{"id":47454,"date":"2023-09-12T16:31:22","date_gmt":"2023-07-15T22:56:21","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.silicloud.com\/zh\/blog\/%e3%80%90graphql%e3%80%91%e9%9c%80%e8%a6%81%e6%8e%8c%e6%8f%a1%e7%9a%84%e5%85%b3%e9%94%ae%e7%82%b9%e6%9d%a5%e5%ae%9e%e7%8e%b0graphql\/"},"modified":"2024-05-03T23:25:14","modified_gmt":"2024-05-03T15:25:14","slug":"%e3%80%90graphql%e3%80%91%e9%9c%80%e8%a6%81%e6%8e%8c%e6%8f%a1%e7%9a%84%e5%85%b3%e9%94%ae%e7%82%b9%e6%9d%a5%e5%ae%9e%e7%8e%b0graphql","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.silicloud.com\/zh\/blog\/%e3%80%90graphql%e3%80%91%e9%9c%80%e8%a6%81%e6%8e%8c%e6%8f%a1%e7%9a%84%e5%85%b3%e9%94%ae%e7%82%b9%e6%9d%a5%e5%ae%9e%e7%8e%b0graphql\/","title":{"rendered":"\u3010GraphQL\u3011\u9700\u8981\u638c\u63e1\u7684\u5173\u952e\u70b9\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0GraphQL"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u524d\u8a00<\/h1>\n

\u7531\u4e8e\u63a5\u89e6GraphQL\uff0c\u6211\u5f00\u59cb\u610f\u8bc6\u5230\u4e00\u4e9b\u9700\u8981\u601d\u8003\u7684\u8981\u70b9\u3002\u7531\u4e8e\u8fd9\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u603b\u7ed3\u8981\u70b9\u7684\u6587\u7ae0\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u4ee3\u7801\u5e76\u4e0d\u591a\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5bf9\u4e8e\u524d\u534a\u90e8\u5206\uff0c\u5373\u4f7f\u4e0d\u719f\u6089GraphQL\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u7406\u89e3\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u540e\u534a\u90e8\u5206\u5173\u4e8e\u8ba4\u8bc1\u548c\u6388\u6743\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u4f1a\u66f4\u52a0\u590d\u6742\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u5efa\u8bae\u5148\u5b66\u4e60\u4e00\u4e9bGraphQL\u7136\u540e\u518d\u9605\u8bfb\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u66f4\u597d\u3002<\/p>\n

GraphQL\u7684\u7279\u70b9<\/h1>\n

\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u5bf9GraphQL\u7684\u7279\u70b9\u4e86\u89e3\u5f97\u5dee\u4e0d\u591a\u7684\u8bdd\uff0c\u8bf7\u8df3\u8fc7\u8fd9\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u3002<\/p>\n

    \n
  1. \n
      \u53ea\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u7ec8\u7aef\u70b9<\/ol>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

       <\/p>\n

        \n
      1. \n
          \u6709\u4e24\u79cd\u67e5\u8be2\uff1a\u7528\u4e8e\u5f15\u7528\u7684query\u548c\u7528\u4e8e\u6dfb\u52a0\u548c\u66f4\u65b0\u7684mutation<\/ol>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

           <\/p>\n

            \u6839\u636e\u53d1\u9001\u67e5\u8be2\u4e2d\u7684\u6570\u636e\u7c7b\u578b\uff08\u6a21\u5f0f\uff09\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u4e00\u4e2a\u8bf7\u6c42\u4e2d\u6309\u7167\u7c7b\u578b\uff08\u6a21\u5f0f\uff09\u83b7\u53d6\u6240\u9700\u7684\u6570\u636e\u4e00\u6b21\u3002<\/ol>\n

