{"id":45592,"date":"2023-04-14T08:49:36","date_gmt":"2023-05-31T01:39:46","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.silicloud.com\/zh\/blog\/45592-2\/"},"modified":"2024-04-29T23:27:24","modified_gmt":"2024-04-29T15:27:24","slug":"45592-2","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.silicloud.com\/zh\/blog\/45592-2\/","title":{"rendered":""},"content":{"rendered":"

Rust \u3067\u6587\u5b57\u5217 String \u3092\u6587\u5b57\u5217\u30b9\u30e9\u30a4\u30b9 str \u306b\u5909\u63db\u3059\u308b\u306b\u306f\u3001\u501f\u7528\u3059\u308b (\u53c2\u7167\u3092\u5f97\u308b) \u304b\u3001\u307e\u305f\u306f as_str \u30e1\u30bd\u30c3\u30c9\u3092\u4f7f\u7528\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n

let<\/span> s<\/span>:<\/span> String<\/span> =<\/span> String<\/span>::<\/span>from<\/span>(<\/span>\"str\"<\/span>);<\/span>\r\n\r\nlet<\/span> ss<\/span>:<\/span> &<\/span>str<\/span> =<\/span> &<\/span>s<\/span>;<\/span>\r\n\/\/ or<\/span>\r\nlet<\/span> ss<\/span>:<\/span> &<\/span>str<\/span> =<\/span> s<\/span>.as_str<\/span>();<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u203b\u8aac\u660e\u306e\u305f\u3081\u306b\u5909\u6570\u5168\u3066\u3067\u578b\u6307\u5b9a\u3092\u3057\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u304c\u3001String::from \u30e1\u30bd\u30c3\u30c9\u3084 as_str \u30e1\u30bd\u30c3\u30c9\u306f\u623b\u308a\u5024\u306e\u578b\u6307\u5b9a\u3092\u7701\u7565\u3067\u304d\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n
\u4ed6\u306b\u3082\u5909\u63db\u624b\u6bb5\u304c\u3042\u308a\u307e\u3059\u304c\u3001\u305d\u308c\u3089\u3092\u542b\u3081\u3066\u6587\u5b57\u5217 String \u304b\u3089\u6587\u5b57\u5217\u30b9\u30e9\u30a4\u30b9 str \u306b\u5909\u63db\u3055\u308c\u308b\u4ed5\u7d44\u307f\u306b\u3064\u3044\u3066\u307e\u3068\u3081\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n
\u6587\u5b57\u5217\u30b9\u30e9\u30a4\u30b9 str \u304b\u3089\u6587\u5b57\u5217 String \u3078\u306e\u5909\u63db\u306b\u3064\u3044\u3066\u306f\u5225\u8a18\u4e8b\u306b\u3057\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002<\/p>\n
\u53c2\u8003\u300c[Rust] \u6587\u5b57\u5217\u30b9\u30e9\u30a4\u30b9 str \u304b\u3089\u6587\u5b57\u5217 String \u3078\u306e\u5909\u63db\u3068\u305d\u306e\u4ed5\u7d44\u307f – Qiita\u300d<\/p>\n
1. \u6587\u5b57\u5217 String \u3092\u6587\u5b57\u5217\u30b9\u30e9\u30a4\u30b9 str \u306b\u5909\u63db\u3059\u308b 8 \u3064\u306e\u65b9\u6cd5<\/h1>\n
\u672c\u8a18\u4e8b\u3067\u306f\u4ee5\u4e0b\u306e\u30b3\u30fc\u30c9\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306a 8 \u3064\u306e\u5909\u63db\u65b9\u6cd5\u306b\u3064\u3044\u3066\u8aac\u660e\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n
\u203b\u672c\u8cea\u7684\u306b\u306f 3 \u3064\u306e\u5909\u63db (\u203b\u5f8c\u8ff0) \u306e\u7d44\u307f\u5408\u308f\u305b\u306b\u306a\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n
