{"id":45295,"date":"2023-05-24T06:16:03","date_gmt":"2022-12-04T05:26:01","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.silicloud.com\/zh\/blog\/45295-2\/"},"modified":"2024-04-30T05:44:28","modified_gmt":"2024-04-29T21:44:28","slug":"45295-2","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.silicloud.com\/zh\/blog\/45295-2\/","title":{"rendered":""},"content":{"rendered":"

\u300c\u4f8b\u5916\u3092\u6295\u3052\u306a\u3044\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u3092\u3068\u308b\u8a00\u8a9e<\/p>\n

\u3068\u3044\u3046\u8a18\u4e8b\u304c\u30c8\u30ec\u30f3\u30c9\u306b\u4e57\u3063\u3066\u305f\u306e\u3067\u30fb\u30fb<\/p>\n

Rust\u306a\u306e\u304b\uff1fRust\u306a\u306e\u304b\u3044\uff1f<\/p>\n

\u3063\u3066\u601d\u3063\u3066\u958b\u3044\u3066\u307f\u305f\u6240\u30fb\u30fb\u30fb<\/p>\n

ok<\/span>,<\/span> err<\/span> :=<\/span> foo<\/span>()<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u3063\u3066\u3084\u3063\u305f\u5834\u5408\u3068<\/p>\n
val<\/span>,<\/span> ok<\/span> :=<\/span> bar<\/span>[<\/span>\"key\"<\/span>]<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u307f\u305f\u3044\u306b\u3084\u3063\u305f\u6642\u306b\u4f55\u304cok\u306a\u3093\u3060\u304b\u3088\u304f\u308f\u304b\u3093\u306a\u304f\u306a\u308b\u65b9\u306e\u8a00\u8a9e\u3067\u3057\u305f\u3002
\n\u3044\u3084\u3001\u4f7f\u3044\u65b9\u304c\u60aa\u3044\u3093\u3067\u3057\u3087\u3046\u3051\u3069\u3002
\n\u6700\u521d\u3001if val, ok := bar[“key”]; ok{ …\u307f\u305f\u3044\u306a\u30b3\u30fc\u30c9\u898b\u3066\u6df7\u4e71\u3057\u305f\u899a\u3048\u304c\u3042\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002key\u304c\u3042\u308c\u3070\u5024\u304c\u5165\u308b\u3057\u3001key\u304c\u306a\u3044\u3068false\u304c\u8fd4\u3063\u3066\u304f\u308b\u3002\u3061\u3087\u3063\u3068\u6c17\u6301\u3061\u60aa\u3044\u3002<\/p>\n
\u3063\u3066\u3054\u3081\u3093\u306a\u3055\u3044\u3002Go\u3082\u597d\u304d\u3067\u3059\u3002dis\u3063\u3066\u306a\u3044\u3067\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n
Rust\u306e\u5834\u5408<\/h2>\n
\u3067\u3001\u81ea\u5206\u7684\u306b\u300c\u4f8b\u5916\u3092\u6295\u3052\u306a\u3044\u300d\u3067\u30d4\u30f3\u3068\u6765\u305f\u65b9\u304c\u3053\u3061\u3089\u3002
\nRust\u521d\u5fc3\u8005\u306a\u306e\u3067\u3059\u304c\u751f\u610f\u6c17\u306b\u3059\u3044\u307e\u305b\u3093\u3002
\nRust\u3082\u4f8b\u5916\u306e\u306a\u3044\u8a00\u8a9e\u3067\u3059\u3002
\n\u4ed5\u69d8\u7684\u306b\u306fGo\u306b\u8fd1\u304f\u3066\u591a\u5024\u8fd4\u5374\u3067\u306f\u3042\u308b\u3093\u3067\u3059\u304c\u3001\u305d\u306e\u591a\u5024\u3092\u53d7\u3051\u53d6\u308b\u578b\u304c\u7528\u610f\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002
\n\u5931\u6557\u3059\u308b\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\u306e\u3042\u308b\u95a2\u6570\u3060\u3068\u3059\u3093\u306a\u308a\u3068String\u578b\u3068\u304b\u3092\u8fd4\u5374\u3059\u308b\u4e8b\u306f\u306a\u304f\u3066\u3001\u305d\u306eString\u3092\u306a\u3093\u3089\u304b\u306e\u5f62\u3067wrap\u3057\u3066\u8fd4\u3059\u3002
\n\u306a\u306e\u3067\u53d7\u3051\u53d6\u3063\u305fString\u3092\u4f7f\u3044\u305f\u304b\u3063\u305f\u3089\u305d\u306e\u306a\u3093\u3089\u304b\u306e\u5f62\u304b\u3089\u53d6\u308a\u51fa\u3057\u3066\u4f7f\u3046\u3057\u304b\u306a\u3044\u3002<\/p>\n
