{"id":49915,"date":"2024-01-07T04:27:45","date_gmt":"2023-12-10T12:37:38","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.silicloud.com\/zh\/blog\/%e5%a4%87%e5%bf%98%e5%bd%95%ef%bc%9a%e4%bd%bf%e7%94%a8python-django%ef%bc%8c%e5%9c%a8postgres%e4%b8%8a%e5%88%9b%e5%bb%ba%e7%ae%80%e5%8d%95%e7%9a%84%e7%95%8c%e9%9d%a2%e3%80%82\/"},"modified":"2024-05-04T17:14:43","modified_gmt":"2024-05-04T09:14:43","slug":"%e5%a4%87%e5%bf%98%e5%bd%95%ef%bc%9a%e4%bd%bf%e7%94%a8python-django%ef%bc%8c%e5%9c%a8postgres%e4%b8%8a%e5%88%9b%e5%bb%ba%e7%ae%80%e5%8d%95%e7%9a%84%e7%95%8c%e9%9d%a2%e3%80%82","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.silicloud.com\/zh\/blog\/%e5%a4%87%e5%bf%98%e5%bd%95%ef%bc%9a%e4%bd%bf%e7%94%a8python-django%ef%bc%8c%e5%9c%a8postgres%e4%b8%8a%e5%88%9b%e5%bb%ba%e7%ae%80%e5%8d%95%e7%9a%84%e7%95%8c%e9%9d%a2%e3%80%82\/","title":{"rendered":"\u5907\u5fd8\u5f55\uff1a\u4f7f\u7528Python + Django\uff0c\u5728Postgres\u4e0a\u521b\u5efa\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u754c\u9762"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u53ea\u4f7f\u7528Windows + Python3.9\u6765\u5b8c\u6210\u3002Django\u7248\u672c\u4e3a3.2.8\u3002
\n\u6b64\u6b21\u4e0d\u662f\u8003\u8651\u4f7f\u7528REST\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u5047\u8bbe\u4f7f\u7528\u666e\u901a\u7684\u754c\u9762\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u4e0d\u4f7f\u7528Django REST\u6846\u67b6\u3002<\/p>\n

Django\u7684\u51c6\u5907<\/h2>\n

\u5047\u8bbe\u5df2\u7ecf\u5b89\u88c5\u4e86Python\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5148\u8bd5\u8bd5\u5728\u865a\u62df\u73af\u5883\u4e2d\u8fd0\u884c\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u9700\u8981\u5b89\u88c5virtualenv\uff1a
\npip install virtualenv
\n\u5728\u9002\u5f53\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u5939\u521b\u5efa\u73af\u5883\uff1a
\nvirtualenv env1
\n\u8fdb\u5165\u73af\u5883\uff1a
\nScript\/activate.bat\u6267\u884c
\n\u7136\u540e\u76f4\u63a5\u7528pip\u5b89\u88c5\uff1a
\npip install django
\n\u63a5\u7740\u5c1d\u8bd5\u786e\u8ba4\u5bfc\u5165\u662f\u5426\u6b63\u5e38\uff1a
\npy
\nimport django
\nprint(django.get_version())<\/p>\n

\u7ed8\u5236\u56fe\u50cf<\/h2>\n

\u6682\u65f6\u5728\u5df2\u521b\u5efa\u7684\u865a\u62df\u73af\u5883\u5185\u521b\u5efa\u6d4b\u8bd5\u9879\u76ee
\ndjango-admin startproject tespt
\n\u8fdb\u5165\u8be5\u9879\u76ee\u5e76\u542f\u52a8\u3002<\/p>\n

(env1) C:\\python\\env1\\testpj>py manage.py runserver\r\nWatching for file changes with StatReloader\r\nPerforming system checks...\r\n\r\nSystem check identified no issues (0 silenced).\r\nYou have 18 unapplied migration(s). Your project may not work properly until you apply the\r\nRun 'python manage.py migrate' to apply them.\r\nOctober 19, 2021 - 16:06:43\r\nDjango version 3.2.8, using settings 'testpj.settings'\r\nStarting development server at http:\/\/127.0.0.1:8000\/\r\nQuit the server with CTRL-BREAK.\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u5f53\u66f4\u65b0\u8b66\u62a5\u51fa\u73b0\u65f6\uff0c\u65e0\u89c6\u5b83\u5e76\u8fde\u63a5\u5230localhost:8000\uff0c\u5c4f\u5e55\u4e0a\u5c06\u663e\u793a\u201c\u5b89\u88c5\u6210\u529f\uff01\u606d\u559c\uff01\u201d\u5e76\u542f\u52a8\u3002<\/p>\n
