{"id":47850,"date":"2023-12-06T12:44:23","date_gmt":"2023-01-25T23:19:59","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.silicloud.com\/zh\/blog\/elm%e5%92%8cgraphql%e7%9a%84%e7%9b%b8%e8%af%86-%e5%86%8d%e8%a7%81json%e8%a7%a3%e7%a0%81%e5%99%a8%ef%bc%81\/"},"modified":"2024-05-04T12:22:57","modified_gmt":"2024-05-04T04:22:57","slug":"elm%e5%92%8cgraphql%e7%9a%84%e7%9b%b8%e8%af%86-%e5%86%8d%e8%a7%81json%e8%a7%a3%e7%a0%81%e5%99%a8%ef%bc%81","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.silicloud.com\/zh\/blog\/elm%e5%92%8cgraphql%e7%9a%84%e7%9b%b8%e8%af%86-%e5%86%8d%e8%a7%81json%e8%a7%a3%e7%a0%81%e5%99%a8%ef%bc%81\/","title":{"rendered":"Elm\u548cGraphQL\u7684\u76f8\u8bc6- \u518d\u89c1Json\u89e3\u7801\u5668\uff01"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u9996\u5148<\/h2>\n

\u53bb\u5e74\uff0cGitHub\u53d1\u5e03\u4e86GraphQL\u7684API\uff0c\u5f15\u8d77\u4e86\u5e7f\u6cdb\u8ba8\u8bba\u3002\u5173\u4e8eGraphQL\u7684\u8be6\u7ec6\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u8bf7\u53c2\u9605\u8fd9\u7bc7\u6587\u7ae0\u3002\u6700\u8fd1\uff0c\u4f5c\u4e3aBaaS\uff08\u540e\u7aef\u5373\u670d\u52a1\uff09\u7684GraphQL\u670d\u52a1\u5668\uff08Scaphold\u3001Hasura\u3001AWS Appsync\u7b49\uff09\u4e5f\u8d8a\u6765\u8d8a\u591a\u5730\u88ab\u4f7f\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5728JavaScript\u4e2d\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u5e7f\u6cdb\u7684\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u5e93\u662fRelay\u548cApollo\u3002\u636e\u8bf4\u5b83\u4eec\u5728\u5927\u578b\u9879\u76ee\u4e2d\u4e5f\u6709\u5f88\u591a\u5e94\u7528\u6848\u4f8b\u3002\u6211\u8ba4\u4e3a\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7Elm\u7684Ports\u529f\u80fd\u6765\u4f7f\u7528\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5e93\uff0c\u4f46\u5982\u679c\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u7f13\u5b58\u3001\u79bb\u7ebf\u652f\u6301\u3001\u8ba2\u9605\u540c\u6b65\u6216\u5176\u4ed6\u9ad8\u7ea7\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u5f52\u6839\u7ed3\u5e95\u53ea\u662f\u7528\u6765\u4ea4\u6362JSON\u6570\u636e\u7684\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u76f4\u63a5\u901a\u8fc7Elm\u4e2d\u7684Http\u6a21\u5757\u8c03\u7528GraphQL\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u6765\u4f7f\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4ece Elm \u4ee3\u7801\u4e2d\uff0c\u5c06\u53d8\u91cf\u5d4c\u5165\u5230\u4ee5\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u5f62\u5f0f\u7f16\u5199\u7684 GraphQL \u67e5\u8be2\u4e2d\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u5c06\u5176\u7f16\u7801\u4e3a JSON \u683c\u5f0f\u5e76\u53d1\u9001\u5230 GraphQL \u670d\u52a1\u5668\u3002<\/p>\n

{<\/span>\"operationName\"<\/span>:<\/span>null<\/span>,<\/span>\"variables\"<\/span>:{},<\/span>\"query\"<\/span>:<\/span>\"{<\/span>\\n<\/span>  country(code: <\/span>\\\"<\/span>JP<\/span>\\\"<\/span>) {<\/span>\\n<\/span>    code<\/span>\\n<\/span>    name<\/span>\\n<\/span>  }<\/span>\\n<\/span>}<\/span>\\n<\/span>\"<\/span>}<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u5c06\u4e0b\u9762\u8fd9\u79cd\u4ee5JSON\u683c\u5f0f\u8fd4\u56de\u7684\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u89e3\u7801\u4e3aElm\u7c7b\u578b\u3002<\/p>\n
{<\/span>\"data\"<\/span>:{<\/span>\"country\"<\/span>:{<\/span>\"code\"<\/span>:<\/span>\"JP\"<\/span>,<\/span>\"name\"<\/span>:<\/span>\"Japan\"<\/span>}}}<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u9057\u61be\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u6ca1\u6709\u5145\u5206\u5229\u7528Elm\u548cGraphQL\u5404\u81ea\u7684\u7c7b\u578b\u68c0\u67e5\u529f\u80fd\u3002\u800c\u4e14\uff0c\u5f53\u89c4\u6a21\u53d8\u5927\u5e76\u53d8\u5f97\u590d\u6742\u65f6\uff0c\u5f88\u5bb9\u6613\u60f3\u8c61\u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u4f1a\u51fa\u73b0\u95ee\u9898\u3002<\/p>\n
