{"id":49812,"date":"2023-06-11T06:13:34","date_gmt":"2024-02-18T00:33:56","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.silicloud.com\/zh\/blog\/django-heroku-whitenoise-aws-s3-%e7%94%a8%e4%ba%8eweb%e5%ba%94%e7%94%a8%e7%9a%84%e9%83%a8%e7%bd%b2\/"},"modified":"2024-04-30T08:19:16","modified_gmt":"2024-04-30T00:19:16","slug":"django-heroku-whitenoise-aws-s3-%e7%94%a8%e4%ba%8eweb%e5%ba%94%e7%94%a8%e7%9a%84%e9%83%a8%e7%bd%b2","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.silicloud.com\/zh\/blog\/django-heroku-whitenoise-aws-s3-%e7%94%a8%e4%ba%8eweb%e5%ba%94%e7%94%a8%e7%9a%84%e9%83%a8%e7%bd%b2\/","title":{"rendered":"Django + Heroku + WhiteNoise + AWS S3 \u7528\u4e8eWeb\u5e94\u7528\u7684\u90e8\u7f72"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u9996\u5148<\/h1>\n

\u4e3a\u4e86\u5c06\u4f7f\u7528Django\u521b\u5efa\u7684Web\u5e94\u7528\u90e8\u7f72\u5230Heroku\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u4f7f\u7528WhiteNoise\u7ba1\u7406\u9759\u6001\u6587\u4ef6\u548c\u5c06\u56fe\u50cf\u5b58\u50a8\u4e0eAWS\u8fdb\u884c\u5bf9\u63a5\uff0c\u6709\u4e00\u4e9b\u96f6\u6563\u89e3\u91ca\u7684\u6587\u7ae0\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u7531\u4e8e\u7f3a\u4e4f\u603b\u7ed3\u6574\u4e2a\u6d41\u7a0b\u7684\u6587\u7ae0\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u672c\u6587\u5c06\u8bd5\u56fe\u6982\u62ec\u5e76\u89e3\u91ca\u8fd9\u4e00\u8fc7\u7a0b\u3002<\/p>\n

\u7b80\u800c\u8a00\u4e4b<\/h1>\n

\u5728\u672c\u6587\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u89e3\u91ca\u5982\u4f55\u4f7f\u7528Django\u521b\u5efa\u7684Web\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528WhiteNoise\u6765\u7ba1\u7406\u9759\u6001\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528AWS S3\u6765\u7ba1\u7406\u56fe\u50cf\u3001\u89c6\u9891\u7b49\u5a92\u4f53\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u5e76\u6700\u540e\u4f7f\u7528Heroku\u8fdb\u884c\u90e8\u7f72\u3002<\/p>\n

\u51c6\u5907<\/h1>\n
    \n
  1. \n
      \u4f7f\u7528Django\u521b\u5efaWeb\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f<\/ol>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

       <\/p>\n

        \n
      1. \n
          \u521b\u5efaAWS\u5e10\u6237<\/ol>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

           <\/p>\n

            \u521b\u5efaHeroku\u5e10\u6237<\/ol>\n

            Web\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u5f00\u53d1\u73af\u5883<\/h1>\n

            \u73af\u5883<\/h3>\n

            Python \u662f 3.6.7 \u7248\u672c
            \nDjango \u662f 1.11.15 \u7248\u672c<\/p>\n

            \u6837\u4f8b\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f<\/h3>\n

            \u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u6309\u7167\u4ee5\u4e0b\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7ed3\u6784\u6765\u8fdb\u884c\u3002<\/p>\n

