{"id":45180,"date":"2023-02-17T20:11:30","date_gmt":"2023-09-04T11:00:45","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.silicloud.com\/zh\/blog\/45180-2\/"},"modified":"2024-04-29T15:02:01","modified_gmt":"2024-04-29T07:02:01","slug":"45180-2","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.silicloud.com\/zh\/blog\/45180-2\/","title":{"rendered":""},"content":{"rendered":"

\u4eca\u56de\u306f\uff0cpyo3\u30af\u30ec\u30fc\u30c8\u3092\u7528\u3044\u3066Python\u304b\u3089Rust\u3067\u5b9a\u7fa9\u3057\u305f\u51e6\u7406\u3092\u547c\u3073\u51fa\u3059\u3068\u304d\u306e\u30a8\u30e9\u30fc\u30cf\u30f3\u30c9\u30ea\u30f3\u30b0\u3092\u3057\u3066\u307f\u307e\u3059\uff0e\u5177\u4f53\u7684\u306b\u306fRust\u5074\u3067thiserror\u3092\u7528\u3044\u3066\u5b9a\u7fa9\u3057\u305f\u30a8\u30e9\u30fc\u3092Python\u5074\u3067\u30ad\u30e3\u30c3\u30c1\u3057\u307e\u3059\uff0e<\/p>\n

\u7c21\u5358\u306a\u3082\u306e\u3067\u3059\u304c\uff0c\u30d7\u30ed\u30b0\u30e9\u30e0\u306f\u3053\u3061\u3089\u306b\u3042\u308a\u307e\u3059\uff0e<\/p>\n

\u30a8\u30e9\u30fc\u306e\u5b9a\u7fa9<\/h2>\n

\u30a8\u30e9\u30fc\u306f\u4ee5\u4e0b\u3067\u5b9a\u7fa9\u3057\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\uff0e
\n\u5217\u6319\u4f53\u306fRust\u5074\u3067\u30a8\u30e9\u30fc\u30cf\u30f3\u30c9\u30ea\u30f3\u30b0\u3092\u3059\u308b\u305f\u3081\u306b\u4f5c\u6210\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u306e\u3067\uff0cPython\u5074\u3067\u306e\u307f\u30a8\u30e9\u30fc\u3092\u6271\u3046\u306a\u3089\u5fc5\u8981\u3042\u308a\u307e\u305b\u3093\uff0e<\/p>\n

