{"id":49613,"date":"2023-09-24T08:14:43","date_gmt":"2023-08-21T21:26:23","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.silicloud.com\/zh\/blog\/%e4%bd%bf%e7%94%a8%e3%80%90django%e3%80%91rest%e6%a1%86%e6%9e%b6%e5%b0%86%e6%9d%a5%e8%87%aa%e5%ae%a2%e6%88%b7%e7%ab%af%e7%9a%84%e6%95%b0%e6%8d%aepost%e5%88%b0%e9%a1%b9%e7%9b%ae%e4%b8%ad%ef%bc%8c\/"},"modified":"2024-05-04T01:17:59","modified_gmt":"2024-05-03T17:17:59","slug":"%e4%bd%bf%e7%94%a8%e3%80%90django%e3%80%91rest%e6%a1%86%e6%9e%b6%e5%b0%86%e6%9d%a5%e8%87%aa%e5%ae%a2%e6%88%b7%e7%ab%af%e7%9a%84%e6%95%b0%e6%8d%aepost%e5%88%b0%e9%a1%b9%e7%9b%ae%e4%b8%ad%ef%bc%8c","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.silicloud.com\/zh\/blog\/%e4%bd%bf%e7%94%a8%e3%80%90django%e3%80%91rest%e6%a1%86%e6%9e%b6%e5%b0%86%e6%9d%a5%e8%87%aa%e5%ae%a2%e6%88%b7%e7%ab%af%e7%9a%84%e6%95%b0%e6%8d%aepost%e5%88%b0%e9%a1%b9%e7%9b%ae%e4%b8%ad%ef%bc%8c\/","title":{"rendered":"\u4f7f\u7528\u3010Django\u3011REST\u6846\u67b6\u5c06\u6765\u81ea\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u7684\u6570\u636ePOST\u5230\u9879\u76ee\u4e2d\uff0c\u5e76\u5c06\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u7684IP\u5730\u5740\u5b58\u50a8\u5230\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u4e2d"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u9996\u5148<\/h1>\n

\u5728\u4f7f\u7528Django\u7684REST\u6846\u67b6\u7684\u9879\u76ee\u4e2d\uff0c\u7ecf\u5e38\u4f1a\u4f7f\u7528”uplink”\u6765\u6536\u96c6\u6570\u636e\u3002\u7531\u4e8e\u6211\u6709\u673a\u4f1a\u8fdb\u884c”downlink”\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u8fdb\u884c\u76f8\u53cd\u65b9\u5411\u7684\u901a\u4fe1\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u9700\u8981\u52a8\u6001\u5730\u77e5\u9053”uplink”\u65f6\u662f\u8c01\u5728\u8fdb\u884c\u6570\u636e\u7684POST\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u6211\u51b3\u5b9a\u5c06\u53d1\u9001\u6570\u636e\u7684\u7f51\u5173\u6216\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u7684IP\u5730\u5740\u5b58\u50a8\u5728\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u4e2d\uff0c\u5e76\u5728”downlink”\u65f6\u4f7f\u7528\u8be5IP\u5730\u5740\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5f97\u51fa\u7d50\u8ad6<\/h1>\n

\u53ea\u9700\u4eceDjango\u9879\u76ee\u7684\u8bbf\u95ee\u8bf7\u6c42\u4e2d\u5305\u542b\u7684HTTP\u6807\u5934’ReMOTE_ADDR’\u83b7\u53d6\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u7684IP\u5730\u5740\u5373\u53ef\u3002<\/p>\n

\u8bf7\u53c2\u8003<\/h3>\n

\u4f7f\u7528Django\u83b7\u53d6\u5ba2\u6237\u7aefIP\u5730\u5740\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5b9e\u65bd\u6b65\u9aa4<\/h1>\n