            sample\r\n    \u251c\u2500\u2500Procfile\r\n    \u251c\u2500\u2500 blog\r\n    \u2502\u00a0\u00a0 \u251c\u2500\u2500 __init__.py\r\n    \u2502\u00a0\u00a0 \u251c\u2500\u2500 admin.py\r\n    \u2502\u00a0\u00a0 \u251c\u2500\u2500 apps.py\r\n    \u2502\u00a0\u00a0 \u251c\u2500\u2500 migrations\r\n    \u2502\u00a0\u00a0 \u2502\u00a0\u00a0 \u251c\u2500\u2500 __init__.py\r\n    \u2502   \u2502   \u2514\u2500\u2500 0001_initial.py\r\n    \u2502\u00a0\u00a0 \u251c\u2500\u2500 models.py\r\n    \u2502\u00a0\u00a0 \u251c\u2500\u2500 tests.py\r\n    \u2502\u00a0\u00a0 \u2514\u2500\u2500 views.py\r\n    \u251c\u2500\u2500 manage.py\r\n    \u251c\u2500\u2500 requirements.txt\r\n    \u251c\u2500\u2500 config\r\n    \u2502\u00a0\u00a0 \u251c\u2500\u2500 __init__.py\r\n    \u2502\u00a0\u00a0 \u251c\u2500\u2500 settings.py\r\n    \u2502\u00a0\u00a0 \u251c\u2500\u2500 urls.py\r\n    \u2502\u00a0\u00a0 \u2514\u2500\u2500 wsgi.py\r\n    \u251c\u2500\u2500 runtime.txt\r\n    \u251c\u2500\u2500 templates\r\n    \u251c\u2500\u2500 static            \r\n    \u2514\u2500\u2500 myvenv\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
            \u8bf7\u6ce8\u610f\uff0cmyvenv\u662fvirtualenv\uff08\u865a\u62df\u73af\u5883\uff09\u3002
            \n\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5047\u8bbe\u8fc1\u79fb\u6587\u4ef6\u5df2\u7ecf\u521b\u5efa\u3002\uff08python manage.py makemigrations\uff09<\/p>\n
            \u9996\u5148\uff0c\u60a8\u9700\u8981\u4f7f\u7528\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u6765\u542f\u52a8\u865a\u62df\u73af\u5883\u3002<\/p>\n
            $ source myvenv\/bin\/activate\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
            \u5404\u79cd\u8bbe\u7f6e (G\u00e8<\/h1>\n
            \u9996\u5148\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u5b89\u88c5\u6240\u9700\u7684\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5305\u3002<\/p>\n
            (myvenv)$<\/span> pip install <\/span>gunicorn \r\n(myvenv)$<\/span> pip install <\/span>dj-database-url\r\n(myvenv)$<\/span> pip install <\/span>psycopg2\r\n(myvenv)$<\/span> pip install <\/span>psycopg2-binary\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
            \u5728Prockfile\u4e2d\uff0c\u6307\u5b9a\u4e86wsgi.py\u7684\u5b58\u50a8\u4f4d\u7f6e\u5982\u4e0b\u3002<\/p>\n
            web: gunicorn config.wsgi\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
            \u63a5\u4e0b\u6765\uff0c\u5728runtime.txt\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u9700\u8981\u6309\u4ee5\u4e0b\u65b9\u5f0f\u8fdb\u884c\u63cf\u8ff0\u3002\uff08\u6307\u5b9a\u5728Heroku\u4e0a\u8fd0\u884c\u7684Python\u7248\u672c\uff09
            \n\u5982\u679c\u4e0d\u6307\u5b9aPython\u7684\u6700\u65b0\u7248\u672c\uff0c\u5c06\u4f1a\u4eceHeroku\u4e0a\u6536\u5230\u8b66\u544a\u3002<\/p>\n
            python-3.6.7\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
            \u63a5\u4e0b\u6765\u662f\u7f16\u8f91wsgi.py\u6587\u4ef6\u3002
            \n\u521d\u59cb\u72b6\u6001\u4e0b\uff0c\u76f8\u5e94\u90e8\u5206\u4e3a\u201c\u9879\u76ee\u540d.settings\u201d\uff0c\u4f46\u7531\u4e8e\u672c\u6b21\u914d\u7f6e\u4e0b\u6709settings.py\u6587\u4ef6\u5728config\u6587\u4ef6\u5939\u4e2d\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u5c06\u5176\u6539\u4e3a\u5982\u4e0b\u6240\u793a\u3002<\/p>\n
