{"id":49243,"date":"2022-11-10T21:11:33","date_gmt":"2023-12-22T19:40:13","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.silicloud.com\/zh\/blog\/django-5-0%e4%b8%bb%e8%a6%81%e5%8f%98%e6%9b%b4%e6%80%bb%e7%bb%93\/"},"modified":"2024-04-29T00:03:36","modified_gmt":"2024-04-28T16:03:36","slug":"django-5-0%e4%b8%bb%e8%a6%81%e5%8f%98%e6%9b%b4%e6%80%bb%e7%bb%93","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.silicloud.com\/zh\/blog\/django-5-0%e4%b8%bb%e8%a6%81%e5%8f%98%e6%9b%b4%e6%80%bb%e7%bb%93\/","title":{"rendered":"Django 5.0\u4e3b\u8981\u53d8\u66f4\u603b\u7ed3"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u8fd9\u662fQiita Django Advent Calendar 2023\u7684\u7b2c11\u7bc7\u6587\u7ae0\u3002<\/p>\n

2023\u5e7412\u67084\u65e5\uff0cDjango 5.0\u53d1\u5e03\u4e86\u3002\u6211\u5c06\u89e3\u91ca\u5176\u4e2d\u4e3b\u8981\u7684\u53d8\u66f4\u3002<\/p>\n

\"Django5.0.png\"<\/div>\n

\u8bf7\u53c2\u8003\u5b98\u65b9\u7f51\u7ad9\u4e0a\u7684\u53d1\u5e03\u4fe1\u606f\u3002<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Django 5.0 \u4e0d\u662f\u957f\u671f\u652f\u6301\uff08LTS\uff09\u7248\u3002\u5176\u652f\u6301\u622a\u6b62\u65e5\u671f\u4e3a2025\u5e744\u6708\u3002
\n\u9274\u4e8e\u652f\u6301\u622a\u6b62\u65e5\u671f\u65e9\u4e8e\u957f\u671f\u652f\u6301\u7248\u76844.2\uff08\u622a\u6b62\u65e5\u671f\u4e3a2026\u5e744\u6708\uff09\uff0c\u8bf7\u614e\u91cd\u8003\u8651\u662f\u5426\u503c\u5f97\u5347\u7ea7\u81f3Django 5.0\u3002
\n\u6709\u5173\u6bcf\u4e2a\u7248\u672c\u7684\u652f\u6301\u622a\u6b62\u65e5\u671f\u7684\u8be6\u7ec6\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u8bf7\u53c2\u9605\u5b98\u65b9\u6587\u6863\u4e2d\u7684\u201cSupported Versions\u201d\u90e8\u5206\u3002<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\u7ba1\u7406\u5458\u4e2d\u7684\u9762\u677f\u7b5b\u9009\u5668<\/h2>\n

\u7ba1\u7406\u5458\u73b0\u5728\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u7b5b\u9009\u5668\u4e2d\u663e\u793a\u76f8\u5e94\u7684\u9879\u76ee\u6570\uff08\u9762\u677f\u6570\uff09\u3002\u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7ModelAdmin.show_facets\u5c5e\u6027\u6765\u8fdb\u884c\u8bbe\u7f6e\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u8bbe\u7f6e\u793a\u4f8b\u3002<\/p>\n

from<\/span> django.contrib<\/span> import<\/span> admin<\/span>\r\n\r\nfrom<\/span> .models<\/span> import<\/span> Book<\/span>\r\n\r\nclass<\/span> BookAdmin<\/span>(<\/span>admin<\/span>.<\/span>ModelAdmin<\/span>):<\/span>\r\n    list_display<\/span> =<\/span> (<\/span>\"<\/span>title<\/span>\"<\/span>,<\/span> \"<\/span>price<\/span>\"<\/span>,<\/span> \"<\/span>author<\/span>\"<\/span>,)<\/span>\r\n    list_filter<\/span> =<\/span> (<\/span>\"<\/span>author<\/span>\"<\/span>,)<\/span>\r\n    show_facets<\/span> =<\/span> admin<\/span>.<\/span>ShowFacets<\/span>.<\/span>ALWAYS<\/span>  # \u3053\u308c\u3092\u8a2d\u5b9a\r\n<\/span>\r\nadmin<\/span>.<\/span>site<\/span>.<\/span>register<\/span>(<\/span>Book<\/span>,<\/span> BookAdmin<\/span>)<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u5b9e\u9645\u7684\u7ba1\u7406\u5458\u754c\u9762\u4f1a\u50cf\u4e0b\u9762\u8fd9\u6837\u663e\u793a\u3002<\/p>\n
