{"id":49439,"date":"2023-09-29T20:00:13","date_gmt":"2023-08-31T08:31:35","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.silicloud.com\/zh\/blog\/django%e7%9a%84%e5%88%9d%e5%a7%8b%e8%ae%be%e7%bd%ae%e5%88%b0%e6%98%be%e7%a4%bahelloworld%ef%bc%88%e5%9f%ba%e7%a1%80%e7%9a%84%e5%9f%ba%e7%a1%80%ef%bc%89\/"},"modified":"2024-05-04T02:06:45","modified_gmt":"2024-05-03T18:06:45","slug":"django%e7%9a%84%e5%88%9d%e5%a7%8b%e8%ae%be%e7%bd%ae%e5%88%b0%e6%98%be%e7%a4%bahelloworld%ef%bc%88%e5%9f%ba%e7%a1%80%e7%9a%84%e5%9f%ba%e7%a1%80%ef%bc%89","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.silicloud.com\/zh\/blog\/django%e7%9a%84%e5%88%9d%e5%a7%8b%e8%ae%be%e7%bd%ae%e5%88%b0%e6%98%be%e7%a4%bahelloworld%ef%bc%88%e5%9f%ba%e7%a1%80%e7%9a%84%e5%9f%ba%e7%a1%80%ef%bc%89\/","title":{"rendered":"Django\u7684\u521d\u59cb\u8bbe\u7f6e\u5230\u663e\u793aHelloWorld\uff08\u57fa\u7840\u7684\u57fa\u7840\uff09"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u9996\u5148<\/h1>\n

\u6211\u6574\u7406\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u5173\u4e8eDjango\u9879\u76ee\u7684\u521d\u59cb\u8bbe\u7f6e\u548c\u663e\u793aHelloWorld\u7684\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u6b65\u9aa4\u3002\u867d\u7136\u8fd9\u662f\u5728\u4f7f\u7528Django\u521b\u5efaWeb\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u65f6\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u77e5\u8bc6\uff0c\u4f46\u5b83\u662f\u5f00\u53d1\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u7684\u5fc5\u8981\u6b65\u9aa4\uff0c\u5e0c\u671b\u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06\u5176\u7528\u4f5c\u5907\u5fd8\u5f55\uff08\u8bf7\u81ea\u884c\u8d1f\u8d23\u4f7f\u7528\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n

1. \u521b\u5efa\u865a\u62df\u73af\u5883\u5e76\u5b89\u88c5Django\u3002<\/h1>\n

\u521b\u5efaDjango\u4f5c\u4e1a\u6587\u4ef6\u5939<\/p>\n

% mkdir python-django\r\n<\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n
\u5728\u521b\u5efa\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u5939\u4e0b\u521b\u5efa\u865a\u62df\u73af\u5883\u3002\u8fd9\u91cc\u5c06\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u540d\u4e3a\u201cvirtual\u201d\u7684\u865a\u62df\u73af\u5883\u3002<\/p>\n
python-django % python3 -m venv virtual\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u79fb\u52a8\u5230bin\u6587\u4ef6\u5939<\/p>\n
python-django % cd virtual\r\n\r\nvirtual % ls\r\nbin             include         lib             pyvenv.cfg\r\n\r\nvirtual % cd bin\r\n\r\nbin % ls\r\nActivate.ps1            activate.csh            easy_install            pip                     pip3.9                  python3\r\nactivate                activate.fish           easy_install-3.9        pip3                    python                  python3.9\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u6fc0\u6d3b\u865a\u62df\u73af\u5883\u3002<\/p>\n
bin % source activate\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u8bf7\u786e\u8ba4\u5728\u7ec8\u7aef\u4e0a\u662f\u5426\u663e\u793a\u51fa\uff08\u865a\u62df\uff09\u3002
\n\u203b\u5982\u679c\u8981\u9000\u51fa\u865a\u62df\u73af\u5883\uff0c\u8bf7\u8f93\u5165”deactivate”\u5e76\u6309\u4e0b\u56de\u8f66\u952e\u5373\u53ef\u3002<\/p>\n
Django\u7684\u5b89\u88c5<\/p>\n
(virtual) bin % pip3 install django\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u5275\u5efaDjango\u5de5\u4f5c\u74b0\u5883<\/h1>\n