GraphQL\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u548c\u67b6\u6784<\/h2>\n
\u8fd9\u6b21\u6211\u4eec\u4ee5\u4e00\u4e2a\u5f00\u653e\u6e90\u4ee3\u7801\u7684\u7b80\u5355\u7684GraphQL API\u670d\u52a1\u5668\uff08Graphiql\u63a7\u5236\u53f0\u548c\u4ed3\u5e93\uff09\u4e3a\u4f8b\u3002\u4e0b\u9762\u662f\u5176\u5b9a\u4e49\u7684\u6a21\u5f0f\u5185\u5bb9\u3002<\/p>\n
type Continent {\r\n  code: String\r\n  name: String\r\n}\r\n\r\ntype Country {\r\n  code: String\r\n  name: String\r\n  native: String\r\n  phone: String\r\n  continent: Continent\r\n  currency: String\r\n  languages: [Language]\r\n  emoji: String\r\n  emojiU: String\r\n}\r\n\r\ntype Language {\r\n  code: String\r\n  name: String\r\n  native: String\r\n  rtl: Int\r\n}\r\n\r\ntype Query {\r\n  continents: [Continent]\r\n  continent(code: String): Continent\r\n  countries: [Country]\r\n  country(code: String): Country\r\n  languages: [Language]\r\n  language(code: String): Language\r\n}\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u5728GraphQL\u4e2d\uff0c\u6839\u636e\u7c7b\u578b(type)\u5b9a\u4e49\u7684\u90e8\u5206\u88ab\u79f0\u4e3a\u5bf9\u8c61\u7c7b\u578b(object type)\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u62e5\u6709\u591a\u4e2a\u5b57\u6bb5\u3002\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5b57\u6bb5\u90fd\u6709\u76f8\u5e94\u7684\u8fd4\u56de\u7c7b\u578b\u8fdb\u884c\u5b9a\u4e49\u3002\u8bf7\u67e5\u770b\u8be6\u7ec6\u4fe1\u606f\u3002\u6709\u70b9\u7c7b\u4f3c\u4e8eElm\u7684\u7c7b\u578b\u5b9a\u4e49\u3002\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u4ee5\u4e0b\u65b9\u5f0f\u5c06\u5176\u5168\u90e8\u5199\u6210\u8bb0\u5f55\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u522b\u540d\u3002<\/p>\n
type<\/span> alias<\/span> Continent<\/span> =<\/span>\r\n    {<\/span> code<\/span> :<\/span> Maybe<\/span> String<\/span>\r\n    ,<\/span> name<\/span> :<\/span> Maybe<\/span> String<\/span>\r\n    }<\/span>\r\n\r\n\r\ntype<\/span> alias<\/span> Country<\/span> =<\/span>\r\n    {<\/span> code<\/span> :<\/span> Maybe<\/span> String<\/span>\r\n    ,<\/span> name<\/span> :<\/span> Maybe<\/span> String<\/span>\r\n    ,<\/span> native<\/span> :<\/span> Maybe<\/span> String<\/span>\r\n    ,<\/span> phone<\/span> :<\/span> Maybe<\/span> String<\/span>\r\n    ,<\/span> continent<\/span> :<\/span> Maybe<\/span> Continent<\/span>\r\n    ,<\/span> currency<\/span> :<\/span> Maybe<\/span> String<\/span>\r\n    ,<\/span> languages<\/span> :<\/span> Maybe<\/span> (<\/span>List<\/span> (<\/span>Maybe<\/span> Language<\/span>))<\/span>\r\n    ,<\/span> emoji<\/span> :<\/span> Maybe<\/span> String<\/span>\r\n    ,<\/span> emojiU<\/span> :<\/span> Maybe<\/span> String<\/span>\r\n    }<\/span>\r\n\r\n\r\ntype<\/span> alias<\/span> Language<\/span> =<\/span>\r\n    {<\/span> code<\/span> :<\/span> Maybe<\/span> String<\/span>\r\n    ,<\/span> name<\/span> :<\/span> Maybe<\/span> String<\/span>\r\n    ,<\/span> native<\/span> :<\/span> Maybe<\/span> String<\/span>\r\n    ,<\/span> rtl<\/span> :<\/span> Maybe<\/span> Int<\/span>\r\n    }<\/span>\r\n\r\n{-- \u5b9f\u969b\u306b\u306f\u3053\u306e\u90e8\u5206\u306fElm\u306e\u30ec\u30b3\u30fc\u30c9\u578b\u3068\u3057\u3066\u306f\u4f7f\u3044\u307e\u305b\u3093\r\ntype alias Query =\r\n    { continents: Maybe (List (Maybe Continent))\r\n    , continent: Maybe