{"id":47680,"date":"2023-08-19T20:11:55","date_gmt":"2023-02-28T12:47:03","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.silicloud.com\/zh\/blog\/%e5%8d%b3%e4%bd%bf%e6%98%af%e4%b8%80%e4%b8%aa%e5%ae%8c%e5%85%a8%e4%b8%8d%e6%87%82%e6%8a%80%e6%9c%af%e7%9a%84%e4%ba%ba%e4%b9%9f%e5%8f%af%e4%bb%a5%e7%90%86%e8%a7%a3graphql%ef%bc%88apollo%ef%bc%8cgraphql\/"},"modified":"2024-04-30T19:15:32","modified_gmt":"2024-04-30T11:15:32","slug":"%e5%8d%b3%e4%bd%bf%e6%98%af%e4%b8%80%e4%b8%aa%e5%ae%8c%e5%85%a8%e4%b8%8d%e6%87%82%e6%8a%80%e6%9c%af%e7%9a%84%e4%ba%ba%e4%b9%9f%e5%8f%af%e4%bb%a5%e7%90%86%e8%a7%a3graphql%ef%bc%88apollo%ef%bc%8cgraphql","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.silicloud.com\/zh\/blog\/%e5%8d%b3%e4%bd%bf%e6%98%af%e4%b8%80%e4%b8%aa%e5%ae%8c%e5%85%a8%e4%b8%8d%e6%87%82%e6%8a%80%e6%9c%af%e7%9a%84%e4%ba%ba%e4%b9%9f%e5%8f%af%e4%bb%a5%e7%90%86%e8%a7%a3graphql%ef%bc%88apollo%ef%bc%8cgraphql\/","title":{"rendered":"\u5373\u4f7f\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b8c\u5168\u4e0d\u61c2\u6280\u672f\u7684\u4eba\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u7406\u89e3GraphQL\uff08Apollo\uff0cgraphql-rails\uff09\u7684\u77e5\u8bc60"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u52c9\u5f37\u8fc7\u7684\u7b14\u8bb0 gu\u00f2 de<\/h1>\n

\u5728REST\u4e2d\uff0c\u5bf9\u4e8e\u4e00\u4e2aAPI\u8bbf\u95ee\uff0c\u53ea\u80fd\u83b7\u53d6\u4e00\u79cd\u56fa\u5b9a\u5f62\u5f0f\u7684\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u4f7f\u7528GraphQL\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u6839\u636e\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u559c\u597d\u4ee5\u81ea\u5df1\u60f3\u8981\u7684\u7ec4\u5408\u65b9\u5f0f\u83b7\u53d6\u6570\u636e\u3002\u8981\u4f7f\u7528\u8fd9\u4e48\u65b9\u4fbf\u7684GraphQL\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728Nuxt.js\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528Apollo\uff0c\u5728rails\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528graphql rails\u5e93\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5c3d\u7ba1 GraphQL \u7684\u5b98\u65b9\u6587\u6863\u662f\u82f1\u6587\u7684\uff0c\u4f46\u5b83\u975e\u5e38\u6613\u61c2\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u9605\u8bfb\u6587\u6863\u53ef\u4ee5\u5927\u81f4\u7406\u89e3\u5176\u57fa\u672c\u6982\u5ff5\u3002<\/p>\n

\u524d\u7aef\uff08\u672c\u6b21\u4f7f\u7528Nuxt.js\uff09<\/h2>\n

\u5b89\u88c5\u90e8\u5206\u7701\u7565
\n\u5728nuxt.config.js\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u5199\u5165\u8bbe\u7f6e\u3002
\n\u5185\u5bb9\u662f\u8c03\u7528API\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e\u3002<\/p>\n

...,<\/span>\r\napollo<\/span>:<\/span> {<\/span>\r\n    clientConfigs<\/span>:<\/span> {<\/span>\r\n      httpEndpoint<\/span>:<\/span> `http:\/\/localhost:4000\/graphql`<\/span>\r\n    }<\/span>\r\n  },<\/span>\r\n...<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u67e5\u8be2<\/h3>\n
\u67e5\u8be2\u662f\u6307\u8bf7\u6c42\u6570\u636e\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\u3002
\n\u5728apollo\/queries\u76ee\u5f55\u4e0b\u7f16\u5199\u5404\u79cd\u67e5\u8be2\u3002
\n\u4f8b\u5982\uff0capollo\/queries\/item.gql\u3002<\/p>\n
# \u5f15\u6570\u306e\u5b9a\u7fa9\u3092\u66f8\u3044\u3066\u304a\u304f\r\nquery Item($id: Int!){\r\n  # \u5f15\u6570\u3092\u66f8\u304f\r\n  item(id: $id) {\r\n    #\u6b32\u3057\u3044\u30d5\u30a3\u30fc\u30eb\u30c9\u3092\u66f8\u3044\u3066\u3044\u304f\r\n    id\r\n    name\r\n    price\r\n    userId\r\n    imageUrl\r\n    explanation\r\n  }\r\n}\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u8bf7\u67e5\u770b\u76f8\u5173\u6587\u4ef6\u4ee5\u83b7\u5f97\u66f4\u8be6\u7ec6\u8d44\u6599\u3002<\/p>\n
\u53d8\u5f02<\/h3>\n
\u5f53\u8fdb\u884c\u6570\u636e\u4fee\u6539\u6216\u5220\u9664\u65f6\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528mutation\uff08\u53d8\u5f02\uff09\u3002
\n\u5c06mutation\u6587\u4ef6\u7f16\u5199\u5728apollo\/mutation\u4e0b\u3002
