{"id":49903,"date":"2023-07-08T07:31:18","date_gmt":"2023-01-12T10:24:51","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.silicloud.com\/zh\/blog\/%e6%88%91%e6%89%93%e7%ae%97%e7%94%a8django%e4%bb%8e%e5%a4%b4%e5%bc%80%e5%a7%8b%e5%88%b6%e4%bd%9c%e4%b8%80%e4%b8%aa%e8%ae%ba%e5%9d%9b%e5%ba%94%e7%94%a8%e7%a8%8b%e5%ba%8f%e3%80%82%ef%bc%88%e7%ac%ac2\/"},"modified":"2024-04-30T12:34:59","modified_gmt":"2024-04-30T04:34:59","slug":"%e6%88%91%e6%89%93%e7%ae%97%e7%94%a8django%e4%bb%8e%e5%a4%b4%e5%bc%80%e5%a7%8b%e5%88%b6%e4%bd%9c%e4%b8%80%e4%b8%aa%e8%ae%ba%e5%9d%9b%e5%ba%94%e7%94%a8%e7%a8%8b%e5%ba%8f%e3%80%82%ef%bc%88%e7%ac%ac2","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.silicloud.com\/zh\/blog\/%e6%88%91%e6%89%93%e7%ae%97%e7%94%a8django%e4%bb%8e%e5%a4%b4%e5%bc%80%e5%a7%8b%e5%88%b6%e4%bd%9c%e4%b8%80%e4%b8%aa%e8%ae%ba%e5%9d%9b%e5%ba%94%e7%94%a8%e7%a8%8b%e5%ba%8f%e3%80%82%ef%bc%88%e7%ac%ac2\/","title":{"rendered":"\u6211\u6253\u7b97\u7528Django\u4ece\u5934\u5f00\u59cb\u5236\u4f5c\u4e00\u4e2a\u8bba\u575b\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u3002\uff08\u7b2c2\u90e8\u5206\uff09"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u8fd9\u662f\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u94fe\u63a5\uff1a
\nhttps:\/\/qiita.com\/TuruMaru\/items\/4df41577fb9f722c7864<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

\u521b\u5efa\u6570\u636e\u5e93<\/h1>\n

\u6211\u6b63\u5728\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u6570\u636e\u5e93\uff0c\u4e3a\u6b64\u9996\u5148\u9700\u8981\u5728models.py\u4e2d\u5199\u5165\u8868\u683c\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u3002<\/p>\n

\r\nfrom<\/span> django.db<\/span> import<\/span> models<\/span>\r\n#timezone\u3092\u4f7f\u3046\u305f\u3081\u306b\u30a4\u30f3\u30dd\u30fc\u30c8\r\n<\/span>from<\/span> django.utils<\/span> import<\/span> timezone<\/span>\r\n\r\n# Create your models here.\r\n<\/span>\r\n#models.Model\u3092\u66f8\u304f\u306e\u306f\u304a\u6c7a\u307e\u308a\r\n<\/span>class<\/span> Posts<\/span>(<\/span>models<\/span>.<\/span>Model<\/span>):<\/span>\r\n\r\n    #Meta\u3068\u304bobject\u3068\u304b\u306f\u304a\u307e\u3058\u306a\u3044\r\n<\/span>    class<\/span> Meta<\/span>(<\/span>object<\/span>):<\/span>\r\n        #\u4f5c\u6210\u3055\u308c\u308b\u30c6\u30fc\u30d6\u30eb\u540d\u3092\u6307\u5b9a\r\n<\/span>        db_table<\/span> =<\/span> 'posts'<\/span>\r\n\r\n    #\u30ab\u30e9\u30e0\u540d=\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u306e\u5f62\u5f0f(\u7ba1\u7406\u753b\u9762\u306b\u8868\u793a\u3055\u308c\u308b\u540d\u524d,\u305d\u306e\u4ed6\u306e\u5236\u7d04)\r\n<\/span>    text<\/span> =<\/span> models<\/span>.<\/span>CharField<\/span>(<\/span>verbose_name<\/span>=<\/span>'\u672c\u6587'<\/span>,<\/span> max_length<\/span>=<\/span>255<\/span>)<\/span>\r\n    created_at<\/span> =<\/span> models<\/span>.<\/span>DateField<\/span>(<\/span>verbose_name<\/span>=<\/span>'\u4f5c\u6210\u65e5'<\/span>,<\/span> default<\/span>=<\/span>timezone<\/span>.<\/span>now<\/span>)<\/span>\r\n\r\n    #\u7ba1\u7406\u753b\u9762\u306b\u8868\u793a\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3088\u3046\u306b\u8a2d\u5b9a(\u304a\u307e\u3058\u306a\u3044)\r\n<\/span>    def<\/span> __str__<\/span>(<\/span>self<\/span>):<\/span>\r\n        return<\/span> self<\/span>.<\/span>text<\/span>,<\/span> self<\/span>.<\/span>created_at<\/span>\r\n\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u901a\u8fc7\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6b65\u9aa4\uff0c\u5df2\u7ecf\u51c6\u5907\u597d\u521b\u5efa\u540d\u4e3a “posts” \u7684\u8868\u3002
\n\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u6839\u636e\u8fd9\u4e9b\u64cd\u4f5c\u6765\u5728\u7ec8\u7aef\u4e2d\u8fdb\u884c\u3002<\/p>\n
$ python manage.py makemigrations posts\r\nMigrations for 'posts':\r\n  posts\/migrations\/0001_initial.py\r\n    - Create model Posts\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u7528\u8fd9\u4e2a\u547d\u4ee4\u521b\u5efa\u4e860001_initial.py\u6587\u4ef6\u3002