            import<\/span> os<\/span>\r\nfrom<\/span> django.core.wsgi<\/span> import<\/span> get_wsgi_application<\/span>\r\n\r\nos<\/span>.<\/span>environ<\/span>.<\/span>setdefault<\/span>(<\/span>\"DJANGO_SETTINGS_MODULE\"<\/span>,<\/span> \"config.settings\"<\/span>)<\/span> #\u5909\u66f4\r\n<\/span>\r\napplication<\/span> =<\/span> get_wsgi_application<\/span>()<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
            \u7531\u4e8eHeroku\u4e0d\u652f\u6301SQLite\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u9700\u8981\u5728setting.py\u4e2d\u6dfb\u52a0\u4ee5\u4e0b\u4ee3\u7801\u3002<\/p>\n
            import<\/span> dj_database_url<\/span>\r\ndb_from_env<\/span> =<\/span> dj_database_url<\/span>.<\/span>config<\/span>()<\/span>\r\nDATABASES<\/span>[<\/span>'default'<\/span>].<\/span>update<\/span>(<\/span>db_from_env<\/span>)<\/span>\r\nSECURE_PROXY_SSL_HEADER<\/span> =<\/span> (<\/span>'HTTP_X_FORWARDED_PROTO'<\/span>,<\/span> 'https'<\/span>)<\/span>\r\n\r\nDEBUG<\/span> =<\/span> False<\/span>\r\nALLOWED_HOSTS<\/span> =<\/span> [<\/span>'*'<\/span>]<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
            \u9759\u6001\u6587\u4ef6<\/h1>\n
            \u4e3a\u4e86\u7ba1\u7406\u9759\u6001\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u5b89\u88c5WhiteNoise\u3002<\/p>\n
            (myvenv)$<\/span> pip install <\/span>whitenoise\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
            \u63a5\u4e0b\u6765\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u7f16\u8f91settings.py\u6587\u4ef6\u3002
            \n\u5728MIDDLEWARE\u4e2d\u6dfb\u52a0whitenoise.middleware.WhiteNoiseMiddleware\u3002<\/p>\n
            MIDDLEWARE<\/span> =<\/span> [<\/span>\r\n    'django.middleware.security.SecurityMiddleware'<\/span>,<\/span>\r\n    'whitenoise.middleware.WhiteNoiseMiddleware'<\/span>,<\/span> #\u8ffd\u52a0\r\n<\/span>    'django.contrib.sessions.middleware.SessionMiddleware'<\/span>,<\/span>\r\n    'django.middleware.common.CommonMiddleware'<\/span>,<\/span>\r\n    'django.middleware.csrf.CsrfViewMiddleware'<\/span>,<\/span>\r\n    'django.contrib.auth.middleware.AuthenticationMiddleware'<\/span>,<\/span>\r\n    'django.contrib.messages.middleware.MessageMiddleware'<\/span>,<\/span>\r\n    'django.middleware.clickjacking.XFrameOptionsMiddleware'<\/span>,<\/span>\r\n]<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
            \u53ef\u4ee5\u5728settings.py\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u6dfb\u52a0\u4ee5\u4e0b\u4ee3\u7801\u3002<\/p>\n
            STATIC_URL<\/span> =<\/span> '\/static\/'<\/span>\r\nSTATICFILES_DIRS<\/span> =<\/span> [<\/span>os<\/span>.<\/span>path<\/span>.<\/span>join<\/span>(<\/span>BASE_DIR<\/span>,<\/span> 'static'<\/span>)]<\/span>\r\nSTATIC_ROOT<\/span> =<\/span> os<\/span>.<\/span>path<\/span>.<\/span>join<\/span>(<\/span>BASE_DIR<\/span>,<\/span> 'static_root'<\/span>)<\/span>\r\nSTATICFILES_STORAGE<\/span> =<\/span> 'whitenoise.storage.CompressedManifestStaticFilesStorage'<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
            \u8bf7\u6267\u884c\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\uff0c\u6700\u540e\u4f1a\u751f\u6210\u4e00\u4e2a\u540d\u4e3astatic_root\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u5939\u3002\u8fd9\u6837\u9759\u6001\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u51c6\u5907\u5de5\u4f5c\u5c31\u5b8c\u6210\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n
