{"id":49718,"date":"2023-04-07T01:34:03","date_gmt":"2023-09-11T06:54:48","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.silicloud.com\/zh\/blog\/%e5%9c%a8django%e4%b8%ad%e6%9e%84%e5%bb%ba%e6%95%b0%e6%8d%ae%e5%ba%93%ef%bc%88%e5%88%9d%e5%ad%a6%e8%80%85%e8%83%bd%e7%90%86%e8%a7%a3%e5%88%b0%e4%bb%80%e4%b9%88%e7%a8%8b%e5%ba%a6%ef%bc%882%ef%bc%89\/"},"modified":"2024-04-29T22:16:35","modified_gmt":"2024-04-29T14:16:35","slug":"%e5%9c%a8django%e4%b8%ad%e6%9e%84%e5%bb%ba%e6%95%b0%e6%8d%ae%e5%ba%93%ef%bc%88%e5%88%9d%e5%ad%a6%e8%80%85%e8%83%bd%e7%90%86%e8%a7%a3%e5%88%b0%e4%bb%80%e4%b9%88%e7%a8%8b%e5%ba%a6%ef%bc%882%ef%bc%89","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.silicloud.com\/zh\/blog\/%e5%9c%a8django%e4%b8%ad%e6%9e%84%e5%bb%ba%e6%95%b0%e6%8d%ae%e5%ba%93%ef%bc%88%e5%88%9d%e5%ad%a6%e8%80%85%e8%83%bd%e7%90%86%e8%a7%a3%e5%88%b0%e4%bb%80%e4%b9%88%e7%a8%8b%e5%ba%a6%ef%bc%882%ef%bc%89\/","title":{"rendered":"\u5728Django\u4e2d\u6784\u5efa\u6570\u636e\u5e93\uff08\u521d\u5b66\u8005\u80fd\u7406\u89e3\u5230\u4ec0\u4e48\u7a0b\u5ea6\uff082\uff09\uff09"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u8ba9\u6211\u4eec\u5c1d\u8bd5\u4f7f\u7528Django\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u3002<\/h1>\n

\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662fDjango\u7684Hello world\uff08\u521d\u5b66\u8005\u53ef\u4ee5\u7406\u89e3\u5230\u54ea\u79cd\u7a0b\u5ea6\uff081\uff09\uff09\u7684\u7eed\u7bc7\u3002
\n\u6211\u60f3\u521b\u5efa\u7684\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u4efb\u610f\u8f93\u5165\u7684\u8c03\u67e5\u95ee\u5377\u3002
\n\uff08\u4f8b\uff09\u95ee\u9898\uff1a\u60a8\u591a\u5927\u5e74\u7eaa\uff1f
\n\uff08\u4f8b\uff09\u56de\u7b54\uff1a\u6211\u4e09\u5c81\u3002<\/p>\n

\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u7684\u9009\u62e9<\/h2>\n
#### practice\/config\/settings.py (\u4f55\u3082\u5909\u66f4\u306f\u52a0\u3048\u307e\u305b\u3093)\r\n<\/span>*****<\/span>\r\n#\u53c2\u8003\u307e\u3067\u306b\u3001\u30c7\u30d5\u30a9\u30eb\u30c8\u3067\u8a2d\u5b9a\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u30d9\u30fc\u30b9\u304c\u3053\u3061\u3089\r\n<\/span>DATABASES<\/span> =<\/span> {<\/span>\r\n    'default'<\/span>:<\/span> {<\/span>\r\n        'ENGINE'<\/span>:<\/span> 'django.db.backends.sqlite3'<\/span>,<\/span>\r\n        'NAME'<\/span>:<\/span> os<\/span>.<\/span>path<\/span>.<\/span>join<\/span>(<\/span>BASE_DIR<\/span>,<\/span> 'db.sqlite3'<\/span>),<\/span>\r\n    }<\/span>\r\n}<\/span>\r\n*****<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u9ed8\u8ba4\u9009\u62e9SQLite\u3002SQLite\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u65e0\u9700\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7aef\u7ba1\u7406\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5e93\uff0c\u4f46\u65e0\u6cd5\u8bbe\u7f6e\u5bc6\u7801\u662f\u5176\u7f3a\u70b9\u3002\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528MySQL\u6216PostgreSQL\u3002\uff08\u901a\u8fc7\u4fee\u6539ENGINE\u9009\u9879\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\u3002\uff09<\/p>\n
\u521b\u5efa\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u8868<\/h2>\n
#### practice\/\r\n<\/span>$<\/span> python<\/span> manage<\/span>.<\/span>py<\/span> migrate<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u5728Django\u7684\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\uff0c\u521b\u5efa\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u8868\u3002<\/p>\n
#### practice\/config\/settings.py (\u4f55\u3082\u5909\u66f4\u306f\u52a0\u3048\u307e\u305b\u3093)\r\n<\/span>*****<\/span>\r\n#\u53c2\u8003\u307e\u3067\u306b\u3001\u30c7\u30d5\u30a9\u30eb\u30c8\u3067\u30a4\u30f3\u30b9\u30c8\u30fc\u30eb\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u30a2\u30d7\u30ea\u30b1\u30fc\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\u304c\u3053\u3061\u3089\r\n<\/span>INSTALLED_APPS<\/span> =<\/span> [<\/span>\r\n    