<\/span>],<\/span>\r\n        'NAME'<\/span>:<\/span> os<\/span>.<\/span>environ<\/span>[<\/span>'POSTGRES_NAME'<\/span>],<\/span>\r\n        'USER'<\/span>:<\/span> os<\/span>.<\/span>environ<\/span>[<\/span>'POSTGRES_USER'<\/span>],<\/span>\r\n        'PASSWORD'<\/span>:<\/span> os<\/span>.<\/span>environ<\/span>[<\/span>'POSTGRES_PASSWORD'<\/span>],<\/span>\r\n        'HOST'<\/span>:<\/span> os<\/span>.<\/span>environ<\/span>[<\/span>'POSTGRES_HOST'<\/span>],<\/span>\r\n        'PORT'<\/span>:<\/span> os<\/span>.<\/span>environ<\/span>[<\/span>'POSTGRES_PORT'<\/span>],<\/span>\r\n    }<\/span>\r\n}<\/span>\r\n\r\n\u30fb\u30fb\u30fb<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u8fd9\u6837\uff0c\u662f\u8fd9\u4e2a\u610f\u601d\u5427\u3002<\/p>\n
\u95ee\u9898\u6240\u5728<\/h2>\n
    \n
  • \n
      \u30b3\u30de\u30f3\u30c9\u30e9\u30a4\u30f3\u304b\u3089\u884c\u3046\u6642\u306fMac\u306e\u74b0\u5883\u5909\u6570\u306b\u30bb\u30c3\u30c8\u3057\u306a\u3051\u308c\u3070\u306a\u3089\u306a\u3044\u3002<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
       <\/p>\n
        Mac\u306e\u74b0\u5883\u5909\u6570\u306b\u30bb\u30c3\u30c8\u3057\u3066\u306a\u304b\u3063\u305f\u3089PycharmRun\/Debug Configrations\u3067\u74b0\u5883\u5909\u6570\u3092\u3044\u3061\u3044\u3061\u6307\u5b9a\u3057\u306a\u3044\u3068\u3044\u3051\u306a\u3044\u3002<\/ul>\n
        \u53ea\u662f\u4e24\u4e2a\u70b9\uff0c\u4f46\u4e5f\u662f\u4e24\u4e2a\u70b9\u3002
        \n\u5373\u4f7f\u9996\u5148\u5728Linux\u64cd\u4f5c\u4e2d\u521b\u5efa\u4e86.env\u6587\u4ef6\u4ee5\u8fdb\u884c\u9884\u671f\u7684\u5bfc\u51fa\u5de5\u4f5c\uff0c\u4f46\u5728Mac\u4e0a\u5982\u679c\u4e0d\u6267\u884cexport\u547d\u4ee4\u5c31\u65e0\u6cd5\u5c06\u5176\u6ce8\u518c\u4e3a\u73af\u5883\u53d8\u91cf…
        \n\u6211\u4e0d\u60f3\u6bcf\u6b21\u90fd\u521b\u5efa\u8fd9\u6837\u7684Shell\u811a\u672c\u6765\u4fee\u6539\u73af\u5883\u53d8\u91cf\u5e76\u6267\u884c\u3002<\/p>\n
        #!\/bin\/sh<\/span>\r\n# \u30d5\u30a1\u30a4\u30eb\u30921\u884c\u305a\u3064\u8aad\u307f\u8fbc\u3093\u3067\u8868\u793a<\/span>\r\n\r\nTESTFILE<\/span>=<\/span>.\/.env\r\nwhile <\/span>read <\/span>line;<\/span> do\r\n    <\/span>export<\/span> $line<\/span>\r\ndone<\/span> < $TESTFILE<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
        \u6240\u4ee5\uff0c\u8ba9\u6211\u4eec\u6d88\u9664\u8fd9\u79cd\u6d6a\u8d39\u5427\u3002<\/p>\n
        \u4f7f\u7528django-environ\u5e93<\/h1>\n
        Github
        \nhttps:\/\/github.com\/joke2k\/django-environ
        \n\u611f\u8c22(-\u4eba-)<\/p>\n
        \u5f15\u5165<\/h2>\n
        $ pip install django-environ\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
        \u4fee\u6539\u73af\u5883\u53d8\u91cf\u8bbe\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6<\/h2>\n
        # MySQL\r\nDATABASE_URL=mysql:\/\/hogehoge:hogepass@127.0.0.1:3306\/db_name\r\n\r\n# AWS Settings\r\nDJANGO_AWS_S3_BUCKET_NAME=huga-storage\r\nDJANGO_AWS_ACCESS_KEY=xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx\r\nDJANGO_AWS_SECRET_KEY=xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
        \u6539\u5584settings.py\u6587\u4ef6<\/h2>\n
        import<\/span> environ<\/span>\r\n\r\n# settings.py\u306e\u4f4d\u7f6e\u3092\u8d77\u70b9\u3068\u3057\u3066\uff13\u3064\u4e0a\u306e\u89aa\u30c7\u30a3\u30ec\u30af\u30c8\u30ea\u3092\u53c2\u7167\u3002\r\n<\/span>BASE_DIR<\/span> =<\/span> environ<\/span>.<\/span>Path<\/span>(<\/span>__file__<\/span>)<\/span> -<\/span> 3<\/span>\r\n\r\nenv<\/span> =<\/span> environ<\/span>.<\/span>Env<\/span>()<\/span>\r\n\r\n# \u74b0\u5883\u5909\u6570\u3067DJANGO_READ_ENV_FILE\u3092True\u306b\u3057\u3066\u304a\u304f\u3068.env\u3092\u8aad\u3093\u3067\u304f\u308c\u308b\u3002\r\n<\/span>READ_ENV_FILE<\/span> =<\/span> env<\/span>.