            \u4f18\u70b9<\/h3>\n

            \u4ece\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7279\u70b9\u4e2d\u83b7\u5f97\u7684\u597d\u5904\u662f\uff0c\u5373\u4f7f\u4e0d\u6df1\u601d\u719f\u8651\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u5b8c\u6210\u7b80\u5355\u7684API\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u8f7b\u677e\u5b9e\u73b0\u65e0\u9700\u4e0d\u5fc5\u8981\u7684\u9012\u5f52\u8bf7\u6c42\u7684\u8bbe\u8ba1\uff0c\u8fd9\u5728\u5f53\u524d\u4e3b\u6d41\u7684\u201cREST API\u201d\u4e2d\u7ecf\u5e38\u53d1\u751f\u3002\u5982\u679c\u5728\u5b9e\u65bd\u540e\u9700\u8981\u9012\u5f52\u8bf7\u6c42\uff0c\u610f\u5473\u7740\u5728GraphQL\u4e2d\u53ef\u4ee5\u7acb\u5373\u8fdb\u884c\u6269\u5c55\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u4f1a\u9020\u6210\u7834\u574f\u6027\u7684\u53d8\u66f4\u3002<\/p>\n

            \u6362\u53e5\u8bdd\u8bf4\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u8f7b\u677e\u5730\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u5177\u5907\u6269\u5c55\u6027\u548c\u7b80\u6d01\u6027\uff0c\u80fd\u591f\u5728\u4e00\u6b21\u8bf7\u6c42\u4e2d\u83b7\u53d6\u6240\u9700\u4fe1\u606f\u7684API\u3002<\/p>\n

            \u5f0a\u7aef<\/h3>\n

            \u4f5c\u4e3a\u7f3a\u70b9\uff0c\u201c\u8ffd\u52a0\/\u66f4\u65b0\u67e5\u8be2mutation\u201d\u9700\u8981\u6211\u4eec\u81ea\u5df1\u5728\u8fd9\u4e00\u7aef\u8fdb\u884c\u5904\u7406\uff0c\u4e0e\u201cREST API\u201d\u76f8\u540c\u3002\u5177\u4f53\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2amutation\u67e5\u8be2\u9700\u8981\u51b3\u5b9a\u5c06\u201c\u307b\u3052\u307b\u3052\u201d\u503c\u6ce8\u518c\u5230\u54ea\u4e2a\u8868\u7684\u54ea\u6761\u8bb0\u5f55\u4e2d\u3002\u5176\u6b21\uff0c\u65e0\u6cd5\u7b80\u5355\u5730\u5f15\u5165\u8ba4\u8bc1\u548c\u6388\u6743\uff0c\u5f15\u5165\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e5f\u6ca1\u6709\u660e\u786e\u3002\u6700\u540e\uff0c\u8fd8\u6ca1\u6709\u786e\u5b9a\u4e00\u4e2a\u5730\u65b9\u6765\u6267\u884c\u4ec5\u7279\u5b9a\u67e5\u8be2\u7684\u7279\u6b8a\u5904\u7406\uff0c\u800c\u4e14GraphQL\u672c\u8eab\u4e5f\u4e0d\u5e94\u8be5\u5305\u542b\u7279\u6b8a\u5904\u7406\u3002\u7279\u6b8a\u5904\u7406\u5305\u62ec\u5c06\u56fe\u50cf\u6570\u636e\u4fdd\u5b58\u5230AWS\u7684S3\u4e2d\uff0c\u5e76\u5c06\u5176URL\u5b58\u50a8\u5728\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u4e2d\u7b49\u3002<\/p>\n

            \u6362\u53e5\u8bdd\u8bf4\uff0c\u4e00\u65e6\u8003\u8651\u521b\u5efa\u53d8\u5f02\u67e5\u8be2\u3001\u5b9e\u65bd\u8ba4\u8bc1\u548c\u6388\u6743\u3001\u7279\u6b8a\u5904\u7406\uff0cGraphQL\u7684\u53ef\u6269\u5c55\u6027\u548c\u7b80\u6d01\u6027\u5c31\u4f1a\u53d7\u5230\u5f71\u54cd\u3002<\/p>\n

            \u8bbe\u8ba1\u6307\u5bfc\u65b9\u9488<\/h1>\n

            \u5728GraphQL\u8bbe\u8ba1\u4e2d\uff0c\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u662f\u8981\u4fdd\u7559\u597d\u5904\u5e76\u5c3d\u53ef\u80fd\u6d88\u9664\u7f3a\u70b9\u3002<\/p>\n

