{"id":46997,"date":"2023-03-28T02:06:31","date_gmt":"2023-04-08T19:44:06","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.silicloud.com\/zh\/blog\/%e4%bd%bf%e7%94%a8spring-boot-protocol-buffers-kafka%e5%8f%91%e9%80%81%e5%92%8c%e6%8e%a5%e6%94%b6%e6%b6%88%e6%81%af%e3%80%82\/"},"modified":"2024-04-29T20:49:10","modified_gmt":"2024-04-29T12:49:10","slug":"%e4%bd%bf%e7%94%a8spring-boot-protocol-buffers-kafka%e5%8f%91%e9%80%81%e5%92%8c%e6%8e%a5%e6%94%b6%e6%b6%88%e6%81%af%e3%80%82","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.silicloud.com\/zh\/blog\/%e4%bd%bf%e7%94%a8spring-boot-protocol-buffers-kafka%e5%8f%91%e9%80%81%e5%92%8c%e6%8e%a5%e6%94%b6%e6%b6%88%e6%81%af%e3%80%82\/","title":{"rendered":"\u4f7f\u7528Spring Boot + Protocol Buffers + Kafka\u53d1\u9001\u548c\u63a5\u6536\u6d88\u606f"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u6700\u8fd1\u6709\u673a\u4f1a\u63a5\u89e6\u5230Protocol Buffers\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u60f3\u5c1d\u8bd5\u5728Kafka\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528\u5b83\u3002<\/p>\n

\u534f\u8bae\u7f13\u51b2\u533a\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\uff1f<\/h1>\n

Protocol Buffers\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u7528\u4e8e\u5bf9\u8c61\u5e8f\u5217\u5316\u7684\u5e93\u3002\u53ef\u7528\u4e8e\u5e8f\u5217\u5316\u7684\u6570\u636e\u683c\u5f0f\u6709\u5f88\u591a\uff0cJSON\u548cXML\u4e5f\u662f\u5176\u4e2d\u4e4b\u4e00\uff0c\u4f46\u7531\u4e8e\u5b83\u4eec\u662f\u6587\u672c\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u5bb9\u91cf\u5f80\u5f80\u4f1a\u5f88\u5927\u3002\u4f7f\u7528Protocol Buffers\u53ef\u4ee5\u51cf\u5c0f\u5e8f\u5217\u5316\u751f\u6210\u7684\u5b57\u8282\u5e8f\u5217\u7684\u5bb9\u91cf\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u6539\u5584\u5728\u901a\u8fc7\u7f51\u7edc\u8fdb\u884c\u901a\u4fe1\u65f6\u7684\u6027\u80fd\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u7531\u4e8e\u6a21\u5f0f\u4e0e\u7f16\u7a0b\u8bed\u8a00\u65e0\u5173\uff0c\u5b83\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u4f7f\u7528\u4e0d\u540c\u6280\u672f\u6808\u7684\u5fae\u670d\u52a1\u4e4b\u95f4\u8fdb\u884c\u901a\u4fe1\u3002<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u6574\u4f53\u6982\u51b5<\/h1>\n

\u4f7f\u7528Protocol Buffers\u65f6\uff0c\u9996\u5148\u9700\u8981\u5728proto\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u5b9a\u4e49\u6570\u636e\u7684\u6a21\u5f0f\uff0c\u5e76\u5728\u6570\u636e\u7684\u53d1\u9001\u65b9\u548c\u63a5\u6536\u65b9\u4e4b\u95f4\u5171\u4eab\u5b83\u3002\u5982\u679c\u6709proto\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u5219\u53ef\u4ee5\u6839\u636e\u5b83\u4e3a\u5404\u79cd\u8bed\u8a00\u81ea\u52a8\u751f\u6210\u7528\u4e8e\u751f\u6210\u548c\u89e3\u6790\u6570\u636e\u7684\u6e90\u4ee3\u7801\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u5373\u4f7f\u6a21\u5f0f\u53d1\u751f\u53d8\u5316\uff0c\u5f00\u53d1\u4eba\u5458\u4e5f\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u7ef4\u62a4\u89e3\u6790\u5668\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e13\u6ce8\u4e8e\u4e1a\u52a1\u903b\u8f91\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5982\u679c\u5c06Protocol Buffers\u7528\u4e8e\u4f7f\u7528Kafka\u8fdb\u884c\u6d88\u606f\u4f20\u8f93\u548c\u63a5\u6536\uff0c\u5219\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5c06\u9075\u5faa\u4ee5\u4e0b\u6d41\u7a0b\u3002<\/p>\n