\u524d\u63d0<\/h3>\n

(Paraphrased option in Chinese)<\/p>\n

\u6211\u5199\u8fd9\u7bc7\u6587\u7ae0\u7684\u524d\u63d0\u662f\u6709Python\uff0cDjango\u548cREST framework\u7684\u7ecf\u9a8c\u3002\u5173\u4e8e\u521b\u5efaPOST API\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u6211\u8ba4\u4e3a\u4ee5\u4e0b\u8fd9\u7bc7\u6587\u7ae0\u5f88\u5bb9\u6613\u7406\u89e3\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4f7f\u7528 Django Rest Framework \u521b\u5efa RESTful API\u3002<\/p>\n

\u73af\u5883<\/h3>\n

CentOS Linux \u53d1\u884c\u7248 7.9.2009 (\u6838\u5fc3)
\nPython 3.6.15
\nDjango 3.2.0
\ndjangorestframework 3.12.3<\/p>\n

\u5b89\u88c5REST\u6846\u67b6<\/h3>\n
$ <\/span>pip install <\/span>djangorestframework\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u5728\u8bbe\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u6dfb\u52a0REST\u6846\u67b6\u3002<\/h3>\n
\u5047\u8bbe\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\u5939\u7684\u540d\u79f0\u4e3aconfig\u3002<\/p>\n
INSTALLED_APPS = [\r\n<\/span>    'django.contrib.admin',\r\n    'django.contrib.auth',\r\n    'django.contrib.contenttypes',\r\n    'django.contrib.sessions',\r\n    'django.contrib.messages',\r\n    'django.contrib.staticfiles',\r\n+   'rest_framework', # \u30c7\u30fc\u30bfPOSTAPI\r\n<\/span>\u3000\u3000\u3000<\/span>   \u2026\r\n]<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u521b\u4f5c\u4e00\u4e2a\u7528\u4e8e\u4e0a\u884c\u94fe\u8def\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u3002<\/h3>\n
$ <\/span>python manage.py startapp uplink\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u5728\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u6dfb\u52a0\u4e0a\u884c\u94fe\u8def\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f<\/h3>\n
\u5047\u8bbe\u8bbe\u7f6e\u76ee\u5f55\u540d\u79f0\u4e3aconfig<\/p>\n
INSTALLED_APPS = [\r\n<\/span>    'django.contrib.admin',\r\n    'django.contrib.auth',\r\n    'django.contrib.contenttypes',\r\n    'django.contrib.sessions',\r\n    'django.contrib.messages',\r\n    'django.contrib.staticfiles',\r\n    'rest_framework', # \u30c7\u30fc\u30bfPOSTAPI\r\n+   'uplink.apps.UplinkConfig', # \u30a2\u30c3\u30d7\u30ea\u30f3\u30af\uff08\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u53ce\u96c6\uff09\u6a5f\u80fd\r\n<\/span>\u3000\u3000\u3000\u3000\u3000\u3000\u3000\u3000\u2026<\/span>\r\n]\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u5b9a\u4e49 uplink \u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684 URL<\/h3>\n
urlpatterns = [\r\n<\/span>    \u2026\r\n+   path('uplink\/', include('uplink.urls')),\r\n<\/span>    \u2026\r\n]<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u5177\u6709IP\u5730\u5740\u5b57\u6bb5\u7684\u6a21\u578b\uff0c\u5c06\u5176\u4f5c\u4e3a\u5217\u3002<\/h3>\n