let<\/span> s<\/span>:<\/span> String<\/span> =<\/span> String<\/span>::<\/span>from<\/span>(<\/span>\"str\"<\/span>);<\/span>\r\n\r\nlet<\/span> ss<\/span>:<\/span> &<\/span>str<\/span> =<\/span> s<\/span>.as_str<\/span>();<\/span>\r\n\/\/ or<\/span>\r\nlet<\/span> ss<\/span>:<\/span> &<\/span>str<\/span> =<\/span> &<\/span>s<\/span>;<\/span>\r\n\/\/ or<\/span>\r\nuse<\/span> std<\/span>::<\/span>ops<\/span>::<\/span>Deref<\/span>;<\/span>\r\nlet<\/span> ss<\/span>:<\/span> &<\/span>str<\/span> =<\/span> s<\/span>.deref<\/span>();<\/span>\r\n\/\/ or<\/span>\r\nlet<\/span> ss<\/span>:<\/span> &<\/span>str<\/span> =<\/span> s<\/span>.as_ref<\/span>();<\/span>\r\n\/\/ or<\/span>\r\nlet<\/span> ss<\/span>:<\/span> &<\/span>str<\/span> =<\/span> &<\/span>s<\/span>[<\/span>..<\/span>];<\/span>\r\n\/\/ or<\/span>\r\nuse<\/span> std<\/span>::<\/span>ops<\/span>::<\/span>Index<\/span>;<\/span>\r\nlet<\/span> ss<\/span>:<\/span> &<\/span>str<\/span> =<\/span> s<\/span>.index<\/span>(<\/span>..<\/span>);<\/span>\r\n\/\/ or<\/span>\r\nuse<\/span> std<\/span>::<\/span>borrow<\/span>::<\/span>Borrow<\/span>;<\/span>\r\nlet<\/span> ss<\/span>:<\/span> &<\/span>str<\/span> =<\/span> s<\/span>.borrow<\/span>();<\/span>\r\n\/\/ or<\/span>\r\nuse<\/span> std<\/span>::<\/span>str<\/span>;<\/span>\r\nlet<\/span> ss<\/span>:<\/span> &<\/span>str<\/span> =<\/span> str<\/span>::<\/span>from_utf8<\/span>(<\/span>s<\/span>.as_bytes<\/span>())<\/span>.unwrap<\/span>();<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
1.1. UTF-8 \u30d0\u30a4\u30c8\u5217\u304b\u3089\u6587\u5b57\u5217\u30b9\u30e9\u30a4\u30b9 str \u306b\u5909\u63db<\/h2>\n
String \u578b\u304b\u3089\u5909\u63db\u3059\u308b\u524d\u306b\u3001\u307e\u305a\u306f UTF-8 \u30d0\u30a4\u30c8\u5217\u304b\u3089\u306e\u5909\u63db\u3092\u78ba\u8a8d\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n
use<\/span> std<\/span>::<\/span>str<\/span>;<\/span>\r\n\r\nlet<\/span> s<\/span>:<\/span> String<\/span> =<\/span> String<\/span>::<\/span>from<\/span>(<\/span>\"str\"<\/span>);<\/span>\r\n\r\nlet<\/span> bytes<\/span>:<\/span> &<\/span>[<\/span>u8<\/span>]<\/span> =<\/span> s<\/span>.as_bytes<\/span>();<\/span>\r\n\r\nlet<\/span> ss<\/span>:<\/span> &<\/span>str<\/span> =<\/span> str<\/span>::<\/span>from_utf8<\/span>(<\/span>bytes<\/span>)<\/span>.unwrap<\/span>();<\/span> \/\/ &[u8] -> &str<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u53c2\u8003\u300cfrom_utf8 in std::str – Rust\u300d<\/p>\n
1.2. Deref \u578b\u5f37\u5236\u306b\u3088\u308b\u5909\u63db<\/h2>\n
String \u578b\u306f Deref \u3092\u5b9f\u88c5\u3057\u3066\u304a\u308a\u3001\u53c2\u7167\u5916\u3057\u6642\u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b\u300cDeref \u578b\u5f37\u5236\u300d\u306b\u3088\u3063\u3066 &String \u578b\u304b\u3089 &str \u578b\u306b\u578b\u5f37\u5236\u3055\u308c\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n
