{"id":45193,"date":"2023-11-30T20:31:55","date_gmt":"2023-02-20T21:06:02","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.silicloud.com\/zh\/blog\/45193-2\/"},"modified":"2024-05-04T11:32:32","modified_gmt":"2024-05-04T03:32:32","slug":"45193-2","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.silicloud.com\/zh\/blog\/45193-2\/","title":{"rendered":""},"content":{"rendered":"

\u6587\u6cd5<\/h1>\n

\u5909\u6570\u5ba3\u8a00<\/h2>\n
let<\/span> x<\/span> :<\/span> i32<\/span> =<\/span> 1<\/span>;<\/span>\r\nlet<\/span> y<\/span> =<\/span> 1<\/span>;<\/span> \/\/ \u578b\u63a8\u8ad6<\/span>\r\nlet<\/span> mut<\/span> z<\/span> =<\/span> 1<\/span>;<\/span> \/\/ \u5909\u66f4\u53ef\u80fd\u306a\u5024<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
const<\/span> int<\/span> x<\/span> =<\/span> 1<\/span>;<\/span>\r\nconst<\/span> auto<\/span> y<\/span> =<\/span> 1<\/span>;<\/span>\r\nint<\/span> z<\/span> =<\/span> 1<\/span>;<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
Rust\u306emut\u3068C++\u306e\u975econst\u306f\u307b\u307c\u540c\u3058\u610f\u5473\u3092\u3082\u3064\u3002<\/p>\n
\u53c2\u7167<\/h2>\n
let<\/span> x<\/span> :<\/span> i32<\/span> =<\/span> 1<\/span>;<\/span>\r\nlet<\/span> y<\/span> :<\/span> &<\/span>i32<\/span> =<\/span> &<\/span>x<\/span>;<\/span>\r\nlet<\/span> z<\/span> :<\/span> &&<\/span>i32<\/span> =<\/span> &&<\/span>x<\/span>;<\/span>\r\nlet<\/span> zz<\/span> :<\/span> &<\/span>i32<\/span> =<\/span> &&<\/span>x<\/span>;<\/span> \/\/ \u53c2\u7167\u306e\u53c2\u7167\u306f\u53c2\u7167\u306b\u6f70\u3059\u3053\u3068\u304c\u3067\u304d\u308b (Deref \u306e\u578b\u5f37\u5236)<\/span>\r\nassert_eq!<\/span>(<\/span>x<\/span>,<\/span> *<\/span>y<\/span>);<\/span> \/\/ \u53c2\u7167\u306e\u89e3\u6c7a<\/span>\r\nassert_eq!<\/span>(<\/span>x<\/span>,<\/span> **<\/span>zz<\/span>);<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
const<\/span> int<\/span> x<\/span> =<\/span> 1<\/span>;<\/span>\r\nconst<\/span> int<\/span>&<\/span> y<\/span> =<\/span> x<\/span>;<\/span>\r\nconst<\/span> int<\/span>&<\/span> z<\/span> =<\/span> y<\/span>;<\/span> \/\/ \u53c2\u7167\u306e\u53c2\u7167\u306f\u53c2\u7167<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
C++\u3067\u306fT\u3068T&\u3068\u3067\u4e92\u3044\u306b\u6697\u9ed9\u306e\u578b\u5909\u63db\u304c\u767a\u751f\u3059\u308b\u304c,
\nRust\u3067\u306f& : T -> &T\u3068 * : &T -> T\u3067\u660e\u793a\u7684\u306b\u5909\u63db\u3059\u308b\u5fc5\u8981\u304c\u3042\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n
\u53c2\u7167\u5148\u304c\u5909\u66f4\u53ef\u80fd\u306a\u53c2\u7167<\/h2>\n
let<\/span> x<\/span> :<\/span> i32<\/span> =<\/span> 1<\/span>;<\/span>\r\n{<\/span>\r\n    let<\/span> y<\/span> :<\/span> &<\/span>mut<\/span> i32<\/span> =<\/span> &<\/span>mut<\/span> x<\/span>;<\/span> \/\/ &mut: T -> &mut T<\/span>\r\n    *<\/span>y<\/span> =<\/span> 5<\/span>;<\/span>\r\n}<\/span>\r\nassert_eq!<\/span>(<\/span>x<\/span>,<\/span> 5<\/span>);<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
int<\/span> x<\/span> =<\/span> 1<\/span>;<\/span>\r\n{<\/span>\r\n    int<\/span>&<\/span> y<\/span> =<\/span> x<\/span>;<\/span>\r\n    y<\/span> =<\/span> 5<\/span>;<\/span>\r\n}<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
&mut\u53c2\u7167\u306f, \u53c2\u7167\u5148\u306e\u5024\u3092\u5909\u66f4\u3067\u304d\u308b<\/p>\n
mut\u53c2\u7167\u306e\u5236\u9650<\/h3>\n
let<\/span> mut<\/span> x<\/span> :<\/span> i32<\/span> =<\/span> 1<\/span>;<\/span>\r\nlet<\/span> y<\/span> :<\/span> &<\/span>i32<\/span> =<\/span> &<\/span>x<\/span>;<\/span> \/\/ OK<\/span>\r\nlet<\/span> z<\/span> :<\/span> &<\/span>i32<\/span> =<\/span> &<\/span>x<\/span>;<\/span> \/\/ OK<\/span>\r\n\/\/ let w : &mut i32 = &mut x \/\/ NG<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