'django.contrib.admin'<\/span>,<\/span>\r\n    'django.contrib.auth'<\/span>,<\/span>\r\n    'django.contrib.contenttypes'<\/span>,<\/span>\r\n    'django.contrib.sessions'<\/span>,<\/span>\r\n    'django.contrib.messages'<\/span>,<\/span>\r\n    'django.contrib.staticfiles'<\/span>,<\/span>\r\n]<\/span>\r\n*****<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u521b\u5efa\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u548c\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u7684\u8fde\u63a5\u53e3\u3002<\/h2>\n
#### practice\/myapplication\/models.py\r\n<\/span>\r\nfrom<\/span> django.db<\/span> import<\/span> models<\/span>\r\n\r\n#\u8cea\u554f\u7528\u306e\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u306b\u95a2\u3059\u308b\u30af\u30e9\u30b9\r\n<\/span>class<\/span> Asking<\/span>(<\/span>models<\/span>.<\/span>Model<\/span>):<\/span>\r\n    asking_text<\/span> =<\/span> models<\/span>.<\/span>CharField<\/span>(<\/span>max_length<\/span>=<\/span>200<\/span>)<\/span>\r\n    pub_date<\/span> =<\/span> models<\/span>.<\/span>DateTimeField<\/span>(<\/span>'date published'<\/span>)<\/span>\r\n    def<\/span> __str__<\/span>(<\/span>self<\/span>):<\/span>\r\n        return<\/span> self<\/span>.<\/span>asking_text<\/span>\r\n\r\n#\u56de\u7b54\u7528\u306e\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u306b\u95a2\u3059\u308b\u30af\u30e9\u30b9\r\n<\/span>class<\/span> Answering<\/span>(<\/span>models<\/span>.<\/span>Model<\/span>):<\/span>\r\n    asking<\/span> =<\/span> models<\/span>.<\/span>ForeignKey<\/span>(<\/span>Asking<\/span>,<\/span> on_delete<\/span>=<\/span>models<\/span>.<\/span>CASCADE<\/span>)<\/span>\r\n    answering_text<\/span> =<\/span> models<\/span>.<\/span>CharField<\/span>(<\/span>max_length<\/span>=<\/span>200<\/span>)<\/span>\r\n    def<\/span> __str__<\/span>(<\/span>self<\/span>):<\/span>\r\n        return<\/span> self<\/span>.<\/span>answering_text<\/span>\r\n\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
***Field\uff1amodels.Model\u7c7b\u4e2d\u5206\u522b\u6709\u5b58\u50a8\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32(Char)\u3001\u6570\u5b57(Integer)\u3001\u65f6\u95f4(DateTime)\u7b49\u6570\u636e\u7684\u5b57\u6bb5\u3002
\nForeignKey\uff1a\u7ee7\u627f\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u53c2\u6570\u6307\u5b9a\u7684\u7c7b\u3002
\non_delete\uff1a\u6307\u5b9a\u7ee7\u627f\u7c7b\u88ab\u5220\u9664\u65f6\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\u3002
\nCASCADE\uff1a\u4e00\u540c\u5220\u9664\uff0cPROTECT\uff1a\u4fdd\u7559<\/p>\n
\u5c06\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u8bc6\u522b\u4e3aDjango\u73af\u5883<\/h2>\n
#### practice\/config\/settings.py\r\n<\/span>****<\/span>\r\nINSTALLED_APPS<\/span> =<\/span> [<\/span>\r\n    #\u5148\u982d\u884c\u3092\u8ffd\u52a0\u3057\u3001\u30a2\u30d7\u30ea\u30b1\u30fc\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\u3092\u8a8d\u8b58\u3055\u305b\u308b\u3002\r\n<\/span>    #(\u30d5\u30a9\u30eb\u30c0\u540d).apps.(apps.py\u5185\u306e\u30af\u30e9\u30b9\u540d)\r\n<\/span>    'myapplication.apps.MyapplicationConfig'<\/span>,<\/span>\r\n    'django.contrib.admin'<\/span>,<\/span>\r\n    'django.contrib.auth'<\/span>,<\/span>\r\n    'django.contrib.contenttypes'<\/span>,<\/span>\r\n    'django.contrib.sessions'<\/span>,<\/span>\r\n    'django.contrib.messages'<\/span>,<\/span>\r\n    'django.contrib.staticfiles'<\/span>,<\/span>\r\n]<\/span>\r\n****<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
#### practice\/\r\n<\/span>$<\/span> python<\/span> manage<\/span>.