let<\/span> s<\/span>:<\/span> String<\/span> =<\/span> String<\/span>::<\/span>from<\/span>(<\/span>\"str\"<\/span>);<\/span>\r\n\r\nlet<\/span> ss<\/span>:<\/span> &<\/span>str<\/span> =<\/span> &<\/span>s<\/span>;<\/span>\r\n\/\/ or<\/span>\r\nuse<\/span> std<\/span>::<\/span>ops<\/span>::<\/span>Deref<\/span>;<\/span>\r\nlet<\/span> ss<\/span>:<\/span> &<\/span>str<\/span> =<\/span> s<\/span>.deref<\/span>();<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
String \u578b\u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b Deref \u30c8\u30ec\u30a4\u30c8\u306e\u5b9f\u88c5\u306f\u4ee5\u4e0b\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306b\u306a\u3063\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n
pub<\/span> struct<\/span> String<\/span> {<\/span>\r\n    vec<\/span>:<\/span> Vec<\/span><<\/span>u8<\/span>><\/span>,<\/span>\r\n}<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
impl<\/span> ops<\/span>::<\/span>Deref<\/span> for<\/span> String<\/span> {<\/span>\r\n    type<\/span> Target<\/span> =<\/span> str<\/span>;<\/span>\r\n\r\n    #[inline]<\/span>\r\n    fn<\/span> deref<\/span>(<\/span>&<\/span>self<\/span>)<\/span> -><\/span> &<\/span>str<\/span> {<\/span>\r\n        unsafe<\/span> {<\/span> str<\/span>::<\/span>from_utf8_unchecked<\/span>(<\/span>&<\/span>self<\/span>.vec<\/span>)<\/span> }<\/span>\r\n    }<\/span>\r\n}<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u53c2\u8003\u300cDeref – String in std::string – Rust\u300d<\/p>\n
from_utf8_unchecked \u95a2\u6570\u306f from_utf8 \u95a2\u6570\u306e\u5b89\u5168\u3067\u306a\u3044\u7248\u3067\u3001\u6b63\u3057\u3044 UTF-8 \u30d0\u30a4\u30c8\u5217\u304b\u3069\u3046\u304b\u3092\u78ba\u8a8d\u305b\u305a\u306b\u6587\u5b57\u5217\u30b9\u30e9\u30a4\u30b9 str \u306b\u5909\u63db\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n
from_utf8_unchecked \u95a2\u6570\u306e\u5f15\u6570\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066 &Vec \u304b\u3089 &[u8] \u306b\u578b\u5f37\u5236\u3055\u308c\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n
\u53c2\u8003\u300cfrom_utf8_unchecked in std::str – Rust\u300d<\/p>\n
as_str \u30e1\u30bd\u30c3\u30c9\u3084 as_ref \u30e1\u30bd\u30c3\u30c9\u306f\u3001\u4e2d\u3067 Deref \u578b\u5f37\u5236\u3092\u884c\u3063\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3060\u3051\u3067\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n
impl<\/span> String<\/span> {<\/span>\r\n    \/\/ ...<\/span>\r\n    pub<\/span> fn<\/span> as_str<\/span>(<\/span>&<\/span>self<\/span>)<\/span> -><\/span> &<\/span>str<\/span> {<\/span>\r\n        self<\/span>\r\n    }<\/span>\r\n    \/\/ ...<\/span>\r\n}<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
impl<\/span> AsRef<\/span><<\/span>str<\/span>><\/span> for<\/span> String<\/span> {<\/span>\r\n    #[inline]<\/span>\r\n    fn<\/span> as_ref<\/span>(<\/span>&<\/span>self<\/span>)<\/span> -><\/span> &<\/span>str<\/span> {<\/span>\r\n        self<\/span>\r\n    }<\/span>\r\n}<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u53c2\u8003\u300cas_str – String in std::string – Rust\u300d
\n\u53c2\u8003\u300cAsRef – String in std::string – Rust\u300d<\/p>\n