\n\u4f8b\u5982\uff0capollo\/mutation\/deletelike.gql\u3002<\/p>\n
mutation ($id: ID!){\r\n  deleteItem(input: {id: $id}){\r\n    Item {\r\n      id\r\n    }\r\n  }\r\n}\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u67e5\u8be2\u548c\u53d8\u5f02\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\u65b9\u5f0f<\/h3>\n
\u8003\u8651\u5728index.vue\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u4f8b\u5b50\u3002<\/p>\n
\u5728 script \u6807\u7b7e\u5185\uff0c\u4ece gql \u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u5bfc\u5165 query\/ mutation \u7684\u540d\u79f0\u3002<\/p>\n
\u6bd4\u5982\u8bf4\uff0c<\/p>\n
import Item from '~\/apollo\/querys\/item.gql'\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u6210\u4e3a\u8fd9\u6837\u3002<\/p>\n
\u5f53\u60f3\u8981\u76f4\u63a5\u4f7f\u7528\u4ece\u67e5\u8be2\u4e2d\u83b7\u53d6\u7684\u6570\u636e\u65f6\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528{{ item }}\u3002<\/h3>\n
\u5728export default\u4e2d<\/p>\n
data(){\r\n  ...\r\n},\r\napollo {\r\n  item: {\r\n    query: Item\r\n  }\r\n},\r\n...\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u63cf\u8ff0\u5982\u4e0b\u3002<\/p>\n
\u5f53\u9700\u8981\u5728\u65b9\u6cd5\u5185\u4f7f\u7528\u65f6<\/h3>\n
\u4f7f\u7528deleteItem\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0c<\/p>\n
method(){\r\n  ...,\r\n  hoge(){\r\n    this.$apollo.mutate({\r\n      mutation: deleteItem,\r\n      #\u4ee5\u4e0b\u3067\u5b9a\u7fa9\u3059\u308b\u5909\u6570\u306fmutation\u30d5\u30a1\u30a4\u30eb\u5185\u3067\u5b9a\u7fa9\u3057\u305f\u5909\u6570\u305f\u3061\r\n      variables: {\r\n        id: id\r\n      }\r\n    })\r\n  }\r\n  ...\r\n}\r\n\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u7528\u4e2d\u6587\u6765\u91cd\u65b0\u8868\u8ff0\uff1a
\n\u5c31\u662f\u8fd9\u6837\u3002\u5f53\u60f3\u8981\u4f7f\u7528query\u65f6\uff0c\u53ea\u9700\u8981\u4f7f\u7528$apollo.query\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u5c06query: Item\u5373\u53ef\u3002<\/p>\n
\u8d60\u54c1<\/h4>\n
\u53d8\u5f02\u540e\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u4e0d\u8fdb\u884c\u66f4\u65b0\uff0c\u5c31\u65e0\u6cd5\u5728\u5916\u89c2\u4e0a\u663e\u793a\u51fa\u6765\u3002<\/p>\n
refetchQueries: [{\r\n          query: getUsersGql\r\n        }]\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u6700\u597d\u6267\u884c\u8bf8\u5982\u6b64\u7c7b\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002<\/p>\n
\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\uff0c\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7aef\uff08\u672c\u6b21\u6211\u4eec\u4f7f\u7528rails\uff09<\/h2>\n
Gemfile\u5199\u5165<\/p>\n
gem 'graphiql-rails'\r\ngem 'graphql'\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u5728\u4f7f\u7528bundle install\u547d\u4ee4\u540e\uff0c\u8fd0\u884crails g graphql:install\uff0cRails\u5c06\u81ea\u52a8\u4e3a\u6211\u4eec\u8fdb\u884c\u5404\u79cd\u8bbe\u7f6e\u3002routes.rb\u5c06\u88ab\u66f4\u65b0\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<\/p>\n
...<\/span>\r\nif<\/span> Rails<\/span>.<\/span>env<\/span>.<\/span>development?<\/span>\r\n  mount<\/span> GraphiQL<\/span>::<\/span>Rails<\/span>::<\/span>Engine<\/span>,<\/span> at: <\/span>'\/graphiql'<\/span>,<\/span> graphql_path: <\/span>'\/graphql'<\/span>\r\nend<\/span>\r\n...<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u5728\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u76ee\u5f55\u4e0b\u521b\u5efa\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2agraphql\u76ee\u5f55\u3002<\/p>\n
\u79cd\u7c7b<\/h3>\n
\u9996\u5148\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u5b9a\u4e49GraphQL\u8fd4\u56de\u6570\u636e\u7684\u7c7b\u578b\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728app\/graphql\/types\u4e0b\u4e3a\u6bcf\u4e2a\u6a21\u578b\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u3002
\n\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662fuser\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u7c7b\u578b\u6587\u4ef6\u793a\u4f8b\u3002<\/p>\n