String -> Maybe Continent\r\n    , countries: Maybe (List (Maybe Country))\r\n    , country: Maybe String -> Maybe Country\r\n    , languages: Maybe (List (Maybe Language))\r\n    , language: String -> Maybe Language\r\n    }\r\n--}<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u55ef…\u6216\u8bb8\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\u5f88\u5927…\u8fd9\u662f\u7531\u4e8e\u5148\u524d\u7684GraphQL\u6a21\u5f0f\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e86\u6240\u6709\u5b57\u6bb5\u90fd\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e3anull\u3002\u672c\u6765\u5e94\u8be5\u5728\u6a21\u5f0f\u4e0a\u65bd\u52a0\u66f4\u591a\u7684\u9650\u5236\uff0c\u4f46\u5982\u679c\u65e0\u6cd5\u66f4\u6539\u6a21\u5f0f\uff0c\u53ea\u80fd\u63a5\u53d7\u5b83\u3002<\/p><\/blockquote>\n
\"Screen<\/div>\n
\u5728@dillonkearns\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e2d\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u5f15\u5165\u5916\u90e8\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5229\u7528GraphQL\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u5185\u7701\u529f\u80fd\u6765\u89e3\u6790GraphQL\u6a21\u5f0f\uff0c\u5e76\u81ea\u52a8\u4e3aElm\u751f\u6210\u4ee3\u7801\u3002\u751f\u6210\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u4e3b\u8981\u7531\u7528\u4e8e\u89e3\u7801GraphQL\u5bf9\u8c61\u53ca\u5176\u5b57\u6bb5\u7684\u51fd\u6570\u7ec4\u6210\u3002\u8fd9\u4fdd\u8bc1\u4e86\u7f16\u5199\u7c7b\u578b\u5b89\u5168\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u3002<\/p>\n
\u51c6\u5907\u73af\u5883<\/h3>\n
\u6211\u4e4b\u524d\u5df2\u7ecf\u51c6\u5907\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u5c06parcel-bundler\u548cElm\u7ed3\u5408\u5728\u4e00\u8d77\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u7684\u6837\u677f\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u90a3\u4e2a\u3002\u9996\u5148\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7npm\u5b89\u88c5\u4e00\u4e2a\u53ef\u4ee5\u751f\u6210Elm\u4ee3\u7801\u7684\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u8be5\u5de5\u5177\u53ef\u4ee5\u4eceGraphQL\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u751f\u6210Elm\u4ee3\u7801\u3002\u7136\u540e\uff0c\u60a8\u8fd8\u9700\u8981\u5b89\u88c5\u6240\u9700\u7684Elm\u5305\u3002<\/p>\n
git clone git@github.com:kyasu1\/elm-parcel-boilerplate.git\r\ncd <\/span>elm-parcel-boilerplate\r\nnpm install<\/span> --save-dev<\/span> @dillonkearns\/elm-graphql\r\nelm install <\/span>dillonkearns\/elm-graphql\r\nelm install <\/span>elm\/json\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u4ece\u67b6\u6784\u751f\u6210Elm\u4ee3\u7801<\/h3>\n
npx elm-graphql https:\/\/countries.trevorblades.com\/ --base<\/span> Country --output<\/span> src\/elm\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\"Screen<\/div>\n
\u7531\u4e8e\u672c\u6b21\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u67b6\u6784\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u4ec5\u9700\u8981\u4f7f\u7528\u4ee5\u4e0b\u6587\u4ef6\uff1a<\/p>\n
Country\/Query.elm\u306f\u30b9\u30ad\u30fc\u30de\u4e2d\u306etype Query\u3067\u5b9a\u7fa9\u3055\u308c\u305f\u30d5\u30a3\u30fc\u30eb\u30c9\u3092\u30c7\u30b3\u30fc\u30c9\u3059\u308b\u95a2\u6570\u306e\u96c6\u307e\u308a<\/p>\n
Country\/Object.elm\u306f\u30b9\u30ad\u30fc\u30de\u4e2d\u3067\u5b9a\u7fa9\u3055\u308c\u305f\u30aa\u30d6\u30b8\u30a7\u30af\u30c8\u3092Elm\u4e0a\u3067\u306e\u8868\u73fe\u3059\u308b\u305f\u3081\u306e\u30ab\u30b9\u30bf\u30e0\u578b\u306e\u96c6\u307e\u308a<\/p>\n