Rust\u3067\u306f\u3042\u308b\u5024(T)\u306b\u3059\u3067\u306b\u53c2\u7167(&T)\u307e\u305f\u306fmut\u53c2\u7167(&mut T)\u304c\u3042\u308b\u6642,
\n\u65b0\u3057\u304fmut\u53c2\u7167(&mut T)\u306f\u4f5c\u308c\u306a\u3044\u3002<\/p>\n
\u3053\u308c\u306f\u4e3b\u306b\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u30ec\u30fc\u30b9\u3092\u9632\u3050\u305f\u3081\u3002<\/p>\n
\u95a2\u6570\u5ba3\u8a00<\/h2>\n
fn<\/span> plus<\/span>(<\/span>x<\/span> :<\/span> i32<\/span>,<\/span> y<\/span> :<\/span> i32<\/span>)<\/span> -><\/span> i32<\/span> {<\/span>\r\n    x<\/span> +<\/span> y<\/span> \/\/ \u5f0f\u306e\u7d50\u679c\u3092\u8fd4\u3059\u5834\u5408 ; \u3092\u3064\u3051\u306a\u3044\u3002 \u3064\u3051\u308b\u3068 () \u3092\u8fd4\u3059<\/span>\r\n}<\/span>\r\n\r\nfn<\/span> say_hello<\/span>()<\/span> {<\/span> \/\/ \u7701\u7565\u3059\u308b\u3068\u8fd4\u308a\u5024\u306f ()<\/span>\r\n    println!<\/span>(<\/span>\"hello\"<\/span>);<\/span>\r\n}<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\/\/c++<\/span>\r\ni32<\/span> plus<\/span>(<\/span>int<\/span> x<\/span>,<\/span> int<\/span> y<\/span>)<\/span> {<\/span>\r\n    return<\/span> x<\/span> +<\/span> y<\/span>;<\/span>\r\n}<\/span>\r\n\r\nvoid<\/span> say_hello<\/span>()<\/span> {<\/span>\r\n    std<\/span>::<\/span>cout<\/span> <<<\/span> \"hello\"<\/span> <<<\/span> std<\/span>::<\/span>endl<\/span>;<\/span>\r\n}<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
Hello, world<\/h2>\n
fn<\/span> main<\/span>()<\/span> {<\/span>\r\n    println!<\/span>(<\/span>\"Hello, world\"<\/span>);<\/span>\r\n}<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
#include <iostream>\r\n<\/span>int<\/span> main<\/span>()<\/span> {<\/span>\r\n    std<\/span>::<\/span>cout<\/span><<<\/span> \"Hello, world\"<\/span> <<<\/span> std<\/span>::<\/span>endl<\/span>;<\/span>\r\n}<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u5236\u5fa1\u69cb\u9020<\/h2>\n
if \/ if let<\/h3>\n
let<\/span> res<\/span> =<\/span> if<\/span> x<\/span> ==<\/span> 3<\/span> {<\/span>\r\n    -<\/span>3<\/span>\r\n}<\/span> else<\/span> if<\/span> x<\/span> ==<\/span> 2<\/span> {<\/span>\r\n    -<\/span>2<\/span>\r\n}<\/span> else<\/span> {<\/span>\r\n    0<\/span>\r\n}<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
int<\/span> res<\/span>;<\/span>\r\nif<\/span> (<\/span>x<\/span> ==<\/span> 3<\/span>)<\/span> {<\/span>\r\n    res<\/span> =<\/span> -<\/span>3<\/span>;<\/span>\r\n}<\/span> else<\/span> if<\/span> (<\/span>x<\/span> ==<\/span> 2<\/span>)<\/span> {<\/span>\r\n    res<\/span> =<\/span> -<\/span>2<\/span>;<\/span>\r\n}<\/span> else<\/span> {<\/span>\r\n    res<\/span> =<\/span> 0<\/span>;<\/span>\r\n}<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u30d1\u30bf\u30fc\u30f3\u30de\u30c3\u30c1\u306b\u6210\u529f\u3059\u308b\u6642\u30d6\u30ed\u30c3\u30af\u3092\u5b9f\u884c<\/h4>\n
let<\/span> x<\/span> =<\/span> Some<\/span>(<\/span>3<\/span>);<\/span>\r\nif<\/span> let<\/span> Some<\/span>(<\/span>v<\/span>)<\/span> =<\/span> x<\/span> {<\/span>\r\n    assert_eq!<\/span>(<\/span>v<\/span>,<\/span> 3<\/span>);<\/span>\r\n}<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u306a\u3044<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
Rust\u306b\u3057\u304b\u306a\u3044\u3084\u3064\u3002Go\u3068\u304b\u306b\u3042\u308b\u6761\u4ef6\u5f0f\u524d\u675f\u7e1b\u3068\u306f\u7570\u306a\u308b<\/p>\n
while \/ while let<\/h3>\n
let<\/span> mut<\/span> x<\/span> =<\/span> 5<\/span>;<\/span>\r\nwhile<\/span> x<\/span> !=<\/span> 0<\/span> {<\/span>\r\n    x<\/span> -=<\/span> 1<\/span>;<\/span> \/\/ \u30c7\u30af\u30ea\u30e1\u30f3\u30c8\u306f\u306a\u3044<\/span>\r\n}<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
int<\/span> x<\/span> =<\/span> 5<\/span>\r\nwhile<\/span> (<\/span>x<\/span> !=<\/span> 3<\/span>)<\/span> {<\/span>\r\n    x<\/span>--<\/span>;<\/span>\r\n}<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
