{"id":49190,"date":"2023-04-28T14:40:57","date_gmt":"2022-12-28T18:37:32","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.silicloud.com\/zh\/blog\/django%e5%ad%a6%e4%b9%a0%e7%ac%ac%e4%b8%89%e9%83%a8%e5%88%86%ef%bc%88%e4%bb%8e%e5%88%9b%e5%bb%ba%e6%a8%a1%e5%9e%8b%e5%88%b0%e5%90%af%e7%94%a8%ef%bc%89%e3%80%82\/"},"modified":"2024-01-15T12:50:07","modified_gmt":"2024-01-15T04:50:07","slug":"django%e5%ad%a6%e4%b9%a0%e7%ac%ac%e4%b8%89%e9%83%a8%e5%88%86%ef%bc%88%e4%bb%8e%e5%88%9b%e5%bb%ba%e6%a8%a1%e5%9e%8b%e5%88%b0%e5%90%af%e7%94%a8%ef%bc%89%e3%80%82","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.silicloud.com\/zh\/blog\/django%e5%ad%a6%e4%b9%a0%e7%ac%ac%e4%b8%89%e9%83%a8%e5%88%86%ef%bc%88%e4%bb%8e%e5%88%9b%e5%bb%ba%e6%a8%a1%e5%9e%8b%e5%88%b0%e5%90%af%e7%94%a8%ef%bc%89%e3%80%82\/","title":{"rendered":"Django\u5b66\u4e60\u7b2c\u4e09\u90e8\u5206\uff08\u4ece\u521b\u5efa\u6a21\u578b\u5230\u542f\u7528\uff09"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u7684\u8bbe\u7f6e<\/h2>\n

\u8bbe\u7acb\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u5e76\u521b\u5efa\u521d\u7248\u6a21\u578b\u3002<\/p>\n

\u7531\u4e8e\u8fd9\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u6d4b\u8bd5\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u4f7f\u7528SQLite3\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4ee5\u4e0b\u5c06\u4fdd\u6301\u9ed8\u8ba4\u72b6\u6001\uff1a\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u3001\u65f6\u533a\u3001\u5b89\u88c5\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u3002<\/p>\n

\r\nDATABASES<\/span> =<\/span> {<\/span>\r\n    '<\/span>default<\/span>'<\/span>:<\/span> {<\/span>\r\n        '<\/span>ENGINE<\/span>'<\/span>:<\/span> '<\/span>django.db.backends.sqlite3<\/span>'<\/span>,<\/span>\r\n        '<\/span>NAME<\/span>'<\/span>:<\/span> BASE_DIR<\/span> \/<\/span> '<\/span>db.sqlite3<\/span>'<\/span>,<\/span>\r\n    }<\/span>\r\n}<\/span>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\nTIME_ZONE<\/span> =<\/span> '<\/span>UTC<\/span>'<\/span>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\nINSTALLED_APPS<\/span> =<\/span> [<\/span>\r\n    '<\/span>django.contrib.admin<\/span>'<\/span>,<\/span>\r\n    '<\/span>django.contrib.auth<\/span>'<\/span>,<\/span>\r\n    '<\/span>django.contrib.contenttypes<\/span>'<\/span>,<\/span>\r\n    '<\/span>django.contrib.sessions<\/span>'<\/span>,<\/span>\r\n    '<\/span>django.contrib.messages<\/span>'<\/span>,<\/span>\r\n    '<\/span>django.contrib.staticfiles<\/span>'<\/span>,<\/span>\r\n]<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u9700\u8981\u81f3\u5c11\u4e00\u4e2a\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u8868\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u5728\u5f00\u59cb\u4f7f\u7528\u4e4b\u524d\u9700\u8981\u5728\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u4e2d\u521b\u5efa\u8868\u683c\u3002<\/p>\n
\u786e\u8ba4\u8bbe\u7f6e\u540e\uff0c\u8fd4\u56de\u4e00\u4e2a\u76ee\u5f55\u5e76\u521b\u5efa\u6240\u9700\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u8868\u3002<\/p>\n
$ python manage.py migrate\r\n\r\nRunning migrations:\r\n  Applying contenttypes.0001_initial... OK\r\n  Applying auth.0001_initial... OK\r\n  Applying admin.0001_initial... OK\r\n  Applying admin.0002_logentry_remove_auto_add... OK\r\n  Applying admin.0003_logentry_add_action_flag_choices... OK\r\n  Applying contenttypes.0002_remove_content_type_name... OK\r\n  Applying auth.0002_alter_permission_name_max_length... OK\r\n  Applying auth.0003_alter_user_email_max_length... OK\r\n  Applying auth.0004_alter_user_username_opts... OK\r\n  Applying auth.0005_alter_user_last_login_null... OK\r\n  Applying auth.0006_require_contenttypes_0002... OK\r\n  Applying auth.0007_alter_validators_add_error_messages... OK\r\n  Applying auth.0008_alter_user_username_max_length... OK\r\n  Applying auth.0009_alter_user_last_name_max_length... OK\r\n  Applying auth.0010_alter_group_name_max_length... OK\r\n  Applying auth.0011_update_proxy_permissions... OK\r\n  Applying auth.0012_alter_user_first_name_max_length... OK\r\n  Applying sessions.0001_initial... OK\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u786e\u8ba4\u8fc1\u79fb\u5de5\u4f5c\u5df2\u6210\u529f\u5b8c\u6210\u3002<\/p>\n