Country\/Object\/Continent.elm\u306f\u30b9\u30ad\u30fc\u30de\u4e2d\u306etype Continent\u3067\u5b9a\u7fa9\u3055\u308c\u305f\u30d5\u30a3\u30fc\u30eb\u30c9\u3092\u30c7\u30b3\u30fc\u30c9\u3059\u308b\u95a2\u6570\u306e\u96c6\u307e\u308a<\/p>\n
Country\/Object\/Country.elm\u306f\u30b9\u30ad\u30fc\u30de\u4e2d\u306etype Coutnry\u3067\u5b9a\u7fa9\u3055\u308c\u305f\u30d5\u30a3\u30fc\u30eb\u30c9\u3092\u30c7\u30b3\u30fc\u30c9\u3059\u308b\u95a2\u6570\u306e\u96c6\u307e\u308a<\/p>\n
Country\/Object\/Language.elm\u306f\u30b9\u30ad\u30fc\u30de\u4e2d\u306etype Language\u3067\u5b9a\u7fa9\u3055\u308c\u305f\u30d5\u30a3\u30fc\u30eb\u30c9\u3092\u30c7\u30b3\u30fc\u30c9\u3059\u308b\u95a2\u6570\u306e\u96c6\u307e\u308a<\/p>\n
\u5c1d\u8bd5\u7f16\u5199Elm\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f<\/h2>\n
\u9996\u5148\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u5bfc\u5165\u5fc5\u8981\u7684\u6a21\u5757\u3002<\/p>\n
import<\/span> Country<\/span>.<\/span>Object<\/span>\r\nimport<\/span> Country<\/span>.<\/span>Object<\/span>.<\/span>Continent<\/span> as<\/span> Continent<\/span>\r\nimport<\/span> Country<\/span>.<\/span>Object<\/span>.<\/span>Country<\/span> as<\/span> Country<\/span>\r\nimport<\/span> Country<\/span>.<\/span>Object<\/span>.<\/span>Language<\/span> as<\/span> Language<\/span>\r\nimport<\/span> Country<\/span>.<\/span>Query<\/span> as<\/span> Query<\/span>\r\nimport<\/span> Graphql<\/span>.<\/span>Http<\/span>\r\nimport<\/span> Graphql<\/span>.<\/span>Operation<\/span> exposing<\/span> (<\/span>RootQuery<\/span>)<\/span>\r\nimport<\/span> Graphql<\/span>.<\/span>OptionalArgument<\/span> exposing<\/span> (<\/span>OptionalArgument<\/span>(<\/span>..<\/span>))<\/span>\r\nimport<\/span> Graphql<\/span>.<\/span>SelectionSet<\/span> exposing<\/span> (<\/span>SelectionSet<\/span>,<\/span> succeed<\/span>,<\/span> with<\/span>)<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
Graphql\u5f00\u5934\u7684\u6a21\u5757\u4e2d\u5305\u542b\u4e86\u7528\u4e8e\u6784\u5efa\u548c\u53d1\u9001\u67e5\u8be2\u7684\u8f85\u52a9\u51fd\u6570\u3002<\/p>\n
\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u67e5\u8be2<\/h3>\n
\u5f53\u67e5\u770b\u5148\u524d\u7684\u6a21\u5f0f\u65f6\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u5230\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u540d\u4e3acountry\u7684\u67e5\u8be2\uff0c\u5b83\u4ee5code\u4f5c\u4e3a\u53c2\u6570\u5e76\u8fd4\u56deCountry\u4f5c\u4e3a\u8fd4\u56de\u503c\u3002\u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u6307\u5b9a\u56fd\u5bb6\u4ee3\u7801\u6765\u83b7\u53d6\u8be5\u56fd\u5bb6\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u3002<\/p>\n
query {\r\n\u3000\u3000\u3000\u3000....\r\n  country(code: String): Country\r\n  ....\r\n}\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u4f5c\u4e3a\u7ed3\u679c\uff0cCountry\u5bf9\u8c61\u4e2d\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e86\u8bb8\u591a\u5b57\u6bb5\uff0c\u4f46\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u5728Elm\u4e2d\u6784\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u67e5\u8be2\uff08SelectionSet\uff09\uff0c\u4ec5\u83b7\u53d6\u5176\u4e2d\u7684code\u548cname\u5b57\u6bb5\u3002<\/p>\n
\u7528GraphQL\u67e5\u8be2\u7684\u8bdd\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u8fd9\u6837\u5199\u3002<\/p>\n