            \u4e0d\u8981\u5c07\u7279\u6b8a\u8655\u7406\u5305\u62ec\u5728\u7a81\u8b8a\u4e2d\uff0c\u76e1\u91cf\u8a2d\u8a08\u6210\u7121\u9700\u542b\u6709\u8a72\u8655\u7406\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u8eab\u4efd\u9a57\u8b49\u548c\u6388\u6b0a\u662f\u4e0d\u53ef\u6216\u7f3a\u7684\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u5c07\u5176\u4f5c\u70baGraphQL\u529f\u80fd\u6dfb\u52a0\u3002<\/p>\n

            \u4e3a\u4e86\u4fdd\u6301GraphQL\u7684\u7b80\u6d01\u6027\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u51c6\u5907\u4e86\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2aAPI\uff08REST API\uff1f\uff09\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7GraphQL\u67e5\u8be2\u6765\u4ec5\u4f20\u9012\u4e0e\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u5b58\u50a8\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u5e76\u8fdb\u884c\u8ffd\u52a0\u548c\u66f4\u65b0\u3002\u867d\u7136\u8fd9\u6837\u9700\u8981\u53d1\u9001\u4e24\u6b21\u8bf7\u6c42\uff0c\u4f46\u8003\u8651\u5230GraphQL\u7684\u7f3a\u70b9\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u8fd8\u662f\u8ba4\u4e3a\u5c06\u5176\u62c6\u5206\u66f4\u4e3a\u9002\u5408\u3002<\/p>\n

            \"graphql_01.png\"<\/div>\n

            \u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\u5269\u4e0b\u7684\u62c5\u5fe7\u662f\u5173\u4e8e\u8ba4\u8bc1\u548c\u6388\u6743\u5e94\u8be5\u5982\u4f55\u5b9e\u65bd\u3002<\/p>\n

            \u8a8d\u8b49\u548c\u6388\u6b0a\u7684\u5be6\u65bd\u65b9\u6cd5<\/h1>\n

            \u8fd9\u7bc7\u6587\u7ae0\u975e\u5e38\u6709\u53c2\u8003\u4ef7\u503c\uff0c\u8fd9\u91cc\u6240\u89e3\u91ca\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u57fa\u672c\u4e0a\u5c31\u50cf\u662f\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5730\u65b9\u7684\u603b\u7ed3\u3002<\/p>\n

            \u5bf9\u6240\u6709\u67e5\u8be2\u8fdb\u884c\u8eab\u4efd\u9a8c\u8bc1<\/h3>\n

            \u5728\u5b9e\u65bdGraphQL\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e0a\u6dfb\u52a0\u4e2d\u95f4\u4ef6\uff0c\u5e76\u5728\u4e2d\u95f4\u4ef6\u4e2d\u6dfb\u52a0\u8eab\u4efd\u9a8c\u8bc1\u5904\u7406\u7a0b\u5e8f\uff0c\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e3a\u6240\u6709\u67e5\u8be2\u6dfb\u52a0\u8eab\u4efd\u9a8c\u8bc1\u3002\u5982\u679c\u8eab\u4efd\u9a8c\u8bc1\u5728\u4e2d\u95f4\u4ef6\u4e2d\u5931\u8d25\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u6267\u884c\u67e5\u8be2\u5e76\u8fd4\u56de\u9519\u8bef\u3002\u4f46\u662f\u8fd9\u6837\u65e0\u6cd5\u4e3a\u6bcf\u4e2a\u67e5\u8be2\u6dfb\u52a0\u8eab\u4efd\u9a8c\u8bc1\u3002<\/p>\n

            \u5bf9\u6bcf\u4e2a\u67e5\u8be2\u8fdb\u884c\u8eab\u4efd\u8ba4\u8bc1\u548c\u6388\u6743<\/h3>\n

            \u4f7f\u7528\u89e3\u6790\u5668\u8fdb\u884c\u8ba4\u8bc1\u548c\u6388\u6743\u68c0\u67e5<\/h5>\n

            \u89e3\u6790\u5668\u662f\u6839\u636e\u67e5\u8be2\u7684\u7c7b\u578b\uff08\u6a21\u5f0f\uff09\u521b\u5efa\u8fd4\u56de\u6570\u636e\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e\u3002
            \n\u5728\u89e3\u6790\u5668\u5185\uff0c\u5c06\u8fd4\u56de\u6570\u636e\u7684\u90e8\u5206\u5305\u88c5\u5728\u8ba4\u8bc1\u548c\u6388\u6743\u51fd\u6570\u4e2d\u3002<\/p>\n

