{"id":49702,"date":"2022-11-20T08:49:44","date_gmt":"2023-02-26T08:33:55","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.silicloud.com\/zh\/blog\/%e5%9c%a8python%e5%92%8cdjango%e4%b8%8a%e5%88%9b%e5%bb%ba%e4%b8%80%e4%b8%aa%e9%a1%b9%e7%9b%ae\/"},"modified":"2024-04-29T01:35:04","modified_gmt":"2024-04-28T17:35:04","slug":"%e5%9c%a8python%e5%92%8cdjango%e4%b8%8a%e5%88%9b%e5%bb%ba%e4%b8%80%e4%b8%aa%e9%a1%b9%e7%9b%ae","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.silicloud.com\/zh\/blog\/%e5%9c%a8python%e5%92%8cdjango%e4%b8%8a%e5%88%9b%e5%bb%ba%e4%b8%80%e4%b8%aa%e9%a1%b9%e7%9b%ae\/","title":{"rendered":"\u5728Python\u548cDjango\u4e0a\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u9879\u76ee"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u6574\u7406Django\u9879\u76ee\u7684\u521b\u5efa\u548c\u6dfb\u52a0\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u3002<\/h1>\n

\u203b 2020\u5e744\u670829\u65e5\u66f4\u65b0<\/p>\n

\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u9879\u76ee<\/h2>\n

\u6211\u5011\u5c07\u5275\u5efa\u4e00\u500b\u540d\u70ba\u300cmysite\u300d\u7684\u9805\u76ee\u3002<\/p>\n

$ <\/span>django-admin startproject mysite\r\n$ <\/span>cd <\/span>mysite\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u8bd5\u7740\u52a8\u4e00\u52a8\u3002<\/p>\n
$ <\/span>python manage.py runserver\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u5f53\u60a8\u8bbf\u95eehttp:\/\/127.0.0.1:8000\u65f6\uff0c\u706b\u7bad\u5c06\u8d77\u98de\u3002<\/p>\n
\u5728Django3\u4e2d\uff0c\u4f60\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7ASGI\u6765\u8fd0\u884c\u3002<\/p>\n
$ <\/span>pip install <\/span>gunicorn uvicorn\r\n$ <\/span>gunicorn -k<\/span> uvicorn.workers.UvicornWorker mysite.asgi:application\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b65<\/h2>\n
\u5728\u521b\u5efa\u9879\u76ee\u65f6\uff0c\u4ee5\u4e0b\u76ee\u5f55\/\u6587\u4ef6\u5c06\u88ab\u521b\u5efa\u3002<\/p>\n
mysite\r\n\u2502  manage.py\r\n\u2514\u2500mysite\r\n        asgi.py\r\n        settings.py\r\n        urls.py\r\n        wsgi.py\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u6211\u5c06\u7f16\u8f91\u300csettings.py\u300d\u6587\u4ef6\u3002<\/h3>\n
(1) \u914d\u7f6e\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528Django\u6a21\u677f<\/h4>\n
\u5c06\u300cTEMPLATES\u300d\u8fdb\u884c\u5982\u4e0b\u66f4\u6539\u3002<\/p>\n
\u30fb\u30fb\u30fb<\/span>\r\nTEMPLATES<\/span> =<\/span> [<\/span>\r\n    {<\/span>\r\n        'BACKEND'<\/span>:<\/span> 'django.template.backends.django.DjangoTemplates'<\/span>,<\/span>\r\n#        'DIRS': [],\r\n<\/span>        'DIRS'<\/span>:<\/span> [<\/span>\r\n          os<\/span>.<\/span>path<\/span>.<\/span>join<\/span>(<\/span>BASE_DIR<\/span>,<\/span> 'templates'<\/span>),<\/span>\r\n        ],<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\uff082\uff09\u914d\u7f6e\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u9759\u6001\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u8bbe\u7f6e<\/h4>\n
\u5728\u4e2d\u6587\u4e2d\uff0c\u53ea\u9700\u8981\u7ed9\u51fa\u4e00\u4e2a\u9009\u9879\uff1a
\n\u6dfb\u52a0STATICFILES_DIRS\u3002\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u628a\u5b83\u653e\u5728”STATIC_URL”\u7684\u4e0b\u9762\u3002<\/p>\n
STATIC_URL<\/span> =<\/span> '\/static\/'<\/span>\r\n\r\nSTATICFILES_DIRS<\/span> =<\/span> (<\/span>\r\n    os<\/span>.<\/span>path<\/span>.<\/span>join<\/span>(<\/span>BASE_DIR<\/span>,<\/span> \"static\"<\/span>),<\/span>\r\n)<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