while<\/span> if<\/span> Some<\/span>(<\/span>v<\/span>)<\/span> =<\/span> x<\/span> {<\/span>\r\n\r\n}<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u306a\u3044<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u7121\u9650\u30eb\u30fc\u30d7<\/h3>\n
loop<\/span> {<\/span>\r\n}<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
while<\/span> (<\/span>true<\/span>)<\/span> {<\/span>\r\n}<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u578b<\/h1>\n
\u57fa\u672c\u578b<\/h2>\n
\n
\u5099\u8003RustC++\u6574\u6570\u578bi8<\/code>, i16<\/code>, i32<\/code>, i64<\/code>int8_t<\/code>, int16_t<\/code> …@(2<\/code>), 2i32<\/code> …(2<\/code>, 2l<\/code> …)\u975e\u8ca0\u6574\u6570\u578bu8<\/code>, u16<\/code>, u32<\/code>, u64<\/code>uint8_t<\/code>, uint16_t<\/code> …@2u32<\/code> …(2u<\/code>)\u30dd\u30a4\u30f3\u30bf\u30b5\u30a4\u30ba\u6574\u6570isize<\/code>, usize<\/code>intptr_t<\/code>, uintptr_t<\/code>@2isize<\/code>, 2usize<\/code>
\n\u5c0f\u6570\u578bf32<\/code>, f64<\/code>\u63d0\u6848\u4e2d(?)<\/a> double<\/code>@2.0f32<\/code>, 2.0f64<\/code>(2.0<\/code>, 2.0ld<\/code> …)\u8ad6\u7406\u5024\u578bbool<\/code>bool<\/code>@true<\/code>, false<\/code>true<\/code>, false<\/code>\u6587\u5b57\u578bchar<\/code>char32_t<\/code>@'a'<\/code>, '\u3042'<\/code>U'a'<\/code>, U'\u3042'<\/code>\u56fa\u5b9a\u9577\u914d\u5217\u578b[T; N]<\/code>T[]<\/code>@[0, 1]<\/code>, [2; 3]<\/code>{1, 2}<\/code>, ({2, 2, 2}<\/code>)\u30b9\u30e9\u30a4\u30b9&[T]<\/code>
\n@arr[1..3]<\/code> arr[..]<\/code>
\n\u30bf\u30d7\u30eb(T, U, V)<\/code>tuple<T, U, V><\/code>@(1, 'a', 1.0f32)<\/code>make_tuple(1, 'a', 1.0)<\/code>\u7121()<\/code>void<\/code>@()<\/code>
\n\u53c2\u7167&T<\/code>, &mut T<\/code>const T &<\/code>, T &<\/code>@&x<\/code>, &mut x<\/code>
\n\u751f\u30dd\u30a4\u30f3\u30bf*const T<\/code>, *mut T<\/code>const T *<\/code>, T *<\/code>@&x as *const i32<\/code>&x<\/code><\/div>\n<\/div>\n
\u69cb\u9020\u4f53<\/h2>\n
struct<\/span> User<\/span> {<\/span>\r\n    name<\/span>:<\/span> String<\/span>,<\/span>\r\n    age<\/span>:<\/span> u64<\/span>,<\/span>\r\n}<\/span>\r\nlet<\/span> u<\/span> :<\/span> User<\/span> =<\/span> User<\/span> {<\/span> name<\/span>:<\/span> String<\/span>::<\/span>from<\/span>(<\/span>\"Alice\"<\/span>),<\/span> age<\/span>:<\/span> 17<\/span> };<\/span>\r\nassert_eq!<\/span>(<\/span>u<\/span>.age<\/span>,<\/span> 17<\/span>);<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
struct<\/span> User<\/span> {<\/span>\r\n    string:<\/span> name<\/span>,<\/span>\r\n    uint64_t:<\/span> age<\/span>\r\n}<\/span>\r\ncosnt<\/span> User<\/span> u<\/span> {<\/span> \"Alice\"<\/span>,<\/span> 17<\/span> };<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u30e1\u30bd\u30c3\u30c9<\/h3>\n
impl<\/span> User<\/span> {<\/span>\r\n    fn<\/span> hello<\/span>(<\/span>&<\/span>self<\/span>)<\/span> {<\/span> \/\/ self, &self, &mut self \u306e3\u30d1\u30bf\u30fc\u30f3\u3042\u308b\u3002<\/span>\r\n        println!<\/span>(<\/span>\"I am {}.\"<\/span>,<\/span> self<\/span>.name<\/span>);<\/span>\r\n    }<\/span>\r\n}<\/span>\r\nlet<\/span> u<\/span> :<\/span> User<\/span> =<\/span> User<\/span> {<\/span> name<\/span>:<\/span> String<\/span>::<\/span>from<\/span>(<\/span>\"Alice\"<\/span>),<\/span> age<\/span>:<\/span> 17<\/span> };<\/span>\r\nu<\/span>.hello<\/span>();<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
struct<\/span> User<\/span> {<\/span>\r\n    \/*...*\/<\/span>\r\n    hello<\/span>()<\/span> {<\/span>\r\n        std<\/span>::<\/span>cout<\/span> <<<\/span> \"I am \"<\/span> <<<\/span> this<\/span>-><\/span>name<\/span>,<\/span> <<<\/span> \".\"<\/span> <<<\/span> std<\/span>::<\/span>endl<\/span>;<\/span>\r\n    }<\/span>\r\n}<\/span>\r\ncosnt<\/span> User<\/span> u<\/span> {<\/span> \"Alice\"<\/span>,<\/span> 17<\/span> };<\/span>\r\nu<\/span>.<\/span>hello<\/span>();<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u578b\u30e1\u30bd\u30c3\u30c9<\/h3>\n