\"Select_book_to_change___Django_site_admin.jpg\"<\/div>\n
\u8bf7\u6ce8\u610f\uff0c\u5f53\u663e\u793a\u9762\u6570\u91cf\u65f6\uff0c\u4f1a\u53d1\u51fa\u989d\u5916\u7684\u67e5\u8be2\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u5bf9\u6027\u80fd\u4ea7\u751f\u5f71\u54cd\u3002<\/p>\n
ModelAdmin.show_facets\u5c5e\u6027\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e3a\u4ee5\u4e0b3\u79cd\u7c7b\u578b\u3002<\/p>\n
admin.ShowFacets.ALWAYS: \u5e38\u306b\u30d5\u30a1\u30bb\u30c3\u30c8\u6570\u3092\u8868\u793a<\/p>\n
admin.ShowFacets.ALLOW: \u30d5\u30a1\u30bb\u30c3\u30c8\u6570\u306e\u8868\u793a\u30fb\u975e\u8868\u793a\u3092\u5207\u308a\u66ff\u3048\u3089\u308c\u308b\uff08\u5f8c\u8ff0\uff09<\/p>\n
admin.ShowFacets.NEVER: \u30d5\u30a1\u30bb\u30c3\u30c8\u6570\u3092\u8868\u793a\u3055\u305b\u306a\u3044<\/p>\n
\"Select_book_to_change___Django_site_admin.jpg\"<\/div>\n
\u8868\u5355\u5b57\u6bb5\u6e32\u67d3\u7684\u7b80\u5316\u6a21\u677f<\/h2>\n
\u521b\u5efa\u72ec\u81ea\u7684\u8868\u5355\u5b57\u6bb5\u6a21\u677f\u7684\u5199\u6cd5\u53d8\u5f97\u66f4\u7b80\u5355\u4e86\u3002
\n\u9996\u5148\uff0c\u8bf7\u770b\u4e00\u4e0bDjango 4.2\u4e2d\u7684\u5199\u6cd5\u3002\u56e0\u4e3a\u9700\u8981\u7ec4\u5408\u5404\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u9700\u8981\u4f7f\u7528\u76f8\u5f53\u590d\u6742\u7684\u5199\u6cd5\u3002<\/p>\n
<form><\/span>\r\n...\r\n<div><\/span>\r\n  {{<\/span> form.name.label_tag<\/span> }}<\/span>\r\n  {%<\/span> if<\/span> form.name.help_text<\/span> %}<\/span>\r\n    <div<\/span> class=<\/span>\"helptext\"<\/span> id=<\/span>\"<\/span>{{<\/span> form.name.id_for_label<\/span> }}<\/span>_helptext\"<\/span>><\/span>\r\n      {{<\/span> form.name.help_text<\/span>|<\/span>safe<\/span> }}<\/span>\r\n    <\/div><\/span>\r\n  {%<\/span> endif<\/span> %}<\/span>\r\n  {{<\/span> form.name.errors<\/span> }}<\/span>\r\n  {{<\/span> form.name<\/span> }}<\/span>\r\n  <div<\/span> class=<\/span>\"row\"<\/span>><\/span>\r\n    <div<\/span> class=<\/span>\"col\"<\/span>><\/span>\r\n      {{<\/span> form.email.label_tag<\/span> }}<\/span>\r\n      {%<\/span> if<\/span> form.email.help_text<\/span> %}<\/span>\r\n        <div<\/span> class=<\/span>\"helptext\"<\/span> id=<\/span>\"<\/span>{{<\/span> form.email.id_for_label<\/span> }}<\/span>_helptext\"<\/span>><\/span>\r\n          {{<\/span> form.email.help_text<\/span>|<\/span>safe<\/span> }}<\/span>\r\n        <\/div><\/span>\r\n      {%<\/span> endif<\/span> %}<\/span>\r\n      {{<\/span> form.email.errors<\/span> }}<\/span>\r\n      {{<\/span> form.email<\/span> }}<\/span>\r\n    <\/div><\/span>\r\n    <div<\/span> class=<\/span>\"col\"<\/span>><\/span>\r\n      {{<\/span> form.password.label_tag<\/span> }}<\/span>\r\n      {%<\/span> if<\/span> form.password.help_text<\/span> %}<\/span>\r\n        <div<\/span> class=<\/span>\"helptext\"<\/span> id=<\/span>\"<\/span>{{<\/span> form.password.id_for_label<\/span> }}<\/span>_helptext\"<\/span>><\/span>\r\n          {{<\/span> form.password.help_text<\/span>|<\/span>safe<\/span> }}<\/span>\r\n        <\/div><\/span>\r\n      {%<\/span> endif<\/span> %}<\/span>\r\n      {{<\/span> form.password.errors<\/span> }}<\/span>\r\n      {{<\/span> form.password<\/span> }}<\/span>\r\n    <\/div><\/span>\r\n  <\/div><\/span>\r\n<\/div><\/span>\r\n...