\u6211\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u540d\u4e3amyapp\u7684\u9879\u76ee\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528python manage.py startapp myapp\u3002<\/p>\n
\u5c06testpj\u7684settings.py\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u7684INSTALLED_APPS\u6dfb\u52a0<\/p>\n
INSTALLED_APPS = [\r\n    'myapp',\r\n    'django.contrib.admin',\r\n    'django.contrib.auth',\r\n    'django.contrib.contenttypes',\r\n    'django.contrib.sessions',\r\n    'django.contrib.messages',\r\n    'django.contrib.staticfiles',\r\n]\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u5728\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e\u7684urls.py\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u6dfb\u52a0include\u8bed\u53e5\u6765\u67e5\u770bmyapp\u7684urls\u3002
\n\u203b\u9700\u8981\u5728from\u8bed\u53e5\u4e2d\u6dfb\u52a0include\u3002<\/p>\n
urlpatterns = [\r\n    path('admin\/', admin.site.urls),\r\n    path('myapp\/', include('myapp.urls')),\r\n]\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u4e3a\u4e86\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u9002\u5f53\u663e\u793a\u7684\u754c\u9762\uff0c
\n\u6682\u65f6\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2atemplates\u6587\u4ef6\u5939\u5e76\u653e\u7f6eindex.html\u6587\u4ef6\u3002(\u4f7f\u7528UTF-8\u7f16\u5199)
\n\u7531\u4e8e\u5728\u9879\u76ee\u7684\u6839\u76ee\u5f55\u4e0b\u521b\u5efa\u4e86templates\u6587\u4ef6\u5939\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u9700\u8981\u4fee\u6539setting.py\u6587\u4ef6\u3002<\/p>\n
<!DOCTYPE html>\r\n<html lang=\"ja\">\r\n<head>\r\n    <meta charset=\"utf-8\">\r\n    <title>\u30c6\u30b9\u30c8<\/title>\r\n<\/head>\r\n<body>\r\n    <h1>\u30c6\u30b9\u30c8<\/h1>\r\n    <div>{{message}}<\/div>\r\n<\/body>\r\n<\/html>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
TEMPLATES<\/span> =<\/span> [<\/span>\r\n    {<\/span>\r\n        'BACKEND'<\/span>:<\/span> 'django.template.backends.django.DjangoTemplates'<\/span>,<\/span>\r\n        'DIRS'<\/span>:<\/span> [<\/span> BASE_DIR<\/span>\/<\/span>'templates'<\/span>],<\/span> \u2605<\/span>\u3053\u3053\u3092\u5909\u66f4<\/span>\r\n        'APP_DIRS'<\/span>:<\/span> True<\/span>,<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u5728view.py\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u8bbe\u7f6e\u8bbf\u95ee\u8be5\u6a21\u677f\u7684\u914d\u7f6e\u5e76\u4f20\u9012\u503c\u3002<\/p>\n
from django.shortcuts import render\r\nfrom django.http import HttpResponse\r\n\r\n# Create your views here.\r\ndef index(request):\r\n  params = {\r\n    'message':'\u30e1\u30c3\u30bb\u30fc\u30b8'\r\n  }\r\n  return render(request, 'myapp\/index.html', params)\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u6211\u8fde\u4e0a\u4e86 http:\/\/localhost:8000\/myapp\/\u3002<\/p>\n
\u4e0ePostgres\u7684\u8fde\u63a5<\/h2>\n
\u7531\u4e8e\u9700\u8981 psycopg2 \u548c psycopg2-binary\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7 pip \u8fdb\u884c\u5b89\u88c5\u3002
\n\u66f4\u6539 settings.py \u7684\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u8bbe\u7f6e\u3002<\/p>\n