query {\r\n  country(code: \"JP\") {\r\n    code\r\n    name\r\n  }\r\n}\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u4f9d\u636e\u6211\u7684\u7406\u89e3\uff0cSelectionSet \u5728 GraphQL \u67e5\u8be2\u4e2d\u6307\u7684\u662f\u4e00\u7ec4\u5b57\u6bb5\u3002\u67e5\u8be2\u5bf9\u8c61\uff08query object\uff09\u5305\u542b\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u7531 country \u5b57\u6bb5\u7ec4\u6210\u7684 SelectionSet\u3002\u800c country \u5bf9\u8c61\u53c8\u5305\u542b\u4e86\u7531 code \u548c name \u4e24\u4e2a\u5b57\u6bb5\u7ec4\u6210\u7684 SelectionSet\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u6cbf\u7740\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5c42\u6b21\u9010\u6b65\u89e3\u6790\u548c\u6784\u5efa SelectionSet\u3002<\/p>\n
\u9996\u5148\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u5b9a\u4e49\u6700\u7ec8\u60f3\u8981\u7684Elm\u7c7b\u578b\u3002\u7531\u4e8e\u4e4b\u524d\u7684\u6a21\u5f0f\u53ef\u80fd\u8fd4\u56denull\u503c\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u5728\u6240\u6709\u5b57\u6bb5\u4e0a\u6dfb\u52a0Maybe\u3002<\/p>\n
type<\/span> alias<\/span> Response<\/span> =<\/span>\r\n    {<\/span> countryRowMaybe<\/span> :<\/span> Maybe<\/span> CountryRow<\/span>\r\n    }<\/span>\r\n\r\n\r\ntype<\/span> alias<\/span> CountryRow<\/span> =<\/span>\r\n    {<\/span> code<\/span> :<\/span> Maybe<\/span> String<\/span>\r\n    ,<\/span> name<\/span> :<\/span> Maybe<\/span> String<\/span>\r\n    }<\/span>\r\n\r\n\r\nquery<\/span> :<\/span> String<\/span> -><\/span> SelectionSet<\/span> Response<\/span> RootQuery<\/span>\r\nquery<\/span> code<\/span> =<\/span>\r\n    succeed<\/span> Response<\/span>\r\n        |><\/span> with<\/span> (<\/span>Query<\/span>.<\/span>country<\/span> (<\/span>\\<\/span>arg<\/span> -><\/span> {<\/span> arg<\/span> |<\/span> code<\/span> =<\/span> Present<\/span> code<\/span> })<\/span> countrySelection<\/span>)<\/span>\r\n\r\n\r\ncountrySelection<\/span> :<\/span> SelectionSet<\/span> CountryRow<\/span> Country<\/span>.<\/span>Object<\/span>.<\/span>Country<\/span>\r\ncountrySelection<\/span> =<\/span>\r\n    succeed<\/span> CountryRow<\/span>\r\n        |><\/span> with<\/span> Country<\/span>.<\/span>code<\/span>\r\n        |><\/span> with<\/span> Country<\/span>.<\/span>name<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u6211\u597d\u50cf\u5728\u54ea\u91cc\u770b\u8fc7\u8fd9\u4e2a\u3002\u6ca1\u9519\uff0c\u5b83\u548cNoRedInk\/elm-json-decode-pipeline\u7684\u8bed\u6cd5\u4e00\u6837\u30021<\/p>\n
RootQuery\u8868\u793aGraphQL\u6a21\u5f0f\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e2d\u7684type query {}\u5bf9\u8c61\uff0c\u4ee5\u4e0b\u7684with\u6307\u793a\u83b7\u53d6\u5e76\u89e3\u7801\u6240\u9700\u5b57\u6bb5\uff0c\u5e76\u6700\u7ec8\u4ee5Response\u7c7b\u578b\u8fd4\u56de\u3002\u540c\u6837\uff0cCountry.Object.Country\u8868\u793atype Country {}\u5bf9\u8c61\uff0c\u5728\u4ee5\u4e0b\u7684with\u6307\u793a\u4e2d\u53ea\u83b7\u53d6\u5e76\u89e3\u7801\u6240\u9700\u5b57\u6bb5\uff0c\u5e76\u6700\u7ec8\u4ee5CountryRow\u7c7b\u578b\u8fd4\u56de\u3002<\/p>\n
Query.country\u8fd9\u4e2a\u67e5\u8be2\u63a5\u53d7\u4e00\u4e2a\u53c2\u6570\u6765\u6307\u5b9a\u56fd\u5bb6\u4ee3\u7801\uff0c\u4f46\u5728GraphQL\u6a21\u5f0f\u4e2d\u5374\u88ab\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e3a\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e3anull\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u9700\u8981\u7528(\\arg -> { arg | code = Present code })\u8fd9\u79cd\u5f62\u5f0f\u4f20\u9012\u53c2\u6570\u3002\u5982\u679c\u4f20\u9012identity\u53c2\u6570\uff0c\u5c06\u88ab\u8ba4\u4e3a\u6307\u5b9a\u4e86null\u53c2\u6570\u3002<\/p>\n
\u5f53\u5b9e\u9645\u5c06\u8fd9\u4e2a\u67e5\u8be2\u53d1\u9001\u5230\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u65f6\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u4f7f\u7528GraphQL.Http\u3002<\/p>\n