\r\n<\/form><\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u5728Django 5.0\u4e2d\uff0c\u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528as_field_group()\u65b9\u6cd5\u5c06\u5176\u7b80\u5316\u4e3a\u4ee5\u4e0b\u7f16\u5199\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e0e\u4e4b\u524d\u63d0\u5230\u7684\u6a21\u677f\u5177\u6709\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u610f\u4e49\u3002<\/p>\n
<form><\/span>\r\n...\r\n<div><\/span>\r\n  {{<\/span> form.name.as_field_group<\/span> }}<\/span>\r\n  <div<\/span> class=<\/span>\"row\"<\/span>><\/span>\r\n    <div<\/span> class=<\/span>\"col\"<\/span>><\/span>{{<\/span> form.email.as_field_group<\/span> }}<\/span><\/div><\/span>\r\n    <div<\/span> class=<\/span>\"col\"<\/span>><\/span>{{<\/span> form.password.as_field_group<\/span> }}<\/span><\/div><\/span>\r\n  <\/div><\/span>\r\n<\/div><\/span>\r\n...\r\n<\/form><\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u8ba1\u7b97\u7684\u9ed8\u8ba4\u503c<\/h2>\n
\u65b0\u589e\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2aField.db_default\u5c5e\u6027\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u8bbe\u7f6e\u9ed8\u8ba4\u503c\u3002\u4e0e\u4f20\u7edf\u7684Field.default\u5c5e\u6027\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u7aef\u8ba1\u7b97\u5e76\u8bbe\u7f6e\u503c\u3002<\/p>\n
\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u4ee3\u7801\u793a\u4f8b\u3002<\/p>\n
from<\/span> django.db<\/span> import<\/span> models<\/span>\r\nfrom<\/span> django.db.models.functions<\/span> import<\/span> Now<\/span>,<\/span> Pi<\/span>\r\n\r\nclass<\/span> Example<\/span>(<\/span>models<\/span>.<\/span>Model<\/span>):<\/span>\r\n    name<\/span> =<\/span> models<\/span>.<\/span>CharField<\/span>(<\/span>max_length<\/span>=<\/span>100<\/span>)<\/span>\r\n    created_at<\/span> =<\/span> models<\/span>.<\/span>DateTimeField<\/span>(<\/span>db_default<\/span>=<\/span>Now<\/span>())<\/span>\r\n    circumference<\/span> =<\/span> models<\/span>.<\/span>FloatField<\/span>(<\/span>db_default<\/span>=<\/span>2<\/span> *<\/span> Pi<\/span>())<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u4f7f\u7528\u4e0a\u8ff0\u6a21\u578b\u8fdb\u884c\u6570\u636e\u6ce8\u518c\uff0c\u7ed3\u679c\u5982\u4e0b\u6240\u793a\u3002<\/p>\n