Rust\u306e\u30a8\u30e9\u30fc\u30cf\u30f3\u30c9\u30ea\u30f3\u30b0
\nhttps:\/\/doc.rust-jp.rs\/the-rust-programming-language-ja\/1.6\/book\/error-handling.html<\/p>\n
Result\u578b<\/h3>\n
\u3053\u3046\u3044\u3046\u611f\u3058\u306e\u5217\u6319\u578b\u3067\u3059<\/p>\n
pub<\/span> enum<\/span> Result<\/span><<\/span>T<\/span>,<\/span> E<\/span>><\/span> {<\/span>\r\n    Ok<\/span>(<\/span>T<\/span>),<\/span>\r\n    Err<\/span>(<\/span>E<\/span>),<\/span>\r\n}<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u4f8b\u3048\u3070\u30d5\u30a1\u30a4\u30eb\u3092\u958b\u304fstd::fs::File::open \u306f\u958b\u3053\u3046\u3068\u601d\u3063\u305f\u30d5\u30a1\u30a4\u30eb\u306e\u5b58\u5728\u3084\u3089\u6a29\u9650\u3084\u3089\u306b\u3088\u3063\u3066\u306f\u5931\u6557\u3059\u308b\u95a2\u6570\u3067\u3059\u3002
\n\u30b7\u30f3\u30d7\u30eb\u306b\u958b\u304f\u3060\u3051\u306e\u4f8b\u3060\u3068\u3053\u3093\u306a\u611f\u3058\u3067\u3059\u3002\u958b\u3053\u3046\u3068\u3059\u308b\u3068Result\u306eenum\u304c\u8fd4\u5374\u3055\u308c\u308b\u306e\u3067\u3001Ok\u306e\u30d1\u30bf\u30fc\u30f3\u3068Err\u306e\u30d1\u30bf\u30fc\u30f3\u306b\u5bfe\u5fdc\u3067\u304d\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n
use<\/span> std<\/span>::<\/span>fs<\/span>;<\/span>\r\n\r\nfn<\/span> main<\/span>()<\/span> {<\/span>\r\n    \/\/returns `io::Result<File>`<\/span>\r\n    match<\/span> fs<\/span>::<\/span>File<\/span>::<\/span>open<\/span>(<\/span>\"foo.txt\"<\/span>)<\/span> {<\/span>\r\n        Ok<\/span>(<\/span>_<\/span>f<\/span>)<\/span> =><\/span> println!<\/span>(<\/span>\"opened foo.txt \"<\/span>),<\/span>\r\n        Err<\/span>(<\/span>_<\/span>e<\/span>)<\/span> =><\/span> panic!<\/span>(<\/span>\"couldn't open foo.txt \"<\/span>),<\/span>\r\n    }<\/span>\r\n}<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
Option\u578b<\/h3>\n
Some\u3063\u3066\u306a\u3093\u3084\u306d\u3093\u3002\u5224\u308a\u3065\u3089\u3044\u3002\u3002
\n\u6b63\u5e38\u306a\u5024\u304c\u5b58\u5728\u3059\u308c\u3070std::option::Option::Some \u3092\u4ecb\u3057\u3066\u53d6\u308a\u51fa\u305b\u308b\u3063\u3066\u8003\u3048\u3066\u308c\u3070\u3044\u3044\u3093\u3060\u3068\u601d\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n
pub<\/span> enum<\/span> Option<\/span><<\/span>T<\/span>><\/span> {<\/span>\r\n    None<\/span>,<\/span>\r\n    Some<\/span>(<\/span>T<\/span>),<\/span>\r\n}<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u4f8b\u3048\u3070\u3001\u3053\u3093\u306a\u611f\u3058\u3067\u30bc\u30ed\u9664\u7b97\u3059\u308b\u3068None\u306e\u5024\u304c\u8fd4\u3063\u3066\u3001\u305d\u308c\u5411\u3051\u306b\u66f8\u3044\u305f\u51e6\u7406\u304c\u5b9f\u884c\u3055\u308c\u307e\u3059\u3002
\n\u6b63\u5e38\u306b\u5272\u308a\u5207\u308c\u305f\u3082\u306e\u306f\u5f53\u7136\u6b63\u5e38\u306a\u51e6\u7406\u304c\u5b9f\u884c\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n