\"protobuf-kafka.png\"<\/div>\n

\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u5b58\u50a8\u5e93\u3002<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\u521b\u5efaproto\u6587\u4ef6<\/h1>\n

\u9996\u5148\uff0c\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2aprofo\u6587\u4ef6\u3002\u8fd9\u6b21\u6211\u4eec\u4f1a\u7528Kafka\u6765\u53d1\u9001\u548c\u63a5\u6536\u7531\u4e09\u4e2a\u5b57\u6bb5\u7ec4\u6210\u7684\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u5206\u522b\u662f\u7535\u5f71\u540d\uff0c\u5730\u70b9\u548c\u7968\u623f\u3002<\/p>\n

syntax<\/span> =<\/span> \"proto3\"<\/span>;<\/span>\r\n\r\npackage<\/span> proto<\/span>;<\/span>\r\n\r\noption<\/span> java_multiple_files<\/span> =<\/span> true<\/span>;<\/span>\r\noption<\/span> java_package<\/span> =<\/span> \"com.udomomo.springbootkafkapractice.proto\"<\/span>;<\/span>\r\n\r\nmessage<\/span> MyTopicEntry<\/span> {<\/span>\r\n  string<\/span> movie_name<\/span> =<\/span> 1<\/span>;<\/span>\r\n  enum<\/span> LOCATION<\/span> {<\/span>\r\n    UNKNOWN<\/span> =<\/span> 0<\/span>;<\/span>\r\n    THEATER<\/span> =<\/span> 1<\/span>;<\/span>\r\n    STREAMING<\/span> =<\/span> 2<\/span>;<\/span>\r\n  }<\/span>\r\n  LOCATION<\/span> location<\/span> =<\/span> 2<\/span>;<\/span>\r\n  int32<\/span> box_office<\/span> =<\/span> 3<\/span>;<\/span>\r\n}<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
java_multiple_files \u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u6765\u8bbe\u7f6e\u662f\u5426\u5c06\u4eceproto\u6587\u4ef6\u751f\u6210\u7684Java\u6e90\u4ee3\u7801\u62c6\u5206\u4e3a\u591a\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u3002java_package \u662f\u751f\u6210\u7684\u6e90\u4ee3\u7801\u7684\u5305\u540d\u3002
\n\u8bf7\u53c2\u8003\u4ee5\u4e0b\u7684proto\u6587\u4ef6\u8bed\u6cd5\u3002<\/p>\n
 <\/p>\n
Proto\u6587\u4ef6\u5e94\u8be5\u653e\u5728\u54ea\u91cc\uff1f<\/h2>\n
\u7531\u4e8eProto\u6587\u4ef6\u662f\u591a\u4e2a\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5171\u4eab\u7684\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u4e0d\u5e94\u8be5\u5c06\u5176\u653e\u7f6e\u5728\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4e2d\u3002\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u5305\u62ec\u4ee5\u4e0b\u5185\u5bb9\u3002<\/p>\n
    \n
  • \n
      \u8907\u6570\u30a2\u30d7\u30ea\u30b1\u30fc\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\u304b\u3089\u53c2\u7167\u3055\u308c\u308bcommon\u30d1\u30c3\u30b1\u30fc\u30b8\u306e\u4e2d\u306bproto\u30d5\u30a1\u30a4\u30eb\u3068\u751f\u6210\u30b3\u30fc\u30c9\u3092\u5165\u308c\u3001\u5404\u30a2\u30d7\u30ea\u30b1\u30fc\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\u306e\u4f9d\u5b58\u95a2\u4fc2\u3068\u3057\u3066\u8ffd\u52a0\u3059\u308b<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