from<\/span> django.db<\/span> import<\/span> models<\/span>\r\nfrom<\/span> django.utils<\/span> import<\/span> timezone<\/span>\r\n\r\nclass<\/span> PostData<\/span>(<\/span>models<\/span>.<\/span>Model<\/span>):<\/span>\r\n    \"\"\"\r\n    POST\u3055\u308c\u308b\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u306e\u30e2\u30c7\u30eb\u30af\u30e9\u30b9\r\n\r\n        create_at: \u30c7\u30fc\u30bfPOST\u6642\u523b               \r\n    client_ipaddr: \u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u3092POST\u3057\u305f\u30af\u30e9\u30a4\u30a2\u30f3\u30c8\u306eIP\u30a2\u30c9\u30ec\u30b9\r\n    \"\"\"<\/span>\r\n    class<\/span> Meta<\/span>:<\/span>\r\n        db_table<\/span>=<\/span>\"post_data\"<\/span>\r\n        verbose_name<\/span>=<\/span>'PostData'<\/span>\r\n        verbose_name_plural<\/span>=<\/span>'PostData'<\/span>\r\n\r\n    create_at<\/span> =<\/span> models<\/span>.<\/span>DateTimeField<\/span>(<\/span>\r\n        verbose_name<\/span>=<\/span>'create_at'<\/span>,<\/span>\r\n        blank<\/span>=<\/span>False<\/span>,<\/span>\r\n        null<\/span>=<\/span>False<\/span>,<\/span>\r\n        editable<\/span>=<\/span>False<\/span>,<\/span> #\u7de8\u96c6\u4e0d\u53ef\r\n<\/span>        default<\/span>=<\/span>timezone<\/span>.<\/span>now<\/span>,<\/span>\r\n    )<\/span>\r\n\r\n    client_ipaddr<\/span> =<\/span> models<\/span>.<\/span>GenericIPAddressField<\/span>(<\/span>\r\n        verbose_name<\/span>=<\/span>'Client IP address'<\/span>,<\/span>\r\n        blank<\/span>=<\/span>False<\/span>,<\/span>\r\n        null<\/span>=<\/span>False<\/span>,<\/span>\r\n        default<\/span>=<\/span>'0.0.0.0'<\/span>,<\/span>\r\n        editable<\/span>=<\/span>False<\/span>,<\/span> #\u7de8\u96c6\u4e0d\u53ef\r\n<\/span>    )<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u5728\u7ba1\u7406\u5458\u5904\u6dfb\u52a0\u6a21\u578b\u3002<\/h3>\n
from<\/span> django.contrib<\/span> import<\/span> admin<\/span>\r\n\r\nfrom<\/span> .models<\/span> import<\/span> PostData<\/span>\r\n\r\n@<\/span>admin<\/span>.<\/span>register<\/span>(<\/span>PostData<\/span>)<\/span>\r\nclass<\/span> PostDataAdmin<\/span>(<\/span>admin<\/span>.<\/span>ModelAdmin<\/span>):<\/span>\r\n    list_display<\/span> =<\/span> (<\/span>\r\n        'create_at'<\/span>,<\/span>\r\n        'client_ipaddr'<\/span>,<\/span>\r\n    )<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u5b9a\u4e49URL<\/h3>\n
from<\/span> django.urls<\/span> import<\/span> path<\/span>\r\nfrom<\/span> .<\/span> import<\/span> views<\/span>\r\n\r\napp_name<\/span> =<\/span> 'uplink'<\/span>\r\nurlpatterns<\/span> =<\/span> [<\/span>\r\n    path<\/span>(<\/span>'data_post\/'<\/span>,<\/span> views<\/span>.<\/span>CreateData<\/span>.<\/span>as_view<\/span>(),<\/span> name<\/span>=<\/span>'data_post'<\/span>),<\/span>\r\n]<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
9. \u5b9a\u4e49\u4e00\u4e2a\u5e8f\u5217\u5316\u5668\u3002<\/h3>\n
\u5728\u5b9a\u4e49\u6b64\u5e8f\u5217\u5316\u5668\u65f6\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u4e0d\u5b9a\u4e49client_ipaddr = serializers.IPAddressField()\uff0c\u5c06\u65e0\u6cd5\u6b63\u5e38\u5de5\u4f5c\u3002<\/p>\n