<\/span>py<\/span> makemigrations<\/span> myapplication<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u8fd9\u6837Django\u73af\u5883\u5c31\u80fd\u8bc6\u522b\u8be5\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4e86\u3002\u9700\u8981\u8865\u5145\u8bf4\u660e\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u5f53models.py\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u7684\u7c7b\u81ea\u8eab\u53d1\u751f\u66f4\u6539\u65f6\uff0c\u624d\u4f1a\u6267\u884cmakemigrations\u547d\u4ee4\u4ee5\u66f4\u65b0\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u3002<\/p>\n
#### practice\/\r\n<\/span>$<\/span> python<\/span> manage<\/span>.<\/span>py<\/span> migrate<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u5728\u66f4\u65b0\u540e\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u4e2d\uff0c\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u8868\u683c\u3002<\/p>\n
\u8ba9\u6211\u4eec\u4ece\u7ba1\u7406\u8005\u7f51\u7ad9\u4e0a\u67e5\u770b\u6570\u636e\u3002<\/h2>\n
#### practice\/myapplication\/admin.py\r\n<\/span>\r\nfrom<\/span> django.contrib<\/span> import<\/span> admin<\/span>\r\n\r\nfrom<\/span> .models<\/span> import<\/span> Asking<\/span>,<\/span> Answering<\/span>\r\n#model.py\u304b\u3089\u3001Asking\u3068Answerig\u30af\u30e9\u30b9\u3092\u3072\u3063\u3071\u308a\u3001\u7ba1\u7406\u8005\u30b5\u30a4\u30c8\u306b\u767b\u9332\r\n<\/span>admin<\/span>.<\/span>site<\/span>.<\/span>register<\/span>(<\/span>Asking<\/span>)<\/span>\r\nadmin<\/span>.<\/span>site<\/span>.<\/span>register<\/span>(<\/span>Answering<\/span>)<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
#### practice\/config\/settings.py\r\n<\/span>\r\n#\u8a00\u8a9e\u30b3\u30fc\u30c9\u3068\u30bf\u30a4\u30e0\u30be\u30fc\u30f3\u3092\u65e5\u672c\u306b\u5909\u66f4\r\n<\/span>****<\/span>\r\nLANGUAGE_CODE<\/span> =<\/span> 'ja'<\/span>\r\n\r\nTIME_ZONE<\/span> =<\/span> 'Asia\/Tokyo'<\/span>\r\n****<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
#### practice\/\r\n<\/span>\r\n#admin\u30b5\u30a4\u30c8\u306b\u30ed\u30b0\u30a4\u30f3\u3067\u304d\u308b\u30e6\u30fc\u30b6\u30fc\u3092\u4f5c\u6210\r\n<\/span>$<\/span> python<\/span> manage<\/span>.<\/span>py<\/span> createsuperuser<\/span>\r\nUsername<\/span>:<\/span> admin<\/span>\r\nEmail<\/span> address<\/span>:<\/span> admin<\/span>@<\/span>example<\/span>.<\/span>com<\/span>\r\nPassword<\/span>:<\/span> **********<\/span>\r\nPassword<\/span> (<\/span>again<\/span>):<\/span> *********<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u73b0\u5728\uff0c\u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u7ba1\u7406\u5458\u5e10\u6237\u767b\u5f55\u5230\u7ba1\u7406\u8005\u7f51\u7ad9\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n
#### practice\/\r\n<\/span>$<\/span> python<\/span> manage<\/span>.<\/span>py<\/span> runserver<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u542f\u52a8\u5f00\u53d1\u670d\u52a1\u5668\uff0c\u5e76\u8bbf\u95eehttp:\/\/127.0.0.1:8000\/admin\u3002
\n\u767b\u5f55\u540e\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u5c4f\u5e55\u4e0a\u51fa\u73b0\u4e86asking\u548canswering\u6587\u4ef6\u5939\uff0c\u5219\u8868\u793aOK\u3002<\/p>\n
\u5728\u63d0\u95ee\u529f\u80fd\u4e2d\uff0c\u662f\u5426\u53ef\u4ee5\u8f93\u5165\u5e76\u4fdd\u5b58\u95ee\u9898\u548c\u53d1\u5e03\u65e5\u671f\uff1f
\n\u5728\u56de\u7b54\u529f\u80fd\u4e2d\uff0c\u662f\u5426\u53ef\u4ee5\u8f93\u5165\u5e76\u4fdd\u5b58\u56de\u7b54\uff1f
\n\u5f53\u95ee\u9898\u88ab\u5220\u9664\u65f6\uff0c\u662f\u5426\u4e0e\u5176\u76f8\u5173\u8054\u7684\u56de\u7b54\u4e5f\u4f1a\u88ab\u5220\u9664\uff1f<\/p>\n
\u6700\u7ec8\u7684\u7ed3\u679c<\/h2>\n
\u6211\u5df2\u7ecf\u6210\u529f\u5730\u4ece\u7ba1\u7406\u8005\u7f51\u7ad9\u8bbf\u95ee\u5230\u4e86\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u3002\u4e0b\u4e00\u6b65\uff0c\u6211\u60f3\u8bd5\u8bd5\u80fd\u5426\u5c06HTML\u4e0eDjango\u5173\u8054\u8d77\u6765\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
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