>>><\/span> from<\/span> example.models<\/span> import<\/span> Example<\/span>\r\n>>><\/span> example<\/span> =<\/span> Example<\/span>.<\/span>objects<\/span>.<\/span>create<\/span>(<\/span>name<\/span>=<\/span>\"<\/span>example<\/span>\"<\/span>)<\/span>\r\n>>><\/span> example<\/span>.<\/span>created_at<\/span>\r\ndatetime<\/span>.<\/span>datetime<\/span>(<\/span>2023<\/span>,<\/span> 11<\/span>,<\/span> 14<\/span>,<\/span> 14<\/span>,<\/span> 52<\/span>,<\/span> 50<\/span>,<\/span> 579000<\/span>,<\/span> tzinfo<\/span>=<\/span>datetime<\/span>.<\/span>timezone<\/span>.<\/span>utc<\/span>)<\/span>\r\n>>><\/span> example<\/span>.<\/span>circumference<\/span>\r\n6.283185307179586<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u7136\u800c\uff0cField.db_default\u5c5e\u6027\u65e0\u6cd5\u6307\u5b9a\u5f15\u7528\u5176\u4ed6\u5b57\u6bb5\u7684\u503c\u3002<\/p>\n
from<\/span> django.db<\/span> import<\/span> models<\/span>\r\nfrom<\/span> django.db.models<\/span> import<\/span> F<\/span>\r\nfrom<\/span> django.db.models<\/span> import<\/span> Value<\/span> as<\/span> V<\/span>\r\nfrom<\/span> django.db.models.functions<\/span> import<\/span> Concat<\/span>\r\n\r\nclass<\/span> Example<\/span>(<\/span>models<\/span>.<\/span>Model<\/span>):<\/span>\r\n    first_name<\/span> =<\/span> models<\/span>.<\/span>CharField<\/span>(<\/span>max_length<\/span>=<\/span>100<\/span>)<\/span>\r\n    last_name<\/span> =<\/span> models<\/span>.<\/span>CharField<\/span>(<\/span>max_length<\/span>=<\/span>100<\/span>)<\/span>\r\n    full_name<\/span> =<\/span> models<\/span>.<\/span>TextField<\/span>(<\/span>\r\n        # NG\r\n<\/span>        db_default<\/span>=<\/span>Concat<\/span>(<\/span>F<\/span>(<\/span>\"<\/span>first_name<\/span>\"<\/span>),<\/span> V<\/span>(<\/span>\"<\/span> \"<\/span>),<\/span> F<\/span>(<\/span>\"<\/span>last_name<\/span>\"<\/span>)),<\/span>\r\n    )<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u5f53\u5728\u4e0a\u8ff0\u7684\u6a21\u578b\u5b9a\u4e49\u7684\u72b6\u6001\u4e0b\u6267\u884c\u8fc1\u79fb\u547d\u4ee4\u65f6\uff0c\u4f1a\u51fa\u73b0\u4ee5\u4e0b\u9519\u8bef\u3002<\/p>\n
$ <\/span>python manage.py migrate\r\nSystemCheckError: System check identified some issues:\r\n\r\nERRORS:\r\nexample.Example.full_name: (<\/span>fields.E012)<\/span> Concat(<\/span>ConcatPair(<\/span>F(<\/span>first_name)<\/span>, ConcatPair(<\/span>Value(<\/span>' '<\/span>)<\/span>, F(<\/span>last_name))))<\/span> cannot be used in <\/span>db_default.\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u751f\u6210\u7684\u6a21\u578b\u5b57\u6bb5<\/h2>\n
\u5728\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u4e2d\u751f\u6210\u7684\u503c\u88ab\u5904\u7406\u65f6\uff0c\u589e\u52a0\u4e86GeneratedField\u3002
\n\u5728\u4ee5\u4e0b\u793a\u4f8b\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4f7f\u7528GeneratedField\u5c06first_name\u548clast_name\u5f15\u7528\u7684\u503c\u751f\u6210\u4e3afull_name\u5b57\u6bb5\u3002<\/p>\n