execQuery<\/span> :<\/span> Cmd<\/span> Msg<\/span>\r\nexecQuery<\/span> =<\/span>\r\n    query<\/span> \"<\/span>JP\"<\/span>\r\n        |><\/span> Graphql<\/span>.<\/span>Http<\/span>.<\/span>queryRequest<\/span> \"<\/span>https:\/\/countries.trevorblades.com\/\"<\/span>\r\n        |><\/span> Graphql<\/span>.<\/span>Http<\/span>.<\/span>send<\/span> GotRespponse<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u6709\u70b9\u590d\u6742\u7684\u67e5\u8be2<\/h3>\n
\u5728GraphQL\u4e2d\uff0c\u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e00\u6b21\u83b7\u53d6\u591a\u4e2a\u5bf9\u8c61\u6216\u76f8\u5173\u5bf9\u8c61\u3002<\/p>\n
query {\r\n  continents {\r\n    code\r\n    name\r\n  }\r\n  countries {\r\n    country {\r\n    code\r\n    name\r\n    native\r\n    phone\r\n    continent {\r\n      code\r\n      name\r\n    }\r\n    currency\r\n    languages {\r\n      code\r\n      name\r\n      native\r\n      rtl\r\n    }\r\n    emoji\r\n    emojiU\r\n  }\r\n}\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u67e5\u8be2\u4e2d\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u83b7\u53d6\u5927\u9646\u548c\u56fd\u5bb6\u7684\u5217\u8868\u3002\u6784\u5efa\u7528\u4e8e\u53d1\u51fa\u8fd9\u4e2a\u67e5\u8be2\u7684SelectionSet\u4f1a\u5982\u4e0b\u6240\u793a\u3002<\/p>\n
type<\/span> alias<\/span> Response<\/span> =<\/span>\r\n    {<\/span> continents<\/span> :<\/span> List<\/span> Continent<\/span>\r\n    ,<\/span> countries<\/span> :<\/span> List<\/span> Country<\/span>\r\n    }<\/span>\r\n\r\nquery<\/span> :<\/span> SelectionSet<\/span> Response<\/span> RootQuery<\/span>\r\nquery<\/span> =<\/span>\r\n    succeed<\/span> Response<\/span>\r\n        |><\/span> with<\/span>\r\n            (<\/span>Query<\/span>.<\/span>continents<\/span> continentSelection<\/span>\r\n                |><\/span> SelectionSet<\/span>.<\/span>nonNullOrFail<\/span>\r\n                |><\/span> SelectionSet<\/span>.<\/span>nonNullElementsOrFail<\/span>\r\n            )<\/span>\r\n        |><\/span> with<\/span>\r\n            (<\/span>Query<\/span>.<\/span>countries<\/span> countrySelection<\/span>\r\n                |><\/span> SelectionSet<\/span>.<\/span>nonNullOrFail<\/span>\r\n                |><\/span> SelectionSet<\/span>.<\/span>nonNullElementsOrFail<\/span>\r\n            )<\/span>\r\n\r\n\r\ncontinentSelection<\/span> :<\/span> SelectionSet<\/span> Continent<\/span> Country<\/span>.<\/span>Object<\/span>.<\/span>Continent<\/span>\r\ncontinentSelection<\/span> =<\/span>\r\n    succeed<\/span> Continent<\/span>\r\n        |><\/span> with<\/span> (<\/span>Continent<\/span>.<\/span>code<\/span> |><\/span> SelectionSet<\/span>.<\/span>nonNullOrFail<\/span>)<\/span>\r\n        |><\/span> with<\/span> (<\/span>Continent<\/span>.<\/span>name<\/span> |><\/span> SelectionSet<\/span>.<\/span>nonNullOrFail<\/span>)<\/span>\r\n\r\n\r\ncountrySelection<\/span> :<\/span> SelectionSet<\/span> Country<\/span> Country<\/span>.<\/span>Object<\/span>.<\/span>Country<\/span>\r\ncountrySelection<\/span> =<\/span>\r\n    succeed<\/span> Country<\/span>\r\n        |><\/span> with<\/span>\r\n            (<\/span>Country<\/span>.<\/span>code<\/span>\r\n                |><\/span> SelectionSet<\/span>.<\/span>nonNullOrFail<\/span>\r\n            )<\/span>\r\n        |><\/span> with<\/span>\r\n            (<\/span>Country<\/span>.<\/span>name<\/span>\r\n                |><\/span> SelectionSet<\/span>.<\/span>nonNullOrFail<\/span>\r\n            )<\/span>\r\n        |><\/span> with<\/span> Country<\/span>.<\/span>native<\/span>\r\n        |><\/span> with<\/span> Country<\/span>.<\/span>phone<\/span>\r\n        |><\/span> with<\/span>\r\n            (<\/span>Country<\/span>.