(3) \u5982\u679c\u8981\u5c06\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u66f4\u6539\u4e3aPostgreSQL\u3002<\/h4>\n
\u5c06\u300cDATABASES\u300d\u8fdb\u884c\u5982\u4e0b\u7f16\u8f91<\/p>\n
\u30fb\u30fb\u30fb<\/span>\r\nDATABASES<\/span> =<\/span> {<\/span>\r\n    'default'<\/span>:<\/span> {<\/span>\r\n        'ENGINE'<\/span>:<\/span> 'django.db.backends.postgresql_psycopg2'<\/span>,<\/span>\r\n        'NAME'<\/span>:<\/span> 'djangodb'<\/span>,<\/span>\r\n        'USER'<\/span>:<\/span> 'testuser'<\/span>,<\/span>\r\n        'PASSWORD'<\/span>:<\/span> 'secret'<\/span>,<\/span>\r\n        'HOST'<\/span>:<\/span> 'localhost'<\/span>,<\/span>\r\n        'PORT'<\/span>:<\/span> '5432'<\/span>,<\/span>\r\n    }<\/span>\r\n}<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
(4) \u521b\u5efa\u76ee\u5f55\u3002<\/h4>\n
\u5728\u9879\u76ee\u7684\u6839\u76ee\u5f55\u4e0b\u521b\u5efa”templates”\u548c”static”\u6587\u4ef6\u5939\u3002<\/p>\n
mysite\r\n\u2502  manage.py\r\n\u251c\u2500mysite\r\n\u2502  \u2502  asgi.py\r\n\u2502  \u2502  settings.py\r\n\u2502  \u2502  urls.py\r\n\u2502  \u2502  wsgi.py\r\n\u251c\u2500static\r\n\u2514\u2500templates\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u66f4\u6539LANGUAGE_CODE\u548cTIME_ZONE\u3002<\/h4>\n
\u30fb\u30fb\u30fb<\/span>\r\nLANGUAGE_CODE<\/span> =<\/span> 'ja-JP'<\/span>\r\n\r\nTIME_ZONE<\/span> =<\/span> 'Asia\/Tokyo'<\/span>\r\n\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u5c06\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u6dfb\u52a0\u5230\u9879\u76ee\u4e2d\u3002<\/h2>\n
(1) \u5728\u9879\u76ee\u4e2d\u6dfb\u52a0\u5e94\u7528\u3002<\/h3>\n
\u6267\u884c\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\uff0c\u6dfb\u52a0\u4e00\u4e2a\u540d\u4e3a\uff08myapp\uff09\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u3002<\/p>\n
$ <\/span>django-admin startapp myapp\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u4ee5\u4e0b\u7684\u76ee\u5f55\uff0f\u6587\u4ef6\u5982\u4e0b\u6240\u793a<\/p>\n
mysite\r\n\u2502  db.sqlite3\r\n\u2502  manage.py\r\n\u2502  \r\n\u251c\u2500myapp\r\n\u2502  \u2502  admin.py\r\n\u2502  \u2502  apps.py\r\n\u2502  \u2502  models.py\r\n\u2502  \u2502  tests.py\r\n\u2502  \u2502  views.py\r\n\u2502  \u2502  __init__.py\r\n\u2502  \u2502  \r\n\u2502  \u2514\u2500migrations\r\n\u2502          __init__.py\r\n\u2502          \r\n\u251c\u2500mysite\r\n\u2502  \u2502  asgi.py\r\n\u2502  \u2502  settings.py\r\n\u2502  \u2502  urls.py\r\n\u2502  \u2502  wsgi.py\r\n\u2502  \u2514  __init__.py\r\n\u2502          \r\n\u251c\u2500static\r\n\u2514\u2500templates\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u5c06urls.py\u6587\u4ef6\u6dfb\u52a0\u5230\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4e2d\uff0c\u5e76\u6309\u7167\u4ee5\u4e0b\u65b9\u5f0f\u8fdb\u884c\u7f16\u8f91\u3002<\/h3>\n
from<\/span> django.urls<\/span> import<\/span> path<\/span>\r\nfrom<\/span> .<\/span> import<\/span> views<\/span>\r\n\r\napp_name<\/span> =<\/span> 'myapp'<\/span>\r\nurlpatterns<\/span> =<\/span> [<\/span>\r\n    path<\/span>(<\/span>''<\/span>,<\/span> views<\/span>.<\/span>index<\/span>,<\/span> name<\/span>=<\/span>'index'<\/span>),<\/span>\r\n]<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u251c\u2500myapp\r\n\u2502  \u2502  admin.py\r\n\u2502  \u2502  apps.py\r\n\u2502  \u2502  models.py\r\n\u2502  \u2502  tests.py\r\n\u2502  \u2502  urls.py\r\n\u2502  \u2502  views.py\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