\/\/ An integer division that doesn't `panic!`<\/span>\r\nfn<\/span> checked_division<\/span>(<\/span>dividend<\/span>:<\/span> i32<\/span>,<\/span> divisor<\/span>:<\/span> i32<\/span>)<\/span> -><\/span> Option<\/span><<\/span>i32<\/span>><\/span> {<\/span>\r\n    if<\/span> divisor<\/span> ==<\/span> 0<\/span> {<\/span>\r\n        \/\/ Failure is represented as the `None` variant<\/span>\r\n        None<\/span>\r\n    }<\/span> else<\/span> {<\/span>\r\n        \/\/ Result is wrapped in a `Some` variant<\/span>\r\n        Some<\/span>(<\/span>dividend<\/span> \/<\/span> divisor<\/span>)<\/span>\r\n    }<\/span>\r\n}<\/span>\r\n\r\n\/\/ This function handles a division that may not succeed<\/span>\r\nfn<\/span> try_division<\/span>(<\/span>dividend<\/span>:<\/span> i32<\/span>,<\/span> divisor<\/span>:<\/span> i32<\/span>)<\/span> {<\/span>\r\n    \/\/ `Option` values can be pattern matched, just like other enums<\/span>\r\n    match<\/span> checked_division<\/span>(<\/span>dividend<\/span>,<\/span> divisor<\/span>)<\/span> {<\/span>\r\n        None<\/span> =><\/span> println!<\/span>(<\/span>\"{} \/ {} failed!\"<\/span>,<\/span> dividend<\/span>,<\/span> divisor<\/span>),<\/span>\r\n        Some<\/span>(<\/span>quotient<\/span>)<\/span> =><\/span> {<\/span>\r\n            println!<\/span>(<\/span>\"{} \/ {} = {}\"<\/span>,<\/span> dividend<\/span>,<\/span> divisor<\/span>,<\/span> quotient<\/span>)<\/span>\r\n        },<\/span>\r\n    }<\/span>\r\n}<\/span>\r\n\r\nfn<\/span> main<\/span>()<\/span> {<\/span>\r\n    try_division<\/span>(<\/span>4<\/span>,<\/span> 2<\/span>);<\/span>\r\n    try_division<\/span>(<\/span>1<\/span>,<\/span> 0<\/span>);<\/span>\r\n}<\/span>\r\n\r\n\/\/https:\/\/doc.rust-lang.org\/rust-by-example\/std\/option.html<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u5b9f\u884c\u3059\u308b\u3068\u3053\u3093\u306a\u611f\u3058\u306b\u3002<\/p>\n
$<\/span> cargo<\/span> run<\/span>\r\n    Finished<\/span> dev<\/span> [<\/span>unoptimized<\/span> +<\/span> debuginfo<\/span>]<\/span> target<\/span>(<\/span>s<\/span>)<\/span> in<\/span> 0.00<\/span>s<\/span>\r\n     Running<\/span> `<\/span>target<\/span>\/<\/span>debug<\/span>\/<\/span>rusttest<\/span>`<\/span>\r\n4<\/span> \/<\/span> 2<\/span> =<\/span> 2<\/span>\r\n1<\/span> \/<\/span> 0<\/span> failed!<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u3053\u3093\u306a\u611f\u3058\u3067\u3044\u3061\u3044\u3061\u5024\u304cwrap\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3002
\n\u3061\u306a\u307f\u306b\u3053\u3046\u3044\u3046\u611f\u3058\u3067wrap\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3066\u3082unwrap\u3068\u304b\u4f7f\u3046\u3068\u7c21\u5358\u306b\u53d6\u308a\u51fa\u3059\u4e8b\u306f\u3067\u304d\u308b\u3002
\n\u30a2\u30f3\u30c1\u30d1\u30bf\u30fc\u30f3\u306b\u306a\u308a\u304c\u3061\u3060\u3051\u3069\u3001\u3042\u3063\u3055\u308a\u66f8\u3044\u3066\u3082\u3044\u3044\u5834\u6240\u306b\u306f\u4f7f\u3048\u308b\u3002
\nexpect \u3067\u305d\u306e\u307e\u307epanic\u306b\u3057\u3061\u3083\u3063\u305f\u308a\u3082\u3067\u304d\u308b\u3002
\nhttps:\/\/doc.rust-lang.org\/std\/option\/enum.Option.html#method.unwrap<\/p>\n
let<\/span> x<\/span> =<\/span> Some<\/span>(<\/span>\"air\"<\/span>);<\/span>\r\nprintln!<\/span>(<\/span>\"{}\"<\/span>,<\/span> x<\/span>.unwrap<\/span>());<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