impl<\/span> User<\/span> {<\/span>\r\n    fn<\/span> me<\/span>(<\/span>age<\/span> :<\/span> u64<\/span>)<\/span> -><\/span> Self<\/span> {<\/span>\r\n        User<\/span> {<\/span> name<\/span>:<\/span> String<\/span>::<\/span>from<\/span>(<\/span>\"Alice\"<\/span>),<\/span> age<\/span>:<\/span> me<\/span> }<\/span>\r\n    }<\/span>\r\n}<\/span>\r\nassert_eq!<\/span>(<\/span>User<\/span>::<\/span>me<\/span>(<\/span>10<\/span>)<\/span>.name<\/span>,<\/span> String<\/span>::<\/span>from<\/span>(<\/span>\"Alice\"<\/span>));<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
struct<\/span> User<\/span> {<\/span>\r\n    \/*...*\/<\/span>\r\n    static<\/span> User<\/span> me<\/span> (<\/span>int<\/span> age<\/span>)<\/span> {<\/span>\r\n        return<\/span> User<\/span>{<\/span> \"Alice\"<\/span>,<\/span> 17<\/span> }<\/span>\r\n    }<\/span>\r\n}<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u6f14\u7b97\u5b50\u30aa\u30fc\u30d0\u30aa\u30fc\u30ed\u30fc\u30c9<\/h3>\n
impl<\/span> PartialEq<\/span><<\/span>Self<\/span>><\/span> for<\/span> User<\/span> {<\/span>\r\n    fn<\/span> eq<\/span>(<\/span>&<\/span>self<\/span>,<\/span> other<\/span>:<\/span> &<\/span>Self<\/span>)<\/span> -><\/span> bool<\/span> {<\/span>\r\n        self<\/span>.name<\/span> ==<\/span> other<\/span>.name<\/span> &&<\/span> self<\/span>.age<\/span> ==<\/span> other<\/span>.age<\/span>\r\n    }<\/span>\r\n}<\/span>\r\n\r\nlet<\/span> u<\/span> :<\/span> User<\/span> =<\/span> User<\/span> {<\/span> name<\/span>:<\/span> String<\/span>::<\/span>from<\/span>(<\/span>\"Alice\"<\/span>),<\/span> age<\/span>:<\/span> 17<\/span> };<\/span>\r\nlet<\/span> v<\/span> :<\/span> User<\/span> =<\/span> User<\/span> {<\/span> name<\/span>:<\/span> String<\/span>::<\/span>from<\/span>(<\/span>\"Alice\"<\/span>),<\/span> age<\/span>:<\/span> 17<\/span> };<\/span>\r\nassert<\/span>!<\/span>(<\/span>u<\/span> ==<\/span> v<\/span>);<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
struct<\/span> User<\/span> {<\/span>\r\n    \/*...*\/<\/span>\r\n    bool<\/span> operator<\/span>==<\/span>(<\/span>const<\/span> User<\/span>&<\/span> that<\/span>)<\/span> const<\/span> {<\/span>\r\n        return<\/span> this<\/span>.<\/span>name<\/span> ==<\/span> that<\/span>.<\/span>name<\/span> &&<\/span> this<\/span>.<\/span>age<\/span> ==<\/span> this<\/span>.<\/span>age<\/span>;<\/span>\r\n    }<\/span>\r\n}<\/span>\r\n\r\nUser<\/span> v<\/span>{<\/span>\"A\"<\/span>,<\/span> 17<\/span>},<\/span> u<\/span>{<\/span>\"A\"<\/span>,<\/span> 17<\/span>};<\/span>\r\nv<\/span> ==<\/span> u<\/span>;<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u306a\u304a #[derive(PartialEq)] \u3067\u81ea\u52d5\u751f\u6210\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n
\u5217\u6319\u4f53<\/h2>\n
enum<\/span> IpAddrKind<\/span> {<\/span>\r\n    V4<\/span>,<\/span>\r\n    V6<\/span>,<\/span>\r\n}<\/span>\r\nlet<\/span> ip<\/span> :<\/span> IpAddrKind<\/span> =<\/span> IpAddrKind<\/span>::<\/span>V4<\/span>;<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
enum<\/span> IpAddrKind<\/span> {<\/span>\r\n    V4<\/span>,<\/span>\r\n    V6<\/span>\r\n}<\/span>\r\nIpAddrKind<\/span> ip<\/span> =<\/span> V4<\/span>;<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u76f4\u7a4d\u578b<\/h3>\n
enum<\/span> Message<\/span> {<\/span>\r\n    Quit<\/span>,<\/span>\r\n    Move<\/span> {<\/span> x<\/span>:<\/span> i32<\/span>,<\/span> y<\/span>:<\/span> i32<\/span> },<\/span>\r\n    Color<\/span>(<\/span>i32<\/span>,<\/span> i32<\/span>,<\/span> i32<\/span>),<\/span>\r\n}<\/span>\r\nlet<\/span> mes<\/span> :<\/span> Message<\/span> =<\/span> Message<\/span>::<\/span>Move<\/span>{<\/span> x<\/span>:<\/span> 1<\/span>,<\/span> y<\/span>:<\/span> 2<\/span> };<\/span>\r\nlet<\/span> mes<\/span> =<\/span> Message<\/span>::<\/span>Color<\/span>(<\/span>0<\/span>,<\/span> 1<\/span>,<\/span> 2<\/span>);<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u306a\u3044<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u30d1\u30bf\u30fc\u30f3\u30de\u30c3\u30c1<\/h3>\n