       <\/p>\n
        Schema Registry\u3092\u5229\u7528\u3059\u308b\uff08\u4f8b: Confluent Schema Registry\uff09<\/ul>\n
        \u7531\u4e8e\u8fd9\u6b21\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u672c\u5730\u7684\u7b80\u6613\u9879\u76ee\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u53ea\u9700\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2aproto\/\u76ee\u5f55\u5e76\u5c06\u5176\u653e\u7f6e\u5176\u4e2d\u5373\u53ef\u3002<\/p>\n
        \u4eceproto\u6587\u4ef6\u751f\u6210\u4ee3\u7801<\/h1>\n
        \u5728\u6784\u5efa\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u65f6\uff0c\u751f\u6210\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u5c06\u4ece\u6700\u65b0\u7684proto\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u751f\u6210\u3002\u8fd9\u6b21\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u4f7f\u7528Gradle\u3002<\/p>\n
        \u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u5fc5\u9700\u7684\u4e09\u4e2a\u4f9d\u8d56\u5173\u7cfb\u3002<\/p>\n
        com.google.protobuf : Gradle\u7528\u306e\u30d7\u30e9\u30b0\u30a4\u30f3\u3002proto\u30d5\u30a1\u30a4\u30eb\u304b\u3089\u30b3\u30fc\u30c9\u3092\u751f\u6210\u3059\u308b\u305f\u3081\u306e\u30bf\u30b9\u30af\u3092\u63d0\u4f9b\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n
        com.google.protobuf:protobuf-java : Java\u7528\u306eProtocol Buffers\u30b3\u30a2\u30e9\u30a4\u30d6\u30e9\u30ea\u3002\u751f\u6210\u3055\u308c\u305f\u30b3\u30fc\u30c9\u306b\u30a2\u30d7\u30ea\u30b1\u30fc\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\u304b\u3089\u30a2\u30af\u30bb\u30b9\u3059\u308b\u305f\u3081\u306e\u30e1\u30bd\u30c3\u30c9\u7b49\u3092\u63d0\u4f9b\u3059\u308b\u3002Gradle\u3067\u306f dependency \u306b\u8ffd\u52a0\u3059\u308c\u3070\u826f\u3044\u3002<\/p>\n
        protoc : proto\u30d5\u30a1\u30a4\u30eb\u3092\u30b3\u30f3\u30d1\u30a4\u30eb\u3059\u308b\u305f\u3081\u306b\u5fc5\u8981\u306aC\u8a00\u8a9e\u30d1\u30c3\u30b1\u30fc\u30b8\u3002CLI\u3082\u63d0\u4f9b\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u304c\u3001\u30d9\u30b9\u30c8\u30d7\u30e9\u30af\u30c6\u30a3\u30b9\u306f\u30d7\u30ea\u30b3\u30f3\u30d1\u30a4\u30eb\u3055\u308c\u305f com.google.protobuf:protoc \u30d1\u30c3\u30b1\u30fc\u30b8\u3092\u30bf\u30b9\u30af\u5185\u3067\u4f7f\u3046\u3053\u3068\u3002(\u4e0b\u8a18\u53c2\u7167)<\/p>\n
        \u53e6\u5916\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u4fdd\u6301 protobuf-java \u548c protoc \u7684\u7248\u672c\u4e00\u81f4\u3002<\/p>\n
        \u5b9a\u4e49Gradle\u4efb\u52a1\u5982\u4e0b\u3002<\/p>\n
        sourceSets<\/span> {<\/span>\r\n    main<\/span> {<\/span>\r\n        proto<\/span> {<\/span>\r\n            srcDir<\/span> \"$rootDir\/proto\"<\/span>\r\n        }<\/span>\r\n        java<\/span> {<\/span>\r\n            srcDirs<\/span> \"$buildDir\/generated\/source\/proto\/main\/java\"<\/span>\r\n        }<\/span>\r\n    }<\/span>\r\n}<\/span>\r\n\r\nprotobuf<\/span> {<\/span>\r\n    protoc<\/span> {<\/span>\r\n        artifact<\/span> =<\/span> 'com.google.protobuf:protoc:3.17.3'<\/span>\r\n    }<\/span>\r\n}<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