\u53ea\u9700\u4e00\u4e2a\u9009\u9879\uff0c\u8bf7\u7528\u4e2d\u6587\u8fdb\u884c\u672c\u5730\u5316\u6539\u5199\uff1a<\/p>\n
OR\u6620\u5c04\u5f88\u9ebb\u70e6\u3002\u636e\u8bf4\u53ef\u4ee5\u6267\u884c\u539f\u59cb\u7684SQL\u3002\u5148\u8bd5\u8bd5\u8fc1\u79fb\uff0c\u597d\u50cf\u662f\u5fc5\u8981\u7684\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u8fdb\u884c\u4e00\u6b21\u6267\u884c\u3002<\/p>\n
\u8fd0\u884c\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u751f\u6210\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u8fc1\u79fb\u6587\u4ef6\uff1a
\npython manage.py makemigrations
\n\u7136\u540e\u6267\u884c\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u8fdb\u884c\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u8fc1\u79fb\uff1a
\npython manage.py migrate<\/p>\n
\u5c1d\u8bd5\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u8d85\u7ea7\u7528\u6237
\n\u8fd0\u884cpython manage.py createsuperuser\u547d\u4ee4<\/p>\n
\u5230\u76ee\u524d\u4e3a\u6b62\u5f88\u5bb9\u6613\u3002
\n\u5982\u679c\u60f3\u8981\u4ece\u73b0\u6709\u8868\u4e2d\u62c9\u53d6\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u53ea\u9700\u7b80\u5355\u5730\u6267\u884cSQL\u67e5\u8be2\u662f\u4e0d\u591f\u7684\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u7c7b\u3002
\n\u53ef\u4ee5\u53c2\u8003\u8fd9\u7bc7\u6587\u7ae0\u6216\u5b98\u65b9\u6587\u6863\uff0c\u6267\u884cpython manage.py inspectdb\u547d\u4ee4\uff0c\u4ee5\u521b\u5efa\u4e4b\u524d\u5728Node.js\u4e2d\u6d4b\u8bd5\u8fc7\u7684\u8868\u7684\u7c7b\u3002<\/p>\n
class<\/span> Test<\/span>(<\/span>models<\/span>.<\/span>Model<\/span>):<\/span>\r\n    id<\/span> =<\/span> models<\/span>.<\/span>IntegerField<\/span>(<\/span>blank<\/span>=<\/span>True<\/span>,<\/span> null<\/span>=<\/span>True<\/span>)<\/span>\r\n    name<\/span> =<\/span> models<\/span>.<\/span>CharField<\/span>(<\/span>max_length<\/span>=<\/span>50<\/span>,<\/span> blank<\/span>=<\/span>True<\/span>,<\/span> null<\/span>=<\/span>True<\/span>)<\/span>\r\n\r\n    class<\/span> Meta<\/span>:<\/span>\r\n        managed<\/span> =<\/span> False<\/span>\r\n        db_table<\/span> =<\/span> 'test'<\/span>\r\n\r\n\r\nclass<\/span> Usr<\/span>(<\/span>models<\/span>.<\/span>Model<\/span>):<\/span>\r\n    usr<\/span> =<\/span> models<\/span>.<\/span>CharField<\/span>(<\/span>max_length<\/span>=<\/span>100<\/span>,<\/span> blank<\/span>=<\/span>True<\/span>,<\/span> null<\/span>=<\/span>True<\/span>)<\/span>\r\n    pass_field<\/span> =<\/span> models<\/span>.<\/span>CharField<\/span>(<\/span>db_column<\/span>=<\/span>'pass'<\/span>,<\/span> max_length<\/span>=<\/span>100<\/span>,<\/span> blank<\/span>=<\/span>True<\/span>,<\/span> null<\/span>=<\/span>True<\/span>)<\/span>  # Field renamed because it was a Python reserved word.\r\n<\/span>\r\n    class<\/span> Meta<\/span>:<\/span>\r\n        managed<\/span> =<\/span> False<\/span>\r\n        db_table<\/span> =<\/span> 'usr'<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\uff0c\u4f5c\u4e3aDjango\u7684\u9650\u5236\uff0cid\u5217\u4f3c\u4e4e\u53d7\u5230\u4e3b\u952e\u7684\u9650\u5236\u3002