#[derive(thiserror::Error,<\/span> Debug)]<\/span>\r\npub<\/span> enum<\/span> MathError<\/span> {<\/span>\r\n    #[error(transparent)]<\/span>\r\n    LogSmallError<\/span>(<\/span>#[from]<\/span> LogSmallError<\/span>),<\/span>\r\n\r\n    #[error(transparent)]<\/span>\r\n    ExpLargeError<\/span>(<\/span>#[from]<\/span> ExpLargeError<\/span>)<\/span>\r\n}<\/span>\r\n\r\n#[derive(thiserror::Error,<\/span> Debug)]<\/span>\r\n#[error(<\/span>\"too small x for log(x) x:{0}. (expected x > 0.01)\"<\/span>)]<\/span>\r\npub<\/span> struct<\/span> LogSmallError<\/span>(<\/span>pub<\/span> f64<\/span>);<\/span>\r\n\r\n#[derive(thiserror::Error,<\/span> Debug)]<\/span>\r\n#[error(<\/span>\"too large x for exp(x) x:{0}. (expected x < 10)\"<\/span>)]<\/span>\r\npub<\/span> struct<\/span> ExpLargeError<\/span>(<\/span>pub<\/span> f64<\/span>);<\/span>\r\n\r\n#[derive(thiserror::Error,<\/span> Debug)]<\/span>\r\n#[error(<\/span>\"too small abs y for x \/ y y:{0}. (expected y > 0.001)\"<\/span>)]<\/span>\r\npub<\/span> struct<\/span> DivSmallAbsError<\/span>(<\/span>pub<\/span> f64<\/span>);<\/span>\r\n\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
Rust\u306e\u30a8\u30e9\u30fc\u3092Python\u304b\u3089import\u3059\u308b<\/h2>\n
pyo3\u306e\u30e6\u30fc\u30b6\u30fc\u30ac\u30a4\u30c9\u306b\u3042\u308b\u3088\u3046\u306b\uff0c\u307e\u305acreate_exception!\u30de\u30af\u30ed\u3067Python\u304b\u3089\u5229\u7528\u3067\u304d\u308bException\u3092\u5b9a\u7fa9\u3057\u307e\u3059\uff0e\u7b2c\u4e00\u5f15\u6570\u306f\u3053\u306elib.rs\u3067\u5b9a\u7fa9\u3059\u308b\u30e2\u30b8\u30e5\u30fc\u30eb\u540d\uff0c\u7b2c\u4e8c\u5f15\u6570\u306fException\u540d\uff0c\u7b2c\u4e09\u5f15\u6570\u306f\u7d99\u627f\u3059\u308b\u30b9\u30fc\u30d1\u30fc\u30af\u30e9\u30b9\u3067\u3059\uff0e\u3053\u3053\u3067\u306f\u7c21\u5358\u306e\u305f\u3081\u306berror.rs\u3067\u5b9a\u7fa9\u3057\u305f\u30a8\u30e9\u30fc\u3068\u540c\u3058\u540d\u524d\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u306e\u3067\uff0clib.rs\u304b\u3089error.rs\u306e\u540c\u540d\u306e\u30a8\u30e9\u30fc\u3092\u5229\u7528\u3059\u308b\u5834\u5408\u306fcrate::error::MathError\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306b\u3057\u307e\u3059\uff0eDivSmallAbsError\u306b\u3064\u3044\u3066\u306fValueError\u3068\u3057\u3066raise\u3055\u305b\u308b\u306e\u3067\uff0c\u3053\u3053\u3067\u306f\u5b9a\u7fa9\u3057\u307e\u305b\u3093\uff0e<\/p>\n
use<\/span> pyo3<\/span>::<\/span>create_exception<\/span>;<\/span>\r\ncreate_exception!<\/span>(<\/span>error_handling<\/span>,<\/span> MathError<\/span>,<\/span> pyo3<\/span>::<\/span>exceptions<\/span>::<\/span>PyException<\/span>);<\/span>\r\n\r\ncreate_exception!<\/span>(<\/span>error_handling<\/span>,<\/span> LogSmallError<\/span>,<\/span> MathError<\/span>);<\/span>\r\ncreate_exception!<\/span>(<\/span>error_handling<\/span>,<\/span> ExpLargeError<\/span>,<\/span> MathError<\/span>);<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u6b21\u306b\u5404\u30a8\u30e9\u30fc\u304b\u3089PyErr\u306b\u5909\u63db\u3067\u304d\u308b\u3088\u3046\u306bFrom\u30c8\u30ec\u30a4\u30c8\u3092\u5b9f\u88c5\u3057\u307e\u3059\uff0eFrom\u30c8\u30ec\u30a4\u30c8\u3092\u5b9f\u88c5\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3067\uff0cpyo3::PyResult\uff08Rsult<T, PyErr>\u306e\u30a8\u30a4\u30ea\u30a2\u30b9\uff09\u306b?\u3067\u8fd4\u305b\u308b\u3088\u3046\u306b\u306a\u308a\u307e\u3059\uff0eDivSmallAbsError\u306fValueError\u3068\u3057\u3066raise\u3059\u308b\u305f\u3081\u306bpyo3::exceptions::PyValueError\u304b\u3089\u4f5c\u6210\u3057\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\uff0e<\/p>\n