let<\/span> s<\/span> =<\/span> match<\/span> mes<\/span> {<\/span>\r\n    Message<\/span>::<\/span>Move<\/span> =><\/span> \"move\"<\/span>,<\/span>\r\n    Message<\/span>::<\/span>Color<\/span> =><\/span> \"color\"<\/span>,<\/span>\r\n    _<\/span> =><\/span> \"other\"<\/span>,<\/span>\r\n}<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u306a\u3044<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u30d1\u30bf\u30fc\u30f3\u30de\u30c3\u30c1\u3067\u53c2\u7167\u3092\u5f97\u308b, \u5916\u3059<\/h4>\n
let<\/span> mut<\/span> x<\/span> :<\/span> i32<\/span> =<\/span> 1<\/span>;<\/span>\r\n\r\n\/\/ \u4ee5\u4e0b\u306e\u6587\u306f\u30d6\u30ed\u30c3\u30af\u3067\u56f2\u3093\u3067\u3044\u308b<\/span>\r\n{<\/span> let<\/span> ref<\/span> y<\/span> :<\/span> i32<\/span> =<\/span> x<\/span>;<\/span> }<\/span> \/\/ \u53c2\u7167\u3092\u5f97\u308b y : &i32<\/span>\r\n{<\/span> let<\/span> y<\/span> :<\/span> &<\/span>i32<\/span> =<\/span> &<\/span>x<\/span>;<\/span> }<\/span> \/\/ \u4e0a\u3068\u540c\u3058<\/span>\r\n\r\n{<\/span> let<\/span> ref<\/span> mut<\/span> z<\/span> :<\/span> i32<\/span> =<\/span> x<\/span>;<\/span> }<\/span> \/\/ \u5909\u66f4\u53ef\u80fd\u53c2\u7167\u3092\u5f97\u308b z : &mut i32<\/span>\r\n{<\/span> let<\/span> z<\/span> :<\/span> &<\/span>mut<\/span> i32<\/span> =<\/span> &<\/span>mut<\/span> x<\/span>;<\/span> }<\/span> \/\/ \u4e0a\u3068\u540c\u3058<\/span>\r\n\r\n{<\/span> let<\/span> (<\/span>ref<\/span> y<\/span>,<\/span> ref<\/span> z<\/span>)<\/span> :<\/span> (<\/span>i32<\/span>,<\/span> i32<\/span>)<\/span> =<\/span> (<\/span>1<\/span>,<\/span> 2<\/span>);<\/span> }<\/span> \/\/ \u30d1\u30bf\u30fc\u30f3\u30de\u30c3\u30c1\u3067\u4f7f\u3046 y, z : &32<\/span>\r\n\r\n{<\/span> let<\/span> &<\/span>r<\/span> :<\/span> &<\/span>i32<\/span> =<\/span> &<\/span>x<\/span>;<\/span> }<\/span> \/\/ &\u306b\u30de\u30c3\u30c1\u3059\u308b\u3068\u53c2\u7167\u304c\u5916\u308c\u308b r : i32<\/span>\r\n{<\/span> let<\/span> r<\/span> :<\/span> i32<\/span> =<\/span> x<\/span>;<\/span> }<\/span> \/\/ \u4e0a\u3068\u540c\u3058<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
ref, ref mut\u30d1\u30bf\u30fc\u30f3\u306f, \u53c2\u7167\u3092\u5f97\u308b\u30d1\u30bf\u30fc\u30f3<\/p>\n
&, &mut\u30d1\u30bf\u30fc\u30f3\u306f, \u53c2\u7167\u3092\u5916\u3059\u30d1\u30bf\u30fc\u30f3<\/p>\n
\u30c8\u30ec\u30a4\u30c8<\/h1>\n
\u6f14\u7b97\u5b50\u30aa\u30fc\u30d0\u30fc\u30ed\u30fc\u30c9<\/h2>\n
    \n
  • \n
      \u7b97\u8853\u6f14\u7b97\u5b50: Add, Sub , Neg , Mul , Div , Rem<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
      \u4ed6\u306e\u6f14\u7b97\u5b50: Not , BitAnd , BitOr , BitXor , Shl , Shr<\/p>\n
      \u914d\u5217\u53c2\u7167: Index, IndexMut<\/p>\n
      \u95a2\u6570\u547c\u3073\u51fa\u3057: Fn, FnMut, FnOnce<\/p>\n
      C++\u3067\u306foperator<\/p>\n
      \u30c7\u30d0\u30c3\u30b0\u51fa\u529b<\/h2>\n
      println!(“Display {}”, v): Display \u7c21\u6613<\/p>\n
      println!(“Debug {:?}”, v): Debug \u8a73\u7d30<\/p>\n
      C++\u3067\u306foperator<<<\/p>\n
      \u30b3\u30d4\u30fc\uff65\u30e0\u30fc\u30d6<\/h2>\n
      Rust\u3067\u306f\u675f\u7e1b\u3059\u308b\u6642\u306b\u30b3\u30d4\u30fc\u3059\u308b\u304b\u30e0\u30fc\u30d6\u3059\u308b\u304b\u306f, \u305d\u306e\u578b\u306bCopy\u30c8\u30ec\u30a4\u30c8\u304c\u5b9f\u88c5\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u304b\u306b\u62e0\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n
      \u30b3\u30d4\u30fc<\/h3>\n