<\/span>bool<\/span>(<\/span>'DJANGO_READ_ENV_FILE'<\/span>,<\/span> default<\/span>=<\/span>False<\/span>)<\/span>\r\nif<\/span> READ_ENV_FILE<\/span>:<\/span>\r\n    env_file<\/span> =<\/span> str<\/span>(<\/span>BASE_DIR<\/span>.<\/span>path<\/span>(<\/span>'.env'<\/span>))<\/span>\r\n    env<\/span>.<\/span>read_env<\/span>(<\/span>env_file<\/span>)<\/span>\r\n\r\n\u30fb\u30fb\u30fb<\/span>\r\n\r\nAWS_S3_BUCKET_NAME<\/span>=<\/span>env<\/span>(<\/span>'DJANGO_AWS_S3_BUCKET_NAME'<\/span>)<\/span>\r\nAWS_ACCESS_KEY<\/span>=<\/span>env<\/span>(<\/span>'DJANGO_AWS_ACCESS_KEY'<\/span>)<\/span>\r\nAWS_SECRET_KEY<\/span>=<\/span>env<\/span>(<\/span>'DJANGO_AWS_SECRET_KEY'<\/span>)<\/span>\r\n\r\nDATABASES<\/span> =<\/span> {<\/span>\r\n    'default'<\/span>:<\/span> env<\/span>.<\/span>db<\/span>()<\/span> # \u30c7\u30d5\u30a9\u30eb\u30c8\u3067DATABASE_URL\u306e\u74b0\u5883\u5909\u6570\u3092\u5206\u89e3\u3057\u3066\u304f\u308c\u308b\r\n<\/span>}<\/span>\r\n\r\n\u30fb\u30fb\u30fb<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
        \u4f7f\u7528\u4e2d\u56fd\u672c\u5730\u8bed\u8a00\u8fdb\u884c\u518d\u8ff0\uff0c\u53ea\u9700\u4e00\u4e2a\u9009\u9879\uff1a<\/h2>\n
        \u79ef\u5206<\/p>\n
          \n
        • \n
            Mac\u306b\u74b0\u5883\u5909\u6570\u3092\u8a2d\u5b9a\u3057\u306a\u304f\u3066\u3082\u30011\u3064\u74b0\u5883\u5909\u6570\u3092True\u306b\u3057\u3066\u304a\u3051\u3070 .env \u3092\u8aad\u3093\u3067\u304f\u308c\u308b\u3002<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
             <\/p>\n
              \n
            • \n
                DATABASE_URL\u3068\u3044\u3046\u74b0\u5883\u5909\u6570\u3067\u4e00\u884c\u66f8\u304f\u3053\u3068\u3067DB\u306e\u5b9a\u7fa9\u304c\u3067\u304d\u308b<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
                 <\/p>\n
                  \u30c7\u30a3\u30ec\u30af\u30c8\u30ea\u306e\u30d9\u30fc\u30b9\u30c7\u30a3\u30ec\u30af\u30c8\u30ea\u5b9a\u7fa9\u306a\u3069\u304c\u30b9\u30c3\u30ad\u30ea\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/ul>\n
                  \u987a\u4fbf\u63d0\u4e00\u4e0b\uff0c\u9664\u4e86\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u4e4b\u5916\uff0c\u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u4e00\u884c\u4ee3\u7801\u5b9a\u4e49\u7f13\u5b58\u7b49\u5185\u5bb9\u3002
                  \n\u5982\u679c\u5c06DJANGO_READ_ENV_FILE\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e3aTrue\uff0c\u5373\u4f7f\u4fee\u6539\u4e86.env\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u6bcf\u6b21\u4e5f\u4f1a\u91cd\u65b0\u8bfb\u53d6\uff0c\u975e\u5e38\u65b9\u4fbf\u3002<\/p>\n
                  \u603b\u7ed3<\/h1>\n
                  \u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u53ea\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u4f8b\u5b50\uff0c\u4f46\u5149\u662f\u8fd9\u6837\u5c31\u53d8\u5f97\u6e05\u6670\u6613\u8bfb\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u4e86\u3002
                  \n\u5c06\u5176\u4f5c\u4e3a\u73af\u5883\u53d8\u91cf\u8fd8\u80fd\u589e\u52a0\u5b89\u5168\u6027\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u4e0d\u518d\u9700\u8981\u5728\u5f00\u53d1\u548c\u751f\u4ea7\u73af\u5883\u4e2d\u5207\u6362\u8bbe\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\u3002
                  \n\u7531\u4e8e\u5f00\u6e90\u8f6f\u4ef6\u6bcf\u5929\u90fd\u5728\u8fdb\u884c\u6dfb\u52a0\u3001\u6539\u8fdb\u7b49\u5de5\u4f5c\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u786e\u4fdd\u6ca1\u6709\u7075\u6d3b\u9002\u5e94\u9700\u6c42\u7684\u5e93\u4e00\u76f4\u5b58\u5728\u3002
                  \n\u540c\u65f6\uff0c\u4e0d\u8981\u5b8c\u5168\u4f9d\u8d56\u4ed6\u4eba\u5f00\u53d1\u7684\u5e93\uff0c\u4e5f\u8981\u79ef\u6781\u5730\u5bf9\u5f00\u6e90\u8f6f\u4ef6\u505a\u8d21\u732e\uff01<\/p>\n
                  \u8ba9\u6211\u4eecOSS\u4eba\u751f\u5427\uff01<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
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