\n\u867d\u7136\u6ca1\u6709\u5728\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u7aef\u8fdb\u884c\u8bbe\u7f6e\uff0c\u4f46\u6682\u65f6\u5c06\u4e0a\u8ff0\u9009\u9879\u66f4\u6539\u4e3anull=False\uff0cprimary_key=True\u3002
\n\u5728view.py\u4e2d\u5199\u5165\u67e5\u8be2\u8bed\u53e5\uff0c\u5e76\u8fdb\u884c\u5f3a\u5236\u8f93\u51fa\u3002<\/p>\n
def<\/span> index<\/span>(<\/span>request<\/span>):<\/span>\r\n  if<\/span> \"id\"<\/span> in<\/span> request<\/span>.<\/span>GET<\/span>:<\/span>\r\n    sql<\/span> =<\/span> \"SELECT id,name FROM test WHERE id = %(id)s\"<\/span>\r\n    params<\/span> =<\/span> {<\/span>\"id\"<\/span>:<\/span> request<\/span>.<\/span>GET<\/span>.<\/span>get<\/span>(<\/span>\"id\"<\/span>)}<\/span>\r\n    names<\/span> =<\/span> Test<\/span>.<\/span>objects<\/span>.<\/span>raw<\/span>(<\/span>sql<\/span>,<\/span> params<\/span>)<\/span>\r\n\r\n  v_params<\/span> =<\/span> {<\/span>\r\n    'message'<\/span>:<\/span> list<\/span>(<\/span>names<\/span>)[<\/span>0<\/span>].<\/span>name<\/span> if<\/span> len<\/span>(<\/span>list<\/span>(<\/span>names<\/span>))<\/span> ==<\/span> 1<\/span> else<\/span> 'NG'<\/span>\r\n  }<\/span>\r\n  return<\/span> render<\/span>(<\/span>request<\/span>,<\/span> 'myapp\/index.html'<\/span>,<\/span> v_params<\/span>)<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u636e\u8bf4\uff0c\u770b\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5730\u65b9\uff0c\u5373\u4f7f\u4e0d\u5b9a\u4e49\u6a21\u578b\u4e5f\u80fd\u6267\u884cSQL\u67e5\u8be2\u3002<\/p>\n
\u867d\u7136\u6211\u4e0d\u592a\u719f\u6089Python\uff0c\u4f46\u5e76\u4e0d\u662f\u7279\u522b\u559c\u6b22\u8fd9\u79cd\u611f\u89c9\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
\u53ea\u4f7f\u7528Windows + Python3.9\u6765\u5b8c\u6210\u3002Django\u7248\u672c\u4e3a3.2.8\u3002 \u6b64\u6b21\u4e0d\u662f\u8003\u8651\u4f7f\u7528REST\uff0c […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-49915","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-uncategorized"],"yoast_head":"\n\u5907\u5fd8\u5f55\uff1a\u4f7f\u7528Python + Django\uff0c\u5728Postgres\u4e0a\u521b\u5efa\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u754c\u9762 - Blog - Silicon Cloud<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.silicloud.com\/zh\/blog\/\u5907\u5fd8\u5f55\uff1a\u4f7f\u7528python-django\uff0c\u5728postgres\u4e0a\u521b\u5efa\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u754c\u9762\u3002\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"zh_CN\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"\u5907\u5fd8\u5f55\uff1a\u4f7f\u7528Python + Django\uff0c\u5728Postgres\u4e0a\u521b\u5efa\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u754c\u9762\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"\u53ea\u4f7f\u7528Windows + Python3.9\u6765\u5b8c\u6210\u3002Django\u7248\u672c\u4e3a3.2.8\u3002 \u6b64\u6b21\u4e0d\u662f\u8003\u8651\u4f7f\u7528REST\uff0c […]\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/www.silicloud.com\/zh\/blog\/\u5907\u5fd8\u5f55\uff1a\u4f7f\u7528python-django\uff0c\u5728postgres\u4e0a\u521b\u5efa\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u754c\u9762\u3002\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Blog - 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