\"\"\"\r\n\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u3092POST\u3059\u308b\u3068\u304d\u306e\u30b7\u30ea\u30a2\u30e9\u30a4\u30b6\r\n\"\"\"<\/span>\r\n\r\nfrom<\/span> rest_framework<\/span> import<\/span> serializers<\/span>\r\n\r\nfrom<\/span> .models<\/span> import<\/span> PostData<\/span>\r\n\r\nclass<\/span> PostDataSerializer<\/span>(<\/span>serializers<\/span>.<\/span>ModelSerializer<\/span>):<\/span>\r\n    # IP\u30a2\u30c9\u30ec\u30b9\u578b\u306e\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u3068\u3057\u3066\u7528\u610f\u3057\u3066\u304a\u304f\r\n<\/span>    client_ipaddr<\/span> =<\/span> serializers<\/span>.<\/span>IPAddressField<\/span>()<\/span>\r\n\r\n    class<\/span> Meta<\/span>:<\/span>\r\n        model<\/span> =<\/span> PostData<\/span>\r\n        fields<\/span> =<\/span> (<\/span>\r\n            '__all__'<\/span>\r\n        )<\/span>\r\n        read_only_fields<\/span> =<\/span> (<\/span>'create_at'<\/span>,<\/span> 'client_ipaddr'<\/span>,<\/span> )<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u5b9a\u4e49\u89c6\u56fe10\u3002<\/h3>\n
from<\/span> rest_framework.views<\/span> import<\/span> APIView<\/span>\r\nfrom<\/span> rest_framework<\/span> import<\/span> status<\/span>\r\nfrom<\/span> rest_framework.response<\/span> import<\/span> Response<\/span>\r\nfrom<\/span> rest_framework.parsers<\/span> import<\/span> MultiPartParser<\/span>,<\/span> FormParser<\/span>\r\n\r\nfrom<\/span> django.utils<\/span> import<\/span> timezone<\/span>\r\n\r\nfrom<\/span> .serializer<\/span> import<\/span> PostDataSerializer<\/span>\r\n\r\nclass<\/span> CreateData<\/span>(<\/span>APIView<\/span>):<\/span>\r\n    \"\"\"\r\n    \u30b2\u30fc\u30c8\u30a6\u30a7\u30a4\u304b\u3089POST\u3055\u308c\u305f\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u3092\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u30d9\u30fc\u30b9\u306b\u683c\u7d0d\u3059\u308b\r\n    \"\"\"<\/span>\r\n    parser_classes<\/span> =<\/span> (<\/span>MultiPartParser<\/span>,<\/span> FormParser<\/span>,<\/span> )<\/span>\r\n\r\n    def<\/span> post<\/span>(<\/span>self<\/span>,<\/span> request<\/span>,<\/span> format<\/span>=<\/span>None<\/span>):<\/span>\r\n        # POST\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u306e\u30da\u30a4\u30ed\u30fc\u30c9\u3092\u30b7\u30ea\u30a2\u30e9\u30a4\u30ba\u3059\u308b\u305f\u3081\u306b\u6574\u5f62\r\n<\/span>        data<\/span> =<\/span> {}<\/span>\r\n        data<\/span>[<\/span>'create_at'<\/span>]<\/span> =<\/span> timezone<\/span>.<\/span>localtime<\/span>(<\/span>timezone<\/span>.<\/span>now<\/span>())<\/span>\r\n        client_ipaddr<\/span> =<\/span> request<\/span>.<\/span>META<\/span>.<\/span>get<\/span>(<\/span>'REMOTE_ADDR'<\/span>)<\/span>\r\n        data<\/span>[<\/span>'client_ipaddr'<\/span>]<\/span> =<\/span> client_ipaddr<\/span>\r\n        # \u30b7\u30ea\u30a2\u30e9\u30a4\u30b6\u306b\u304b\u3051\u308b\r\n<\/span>        serializer<\/span> =<\/span> PostDataSerializer<\/span>(<\/span>data<\/span>=<\/span>data<\/span>)<\/span>\r\n        # \u30b7\u30e9\u30a2\u30e9\u30a4\u30ba\u306e\u6210\u5426\u3067\u51e6\u7406\u3092\u5909\u66f4\r\n<\/span>        if<\/span> serializer<\/span>.