\u6211\u6253\u7b97\u5728\u865a\u62df\u6587\u4ef6\u5939\u4e0b\u521b\u5efaDjango\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u73af\u5883\u3002
\n\u9996\u5148\uff0c\u6211\u4f1a\u5c06\u6587\u4ef6\u5939\u4f4d\u7f6e\u79fb\u52a8\u5230\u865a\u62df\u6587\u4ef6\u5939\u4e0b\uff0c\u5e76\u5728\u5176\u4e2d\u521b\u5efa\u540d\u4e3aDjango\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u5939\u3002<\/p>\n
(virtual) bin % cd ..\/\r\n(virtual) virtual % mkdir Django \r\n(virtual) virtual % cd Django\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u4f7f\u7528”firstapp”\u4f5c\u4e3a\u540d\u79f0\u6765\u542f\u52a8Django\u9879\u76ee\u3002\u8f93\u5165\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u548c\u9879\u76ee\u540d\u79f0\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u6309\u4e0b\u56de\u8f66\u952e\u3002<\/p>\n
(virtual) Django % django-admin startproject firstapp\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u6211\u8ba4\u4e3a\u5728Django\u6587\u4ef6\u5939\u4e0b\u521b\u5efa\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u540d\u4e3afirstapp\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u5939\u3002\u5728firstapp\u4e0b\u9762\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u540d\u4e3afirstapp\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u5939\u548c\u4e00\u4e2a\u540d\u4e3amanage.py\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u3002<\/p>\n
\u5728\u8fdb\u5165\u5305\u542bmanage.py\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u76ee\u5f55\u540e\uff0c\u6267\u884c\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4manage.py startapp\u3002\u5728\u6b64\u547d\u4ee4\u4e2d\uff0c\u4f5c\u4e3a\u53c2\u6570\u8f93\u5165\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u540d\u79f0\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u51b3\u5b9a\u4f7f\u7528todo\u4f5c\u4e3a\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u540d\u79f0\u3002<\/p>\n
(virtual) firstapp % python3 manage.py startapp todo\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
3. \u8ba9”\u4f60\u597d\uff0c\u4e16\u754c”\u663e\u793a\u51fa\u6765-\u64cd\u4f5c\u8bf4\u660e\u7bc7<\/h1>\n
\u5982\u679c\u6ca1\u6709\u63a5\u89e6\u8fc7Web\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4ee3\u7801\uff08\u5305\u62ec\u5176\u4ed6\u8bed\u8a00\u7684\u6846\u67b6\uff09\uff0c\u5219\u9700\u8981\u4e86\u89e3\u5176\u539f\u7406\u540e\u624d\u80fd\u7f16\u5199\u4ee3\u7801\u3002\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\uff0c\u6211\u60f3\u4f7f\u7528Django\u6846\u67b6\u7684\u673a\u5236\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4f8b\u5b50\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u4f7f\u7528\u56fe\u8868\u6765\u89e3\u91ca\u5982\u4f55\u663e\u793aHelloWorld\u3002<\/p>\n
\u2460\u4ece\u7f51\u7ad9\u5411Django\u6846\u67b6\u53d1\u9001\u8bf7\u6c42\u3002
\n\u2461\u9996\u5148\uff0c\u5728\u540d\u4e3afirstapp\/urls.py\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u63a5\u6536\u8bf7\u6c42\u3002\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\uff0c\u5199\u7740\u8981\u53bb\u67e5\u770b\u5728\u5e94\u7528\u6587\u4ef6\u5939\u4e2d\u521b\u5efa\u7684todo\/urls.py\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u4f1a\u8df3\u8f6c\u5230\u90a3\u91cc\u53bb\u3002