\n\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u8bb0\u5f55\u4e86\u5373\u5c06\u521b\u5efa\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u3002
\n\u4f46\u662f\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u547d\u4ee4\u8fd8\u6ca1\u6709\u521b\u5efa\u6570\u636e\u5e93\uff0c\u8fd8\u5728\u51c6\u5907\u9636\u6bb5\u3002<\/p>\n
$ python manage.py sqlmigrate posts 0001\r\nBEGIN;\r\n--\r\n-- Create model Posts\r\n--\r\nCREATE TABLE \"posts\" (\"id\" integer NOT NULL PRIMARY KEY AUTOINCREMENT, \"text\" varchar(255) NOT NULL, \"created_at\" date NOT NULL);\r\nCOMMIT;\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u521b\u5efa\u8868\u65f6\u901a\u8fc7\u6b64\u547d\u4ee4\u67e5\u770b\u5230\u751f\u6210\u7684SQL\u4ee3\u7801\u3002<\/p>\n
$ python manage.py migrate\r\nOperations to perform:\r\n  Apply all migrations: admin, auth, contenttypes, posts, sessions\r\nRunning migrations:\r\n  Applying posts.0001_initial... OK\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u597d\u7684\uff0c\u6211\u5df2\u7d93\u5b8c\u6210\u4e86\u3002\u975e\u5e38\u611f\u8b1d\u4f60\u3002<\/p>\n
\u867d\u7136\u5728\u7ba1\u7406\u754c\u9762\u4e0a\u8fdb\u884c\u786e\u8ba4\u9700\u8981\u4e00\u4e9b\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u4f46\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\u5c31\u4e0d\u8be6\u7ec6\u8bf4\u660e\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n
\u8ba9\u901a\u9053\u901a\u8fc7<\/h1>\n
\u5982\u679c\u4e0d\u8fdb\u884c\u901a\u9053\u8bbe\u5b9a\u5de5\u4f5c\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u5373\u4f7f\u5199\u4e86\u5f88\u597d\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\uff0c\u4e5f\u65e0\u6cd5\u5728\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u4e0a\u663e\u793a\u51fa\u6765\u3002\u56e0\u4e3a\u8fd8\u6709\u5176\u4ed6\u7684\u8bbe\u5b9a\u8981\u505a\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u6211\u4eec\u6700\u597d\u5148\u5904\u7406\u5b83\u4eec\u3002<\/p>\n
INSTALLED_APPS<\/span> =<\/span> [<\/span>\r\n    'django.contrib.admin'<\/span>,<\/span>\r\n    'django.contrib.auth'<\/span>,<\/span>\r\n    'django.contrib.contenttypes'<\/span>,<\/span>\r\n    'django.contrib.sessions'<\/span>,<\/span>\r\n    'django.contrib.messages'<\/span>,<\/span>\r\n    'django.contrib.staticfiles'<\/span>,<\/span>\r\n    #\u3053\u3053\u304b\u3089\u8ffd\u52a0\u90e8\u5206\r\n<\/span>    'posts'<\/span>,<\/span>\r\n    'templates'<\/span>,<\/span>\r\n]<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u5728\u521b\u5efa\u5b8c\u6210\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u540e\uff0c\u8bf7\u5c06\u5176\u8ffd\u52a0\u5230INSTALLED_APPS\u4e2d\u3002<\/p>\n
TEMPLATES<\/span> =<\/span> [<\/span>\r\n    {<\/span>\r\n        'BACKEND'<\/span>:<\/span> 'django.template.backends.django.DjangoTemplates'<\/span>,<\/span>\r\n        #\u2193\u3053\u30531\u884c\u3092\u8ffd\u52a0\r\n<\/span>        'DIRS'<\/span>:<\/span> [<\/span>os<\/span>.<\/span>path<\/span>.<\/span>join<\/span>(<\/span>BASE_DIR<\/span>,<\/span> 'templates'<\/span>)],<\/span>\r\n        'APP_DIRS'<\/span>:<\/span> True<\/span>,<\/span>\r\n        'OPTIONS'<\/span>:<\/span> {<\/span>\r\n            'context_processors'<\/span>:<\/span> [<\/span>\r\n                'django.template.context_processors.debug'<\/span>,<\/span>\r\n                'django.template.context_processors.request'<\/span>,<\/span>\r\n                'django.contrib.auth.context_processors.auth'<\/span>,<\/span>\r\n                'django.contrib.messages.context_processors.messages'<\/span>,<\/span>\r\n            ],<\/span>\r\n        },<\/span>\r\n    },<\/span>\r\n]<\/span>\r\n\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u6211\u4f1a\u544a\u8bc9Python\uff0c\u6211\u521b\u5efa\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u540d\u4e3a”templates”\u7684\u76ee\u5f55\u3002<\/p>\n