Types<\/span>::<\/span>UserType<\/span> =<\/span> GraphQL<\/span>::<\/span>ObjectType<\/span>.<\/span>define<\/span> do<\/span>\r\n  # \u578b\u540d<\/span>\r\n  name<\/span> 'User'<\/span>\r\n  # field :(\u8981\u7d20\u540d), (\u8981\u7d20\u306e\u30bf\u30a4\u30d7(int, string, etc))<\/span>\r\n  field<\/span> :name<\/span>,<\/span> !<\/span>types<\/span>.<\/span>String<\/span>\r\n  field<\/span> :email<\/span>,<\/span> !<\/span>types<\/span>.<\/span>String<\/span>\r\nend<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u67e5\u8be2<\/h3>\n
\u64b0\u5199\u4e00\u4e2a\u8bf7\u6c42\u5c06\u8fd4\u56de\u5728Types\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u5b9a\u4e49\u7684\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u67e5\u8be2\u3002<\/p>\n
\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u540d\u4e3a app\/graphql\/types\/query_type.rb \u7684\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u5e76\u5728\u5176\u4e2d\u7f16\u5199\u6240\u6709\u67e5\u8be2\u3002<\/p>\n
module<\/span> Types<\/span>\r\n  class<\/span> QueryType<\/span> <<\/span> Types<\/span>::<\/span>BaseObject<\/span>\r\n    # \u307e\u305a\u306f\u30af\u30a8\u30ea\u306e\u5927\u67a0\u3060\u3051\u66f8\u304f<\/span>\r\n    # field :(\u30af\u30a8\u30ea\u540d), Types::(\u5b9a\u7fa9\u3057\u305f\u578b\u540d), null: (true\/false) do<\/span>\r\n    field<\/span> :user<\/span>,<\/span> Types<\/span>::<\/span>UserType<\/span>,<\/span> null: <\/span>false<\/span> do<\/span>\r\n      description<\/span> '\u30e6\u30fc\u30b6\u60c5\u5831\u30921\u4ef6\u53d6\u5f97\u3059\u308b'<\/span>  # \u30af\u30a8\u30ea\u306e\u8aac\u660e<\/span>\r\n      argument<\/span> :id<\/span>,<\/span> Int<\/span>,<\/span> required: <\/span>true<\/span>,<\/span> description: <\/span>'\u30e6\u30fc\u30b6ID'<\/span>  # \u30af\u30a8\u30ea\u306b\u56de\u3059\u5f15\u6570<\/span>\r\n    end<\/span>\r\n\r\n    # \u4e0a\u306e\u30af\u30a8\u30ea\u306e\u8a73\u7d30\u306e\u52d5\u304d\u3092\u30af\u30a8\u30ea\u540d\u3068\u540c\u3058\u95a2\u6570\u540d\u3067\u66f8\u304f<\/span>\r\n    def<\/span> user<\/span>(<\/span>id<\/span>:)<\/span>\r\n      User<\/span>.<\/span>find<\/span>(<\/span>id<\/span>)<\/span>\r\n    end<\/span>\r\n  end<\/span>\r\nend<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u5b9e\u65bd\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b<\/h3>\n
\u5f53\u8bbf\u95ee\/graphql\u65f6\uff0c\u5c06\u6267\u884cgraphController\u5185\u7684execute\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002<\/p>\n
Rails<\/span>.<\/span>application<\/span>.<\/span>routes<\/span>.<\/span>draw<\/span> do<\/span>\r\n  ...<\/span>\r\n  post<\/span> '\/graphql'<\/span>,<\/span> to: <\/span>'graphql#execute'<\/span>\r\n  ...<\/span>\r\nend<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
class<\/span> GraphqlController<\/span> <<\/span> ApplicationController<\/span>\r\n  ...<\/span>\r\n  def<\/span> execute<\/span>\r\n    variables<\/span> =<\/span> ensure_hash<\/span>(<\/span>params<\/span>[<\/span>:variables<\/span>])<\/span>\r\n    query<\/span> =<\/span> params<\/span>[<\/span>:query<\/span>]<\/span>\r\n    operation_name<\/span> =<\/span> params<\/span>[<\/span>:operationName<\/span>]<\/span>\r\n    context<\/span> =<\/span> {}<\/span>\r\n    result<\/span> =<\/span> ApiSchema<\/span>.<\/span>execute<\/span>(<\/span>query<\/span>,<\/span> variables: <\/span>variables<\/span>,<\/span> context: <\/span>context<\/span>,<\/span> operation_name: <\/span>operation_name<\/span>)<\/span>\r\n    render<\/span> json: <\/span>result<\/span>\r\n  end<\/span>\r\n  ...<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
params\u5b58\u50a8\u4e86\u8c03\u7528query\u65f6\u7684\u53c2\u6570\uff0c\u5e76\u8c03\u7528\u5e76\u6267\u884c\u6307\u5b9a\u7684\u67e5\u8be2\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
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