        \u5728protobuf\u4efb\u52a1\u4e2d\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528protoc\u7f16\u8bd1proto\u6587\u4ef6\u3002
        \n\u800csourceSets\u4efb\u52a1\u662f\u4e3a\u4e86\u4f7f\u751f\u6210\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u53ef\u4ee5\u88ab\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u8bbf\u95ee\u800c\u8bbe\u7acb\u7684\u3002\u5176\u5c5e\u6027\u5982\u4e0b\u6240\u793a\u3002<\/p>\n
        proto.srcDir: proto\u30d5\u30a1\u30a4\u30eb\u306e\u5834\u6240\u3092\u6307\u5b9a\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n
        java.srcDirs: \u751f\u6210\u3055\u308c\u305f\u30b3\u30fc\u30c9\u304c\u683c\u7d0d\u3055\u308c\u308b\u5834\u6240\u3092\u6307\u5b9a\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n
        \u901a\u8fc7\u5728 main \u4ee5\u4e0b\u5b9a\u4e49\u5b83\u4eec\uff0c\u751f\u6210\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u5c06\u6210\u4e3a\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f main sourceSet \u7684\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u53ef\u4ee5\u88ab\u8bbf\u95ee\u5230\u3002<\/p>\n
        \u5f53\u60a8\u5b9a\u4e49\u5b8c\u4efb\u52a1\u540e\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528gradlew\u7684–dry-run\u9009\u9879\u6765\u786e\u8ba4\u5728\u6784\u5efa\u65f6\u662f\u5426\u771f\u6b63\u7f16\u8bd1\u4e86proto\u6587\u4ef6\u3002\u4e0b\u9762\u662f\u5728\u6784\u5efaproducer\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u65f6\u786e\u8ba4\u7684\u793a\u4f8b\u3002<\/p>\n
        $ <\/span>.\/gradlew :producer:build --dry-run<\/span>\r\nStarting a Gradle Daemon, 1 incompatible Daemon could not be reused, use --status<\/span> for <\/span>details\r\n:producer:extractIncludeProto SKIPPED\r\n:producer:extractProto SKIPPED\r\n:producer:generateProto SKIPPED\r\n:producer:compileJava SKIPPED\r\n:producer:processResources SKIPPED\r\n:producer:classes SKIPPED\r\n:producer:bootJar SKIPPED\r\n:producer:jar SKIPPED\r\n:producer:assemble SKIPPED\r\n:producer:extractIncludeTestProto SKIPPED\r\n:producer:extractTestProto SKIPPED\r\n:producer:generateTestProto SKIPPED\r\n:producer:compileTestJava SKIPPED\r\n:producer:processTestResources SKIPPED\r\n:producer:testClasses SKIPPED\r\n:producer:test SKIPPED\r\n:producer:check SKIPPED\r\n:producer:build SKIPPED\r\n\r\nBUILD SUCCESSFUL in <\/span>16s\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
        \u5728\u6267\u884ccompileJava\u4efb\u52a1\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u5230\u4f1a\u6267\u884c\u76f8\u5173\u7684Proto\u4efb\u52a1\u3002<\/p>\n
        \u4f7f\u7528Kafka\u53d1\u9001\u548c\u63a5\u6536\u6d88\u606f\u3002<\/h1>\n
        \u5236\u7247\u4eba (zh\u00ec<\/h2>\n
        \u5728proto\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u5b9a\u4e49\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5bf9\u8c61\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528builder\u65b9\u6cd5\u521b\u5efa\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0csetMovieName()\u7b49\u65b9\u6cd5\u662f\u6839\u636eproto\u6587\u4ef6\u81ea\u52a8\u751f\u6210\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n