            \u7531\u4e8e\u89e3\u6790\u5668\u662f\u6839\u636e\u67e5\u8be2\u7684\u7c7b\u578b\uff08\u6a21\u5f0f\uff09\u751f\u6210\u8fd4\u56de\u6570\u636e\u7684\u5730\u65b9\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u6211\u8ba4\u4e3a\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\u7f16\u5199\u8eab\u4efd\u9a8c\u8bc1\u548c\u6388\u6743\u5904\u7406\u5e76\u4e0d\u592a\u597d\u3002\u8fd9\u5e76\u4e0d\u662f\u63a8\u8350\u7684\u505a\u6cd5\u3002<\/p>\n

            \u627f\u8a8d\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50<\/p>\n

            const<\/span> checkScopeAndResolve<\/span> =<\/span> (<\/span>context<\/span>,<\/span> expectedScope<\/span>,<\/span> controller<\/span>)<\/span> =><\/span> {<\/span>\r\n  const<\/span> token<\/span> =<\/span> context<\/span>.<\/span>headers<\/span>.<\/span>authorization<\/span>;<\/span>\r\n\r\n  try<\/span> {<\/span>\r\n    \/\/ \u8a8d\u8a3c\u30fb\u8a8d\u53ef\u51e6\u7406<\/span>\r\n    \/\/ ...<\/span>\r\n\r\n     return<\/span> controller<\/span>.<\/span>apply<\/span>(<\/span>this<\/span>);<\/span>\r\n  }<\/span> catch<\/span> (<\/span>err<\/span>)<\/span> {<\/span>\r\n    \/\/ \u8a8d\u8a3c\u30fb\u8a8d\u53ef\u51e6\u7406\u5931\u6557\u6642\u306e\u51e6\u7406<\/span>\r\n  }<\/span>\r\n}<\/span>\r\n\r\nconst<\/span> controller<\/span> =<\/span> model<\/span>.<\/span>getArticles<\/span>(<\/span>context<\/span>.<\/span>user<\/span>.<\/span>id<\/span>);<\/span>\r\n\r\nconst<\/span> resolvers<\/span> =<\/span> {<\/span>\r\n  Query<\/span>:<\/span> {<\/span>\r\n    articlesByAuthor<\/span>:<\/span> (<\/span>_<\/span>,<\/span> args<\/span>,<\/span> context<\/span>)<\/span> \r\n      =><\/span> checkScopeAndResolve<\/span>(<\/span>\r\n        context<\/span>.<\/span>user<\/span>.<\/span>scope<\/span>,<\/span>\r\n        [<\/span>'<\/span>read:articles<\/span>'<\/span>],<\/span>\r\n        controller<\/span>\r\n      );<\/span>\r\n  }<\/span>\r\n}<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
            2. \u4f7f\u7528\u6307\u4ee4\u68c0\u67e5\u8ba4\u8bc1\u548c\u6388\u6743\u3002<\/h5>\n
            \u6307\u4ee4\uff08Directive\uff09\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e3a\u6570\u636e\u7c7b\u578b\uff08\u6a21\u5f0f\uff09\u6216\u67e5\u8be2\u6dfb\u52a0\u5143\u6570\u636e\u7684\u4e1c\u897f\u3002
            \n\u901a\u8fc7\u4e3a\u67e5\u8be2\u6dfb\u52a0\u8ba4\u8bc1\u548c\u6388\u6743\u6307\u4ee4\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u58f0\u660e\u8be5\u67e5\u8be2\u9700\u8981\u8ba4\u8bc1\u548c\u6388\u6743\u3002
            \n\u7136\u540e\uff0c\u5728\u6267\u884c\u67e5\u8be2\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u8fd0\u884c\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u7684\u8ba4\u8bc1\u548c\u6388\u6743\u6307\u4ee4\u5904\u7406\u3002<\/p>\n
            \u5b9e\u65bd\u6307\u4ee4\u867d\u7136\u6709\u4e9b\u56f0\u96be\uff0c\u4f46\u4e0d\u4f1a\u5f71\u54cd\u89e3\u6790\u5668\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u8fd9\u662f\u6700\u63a8\u8350\u7684\u9009\u9879\u3002<\/p>\n