std::collections::HashMap.get()<\/h4>\n
HashMap\u3067get\u3057\u305f\u3068\u304d\u3082Option\u304c\u8fd4\u3063\u3066\u304d\u307e\u3059\u3002
\nunwrap()\u3057\u3061\u3083\u3046\u3068\u3053\u3093\u306a\u611f\u3058\u3002<\/p>\n
use<\/span> std<\/span>::<\/span>collections<\/span>::<\/span>HashMap<\/span>;<\/span>\r\n\r\nfn<\/span> main<\/span>(){<\/span>\r\n    let<\/span> mut<\/span> map<\/span> =<\/span> HashMap<\/span>::<\/span>new<\/span>();<\/span>\r\n    map<\/span>.insert<\/span>(<\/span>\"foo\"<\/span>,<\/span> \"bar\"<\/span>);<\/span>\r\n\r\n    println!<\/span>(<\/span>\"value is {}\"<\/span>,<\/span>map<\/span>.get<\/span>(<\/span>&<\/span>\"foo\"<\/span>)<\/span>.unwrap<\/span>());<\/span>\r\n}<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
Rust\u3084\u3084\u3053\u3057\u3044<\/h2>\n
Rust\u306e 3\u5927\u3084\u3084\u3053\u3057\u3044 \u306e\u3046\u3061\u306e\u4e00\u3064\u304c\u3053\u306e\u30a8\u30e9\u30fc\u51e6\u7406\u306a\u306e\u3067\u306f\u306a\u304b\u308d\u3046\u304b\u3002
\n\u4ed6\u306e\u8a00\u8a9e\u3067\u305c\u3093\u305c\u3093\u99b4\u67d3\u307f\u306a\u3044\u3057\u3002
\n\u3067\u3082\u30d7\u30ed\u30b0\u30e9\u30de\u304c\u30a8\u30e9\u30fc\u3092\u5f37\u5236\u7684\u306b\u610f\u8b58\u3057\u3066\u66f8\u304b\u306a\u304f\u3066\u306f\u3044\u3051\u306a\u3044\u3063\u3066\u306e\u306f\u5b89\u5168\u306a\u30b3\u30fc\u30c9\u306b\u3064\u306a\u304c\u308b\u3057\u3001Rust\u306e\u601d\u60f3\u306a\u3093\u3060\u3068\u601d\u3046\u3002<\/p>\n
\u88dc\u8db3<\/h2>\n
\u4f8b\u5916\u306f\u306a\u3044\u3051\u3069\u3001Drop\u30c8\u30ec\u30a4\u30c8\u3063\u3066\u3044\u3046\u30c7\u30b9\u30c8\u30e9\u30af\u30bf\u306f\u3042\u308b\u307f\u305f\u3044\u3067\u3059\u3002try~catch\u7684\u306a\u4e8b\u3082\u3067\u304d\u308b\u304b\u3082\u3057\u308c\u306a\u3044\u3067\u3059\u3002\u539f\u5247\u3068\u3057\u3066\u5f8c\u59cb\u672b\u7528\u306a\u3093\u3060\u3068\u601d\u3044\u307e\u3059\u304c\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
\u300c\u4f8b\u5916\u3092\u6295\u3052\u306a\u3044\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u3092\u3068\u308b\u8a00\u8a9e \u3068\u3044\u3046\u8a18\u4e8b\u304c\u30c8\u30ec\u30f3\u30c9\u306b\u4e57\u3063\u3066\u305f\u306e\u3067\u30fb\u30fb Rust\u306a\u306e\u304b\uff1fRust\u306a\u306e […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-45295","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-uncategorized"],"yoast_head":"\n- Blog - Silicon Cloud<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.silicloud.com\/zh\/blog\/45295-2\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"zh_CN\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"\u300c\u4f8b\u5916\u3092\u6295\u3052\u306a\u3044\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u3092\u3068\u308b\u8a00\u8a9e \u3068\u3044\u3046\u8a18\u4e8b\u304c\u30c8\u30ec\u30f3\u30c9\u306b\u4e57\u3063\u3066\u305f\u306e\u3067\u30fb\u30fb Rust\u306a\u306e\u304b\uff1fRust\u306a\u306e […]\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/www.silicloud.com\/zh\/blog\/45295-2\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Blog - 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