1.3. \u30a4\u30f3\u30c7\u30c3\u30af\u30b9\u64cd\u4f5c\u306b\u3088\u308b\u5909\u63db<\/h2>\n
String \u578b\u3067\u306f\u30a4\u30f3\u30c7\u30c3\u30af\u30b9\u64cd\u4f5c\u3092\u53ef\u80fd\u306b\u3059\u308b\u305f\u3081\u306b Index \u30c8\u30ec\u30a4\u30c8\u3092\u5b9f\u88c5\u3057\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n
\u307e\u305f\u3001\u30a4\u30f3\u30c7\u30c3\u30af\u30b9\u5024\u306b\u7bc4\u56f2\u5883\u754c\u3092\u4f7f\u7528\u3067\u304d\u308b\u3088\u3046\u306b\u306a\u3063\u3066\u3044\u3066\u3001\u7bc4\u56f2 .. \u3059\u306a\u308f\u3061 RangeFull \u306b\u95a2\u3057\u3066\u4ee5\u4e0b\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306b\u5b9f\u88c5\u3057\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n
impl<\/span> ops<\/span>::<\/span>Index<\/span><<\/span>ops<\/span>::<\/span>RangeFull<\/span>><\/span> for<\/span> String<\/span> {<\/span>\r\n    type<\/span> Output<\/span> =<\/span> str<\/span>;<\/span>\r\n\r\n    #[inline]<\/span>\r\n    fn<\/span> index<\/span>(<\/span>&<\/span>self<\/span>,<\/span> _<\/span>index<\/span>:<\/span> ops<\/span>::<\/span>RangeFull<\/span>)<\/span> -><\/span> &<\/span>str<\/span> {<\/span>\r\n        unsafe<\/span> {<\/span> str<\/span>::<\/span>from_utf8_unchecked<\/span>(<\/span>&<\/span>self<\/span>.vec<\/span>)<\/span> }<\/span>\r\n    }<\/span>\r\n}<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u51e6\u7406\u5185\u5bb9\u306f String \u578b\u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b Deref \u30c8\u30ec\u30a4\u30c8\u306e\u5b9f\u88c5\u3068\u540c\u3058\u3067\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n
\u53c2\u8003\u300cIndex – String in std::string – Rust\u300d
\n\u53c2\u8003\u300cRangeBounds in std::ops – Rust\u300d(\u300c\u7bc4\u56f2\u5883\u754c\u300d)
\n\u53c2\u8003\u300cIndex in std::ops – Rust\u300d<\/p>\n
\u3088\u3063\u3066\u3001\u5168\u7bc4\u56f2\u30a4\u30f3\u30c7\u30c3\u30af\u30b9\u306b\u3088\u3063\u3066\u4ee5\u4e0b\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306b\u6587\u5b57\u5217 String \u304b\u3089\u6587\u5b57\u5217\u30b9\u30e9\u30a4\u30b9 str \u306b\u5909\u63db\u3067\u304d\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n
let<\/span> s<\/span>:<\/span> String<\/span> =<\/span> String<\/span>::<\/span>from<\/span>(<\/span>\"str\"<\/span>);<\/span>\r\n\r\nlet<\/span> ss<\/span>:<\/span> &<\/span>str<\/span> =<\/span> &<\/span>s<\/span>[<\/span>..<\/span>];<\/span>\r\n\/\/ or<\/span>\r\nuse<\/span> std<\/span>::<\/span>ops<\/span>::<\/span>Index<\/span>;<\/span>\r\nlet<\/span> ss<\/span>:<\/span> &<\/span>str<\/span> =<\/span> s<\/span>.index<\/span>(<\/span>..<\/span>);<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
borrow \u30e1\u30bd\u30c3\u30c9\u306f\u3001\u4e2d\u3067\u30a4\u30f3\u30c7\u30c3\u30af\u30b9\u64cd\u4f5c\u3092\u884c\u3063\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3060\u3051\u3067\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n