            (myvenv)$<\/span> python manage.py collectstatic\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
            \u5a92\u4f53\u6587\u4ef6<\/h1>\n
            AWS\u7684\u5404\u79cd\u914d\u7f6e<\/h3>\n
            \u8981\u5728AWS S3\u4e2d\u7ba1\u7406\u5a92\u4f53\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u60a8\u9700\u8981\u521b\u5efaAWS\u5e10\u6237\u5e76\u8fdb\u884cAWS\u4e0a\u7684\u5404\u79cd\u8bbe\u7f6e\u3002
            \n\u6709\u5173\u7ba1\u7406\u672c\u6b21\u76ee\u7684\u4e2d\u5a92\u4f53\u6587\u4ef6\u7684AWS\u8bbe\u7f6e\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u53c2\u8003\u4ee5\u4e0b\u6587\u7ae0\uff1a
            \n\u4f7f\u7528Django\u5728AWS S3\u4e2d\u7ba1\u7406\u9759\u6001\u6587\u4ef6\u548c\u5a92\u4f53\u6587\u4ef6
            \n\u5728\u4e0a\u8ff0\u6587\u7ae0\u4e2d\uff0c\u9759\u6001\u6587\u4ef6\u548c\u5a92\u4f53\u6587\u4ef6\u90fd\u5728AWS S3\u4e2d\u8fdb\u884c\u7ba1\u7406\uff0c\u4f46\u7531\u4e8e\u672c\u6b21\u53ea\u4f7f\u7528White Noise\u7ba1\u7406\u9759\u6001\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u53ea\u5c06\u5a92\u4f53\u6587\u4ef6\u5728AWS S3\u4e2d\u8fdb\u884c\u7ba1\u7406\u3002
            \n\u53e6\u5916\uff0c\u5bf9\u4e8eAWS\u7aef\u7684\u8bbe\u7f6e\uff0c\u4ee5\u4e0b\u6587\u7ae0\u4e5f\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u6709\u6240\u5e2e\u52a9\u3002
            \n[Django] \u6587\u4ef6\u4e0a\u4f20\u529f\u80fd\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\u65b9\u6cd5 [\u4e91\u5b58\u50a8\u7bc7]<\/p>\n
            \u5305\u88f9\uff0c\u6dfb\u52a0\u4ee3\u7801<\/h3>\n
            \u5b8c\u6210 AWS \u7684\u914d\u7f6e\u540e\uff0c\u5b89\u88c5\u6240\u9700\u7684\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5305\u3002<\/p>\n
            (myvenv)$<\/span> pip install <\/span>django-storages\r\n(myvenv)$<\/span> pip install <\/span>boto3\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
            \u7136\u540e\uff0c\u5728settings.py\u7684INSTALLED_APPS\u4e2d\u6dfb\u52a0’stoages’\u3002<\/p>\n
            INSTALLED_APPS<\/span> =<\/span> [<\/span>\r\n    'django.contrib.admin'<\/span>,<\/span>\r\n    'django.contrib.auth'<\/span>,<\/span>\r\n    'django.contrib.contenttypes'<\/span>,<\/span>\r\n    'django.contrib.sessions'<\/span>,<\/span>\r\n    'django.contrib.messages'<\/span>,<\/span>\r\n    'django.contrib.staticfiles'<\/span>,<\/span>\r\n    'blog'<\/span>,<\/span>\r\n    'storages'<\/span>,<\/span> #\u8ffd\u52a0\r\n<\/span>    ]<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
            \u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u5c06\u4ee5\u4e0b\u4ee3\u7801\u6dfb\u52a0\u5230settings.py\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u3002
            \nAccess Key\u7b49\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728AWS\u8bbe\u7f6e\u65f6\u83b7\u53d6\u3002
            \n\u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728AWS_LOCATION\u4e2d\u6307\u5b9a\u5a92\u4f53\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u5b58\u50a8\u4f4d\u7f6e\u3002<\/p>\n