\u521b\u5efa\u6a21\u578b<\/h2>\n
\u63a5\u4e0b\u6765\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e00\u4e2a\u6a21\u578b\u3002<\/p>\n
\u6a21\u578b\u662f\u6307\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u7684\u5e03\u5c40\u4ee5\u53ca\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u5143\u6570\u636e\u3002<\/div>\n
\u5728\u5373\u5c06\u5f00\u53d1\u7684\u7b80\u5355\u6295\u7968\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u521b\u5efa\u4e24\u4e2a\u6a21\u578b\uff0c\u5206\u522b\u662f\u201c\u95ee\u9898\u201d\u548c\u201c\u9009\u62e9\u201d\u3002<\/p>\n
\u6211\u5011\u5c07\u7de8\u8f2fpolls\/models.py\u5982\u4e0b\u6240\u793a\u3002<\/p>\n
\r\nfrom<\/span> django.db<\/span> import<\/span> models<\/span>\r\n\r\n# Create your models here.\r\n<\/span>class<\/span> Question<\/span>(<\/span>models<\/span>.<\/span>Model<\/span>):<\/span>\r\n\tquestion_text<\/span> =<\/span> models<\/span>.<\/span>CharField<\/span>(<\/span>max_length<\/span>=<\/span>200<\/span>)<\/span>\r\n\tpub_date<\/span> =<\/span> models<\/span>.<\/span>DateTimeField<\/span>(<\/span>\"<\/span>date published<\/span>\"<\/span>)<\/span>\r\n\r\nclass<\/span> Choice<\/span>(<\/span>models<\/span>.<\/span>Model<\/span>):<\/span>\r\n\tquestion<\/span> =<\/span> models<\/span>.<\/span>ForeignKey<\/span>(<\/span>Question<\/span>,<\/span> on_delete<\/span>=<\/span>models<\/span>.<\/span>CASCADE<\/span>)<\/span>\r\n\tchoice_text<\/span> =<\/span> models<\/span>.<\/span>CharField<\/span>(<\/span>max_length<\/span>=<\/span>200<\/span>)<\/span>\r\n\tvotes<\/span> =<\/span> models<\/span>.<\/span>IntegerField<\/span>(<\/span>default<\/span>=<\/span>0<\/span>)<\/span>\r\n\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u542f\u7528\u6a21\u578b<\/h2>\n
\u53ea\u9700\u8981\u6309\u7167\u4e0a\u8ff0\u63d0\u5230\u7684\u4e00\u5c0f\u6bb5\u4ee3\u7801\uff0c\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u521b\u5efa\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u6a21\u5f0f\uff08CREATE TABLE\u8bed\u53e5\uff09\u3002
\n\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u521b\u5efa\u7528\u4e8e\u4ecePython\u8bbf\u95eeQuestion\u548cChoice\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5e93API\u3002<\/p>\n
\u4f46\u662f\uff0c\u5728\u6b64\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u60a8\u9700\u8981\u544a\u8bc9\u9879\u76ee\u4e2d\u5b89\u88c5\u4e86Polls\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u3002<\/p>\n
\u8981\u5c06\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5305\u542b\u5728\u9879\u76ee\u4e2d, \u9700\u8981\u5c06\u914d\u7f6e\u7c7b\u7684\u5f15\u7528\u6dfb\u52a0\u5230INSTALLED_APPS\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e2d\u3002<\/p>\n
\u7f16\u8f91 mysite\/settings.py \u6587\u4ef6\uff0c
\n\u5728 INSTALLED_APPS \u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e2d\u6dfb\u52a0\u4e00\u884c\u5bf9 polls\/apps.py \u4e2d\u7684 PollsConfig \u7684\u8def\u5f84\u3002
\n\uff08\u522b\u5fd8\u4e86\u5728\u672b\u5c3e\u52a0\u4e0a\u9017\u53f7\uff09
\n\u8fd9\u6837\u5c31\u4f1a\u53d8\u6210\u4ee5\u4e0b\u8fd9\u6837\u3002<\/p>\n
\r\n# Application definition\r\n<\/span>\r\nINSTALLED_APPS<\/span> =<\/span> [<\/span>\r\n    '<\/span>polls.apps.PollsConfig<\/span>'<\/span>,<\/span>\r\n    '<\/span>django.contrib.admin<\/span>'<\/span>,<\/span>\r\n    '<\/span>django.contrib.auth<\/span>'<\/span>,<\/span>\r\n    '<\/span>django.contrib.contenttypes<\/span>'<\/span>,<\/span>\r\n    '<\/span>django.contrib.sessions<\/span>'<\/span>,<\/span>\r\n    '<\/span>django.contrib.messages<\/span>'<\/span>,<\/span>\r\n    '<\/span>django.contrib.staticfiles<\/span>'<\/span>,<\/span>\r\n]<\/span>\r\n\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u8fd9\u6837\u4e00\u6765\uff0cDjango \u5c31\u80fd\u591f\u8bc6\u522b polls \u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u5b58\u5728\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n