      let<\/span> x<\/span> :<\/span> i32<\/span> =<\/span> 1<\/span>;<\/span>\r\nlet<\/span> y<\/span> =<\/span> x<\/span>;<\/span> \/\/ i32\u306fCopy\u30c8\u30ec\u30a4\u30c8\u3092\u5b9f\u88c5\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u306e\u3067\u30b3\u30d4\u30fc<\/span>\r\nprintln!<\/span>(<\/span>\"{}\"<\/span>,<\/span> x<\/span>);<\/span> \/\/ OK<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
      int<\/span> x<\/span> =<\/span> 1<\/span>;<\/span>\r\nint<\/span> y<\/span> =<\/span> x<\/span>;<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
      \u30e0\u30fc\u30d6<\/h3>\n
      let<\/span> x<\/span> :<\/span> &<\/span>mut<\/span> i32<\/span> =<\/span> &<\/span>mut<\/span> 1<\/span>;<\/span> \/\/ &mut 32\u306fCopy\u30c8\u30ec\u30a4\u30c8\u3092\u5b9f\u88c5\u3057\u3066\u3044\u306a\u3044<\/span>\r\nlet<\/span> y<\/span> =<\/span> x<\/span>;<\/span> \/\/ \u30e0\u30fc\u30d6<\/span>\r\n\/\/println!(\"{}\", x); \/\/ NG<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
      int<\/span> x<\/span> =<\/span> std<\/span>::<\/span>make_unique<\/span><<\/span>int<\/span>><\/span>(<\/span>x<\/span>);<\/span>\r\nauto<\/span> y<\/span> =<\/span> std<\/span>::<\/span>move<\/span>(<\/span>x<\/span>);<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
      \u8907\u88fd<\/h4>\n
      Copy\u304c\u5b9f\u88c5\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u306a\u3044\u304f\u3066\u3082, Clone\u304c\u5b9f\u88c5\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308c\u3070.clone()\u3067\u8907\u88fd\u3067\u304d\u308b<\/p>\n
      let<\/span> x<\/span> =<\/span> String<\/span>::<\/span>from<\/span>(<\/span>\"str\"<\/span>);<\/span> \/\/ String\u306fCopy\u3092\u5b9f\u88c5\u3057\u3066\u3044\u306a\u3044<\/span>\r\nlet<\/span> y<\/span> =<\/span> x<\/span>.clone<\/span>();<\/span> \/\/ \u8907\u88fd\u3059\u308b<\/span>\r\nprintln!<\/span>(<\/span>\"{:?}\"<\/span>,<\/span> x<\/span>);<\/span> \/\/ OK<\/span>\r\n\r\nlet<\/span> x<\/span> =<\/span> String<\/span>::<\/span>from<\/span>(<\/span>\"str\"<\/span>);<\/span> \/\/ String\u306fCopy\u3092\u5b9f\u88c5\u3057\u3066\u3044\u306a\u3044<\/span>\r\nlet<\/span> y<\/span> =<\/span> x<\/span>;<\/span> \/\/ \u30e0\u30fc\u30d6\u3059\u308b x\u306f\u4f7f\u3048\u306a\u304f\u306a\u308b<\/span>\r\n\/\/println!(\"{:?}\", x); \/\/ NG<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
      \u30c7\u30b9\u30c8\u30e9\u30af\u30bf<\/h3>\n
      struct<\/span> Obj<\/span> {<\/span> s<\/span>:<\/span> i32<\/span> }<\/span>\r\nimpl<\/span> Drop<\/span> for<\/span> Obj<\/span> {<\/span>\r\n    fn<\/span> drop<\/span>(<\/span>&<\/span>mut<\/span> self<\/span>)<\/span> {<\/span>\r\n        println!<\/span>(<\/span>\"Droped {}.\"<\/span>,<\/span> self<\/span>.s<\/span>);<\/span>\r\n    }<\/span>\r\n}<\/span>\r\n\r\n{<\/span> let<\/span> _<\/span>x<\/span> =<\/span> Obj<\/span> {<\/span> s<\/span>:<\/span> \"hey\"<\/span> };<\/span> }<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
      struct<\/span> Obj<\/span> {<\/span>\r\n    int<\/span> s<\/span>;<\/span>\r\n    Obj<\/span>(<\/span>int<\/span> s<\/span>)<\/span>:<\/span>s<\/span>(<\/span>s_<\/span>){}<\/span>\r\n    ~<\/span>Obj<\/span>()<\/span> {<\/span>\r\n        std<\/span>::<\/span>cout<\/span> <<<\/span> \"Droped \"<\/span> <<<\/span> this<\/span>.<\/span>s<\/span> <<<\/span> std<\/span>::<\/span>endl<\/span>;<\/span>\r\n    }<\/span>\r\n}<\/span>\r\n\r\n{<\/span> Obj<\/span> x<\/span>(<\/span>1<\/span>);<\/span> }<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
      \u30c7\u30d5\u30a9\u30eb\u30c8\u30aa\u30d6\u30b8\u30a7\u30af\u30c8<\/h3>\n