<\/span>continent<\/span> continentSelection<\/span>\r\n                |><\/span> SelectionSet<\/span>.<\/span>nonNullOrFail<\/span>\r\n            )<\/span>\r\n        |><\/span> with<\/span> Country<\/span>.<\/span>currency<\/span>\r\n        |><\/span> with<\/span>\r\n            (<\/span>Country<\/span>.<\/span>languages<\/span> languageSelection<\/span>\r\n                |><\/span> SelectionSet<\/span>.<\/span>nonNullOrFail<\/span>\r\n                |><\/span> SelectionSet<\/span>.<\/span>nonNullElementsOrFail<\/span>\r\n            )<\/span>\r\n        |><\/span> with<\/span> Country<\/span>.<\/span>emoji<\/span>\r\n        |><\/span> with<\/span> (<\/span>Country<\/span>.<\/span>emoji<\/span> |><\/span> SelectionSet<\/span>.<\/span>withDefault<\/span> \"<\/span>\"<\/span>)<\/span>\r\n\r\n\r\nlanguageSelection<\/span> :<\/span> SelectionSet<\/span> Language<\/span> Country<\/span>.<\/span>Object<\/span>.<\/span>Language<\/span>\r\nlanguageSelection<\/span> =<\/span>\r\n    succeed<\/span> Language<\/span>\r\n        |><\/span> with<\/span>\r\n            (<\/span>Language<\/span>.<\/span>code<\/span>\r\n                |><\/span> SelectionSet<\/span>.<\/span>nonNullOrFail<\/span>\r\n            )<\/span>\r\n        |><\/span> with<\/span> Language<\/span>.<\/span>name<\/span>\r\n        |><\/span> with<\/span> Language<\/span>.<\/span>native<\/span>\r\n        |><\/span> with<\/span> Language<\/span>.<\/span>rtl<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5730\u65b9\uff0cSelectionSet.nonNullOrFail\u548cSelectionSet.nonNullElementsOrFail\u88ab\u6dfb\u52a0\u5230\u7ba1\u9053\u4e2d\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u5047\u8bbe\u4f20\u9012\u7ed9Elm\u65f6\uff0c\u5f3a\u5236\u5c06\u5141\u8bb8\u4e3anull\u7684\u5b57\u6bb5\u53d8\u4e3a\u4e0d\u4e3anull\u7684\u503c\u5e76\u4e14\u79fb\u9664\u4e86Maybe\u3002\u5982\u679c\u8fd4\u56denull\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u53d1\u751f\uff0c\u5c06\u4f1a\u5bfc\u81f4\u89e3\u7801\u9519\u8bef\u3002<\/p>\n
\u5982\u679c\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b57\u6bb5\u672c\u6765\u5c31\u4e0d\u4f1a\u4e3a\u7a7a\uff0c\u90a3\u5728\u8bbe\u8ba1\u6a21\u5f0f\u65f6\u5e94\u8be5\u5c06\u5176\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e3a\u975e\u7a7a\u5b57\u6bb5\u3002\u4f46\u5728\u516c\u5171\u6a21\u5f0f\u7b49\u65e0\u6cd5\u66f4\u6539\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u5192\u7740\u98ce\u9669\u4f7f\u7528\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u53ef\u80fd\u4e3a\u7a7a\u4e14\u5b58\u5728\u9ed8\u8ba4\u503c\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u6dfb\u52a0SelectionSet.withDefault\u5230\u7ba1\u9053\u6765\u5904\u7406\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0d\u4f1a\u5f15\u53d1\u9519\u8bef\u3002<\/p>\n
\u7531\u4e8e\u6211\u521b\u5efa\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u4f7f\u7528\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6a21\u5f0f\u7684\u7b80\u5355\u793a\u4f8b\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u8bf7\u53c2\u8003\u4e00\u4e0b\u3002<\/p>\n
\u52a8\u6001\u6f14\u793a\uff1ahttp:\/\/kyasu1.github.io\/
\n\u4ee3\u7801\u4ed3\u5e93\uff1ahttps:\/\/github.com\/kyasu1\/elm-graphql-example<\/p>\n
\u6700\u540e<\/h2>\n
    \n
  • \n