from<\/span> django.db<\/span> import<\/span> models<\/span>\r\nfrom<\/span> django.db.models<\/span> import<\/span> F<\/span>\r\nfrom<\/span> django.db.models<\/span> import<\/span> Value<\/span> as<\/span> V<\/span>\r\nfrom<\/span> django.db.models.functions<\/span> import<\/span> Concat<\/span>\r\n\r\nclass<\/span> Example<\/span>(<\/span>models<\/span>.<\/span>Model<\/span>):<\/span>\r\n    first_name<\/span> =<\/span> models<\/span>.<\/span>CharField<\/span>(<\/span>max_length<\/span>=<\/span>100<\/span>)<\/span>\r\n    last_name<\/span> =<\/span> models<\/span>.<\/span>CharField<\/span>(<\/span>max_length<\/span>=<\/span>100<\/span>)<\/span>\r\n    full_name<\/span> =<\/span> models<\/span>.<\/span>GeneratedField<\/span>(<\/span>\r\n        expression<\/span>=<\/span>Concat<\/span>(<\/span>F<\/span>(<\/span>\"<\/span>first_name<\/span>\"<\/span>),<\/span> V<\/span>(<\/span>\"<\/span> \"<\/span>),<\/span> F<\/span>(<\/span>\"<\/span>last_name<\/span>\"<\/span>)),<\/span>\r\n        db_persist<\/span>=<\/span>True<\/span>,<\/span>  # True\u304bFalse\u3092\u5fc5\u305a\u6307\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\r\n<\/span>    )<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u5f53db_persist\u4e3aTrue\u65f6\uff0c\u5c06\u503c\u5b58\u50a8\u5230\u5b58\u50a8\u8bbe\u5907\u7684\u8bbe\u7f6e\u3002\u5fc5\u987b\u6307\u5b9a\u4e3aTrue\u6216False\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u6307\u5b9a\u54ea\u4e2a\u53d6\u51b3\u4e8e\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u4e0d\u540c\u3002<\/p>\n
\u8ba9\u6211\u4eec\u4f7f\u7528\u4e0a\u8ff0\u6a21\u578b\u6765\u6ce8\u518c\u6570\u636e\u3002\u6ce8\u518c\u540e\uff0c\u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u5230full_name\u5df2\u7ecf\u88ab\u751f\u6210\u3002\u800c\u4e14\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u5728\u6ce8\u518c\u540e\u66f4\u65b0\u4e86first_name\u548clast_name\uff0cfull_name\u4e5f\u4f1a\u88ab\u66f4\u65b0\u3002<\/p>\n
>>><\/span> from<\/span> example.models<\/span> import<\/span> Example<\/span>\r\n>>><\/span> example<\/span> =<\/span> Example<\/span>.<\/span>objects<\/span>.<\/span>create<\/span>(<\/span>first_name<\/span>=<\/span>\"<\/span>Taro<\/span>\"<\/span>,<\/span> last_name<\/span>=<\/span>\"<\/span>Yamada<\/span>\"<\/span>)<\/span>\r\n>>><\/span> example<\/span>.<\/span>full_name<\/span>  # first_name\u3068last_name\u306e\u767b\u9332\u5185\u5bb9\u304c\u53cd\u6620\u3055\u308c\u308b\r\n<\/span>'<\/span>Taro Yamada<\/span>'<\/span>\r\n>>><\/span> Example<\/span>.<\/span>objects<\/span>.<\/span>filter<\/span>(<\/span>pk<\/span>=<\/span>example<\/span>.<\/span>pk<\/span>).<\/span>update<\/span>(<\/span>first_name<\/span>=<\/span>\"<\/span>Hanako<\/span>\"<\/span>,<\/span> last_name<\/span>=<\/span>\"<\/span>Suzuki<\/span>\"<\/span>)<\/span>\r\n1<\/span>\r\n>>><\/span> example<\/span>.<\/span>refresh_from_db<\/span>()<\/span>\r\n>>><\/span> example<\/span>.<\/span>full_name<\/span>  # first_name\u3068last_name\u306e\u5909\u66f4\u5185\u5bb9\u304c\u53cd\u6620\u3055\u308c\u308b\r\n<\/span>'<\/span>Hanako Suzuki<\/span>'<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u8ba9\u6211\u4eec\u6765\u67e5\u770b\u8868\u5b9a\u4e49\uff08\u672c\u6587\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u662f SQLite 3.39.5\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n