(3) \u5c06views.py\u6587\u4ef6\u8fdb\u884c\u5982\u4e0b\u7f16\u8f91<\/h3>\n
from<\/span> django.http<\/span> import<\/span> HttpResponse<\/span>\r\n\r\ndef<\/span> index<\/span>(<\/span>req<\/span>):<\/span>\r\n  return<\/span> HttpResponse<\/span>(<\/span>'Hello World'<\/span>)<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u6dfb\u52a0myapp\u7684\u8def\u5f84\u5230mysite\/urls.py\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u3002<\/h3>\n
from<\/span> django.contrib<\/span> import<\/span> admin<\/span>\r\nfrom<\/span> django.urls<\/span> import<\/span> path<\/span>,<\/span> include<\/span> # include\u3092\u8ffd\u52a0\r\n<\/span>\r\nurlpatterns<\/span> =<\/span> [<\/span>\r\n    path<\/span>(<\/span>'myapp\/'<\/span>,<\/span> include<\/span>(<\/span>'myapp.urls'<\/span>)),<\/span>\r\n    path<\/span>(<\/span>'admin\/'<\/span>,<\/span> admin<\/span>.<\/span>site<\/span>.<\/span>urls<\/span>),<\/span>\r\n]<\/span>\r\n\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u5728mysite\/settings.py\u4e2d\u6dfb\u52a0myapp\u3002<\/h3>\n
INSTALLED_APPS<\/span> =<\/span> [<\/span>\r\n    'django.contrib.admin'<\/span>,<\/span>\r\n    'django.contrib.auth'<\/span>,<\/span>\r\n    'django.contrib.contenttypes'<\/span>,<\/span>\r\n    'django.contrib.sessions'<\/span>,<\/span>\r\n    'django.contrib.messages'<\/span>,<\/span>\r\n    'django.contrib.staticfiles'<\/span>,<\/span>\r\n    'myapp'<\/span>,<\/span> # \u8ffd\u52a0\r\n<\/span>]<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u8ba9\u6211\u4eec\u786e\u8ba4\u4e00\u4e0b\uff0c\u53ea\u8981\u8f93\u51fa”Hello World”\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u3002<\/p>\n
$ <\/span>python manage.py runserver\r\n$ <\/span>curl http:\/\/127.0.0.1:8000\/myapp\/\r\nHello World\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u4f7f\u7528Django\u6a21\u677f<\/h2>\n
\u4f7f\u7528Django\u6a21\u677f\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u663e\u793aHTML\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f<\/p>\n
(1) \u5728\u9879\u76ee\u4e2d\u6dfb\u52a0\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f<\/h3>\n
django-admin startapp myapp2\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u5c06urls.py\u6dfb\u52a0\u5230\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4e2d\uff0c\u5e76\u8fdb\u884c\u5982\u4e0b\u7f16\u8f91\u3002<\/h3>\n
from<\/span> django.urls<\/span> import<\/span> path<\/span>\r\nfrom<\/span> .<\/span> import<\/span> views<\/span>\r\n\r\napp_name<\/span> =<\/span> 'myapp2'<\/span>\r\nurlpatterns<\/span> =<\/span> [<\/span>\r\n    path<\/span>(<\/span>''<\/span>,<\/span> views<\/span>.<\/span>index<\/span>,<\/span> name<\/span>=<\/span>'index'<\/span>),<\/span>\r\n]<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
(3) \u5c06 views.py \u7f16\u8f91\u4e3a\u4ee5\u4e0b\u65b9\u5f0f<\/h3>\n
\u5728\u4f7f\u7528Django\u6a21\u677f\u65f6\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4f7f\u7528render\u51fd\u6570\u3002<\/p>\n
from<\/span> django.shortcuts<\/span> import<\/span> render<\/span>\r\ndef<\/span> index<\/span>(<\/span>request<\/span>):<\/span>\r\n    return<\/span> render<\/span>(<\/span>request<\/span>,<\/span> 'myapp2\/index.html'<\/span>)<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