impl<\/span> Borrow<\/span><<\/span>str<\/span>><\/span> for<\/span> String<\/span> {<\/span>\r\n    #[inline]<\/span>\r\n    fn<\/span> borrow<\/span>(<\/span>&<\/span>self<\/span>)<\/span> -><\/span> &<\/span>str<\/span> {<\/span>\r\n        &<\/span>self<\/span>[<\/span>..<\/span>]<\/span>\r\n    }<\/span>\r\n}<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u53c2\u8003\u300cBorrow – String in std::string – Rust\u300d<\/p>\n
\u3061\u306a\u307f\u306b Rust \u3067\u6587\u5b57\u5217\u3092\u305d\u306e\u307e\u307e\u3092\u30a4\u30f3\u30c7\u30c3\u30af\u30b9\u3067\u64cd\u4f5c\u3059\u308b\u3068\u3001Unicode \u306e\u6587\u5b57\u5358\u4f4d\u3067\u306f\u306a\u304f UTF-8 \u306e\u30d0\u30a4\u30c8\u5358\u4f4d\u306e\u64cd\u4f5c\u306b\u306a\u308b\u305f\u3081\u3001\u6ce8\u610f\u304c\u5fc5\u8981\u3067\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n
2. \u5b9f\u969b\u306b\u306f\u3069\u306e\u65b9\u6cd5\u3092\u4f7f\u3046\u304b\uff1f<\/h1>\n
\u5b9f\u8cea\u884c\u3063\u3066\u3044\u308b\u51e6\u7406\u306f\u3069\u308c\u3082\u540c\u3058\u3067\u3059\u304c\u3001\u53ef\u8aad\u6027\u3092\u8003\u3048\u308b\u3068 &s \u3067\u578b\u6307\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u304b s.as_str() \u304c\u826f\u3044\u3068\u601d\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n
\u203b &s \u306b\u95a2\u3057\u3066\u306f\u623b\u308a\u5024\u306e\u578b\u6307\u5b9a\u5fc5\u9808\u3002<\/p>\n
&s \u3068\u7570\u306a\u308a\u3001\u5168\u7bc4\u56f2\u30a4\u30f3\u30c7\u30c3\u30af\u30b9\u306e\u6307\u5b9a\u306b\u3088\u3063\u3066\u660e\u793a\u7684\u306b &str \u578b\u306b\u5909\u63db\u3059\u308b &s[..] \u3092\u4f7f\u7528\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3082\u8003\u3048\u3089\u308c\u307e\u3059\u3002
\n\u5909\u6570\u675f\u7e1b\u305b\u305a\u306b\u5024\u3092\u6bd4\u8f03\u3057\u305f\u308a\u3059\u308b\u5834\u5408\u306b\u306f &s[..] \u304c\u4fbf\u5229\u304b\u3082\u3057\u308c\u307e\u305b\u3093\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Rust \u3067\u6587\u5b57\u5217 String \u3092\u6587\u5b57\u5217\u30b9\u30e9\u30a4\u30b9 str \u306b\u5909\u63db\u3059\u308b\u306b\u306f\u3001\u501f\u7528\u3059\u308b (\u53c2\u7167\u3092\u5f97\u308b) \u304b\u3001\u307e\u305f […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":7,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-45592","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-uncategorized"],"yoast_head":"\n- Blog - Silicon Cloud<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.silicloud.com\/zh\/blog\/45592-2\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"zh_CN\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Rust \u3067\u6587\u5b57\u5217 String \u3092\u6587\u5b57\u5217\u30b9\u30e9\u30a4\u30b9 str \u306b\u5909\u63db\u3059\u308b\u306b\u306f\u3001\u501f\u7528\u3059\u308b (\u53c2\u7167\u3092\u5f97\u308b) \u304b\u3001\u307e\u305f […]\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/www.silicloud.com\/zh\/blog\/45592-2\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Blog - 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