\n\u2462\u5728todo\/urls.py\u4e2d\uff0c\u5199\u7740\u8981\u8c03\u7528views.py\u4e2d\u5b9a\u4e49\u7684hello\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u4f1a\u53bb\u770b\u4e00\u4e0bviews.py\u3002
\n\u2463\u5728views.py\u4e2d\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e86hello\u51fd\u6570\u3002\u5b83\u8c03\u7528\u4e86\u540d\u79f0\u4e3abase.html\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\uff08\u6a21\u677f\uff09\u4f4d\u4e8e\u6a21\u677f\u6587\u4ef6\u5939\u4e2d\uff0c\u5e76\u5c06\u503c\uff08hw\uff09\u8d4b\u7ed9\u540d\u79f0\u4e3aobject\u7684\u952e\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u6e32\u67d3\u7f51\u7ad9\u3002\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\u5408\u6210\u7f51\u7ad9\u3002
\n\u2464\u5c06\u5728\u6b65\u9aa4\u2463\u4e2d\u5408\u6210\u7684\u7f51\u7ad9\u8fd4\u56de\u7ed9\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u3002<\/p>\n
\"image.png\"<\/div>\n
\u4e5f\u8bb8\u6709\u4eba\u4f1a\u89c9\u5f97\u4e3a\u4e86\u7b80\u5355\u5730\u663e\u793aHelloWorld\u800c\u505a\u8fd9\u4e48\u591a\u7684\u9ebb\u70e6\u4e8b\u3002\u4f46\u662f\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u4f7f\u7528\u8fd9\u4e2a\u673a\u5236\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u9010\u4e2a\u521b\u5efaHTML\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06\u5185\u5bb9\u8f93\u5165\u5230\u6a21\u677f\u4e2d\u5e76\u8fdb\u884c\u663e\u793a\u3002<\/p>\n
4. \u5c1d\u8bd5\u663e\u793a”Hello World” – \u4ee3\u7801\u90e8\u5206<\/h1>\n
\u4f5c\u4e3a\u521d\u59cb\u8bbe\u7f6e\uff0c\u5c06firstapp\u6587\u4ef6\u5939\u4e2d\u7684urls.py\u66f4\u6539\u5982\u4e0b\u3002\u5f00\u59cb\u9875\u6307\u793a\u53bb\u67e5\u770btodo\u6587\u4ef6\u5939\u7684urls.py\u3002<\/p>\n
from<\/span> django.contrib<\/span> import<\/span> admin<\/span>\r\nfrom<\/span> django.urls<\/span> import<\/span> path<\/span>,<\/span> include<\/span>\r\n\r\nurlpatterns<\/span> =<\/span> [<\/span>\r\n    path<\/span>(<\/span>'admin\/'<\/span>,<\/span> admin<\/span>.<\/span>site<\/span>.<\/span>urls<\/span>),<\/span>\r\n    path<\/span>(<\/span>''<\/span>,<\/span>include<\/span>(<\/span>'todo.urls'<\/span>)),<\/span>\r\n]<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u4e0b\u4e00\u6b65\uff0c\u5728settings.py\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u5c06TODO\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u52a0\u5165INSTALLED_APPS\u4e2d\u4ee5\u4fbf\u8bc6\u522b\u3002\u8fd9\u5c06\u6dfb\u52a0’todo.apps.TodoConfig’\uff0c\u5b83\u5f15\u7528\u4e86todo\u6587\u4ef6\u5939\u4e2dapps.py\u7684TodoConfig\u7c7b\u3002<\/p>\n
INSTALLED_APPS<\/span> =<\/span> [<\/span>\r\n    'django.contrib.admin'<\/span>,<\/span>\r\n    'django.contrib.auth'<\/span>,<\/span>\r\n    'django.contrib.contenttypes'<\/span>,<\/span>\r\n    'django.contrib.sessions'<\/span>,<\/span>\r\n    'django.contrib.messages'<\/span>,<\/span>\r\n    'django.contrib.staticfiles'<\/span>,<\/span>\r\n    'todo.apps.TodoConfig'<\/span>,<\/span>\r\n]<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u540d\u4e3a”templates”\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u5939\uff0c\u5e76\u5c06\u6a21\u677f\u6587\u4ef6\u5939\u7684\u8def\u5f84\u6dfb\u52a0\u5230settings.py\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u3002\u5728manage.py\u6240\u5728\u7684\u76ee\u5f55\u4e0b\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u540d\u4e3a”templates”\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u5939\uff0c\u5e76\u5728settings.py\u7684TEMPLATES\u90e8\u5206\u8fdb\u884c\u4ee5\u4e0b\u914d\u7f6e\u3002<\/p>\n