(4) \u548c (5) \u4e0e\u524d\u8ff0\u76f8\u540c\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u7701\u7565\u3002<\/h3>\n
(6) \u6dfb\u52a0 HTML\u3002<\/h3>\n
\u5f53\u4f7f\u7528 CSS \u6587\u4ef6\u7b49\u65f6\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u4f7f\u7528 “{% load static %}” \u8fdb\u884c\u58f0\u660e\uff0c\u5e76\u5728 link \u6807\u7b7e\u4e2d\u6dfb\u52a0 “{% static ‘css\/styles.css’ %}” \u7b49\u7c7b\u4f3c\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u3002<\/p>\n
{% load static %}\r\n<!DOCTYPE html><\/span>\r\n<html<\/span> lang=<\/span>\"ja\"<\/span>><\/span>\r\n  <head><\/span>\r\n    <meta<\/span> http-equiv=<\/span>\"Content-type\"<\/span> content=<\/span>\"text\/html; charset=utf-8\"<\/span> \/><\/span> \r\n    <link<\/span> rel=<\/span>\"icon\"<\/span> href=<\/span>\"#\"<\/span>><\/span>\r\n    <link<\/span> href=<\/span>\"{% static 'css\/styles.css' %}\"<\/span> rel=<\/span>\"stylesheet\"<\/span>><\/span>\r\n    <title><\/title><\/span>\r\n  <\/head><\/span>\r\n  <body><\/span>\r\n      hello djnago template\r\n  <\/body><\/span>\r\n<\/html><\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u4ee5\u4e0b\u76ee\u5f55\/\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u7ed3\u6784\u5982\u4e0b<\/p>\n
\u251c\u2500static\r\n\u2502  \u251c\u2500css\r\n\u2502  \u2502      styles.css\r\n\u2502  \u2514\u2500js\r\n\u2514\u2500templates\r\n    \u2514\u2500myapp2\r\n            index.html\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u6211\u4eec\u6765\u786e\u8ba4\u4e00\u4e0b\uff0cHTML\u662f\u5426\u80fd\u591f\u6b63\u786e\u663e\u793a\u3002<\/p>\n
$ <\/span>python manage.py runserver\r\n$ <\/span>curl http:\/\/127.0.0.1:8000\/myapp2\/\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u8fd9\u6b21\u5230\u8fd9\u91cc\u4e3a\u6b62\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
\u6574\u7406Django\u9879\u76ee\u7684\u521b\u5efa\u548c\u6dfb\u52a0\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u3002 \u203b 2020\u5e744\u670829\u65e5\u66f4\u65b0 \u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u9879\u76ee \u6211\u5011\u5c07\u5275\u5efa\u4e00\u500b\u540d\u70ba\u300cm […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":11,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-49702","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-uncategorized"],"yoast_head":"\n\u5728Python\u548cDjango\u4e0a\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u9879\u76ee - Blog - Silicon Cloud<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.silicloud.com\/zh\/blog\/\u5728python\u548cdjango\u4e0a\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u9879\u76ee\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"zh_CN\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"\u5728Python\u548cDjango\u4e0a\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u9879\u76ee\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"\u6574\u7406Django\u9879\u76ee\u7684\u521b\u5efa\u548c\u6dfb\u52a0\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u3002 \u203b 2020\u5e744\u670829\u65e5\u66f4\u65b0 \u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u9879\u76ee \u6211\u5011\u5c07\u5275\u5efa\u4e00\u500b\u540d\u70ba\u300cm […]\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/www.silicloud.com\/zh\/blog\/\u5728python\u548cdjango\u4e0a\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u9879\u76ee\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Blog - 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