<\/span>is_valid<\/span>():<\/span>\r\n            serializer<\/span>.<\/span>save<\/span>()<\/span>\r\n            print<\/span>(<\/span>'\u25cfValied data post.'<\/span>)<\/span>\r\n            print<\/span>(<\/span>serializer<\/span>.<\/span>validated_data<\/span>)<\/span>\r\n            return<\/span> Response<\/span>(<\/span>serializer<\/span>.<\/span>validated_data<\/span>,<\/span> status<\/span>=<\/span>status<\/span>.<\/span>HTTP_201_CREATED<\/span>)<\/span>\r\n        # \u30a8\u30e9\u30fc\u3092\u5410\u3044\u305f\u3089\u8a73\u7d30\u3092\u898b\u305b\u3066\u3082\u3089\u3046\r\n<\/span>        print<\/span>(<\/span>'\u25cfData post is invalied.'<\/span>)<\/span>\r\n        print<\/span>(<\/span>serializer<\/span>.<\/span>errors<\/span>)<\/span>\r\n        return<\/span> Response<\/span>(<\/span>serializer<\/span>.<\/span>errors<\/span>,<\/span> status<\/span>=<\/span>status<\/span>.<\/span>HTTP_400_BAD_REQUEST<\/span>)<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
11. \u6570\u636e\u5e93\u8fc1\u79fb<\/h3>\n
$ <\/span>python manage.py makemigrations\r\n$ <\/span>python manage.py migrate\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u603b\u7ed3<\/h1>\n
\u6211\u5199\u4e86\u5f88\u591a\u5185\u5bb9\uff0c\u4f46\u5bf9\u4e8e\u719f\u7ec3\u4f7f\u7528REST\u6846\u67b6\u7684\u4eba\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u53ea\u9700\u8981\u8bb0\u4f4f”\u7ed3\u8bba”\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u548c\u5b9a\u4e49\u5e8f\u5217\u5316\u5668\u65f6\u7684\u6ce8\u610f\u4e8b\u9879\u5373\u53ef\u3002\u4f7f\u7528Django\u8fdb\u884c\u4e0b\u884c\u94fe\u63a5\u4e5f\u4f1a\u53d7\u5230\u4e00\u5b9a\u7684\u9650\u5236\uff0c\u4f46\u6211\u4f1a\u968f\u65f6\u8fdb\u884c\u8865\u5145\u3002<\/p>\n
\u5982\u679c\u60a8\u80fd\u63d0\u4f9b\u4efb\u4f55\u7591\u95ee\u6216\u4fee\u6b63\u4e4b\u5904\uff0c\u6211\u4f1a\u975e\u5e38\u9ad8\u5174\u3002<\/p>\n
\u7ee7\u7eed<\/h1>\n
\u8bf7\u52a1\u5fc5\u67e5\u770b\u6211\u5728\u300aDjango\u300bREST\u6846\u67b6\u4e2d\u5173\u4e8e\u5728\u9879\u76ee\u4e2d\u5c06\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u7684IP\u5730\u5740\u5b58\u50a8\u5230\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u4e2d\u7684\u6587\u7ae0\u3010Django\u3011REST framework\u3067\u30d7\u30ed\u30b8\u30a7\u30af\u30c8\u306b\u30c7\u30fc\u30bfPOST\u3057\u3066\u304f\u308b\u30af\u30e9\u30a4\u30a2\u30f3\u30c8\u306eIP\u30a2\u30c9\u30ec\u30b9\u3092DB\u306b\u683c\u7d0d\u3059\u308b\uff08\u7d9a\uff09\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u5df2\u7ecf\u5199\u660e\u4e86\u5728\u5b8c\u6210\u672c\u6587\u4e2d\u7684\u6b65\u9aa4\u540e\u5982\u4f55\u8fdb\u884c\u786e\u8ba4\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002<\/p>\n
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