import<\/span> os<\/span>\r\n\r\nTEMPLATES<\/span> =<\/span> [<\/span>\r\n    {<\/span>\r\n        'BACKEND'<\/span>:<\/span> 'django.template.backends.django.DjangoTemplates'<\/span>,<\/span>\r\n        'DIRS'<\/span>:<\/span> [<\/span>os<\/span>.<\/span>path<\/span>.<\/span>join<\/span>(<\/span>BASE_DIR<\/span>,<\/span> 'templates'<\/span>)],<\/span>\r\n        'APP_DIRS'<\/span>:<\/span> True<\/span>,<\/span>\r\n        'OPTIONS'<\/span>:<\/span> {<\/span>\r\n            'context_processors'<\/span>:<\/span> [<\/span>\r\n                'django.template.context_processors.debug'<\/span>,<\/span>\r\n                'django.template.context_processors.request'<\/span>,<\/span>\r\n                'django.contrib.auth.context_processors.auth'<\/span>,<\/span>\r\n                'django.contrib.messages.context_processors.messages'<\/span>,<\/span>\r\n            ],<\/span>\r\n        },<\/span>\r\n    },<\/span>\r\n]<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u6211\u4f1a\u7f16\u8f91todo\u6587\u4ef6\u5939\u4e2d\u7684urls.py\u3002\u4ecefirstapp\u6587\u4ef6\u5939\u7684urls.py\u8df3\u8f6c\u5230todo\u6587\u4ef6\u5939\u7684urls.py\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u6211\u4f1a\u5728todo\u6587\u4ef6\u5939\u7684urls.py\u4e2d\u7f16\u5199\u8c03\u7528\uff08\u7a0d\u540e\uff09\u5728views\u4e2d\u5199\u7684\u51fd\u6570\u7684\u6307\u4ee4\u3002<\/p>\n
from<\/span> django.urls<\/span> import<\/span> path<\/span>\r\nfrom<\/span> .views<\/span> import<\/span> hello<\/span>\r\n\r\nurlpatterns<\/span> =<\/span> [<\/span>\r\n    path<\/span>(<\/span>''<\/span>,<\/span> hello<\/span>,<\/span> name<\/span>=<\/span>'hello'<\/span>),<\/span>\r\n]<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u63a5\u4e0b\u6765\u6211\u4eec\u8981\u7f16\u5199views.py\u3002\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\uff0creturn render\u662f\u5173\u952e\uff0c\u5f53\u6709\u8bf7\u6c42\u65f6\uff0c\u5b83\u4f1a\u8c03\u7528base.html\u4f5c\u4e3a\u6a21\u677f\uff08\u7a0d\u540e\u4f1a\u521b\u5efa\uff09\uff0c\u5e76\u5728key\u4e3aobject\u65f6\uff0c\u5c06hw\uff08Hello World\uff09\u4f5c\u4e3a\u503c\u8c03\u7528\u51fa\u6765\u3002<\/p>\n
from<\/span> django.shortcuts<\/span> import<\/span> render<\/span>\r\n\r\ndef<\/span> hello<\/span>(<\/span>request<\/span>):<\/span>\r\n    hw<\/span> =<\/span> 'Hello World!'<\/span>\r\n    return<\/span> render<\/span>(<\/span>request<\/span>,<\/span> 'base.html'<\/span>,<\/span> {<\/span>'object'<\/span>:<\/span>hw<\/span>})<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u6211\u4f1a\u628abase.html\u5199\u6210\u4e0b\u9762\u8fd9\u6837\u3002<\/p>\n
(N\u01d0 xi\u011b base.html .)<\/p>\n
{{object}}\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u8bf7\u7528\u4ee5\u4e0b\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\u8f93\u5165\u5e76\u70b9\u51fbURL\u8bd5\u8bd5\u770b\uff0c\u8fd9\u6837\u4f60\u5c31\u80fd\u770b\u5230\u663e\u793a”Hello World!”\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n
(virtual) firstapp % python3 manage.py runserver\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
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