\u53e6\u5916\uff0c\u4e3a\u4e86\u8fdb\u884c\u64cd\u4f5c\u786e\u8ba4\uff0c\u6211\u4e5f\u4f1a\u7a0d\u5fae\u7f16\u5199views.py\u548chtml\u3002<\/p>\n
from<\/span> django.shortcuts<\/span> import<\/span> render<\/span>\r\n\r\n# Create your views here.\r\n<\/span>from<\/span> django.views.generic<\/span> import<\/span> View<\/span>\r\n\r\n\r\nclass<\/span> IndexView<\/span>(<\/span>View<\/span>):<\/span>\r\n    def<\/span> get<\/span>(<\/span>self<\/span>,<\/span>request<\/span>,<\/span> *<\/span>args<\/span>,<\/span> **<\/span>kwargs<\/span>):<\/span>\r\n        return<\/span> render<\/span>(<\/span>request<\/span>,<\/span> 'posts\/post.html'<\/span>)<\/span>\r\n\r\n\r\nindex<\/span> =<\/span> IndexView<\/span>.<\/span>as_view<\/span>()<\/span>\r\n\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
<!DOCTYPE html><\/span>\r\n<html><\/span>\r\n<head><\/span>\r\n    <meta<\/span> charset=<\/span>\"utf-8\"<\/span>><\/span>\r\n    <title><\/span>{% block page_title %}{% endblock %}<\/title><\/span>\r\n<\/head><\/span>\r\n<body><\/span>\r\n<hr><\/span>\r\n<h1><\/span>{% block title %}{% endblock %}<\/h1><\/span>\r\n<hr><\/span>\r\n{% block content%}{% endblock %}\r\n<hr><\/span>\r\n<\/body><\/span>\r\n<\/html><\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
{% extends \"base.html\" %}\r\n{% block page_title %}post{% endblock %}\r\n{% block title %}post{% endblock %}\r\n{% block content %}\r\n    <h1><\/span>Posts<\/h1><\/span>\r\n{% endblock %}\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u901a\u5e38\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4f1a\u5c06base.html\u4f5c\u4e3a\u6240\u6709\u9875\u9762\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u6a21\u677f\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u5c06post.html\u7b49\u9875\u9762\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u653e\u5165\u5176\u4e2d\u3002
\n\u63a5\u4e0b\u6765\u662f\u8981\u5f00\u59cb\u7f16\u5199urls.py\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n
from<\/span> django.contrib<\/span> import<\/span> admin<\/span>\r\nfrom<\/span> django.urls<\/span> import<\/span> include<\/span>,<\/span> path<\/span>\r\n\r\nurlpatterns<\/span> =<\/span> [<\/span>\r\n    path<\/span>(<\/span>'admin\/'<\/span>,<\/span> admin<\/span>.<\/span>site<\/span>.<\/span>urls<\/span>),<\/span>\r\n    path<\/span>(<\/span>''<\/span>,<\/span> include<\/span>(<\/span>'posts.urls'<\/span>)),<\/span>\r\n]<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
from<\/span> django.urls<\/span> import<\/span> path<\/span>\r\nfrom<\/span> .<\/span> import<\/span> views<\/span>\r\n\r\napp_name<\/span> =<\/span> 'posts'<\/span>\r\nurlpatterns<\/span> =<\/span> [<\/span>\r\n    path<\/span>(<\/span>''<\/span>,<\/span> views<\/span>.<\/span>index<\/span>,<\/span> name<\/span>=<\/span>'index'<\/span>),<\/span>\r\n]<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u8fd9\u6837\u505a\u7684\u8bdd\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u542f\u52a8\u672c\u5730\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u8fdb\u884c\u786e\u8ba4\u3002<\/p>\n
$python manage.py runserver 3000\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u90a3\u4e48\uff0c\u8ba9\u6211\u4eec\u5728Google\u6216\u5176\u4ed6\u5730\u65b9\u5c1d\u8bd5\u8f93\u5165localhost:3000\u3002<\/p>\n
\"\u30b9\u30af\u30ea\u30fc\u30f3\u30b7\u30e7\u30c3\u30c8<\/div>\n
\u5982\u679c\u4ee5\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u51fa\u73b0\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u4e0e\u5bc6\u7801\u6709\u5173\u7684\u90e8\u5206\u5c31\u5b8c\u6210\u4e86\u3002
\n\u63a5\u4e0b\u6765\uff0c\u8ba9\u6211\u4eec\u5f00\u59cb\u7f16\u5199\u63b2\u793a\u677f\u5e94\u7528\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u5427\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
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