$ <\/span>python manage.py sqlmigrate example 0001\r\nBEGIN;<\/span>\r\n--<\/span>\r\n--<\/span> Create model Example\r\n--<\/span>\r\nCREATE TABLE \"example_example\"<\/span> (<\/span>\"id\"<\/span> integer NOT NULL PRIMARY KEY AUTOINCREMENT, \"first_name\"<\/span> varchar(<\/span>100)<\/span> NOT NULL, \"last_name\"<\/span> varchar(<\/span>100)<\/span> NOT NULL, \"full_name\"<\/span> varchar(<\/span>100)<\/span> GENERATED ALWAYS AS (<\/span>COALESCE(<\/span>\"first_name\"<\/span>, ''<\/span>)<\/span> ||<\/span> COALESCE(<\/span>COALESCE(<\/span>' '<\/span>, ''<\/span>)<\/span> ||<\/span> COALESCE(<\/span>\"last_name\"<\/span>, ''<\/span>)<\/span>, ''<\/span>))<\/span> STORED)<\/span>;<\/span>\r\nCOMMIT;<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
full_name\u7684\u5b9a\u4e49\u662f”full_name” varchar(100)\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u529f\u80fd\u751f\u6210\u503c\uff0c\u751f\u6210\u89c4\u5219\u4e3a\uff08COALESCE(“first_name”, ”) || COALESCE(COALESCE(‘ ‘, ”) || COALESCE(“last_name”, ”), ”)) STORED\u3002<\/p>\n
\u63d0\u4f9b\u66f4\u591a\u9886\u57df\u9009\u62e9\u7684\u9009\u9879<\/h2>\n
Field.choices\u5c5e\u6027\u548cChoiceField.choices\u5c5e\u6027\u53ef\u4ee5\u6307\u5b9a\u7684\u503c\u79cd\u7c7b\u589e\u52a0\u4e86\u4e24\u4e2a\u3002<\/p>\n
\u73b0\u5728\uff0c\u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u76f4\u63a5\u6307\u5b9a\u679a\u4e3e\u7c7b\u578b\u800c\u4e0d\u4f7f\u7528\u679a\u4e3e\u7c7b\u578b\u7684.choices\u5c5e\u6027\u6765\u5217\u4e3e\u679a\u4e3e\u7c7b\u578b\u3002<\/p>\n
\u9996\u5148\uff0c\u8bf7\u770b\u4e00\u4e0bDjango 4.2\u4e4b\u524d\u7684\u679a\u4e3e\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002<\/p>\n
from<\/span> django.db<\/span> import<\/span> models<\/span>\r\n\r\nclass<\/span> Post<\/span>(<\/span>models<\/span>.<\/span>Model<\/span>):<\/span>\r\n    class<\/span> Status<\/span>(<\/span>models<\/span>.<\/span>TextChoices<\/span>):<\/span>\r\n        PUBLISHED<\/span> =<\/span> \"<\/span>published<\/span>\"<\/span>,<\/span> \"<\/span>\u516c\u958b<\/span>\"<\/span>\r\n        DRAFT<\/span> =<\/span> \"<\/span>draft<\/span>\"<\/span>,<\/span> \"<\/span>\u4e0b\u66f8\u304d<\/span>\"<\/span>\r\n\r\n    status<\/span> =<\/span> models<\/span>.<\/span>CharField<\/span>(<\/span>\r\n        max_length<\/span>=<\/span>20<\/span>,<\/span>\r\n        choices<\/span>=<\/span>Status<\/span>.<\/span>choices<\/span>,<\/span>  # choices\u5c5e\u6027\u3092\u6307\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\r\n<\/span>        default<\/span>=<\/span>Status<\/span>.<\/span>DRAFT<\/span>,<\/span>\r\n    )<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u4eceDjango 5.0\u5f00\u59cb\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u6309\u4ee5\u4e0b\u65b9\u5f0f\u7f16\u5199\u3002<\/p>\n