            \u8eab\u4efd\u9a8c\u8bc1\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50<\/p>\n
            import<\/span> {<\/span> SchemaDirectiveVisitor<\/span> }<\/span> from<\/span> \"<\/span>graphql-tools<\/span>\"<\/span>\r\nimport<\/span> {<\/span> DirectiveLocation<\/span>,<\/span> GraphQLDirective<\/span>,<\/span> GraphQLList<\/span>,<\/span> GraphQLString<\/span> }<\/span> from<\/span> \"<\/span>graphql<\/span>\"<\/span>\r\nimport<\/span> {<\/span> AuthorizationError<\/span> }<\/span> from<\/span> '<\/span>..\/errors<\/span>'<\/span>\r\n\r\nexport<\/span> class<\/span> IsAuthenticatedDirective<\/span> extends<\/span> SchemaDirectiveVisitor<\/span> {<\/span>\r\n  static<\/span> getDirectiveDeclaration<\/span>(<\/span>directiveName<\/span>,<\/span> schema<\/span>)<\/span> {<\/span>\r\n    return<\/span> new<\/span> GraphQLDirective<\/span>({<\/span>\r\n      name<\/span>:<\/span> \"<\/span>isAuthenticated<\/span>\"<\/span>,<\/span>\r\n      locations<\/span>:<\/span> [<\/span>DirectiveLocation<\/span>.<\/span>FIELD_DEFINITION<\/span>]<\/span>\r\n    });<\/span>\r\n  }<\/span>\r\n\r\n  visitFieldDefinition<\/span>(<\/span>field<\/span>)<\/span> {<\/span>\r\n    const<\/span> {<\/span> resolve<\/span> =<\/span> defaultFieldResolver<\/span> }<\/span> =<\/span> field<\/span>\r\n    field<\/span>.<\/span>resolve<\/span> =<\/span> async<\/span> (...<\/span>args<\/span>)<\/span> =><\/span> {<\/span>\r\n      const<\/span> ctx<\/span> =<\/span> args<\/span>[<\/span>2<\/span>]<\/span>\r\n      if<\/span> (<\/span>!<\/span>ctx<\/span> ||<\/span> !<\/span>ctx<\/span>.<\/span>req<\/span> ||<\/span> !<\/span>ctx<\/span>.<\/span>req<\/span>.<\/span>headers<\/span> ||<\/span> \r\n !<\/span>ctx<\/span>.<\/span>req<\/span>.<\/span>headers<\/span>.<\/span>authorization<\/span>)<\/span> {<\/span>\r\n        throw<\/span> new<\/span> AuthorizationError<\/span>({<\/span> message<\/span>:<\/span> \"<\/span>No authorization token.<\/span>\"<\/span> })<\/span>\r\n      }<\/span>\r\n      const<\/span> token<\/span> =<\/span> ctx<\/span>.<\/span>req<\/span>.<\/span>headers<\/span>.<\/span>authorization<\/span>\r\n\r\n      try<\/span> {<\/span>\r\n        const<\/span> id_token<\/span> =<\/span> token<\/span>.<\/span>replace<\/span>(<\/span>\"<\/span>Bearer <\/span>\"<\/span>,<\/span> \"\"<\/span>)<\/span>\r\n\r\n        \/\/ authorization process<\/span>\r\n        \/\/ ...<\/span>\r\n\r\n        return<\/span> resolve<\/span>.<\/span>apply<\/span>(<\/span>this<\/span>,<\/span> args<\/span>)<\/span>\r\n      }<\/span>\r\n      catch<\/span> (<\/span>e<\/span>)<\/span> {<\/span>\r\n        throw<\/span> new<\/span> AuthorizationError<\/span>({<\/span> message<\/span>:<\/span> \"<\/span>You are not authorized.<\/span>\"<\/span> })<\/span>\r\n      }<\/span>\r\n    }<\/span>\r\n  }<\/span>\r\n\r\n\r\n}<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
            \u9644\u8a00<\/h1>\n
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