      impl<\/span> User<\/span> {<\/span>\r\n    fn<\/span> default<\/span>()<\/span> -><\/span> Self<\/span> {<\/span>\r\n        User<\/span>{<\/span>name<\/span>:<\/span> String<\/span>::<\/span>default<\/span>(),<\/span> age<\/span>:<\/span> u64<\/span>::<\/span>default<\/span>()<\/span> }<\/span>\r\n    }<\/span>\r\n}<\/span>\r\n\r\nlet<\/span> u<\/span> :<\/span> User<\/span> =<\/span> User<\/span>::<\/span>default<\/span>()<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
      \/\/ \u30c7\u30d5\u30a9\u30eb\u30c8\u30b3\u30f3\u30b9\u30c8\u30e9\u30af\u30bf<\/span>\r\nUser<\/span> u<\/span>;<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
      Error<\/h3>\n
      Hash<\/h3>\n
      Into<\/h3>\n
      impl<\/span> Into<\/span><<\/span>u64<\/span>><\/span> for<\/span> User<\/span> {<\/span>\r\n    fn<\/span> into<\/span>(<\/span>self<\/span>)<\/span> -><\/span> u64<\/span> {<\/span>\r\n        self<\/span>.age<\/span>\r\n    }<\/span>\r\n}<\/span>\r\nlet<\/span> u<\/span> :<\/span> User<\/span> =<\/span> User<\/span>{<\/span> name<\/span>:<\/span> String<\/span>::<\/span>from<\/span>(<\/span>\"Alice\"<\/span>),<\/span> age<\/span>:<\/span> 32<\/span> };<\/span>\r\nlet<\/span> age<\/span> :<\/span> u64<\/span> =<\/span> u<\/span>.into<\/span>();<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
      struct<\/span> User<\/span> {<\/span>\r\n    \/* ... *\/<\/span>\r\n    operator<\/span> int<\/span> ()<\/span> {<\/span>\r\n        return<\/span> this<\/span>-><\/span>age<\/span>;<\/span>\r\n    }<\/span>\r\n}<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
      From<\/h3>\n
      impl<\/span> From<\/span><<\/span>i32<\/span>><\/span> for<\/span> User<\/span> {<\/span>\r\n    fn<\/span> from<\/span>(<\/span>age<\/span> :<\/span> u64<\/span>)<\/span> -><\/span> Self<\/span> {<\/span>\r\n        User<\/span> {<\/span> name<\/span>:<\/span> String<\/span>::<\/span>from<\/span>(<\/span>\"Alice\"<\/span>),<\/span> age<\/span>:<\/span> age<\/span> }<\/span>\r\n    }<\/span>\r\n}<\/span>\r\n\r\nlet<\/span> u<\/span> :<\/span> User<\/span> =<\/span> User<\/span>::<\/span>from<\/span>(<\/span>32<\/span>);<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
      struct<\/span> User<\/span> {<\/span>\r\n    \/* ... *\/<\/span>\r\n    User<\/span>(<\/span>int<\/span> age<\/span>)<\/span> {<\/span>\r\n        return<\/span> User<\/span>{<\/span> \"Alice\"<\/span>,<\/span> age<\/span> };<\/span>\r\n    }<\/span>\r\n}<\/span>\r\n\r\nUser<\/span> u<\/span> =<\/span> 32<\/span>;<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
      \u53c2\u7167\u306e\u6697\u9ed9\u306e\u578b\u5909\u63db(\u578b\u5f37\u5236)<\/h3>\n
      impl<\/span> Deref<\/span> for<\/span> User<\/span> {<\/span>\r\n    fn<\/span> deref<\/span>(<\/span>&<\/span>self<\/span>)<\/span> -><\/span> &<\/span>u64<\/span> {<\/span>\r\n        &<\/span>self<\/span>.age<\/span>\r\n    }<\/span>\r\n}<\/span>\r\n\r\nlet<\/span> u<\/span> :<\/span> User<\/span> =<\/span> User<\/span>{<\/span> name<\/span>:<\/span> String<\/span>::<\/span>from<\/span>(<\/span>\"Alice\"<\/span>),<\/span> age<\/span>:<\/span> 32<\/span> };<\/span>\r\nlet<\/span> refu<\/span> :<\/span> &<\/span>User<\/span> =<\/span> &<\/span>u<\/span>;<\/span>\r\nlet<\/span> age<\/span> :<\/span> &<\/span>u64<\/span> =<\/span> &<\/span>u<\/span>;<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
      Delef\u304c\u5b9f\u88c5\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u6642, \u53c2\u7167\u306f\u6697\u9ed9\u306e\u578b\u5909\u63db\u304c\u8d77\u304d\u308b\u3002
      \n\u53c2\u8003: Rust\u306eDeref\u30c8\u30ec\u30a4\u30c8\u306b\u3088\u308b\u6319\u52d5\u3092\u78ba\u8a8d\u3057\u3066\u307f\u305f<\/p>\n
      AsRef \/ AsMut<\/h3>\n
      Borrow \/ BorrowMut<\/h3>\n
      \u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u69cb\u9020<\/h1>\n
      \u57fa\u672c\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u69cb\u9020<\/h2>\n
      \u4ee5\u4e0b\u9014\u4e2d<\/p>\n
      array<\/h3>\n
      slice<\/h3>\n
      tuple<\/h3>\n
      vec<\/h3>\n
      \u7121\u540d\u95a2\u6570<\/h2>\n