from<\/span> django.db<\/span> import<\/span> models<\/span>\r\n\r\nclass<\/span> Post<\/span>(<\/span>models<\/span>.<\/span>Model<\/span>):<\/span>\r\n    class<\/span> Status<\/span>(<\/span>models<\/span>.<\/span>TextChoices<\/span>):<\/span>\r\n        PUBLISHED<\/span> =<\/span> \"<\/span>published<\/span>\"<\/span>,<\/span> \"<\/span>\u516c\u958b<\/span>\"<\/span>\r\n        DRAFT<\/span> =<\/span> \"<\/span>draft<\/span>\"<\/span>,<\/span> \"<\/span>\u4e0b\u66f8\u304d<\/span>\"<\/span>\r\n\r\n    status<\/span> =<\/span> models<\/span>.<\/span>CharField<\/span>(<\/span>\r\n        max_length<\/span>=<\/span>20<\/span>,<\/span>\r\n        choices<\/span>=<\/span>Status<\/span>,<\/span>  # choices\u5c5e\u6027\u3092\u7701\u7565\u3057\u3066\u76f4\u63a5\u5217\u6319\u578b\u3092\u6307\u5b9a\u3067\u304d\u308b\r\n<\/span>        default<\/span>=<\/span>Status<\/span>.<\/span>DRAFT<\/span>,<\/span>\r\n    )<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u7b2c\u4e8c\u4e2a\u9009\u9879\u662f\uff0c\u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f20\u9012\u4ee5\u4e0b\u53ef\u4ee5\u8c03\u7528\u7684\u5bf9\u8c61\u3002<\/p>\n
from<\/span> django.db<\/span> import<\/span> models<\/span>\r\n\r\ndef<\/span> get_statuses<\/span>():<\/span>\r\n    return<\/span> {<\/span>\r\n        \"<\/span>published<\/span>\"<\/span>:<\/span> \"<\/span>\u516c\u958b<\/span>\"<\/span>,<\/span>\r\n        \"<\/span>draft<\/span>\"<\/span>:<\/span> \"<\/span>\u4e0b\u66f8\u304d<\/span>\"<\/span>,<\/span>\r\n    }<\/span>\r\n\r\nclass<\/span> Post<\/span>(<\/span>models<\/span>.<\/span>Model<\/span>):<\/span>\r\n    status<\/span> =<\/span> models<\/span>.<\/span>CharField<\/span>(<\/span>\r\n        max_length<\/span>=<\/span>20<\/span>,<\/span>\r\n        choices<\/span>=<\/span>get_statuses<\/span>,<\/span>\r\n        default<\/span>=<\/span>\"<\/span>draft<\/span>\"<\/span>,<\/span>\r\n    )<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u8bf7\u53c2\u8003\u4ee5\u4e0b\u7f51\u5740\uff1ahttps:\/\/docs.djangoproject.com\/en\/5.0\/ref\/contrib\/admin\/#django.contrib.admin.ModelAdmin.ShowFacets<\/section>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
\u8fd9\u662fQiita Django Advent Calendar 2023\u7684\u7b2c11\u7bc7\u6587\u7ae0\u3002 2023\u5e7412\u67084\u65e5\uff0c […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":12,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-49243","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-uncategorized"],"yoast_head":"\nDjango 5.0\u4e3b\u8981\u53d8\u66f4\u603b\u7ed3 - Blog - Silicon Cloud<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.silicloud.com\/zh\/blog\/django-5-0\u4e3b\u8981\u53d8\u66f4\u603b\u7ed3\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"zh_CN\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Django 5.0\u4e3b\u8981\u53d8\u66f4\u603b\u7ed3\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"\u8fd9\u662fQiita Django Advent Calendar 2023\u7684\u7b2c11\u7bc7\u6587\u7ae0\u3002 2023\u5e7412\u67084\u65e5\uff0c […]\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/www.silicloud.com\/zh\/blog\/django-5-0\u4e3b\u8981\u53d8\u66f4\u603b\u7ed3\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Blog - 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