\u6211\u5df2\u7ecf\u51c6\u5907\u597d\u4e86\u8fdb\u884c\u8fc1\u79fb\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n
\u9996\u5148\uff0c\u6267\u884cmakemigrations\u547d\u4ee4\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u547d\u4ee4\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728Django\u4e2d\u4fdd\u5b58\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u66f4\u6539\u6216\u521b\u5efa\u65b0\u7684\u6a21\u578b\u65f6\u4ee5\u8fc1\u79fb\u7684\u5f62\u5f0f\u5b58\u50a8\u3002<\/p>\n
$ python manage.py makemigrations polls\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u6210\u529f\u540e\u5c06\u663e\u793a\u4ee5\u4e0b\u5185\u5bb9<\/p>\n
Migrations for 'polls':\r\n  polls\\migrations\\0001_initial.py\r\n    - Create model Question\r\n    - Create model Choice\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u6267\u884c\u8fc1\u79fb\u547d\u4ee4\uff0c\u5728\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u4e2d\u521b\u5efa\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u8868\u683c\u3002<\/p>\n
$ python manage.py migrate\r\n\r\nOperations to perform:\r\n  Apply all migrations: admin, auth, contenttypes, polls, sessions\r\nRunning migrations:\r\n  Applying polls.0001_initial... OK\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u8fd9\u6837\u4e00\u6765\uff0c\u8fc1\u79fb\u5c31\u5b8c\u6210\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n
\u4f7f\u7528Django\u7684\u8fc1\u79fb\u529f\u80fd\u65f6\uff0c
\n\u5728\u66f4\u6539\u6a21\u578b\u65f6
\n\u65e0\u9700\u5220\u9664\u5e76\u91cd\u65b0\u521b\u5efa\u8868\u3002<\/p>\n
\u53ef\u4ee5\u76f4\u63a5\u5347\u7ea7\u6a21\u578b\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u6539\u53d8\u73b0\u6709\u7684\u6570\u636e\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u7684\u8bbe\u7f6e \u8bbe\u7acb\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u5e76\u521b\u5efa\u521d\u7248\u6a21\u578b\u3002 \u7531\u4e8e\u8fd9\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u6d4b\u8bd5\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u4f7f\u7528SQLite3\u3002 \u4ee5\u4e0b\u5c06\u4fdd\u6301\u9ed8\u8ba4 […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-49190","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-uncategorized"],"yoast_head":"\nDjango\u5b66\u4e60\u7b2c\u4e09\u90e8\u5206\uff08\u4ece\u521b\u5efa\u6a21\u578b\u5230\u542f\u7528\uff09 - Blog - Silicon Cloud<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.silicloud.com\/zh\/blog\/django\u5b66\u4e60\u7b2c\u4e09\u90e8\u5206\uff08\u4ece\u521b\u5efa\u6a21\u578b\u5230\u542f\u7528\uff09\u3002\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"zh_CN\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Django\u5b66\u4e60\u7b2c\u4e09\u90e8\u5206\uff08\u4ece\u521b\u5efa\u6a21\u578b\u5230\u542f\u7528\uff09\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u7684\u8bbe\u7f6e \u8bbe\u7acb\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u5e76\u521b\u5efa\u521d\u7248\u6a21\u578b\u3002 \u7531\u4e8e\u8fd9\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u6d4b\u8bd5\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u4f7f\u7528SQLite3\u3002 \u4ee5\u4e0b\u5c06\u4fdd\u6301\u9ed8\u8ba4 […]\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/www.silicloud.com\/zh\/blog\/django\u5b66\u4e60\u7b2c\u4e09\u90e8\u5206\uff08\u4ece\u521b\u5efa\u6a21\u578b\u5230\u542f\u7528\uff09\u3002\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Blog - 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