            AWS_ACCESS_KEY_ID<\/span> =<\/span> '\u30a2\u30af\u30bb\u30b9\u30ad\u30fc'<\/span>\r\nAWS_SECRET_ACCESS_KEY<\/span> =<\/span> '\u30b7\u30fc\u30af\u30ec\u30c3\u30c8\u30a2\u30af\u30bb\u30b9\u30ad\u30fc'<\/span>\r\nAWS_STORAGE_BUCKET_NAME<\/span> =<\/span> '<\u4f5c\u6210\u3057\u305f\u30d0\u30b1\u30c3\u30c8\u306e\u540d\u524d>'<\/span>\r\nAWS_S3_CUSTOM_DOMAIN<\/span> =<\/span> '%s.s3.amazonaws.com'<\/span> %<\/span> AWS_STORAGE_BUCKET_NAME<\/span>\r\nAWS_S3_OBJECT_PARAMETERS<\/span> =<\/span> {<\/span>\r\n    'CacheControl'<\/span>:<\/span> 'max-age=86400'<\/span>,<\/span> \r\n}<\/span>\r\n\r\nAWS_LOCATION<\/span> =<\/span> 'media'<\/span>\r\nDEFAULT_FILE_STORAGE<\/span> =<\/span> 'storages.backends.s3boto3.S3Boto3Storage'<\/span>\r\nMEDIA_URL<\/span> =<\/span> \"https:\/\/%s\/%s\/\"<\/span> %<\/span> (<\/span>AWS_S3_CUSTOM_DOMAIN<\/span>,<\/span> AWS_LOCATION<\/span>)<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
            \u901a\u8fc7\u8fd9\u4e2a\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0cWeb\u5e94\u7528\u4e2d\u4e0a\u4f20\u7684\u5a92\u4f53\u6587\u4ef6\u5c06\u88ab\u5b58\u50a8\u5230AWS S3\u521b\u5efa\u7684\u5b58\u50a8\u6876\u4e2d\u7684media\/\u6587\u4ef6\u5939\u4e2d\u3002<\/p>\n
            \u5c06\u4ee3\u7801\u90e8\u7f72\u5230Heroku\u4e0a\u3002<\/h1>\n
            \u4f7f\u7528\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u5b89\u88c5Heroku Toolbelt\uff0c\u5e76\u80fd\u591f\u6267\u884cHeroku\u547d\u4ee4\u3002<\/p>\n
            brew install heroku\/brew\/heroic\r\n<\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n
            \u63a5\u4e0b\u6765\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u8981\u5c06\u5df2\u5b89\u88c5\u7684\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5305\u5199\u5165\u5230requirements.txt\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u3002<\/p>\n
            (myvenv)$ pip freeze > requirements.txt\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
            \u63a5\u4e0b\u6765\uff0c\u8f93\u5165\u4ee5\u4e0bgit\u547d\u4ee4\uff0c\u5bf9\u4e4b\u524d\u521b\u5efa\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u8fdb\u884c\u63d0\u4ea4\u3002<\/p>\n
            (myvenv)$<\/span> git init           \r\n(myvenv)$<\/span> git add -A<\/span> .<\/span>\r\n(myvenv)$<\/span> git commit -m<\/span> 'first commit'<\/span>                            \r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
            \u6700\u540e\uff0c\u6309\u987a\u5e8f\u6267\u884c\u4ee5\u4e0b\u7684Heroku\u547d\u4ee4\u3002
            \n\u5982\u679c\u80fd\u6210\u529f\u901a\u8fc7Heroku open\u6253\u5f00\u521b\u5efa\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\uff0c\u90a3\u5c31\u7b97\u662f\u6210\u529f\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n
            (myvenv)$<\/span> heroku login\r\n(myvenv)$<\/span> heroku create\r\n(myvenv)$<\/span> heroku config:set DISABLE_COLLECTSTATIC<\/span>=<\/span>1\r\n(myvenv)$<\/span> git push heroku master\r\n(myvenv)$<\/span> heroku ps:scale web<\/span>=<\/span>1\r\n(myvenv)$<\/span> heroku run python manage.py migrate\r\n(myvenv)$<\/span> heroku open\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
            \u8bf7\u53c2\u8003<\/h1>\n
            \u7528AWS S3\u7ba1\u7406Django\u3001\u9759\u6001\u6587\u4ef6\u548c\u5a92\u4f53\u6587\u4ef6
            \n[Django] \u6587\u4ef6\u4e0a\u4f20\u529f\u80fd\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\u65b9\u6cd5[\u4e91\u5b58\u50a8\u7bc7]
            \n\u89e3\u51b3\u5728\u5c06Django\u5e94\u7528\u90e8\u7f72\u5230Heroku\u65f6\u7684\u9519\u8bef-whitenoise\u7bc7
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