      \u30e1\u30e2\u30ea\u7ba1\u7406<\/h2>\n
      \u30dd\u30a4\u30f3\u30bf<\/h2>\n
      \u305d\u306e\u4ed6<\/h1>\n
      \u5165\u51fa\u529b<\/h2>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
      \u6587\u6cd5 \u5909\u6570\u5ba3\u8a00 let x : i32 = 1; let y = 1; \/\/ \u578b\u63a8\u8ad6 let mut z =  […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-45193","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-uncategorized"],"yoast_head":"\n- Blog - Silicon Cloud<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.silicloud.com\/zh\/blog\/45193-2\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"zh_CN\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"\u6587\u6cd5 \u5909\u6570\u5ba3\u8a00 let x : i32 = 1; let y = 1; \/\/ \u578b\u63a8\u8ad6 let mut z = […]\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/www.silicloud.com\/zh\/blog\/45193-2\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Blog - Silicon Cloud\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2023-02-20T21:06:02+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2024-05-04T03:32:32+00:00\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"\u97f5, \u79d1\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"\u4f5c\u8005\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"\u97f5, \u79d1\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"\u9884\u8ba1\u9605\u8bfb\u65f6\u95f4\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"5 \u5206\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.silicloud.com\/zh\/blog\/45193-2\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.silicloud.com\/zh\/blog\/45193-2\/\",\"name\":\"- Blog - Silicon Cloud\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.silicloud.com\/zh\/blog\/#website\"},\"datePublished\":\"2023-02-20T21:06:02+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2024-05-04T03:32:32+00:00\",\"author\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.silicloud.com\/zh\/blog\/#\/schema\/person\/6530331a63adef3b3443a1fab53a0e6e\"},\"inLanguage\":\"zh-Hans\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\/\/www.silicloud.com\/zh\/blog\/45193-2\/\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.silicloud.com\/zh\/blog\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.silicloud.com\/zh\/blog\/\",\"name\":\"Blog - Silicon Cloud\",\"description\":\"\",\"inLanguage\":\"zh-Hans\"},{\"@type\":\"Person\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.silicloud.com\/zh\/blog\/#\/schema\/person\/6530331a63adef3b3443a1fab53a0e6e\",\"name\":\"\u97f5, \u79d1\",\"image\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"zh-Hans\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.silicloud.com\/zh\/blog\/#\/schema\/person\/image\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/429ccb39b3fff5188bc17986222cfb0936cbadb8cc933cff04ab5ca01bd30a08?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/429ccb39b3fff5188bc17986222cfb0936cbadb8cc933cff04ab5ca01bd30a08?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"caption\":\"\u97f5, \u79d1\"},\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.silicloud.com\/zh\/blog\/author\/yunke\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"zh-Hans\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.silicloud.com\/zh\/blog\/45193-2\/#local-main-organization-logo\",\"url\":\"\",\"contentUrl\":\"\",\"caption\":\"Blog - Silicon Cloud\"}]}<\/script>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO Premium plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"- Blog - Silicon Cloud","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/www.silicloud.com\/zh\/blog\/45193-2\/","og_locale":"zh_CN","og_type":"article","og_description":"\u6587\u6cd5 \u5909\u6570\u5ba3\u8a00 let x : i32 = 1; 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