        MyTopicEntry<\/span> myTopicEntry1<\/span> =<\/span> MyTopicEntry<\/span>.<\/span>newBuilder<\/span>()<\/span>\r\n            .<\/span>setMovieName<\/span>(<\/span>\"Titanic\"<\/span>)<\/span>\r\n            .<\/span>setLocation<\/span>(<\/span>MyTopicEntry<\/span>.<\/span>LOCATION<\/span>.<\/span>STREAMING<\/span>)<\/span>\r\n            .<\/span>setBoxOffice<\/span>(<\/span>340000<\/span>)<\/span>\r\n            .<\/span>build<\/span>();<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
        \u8bf7\u4e8b\u5148\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u7528\u4e8e\u5c06\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6570\u636e\u5bf9\u8c61\u901a\u8fc7\u751f\u4ea7\u8005\u53d1\u9001\u7684\u5e8f\u5217\u5316\u5668\u3002\u8be5\u5e8f\u5217\u5316\u5668\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\u53ea\u662f\u5c06\u6570\u636e\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3a\u5b57\u8282\u6570\u7ec4\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u4e3a\u4e86\u540e\u7eed\u6dfb\u52a0\u5b9e\u73b0\u65f6\u66f4\u5bb9\u6613\u9650\u5b9a\u5f71\u54cd\u8303\u56f4\uff0c\u6700\u597d\u6839\u636e\u6570\u636e\u7c7b\u578b\u5206\u5f00\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u5e8f\u5217\u5316\u5668\u3002<\/p>\n
        public<\/span> class<\/span> MyTopicEntrySerializer<\/span> implements<\/span> Serializer<\/span><<\/span>MyTopicEntry<\/span>><\/span> {<\/span>\r\n  public<\/span> MyTopicEntrySerializer<\/span>()<\/span> {<\/span>\r\n  }<\/span>\r\n\r\n  public<\/span> byte<\/span>[]<\/span> serialize<\/span>(<\/span>String<\/span> topic<\/span>,<\/span> MyTopicEntry<\/span> data<\/span>)<\/span> {<\/span>\r\n    return<\/span> data<\/span>.<\/span>toByteArray<\/span>();<\/span>\r\n  }<\/span>\r\n}<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
        \u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u521b\u5efa\u7684\u5e8f\u5217\u5316\u5668\u6765\u53d1\u9001\u6d88\u606f\u3002<\/p>\n
        kafkaTemplate<\/span>.<\/span>send<\/span>(<\/span>kafkaSettings<\/span>.<\/span>getTopic<\/span>(),<\/span> myTopicEntry1<\/span>);<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
        \u6d88\u8d39\u8005<\/h2>\n
        \u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2aMyTopicEntryDeserializer\uff0c\u4eceConsumer\u63a5\u6536\u6d88\u606f\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u4f7f\u7528parseFrom()\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u63a5\u6536\u5230\u7684\u6d88\u606f\u53ef\u4ee5\u53cd\u5e8f\u5217\u5316\u4e3a\u5728Proto\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u5b9a\u4e49\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5bf9\u8c61\u3002<\/p>\n
        MyTopicEntry<\/span> entry<\/span> =<\/span> MyTopicEntry<\/span>.<\/span>parseFrom<\/span>(<\/span>record<\/span>.<\/span>value<\/span>());<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
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