      JSON\u30c7\u30b3\u30fc\u30c0\u3092\u66f8\u3044\u3066\u3044\u304f\u4f5c\u696d\u3068SelectionSet\u306e\u69cb\u7bc9\u306f\u4f3c\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\uff08\u3068\u3044\u3046\u304b\u540c\u3058\u8a18\u6cd5\u306b\u306a\u308b\u3088\u3046\u306b\u5408\u308f\u305b\u3066\u3044\u308b\uff09\u3002\u524d\u8005\u3067\u306a\u3093\u3068\u306a\u304f\u30c7\u30b3\u30fc\u30c0\u3092\u66f8\u3044\u3066\u30b3\u30f3\u30d1\u30a4\u30eb\u304c\u901a\u3063\u3066\u3082\u3001\u30d5\u30a3\u30fc\u30eb\u30c9\u540d\u306b\u30bf\u30a4\u30dd\u304c\u3042\u3063\u305f\u308a\u3001\u81ea\u5206\u306e\u60f3\u5b9a\u5916\u306eJSON\u304c\u8fd4\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3068\u5b9f\u884c\u6642\u306b\u30c7\u30b3\u30fc\u30c9\u306b\u5931\u6557\u307e\u3059\u3002\u3053\u3046\u3044\u3063\u305f\u30a8\u30e9\u30fc\u306e\u539f\u56e0\u306e\u8ffd\u6c42\u306b\u306f\u7d50\u69cb\u6642\u9593\u304c\u53d6\u3089\u308c\u305f\u308a\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002\u4e00\u65b9\u3001\u5f8c\u8005\u3067\u306fElm\u306e\u578b\u30c1\u30a7\u30c3\u30af\u306b\u3088\u308a\u30b3\u30f3\u30d1\u30a4\u30eb\u6642\u306b\u30a8\u30e9\u30fc\u304c\u767a\u751f\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002\u9006\u306b\u30b3\u30f3\u30d1\u30a4\u30eb\u304c\u901a\u308c\u3070GraphQL\u30b9\u30ad\u30fc\u30de\u306b\u5bfe\u3057\u3066\u306f\u5b9f\u884c\u6642\u30a8\u30e9\u30fc\u304c\u767a\u751f\u3057\u306a\u3044\u3053\u3068\u3092\u4fdd\u8a3c\u3057\u3066\u304f\u308c\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
       <\/p>\n
        \n
      • \n
          \u5192\u982d\u306b\u3082\u66f8\u3044\u305f\u3088\u3046\u306b\u3001\u5f53\u521d\u306fGraphQL\u30af\u30a8\u30ea\u3092\u6587\u5b57\u5217\u3068\u3057\u3066\u66f8\u3044\u3066\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002\u30ec\u30b3\u30fc\u30c9\u306b\u542b\u307e\u308c\u308b\u30d5\u30a3\u30fc\u30eb\u30c9\u304c\u5fae\u5999\u306b\u7570\u306a\u308c\u3070\u3001JSON\u30c7\u30b3\u30fc\u30c0\u3082\u5225\u3005\u306b\u7528\u610f\u3059\u308b\u5fc5\u8981\u304c\u3042\u308a\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002\u30b9\u30ad\u30fc\u30de\u306b\u5909\u66f4\u304c\u3042\u308c\u3070\u305d\u306e\u90fd\u5ea6\u624b\u66f8\u304d\u3067\u5909\u66f4\u2026\u3068\u3066\u3082\u82e6\u75db\u3067\u3057\u305f\u3002\u3053\u306e\u8fba\u306e\u4f5c\u696d\u304c\u307b\u3068\u3093\u3069\u81ea\u52d5\u5316\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3057\u307e\u3046\u306e\u3067\u3068\u3066\u3082\u697d\u304c\u3067\u304d\u3066\u7d20\u6674\u3089\u3057\u3044\u3067\u3059\u3002<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
           <\/p>\n
            \n
          • \n
              \u7d39\u4ecb\u3057\u305f\u30d1\u30c3\u30b1\u30fc\u30b8\u306e\u4f7f\u3044\u65b9\u3092\u7406\u89e3\u3059\u308b\u306b\u306f\u3001Json.Decode\u306e\u4f7f\u3044\u65b9\u304c\u7406\u89e3\u3067\u304d\u3066\u3044\u308b\u306e\u304c\u524d\u63d0\u3067\u3059\u3002Json Decoder\u304c\u4e0d\u8981\u306b\u306a\u308b\u308f\u3051\u3067\u306f\u3042\u308a\u307e\u305b\u3093<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
              \u5076\u7136\u306b\u3082\u3061\u3087\u3063\u3068\u3060\u3051\u8ca2\u732e\u3057\u307e\u3057\u305f<\/p>\n
              \u5728\u5199\u8fd9\u7bc7\u6587\u7ae0\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u66f4\u65b0\u5e76\u6539\u53d8\u4e86\u8fd9\u79cd\u8bed\u6cd5\uff08https:\/\/github.com\/dillonkearns\/elm-graphql\/blob\/master\/CHANGELOG-ELM-PACKAGE.md#200—2018-12-02\uff09\u3002Json.Decode\u4e5f\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u540c\u6837\u4f7f\u7528mapN\u7684\u8bed\u6cd5\u3002\u540c\u65f6\uff0c\u4f3c\u4e4e\u8fd8\u5728\u8003\u8651\u66f4\u6613\u7406\u89e3\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\uff08https:\/\/discourse.elm-lang.org\/t\/optional-key-records-syntax-proposal\/2634\uff09\u3002<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
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