impl<\/span> From<\/span><<\/span>crate<\/span>::<\/span>error<\/span>::<\/span>MathError<\/span>><\/span> for<\/span> PyErr<\/span> {<\/span>\r\n    fn<\/span> from<\/span>(<\/span>err<\/span>:<\/span> crate<\/span>::<\/span>error<\/span>::<\/span>MathError<\/span>)<\/span> -><\/span> PyErr<\/span> {<\/span>\r\n        MathError<\/span>::<\/span>new_err<\/span>(<\/span>err<\/span>.to_string<\/span>())<\/span>\r\n    }<\/span>\r\n}<\/span>\r\n\r\nimpl<\/span> From<\/span><<\/span>crate<\/span>::<\/span>error<\/span>::<\/span>LogSmallError<\/span>><\/span> for<\/span> PyErr<\/span> {<\/span>\r\n    fn<\/span> from<\/span>(<\/span>err<\/span>:<\/span> crate<\/span>::<\/span>error<\/span>::<\/span>LogSmallError<\/span>)<\/span> -><\/span> PyErr<\/span> {<\/span>\r\n        LogSmallError<\/span>::<\/span>new_err<\/span>(<\/span>err<\/span>.to_string<\/span>())<\/span>\r\n    }<\/span>\r\n}<\/span>\r\n\r\n\r\nimpl<\/span> From<\/span><<\/span>crate<\/span>::<\/span>error<\/span>::<\/span>ExpLargeError<\/span>><\/span> for<\/span> PyErr<\/span> {<\/span>\r\n    fn<\/span> from<\/span>(<\/span>err<\/span>:<\/span> crate<\/span>::<\/span>error<\/span>::<\/span>ExpLargeError<\/span>)<\/span> -><\/span> PyErr<\/span> {<\/span>\r\n        ExpLargeError<\/span>::<\/span>new_err<\/span>(<\/span>err<\/span>.to_string<\/span>())<\/span>\r\n    }<\/span>\r\n}<\/span>\r\n\r\nimpl<\/span> From<\/span><<\/span>crate<\/span>::<\/span>error<\/span>::<\/span>DivSmallAbsError<\/span>><\/span> for<\/span> PyErr<\/span> {<\/span>\r\n    fn<\/span> from<\/span>(<\/span>err<\/span>:<\/span> crate<\/span>::<\/span>error<\/span>::<\/span>DivSmallAbsError<\/span>)<\/span> -><\/span> PyErr<\/span> {<\/span>\r\n        pyo3<\/span>::<\/span>exceptions<\/span>::<\/span>PyValueError<\/span>::<\/span>new_err<\/span>(<\/span>err<\/span>.to_string<\/span>())<\/span>\r\n    }<\/span>\r\n}<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u6700\u5f8c\u306b\uff0c\u5b9a\u7fa9\u3057\u305fException\u3092Python\u304b\u3089\u547c\u3079\u308b\u3088\u3046\u306b\u767b\u9332\u3057\u307e\u3059\uff0e\u3053\u308c\u3067\u30a8\u30e9\u30fc\u3092Exception\u3068\u3057\u3066Python\u304b\u3089import\u3067\u304d\u308b\u3088\u3046\u306b\u306a\u308a\u307e\u3059\uff0e<\/p>\n
#[pymodule]<\/span>\r\nfn<\/span> error_handling<\/span>(<\/span>py<\/span>:<\/span> Python<\/span>,<\/span> m<\/span>:<\/span>&<\/span>PyModule<\/span>)<\/span> -><\/span> PyResult<\/span><<\/span>()<\/span>><\/span> {<\/span>\r\n    m<\/span>.add<\/span>(<\/span>\"MathError\"<\/span>,<\/span> py<\/span>.get_type<\/span>::<\/span><<\/span>MathError<\/span>><\/span>())<\/span>?<\/span>;<\/span>\r\n    m<\/span>.add<\/span>(<\/span>\"LogSmallError\"<\/span>,<\/span> py<\/span>.get_type<\/span>::<\/span><<\/span>LogSmallError<\/span>><\/span>())<\/span>?<\/span>;<\/span>\r\n    m<\/span>.add<\/span>(<\/span>\"ExpLargeError\"<\/span>,<\/span> py<\/span>.get_type<\/span>::<\/span><<\/span>ExpLargeError<\/span>><\/span>())<\/span>?<\/span>;<\/span>\r\n\r\n\r\n    ...<\/span>\u305d\u306e\u4ed6\u95a2\u6570\u306e\u767b\u9332<\/span>\r\n}<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
Rust\u5074\u3067\u30a8\u30e9\u30fc\u3092\u8fd4\u3057Python\u3067\u30ad\u30e3\u30c3\u30c1\u3059\u308b<\/h2>\n
From\u30c8\u30ec\u30a4\u30c8\u3092\u5b9f\u88c5\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u306e\u3067\u30a8\u30e9\u30fc\u3092?\u3067\u8fd4\u305b\u307e\u3059\uff0ePyResult\u306e\u4ee3\u308f\u308a\u306bResult<T, crate::error::MathError>\u3092\u8fd4\u308a\u5024\u306e\u578b\u3068\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3082\u3067\u304d\u307e\u3059\u304c\uff0cPython\u5074\u3067MathError\u3068\u3057\u3066raise\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3057\u307e\u3044\u307e\u3059\uff0e<\/p>\n
fn<\/span> log<\/span>(<\/span>x<\/span>:<\/span> f64<\/span>)<\/span> -><\/span> Result<\/span><<\/span>f64<\/span>,<\/span> crate<\/span>::<\/span>error<\/span>::<\/span>LogSmallError<\/span>><\/span> {<\/span>\r\n    if<\/span> x<\/span> <<\/span> 0.01<\/span> {<\/span>\r\n        return<\/span> Err<\/span>(<\/span>crate<\/span>::<\/span>error<\/span>::<\/span>LogSmallError<\/span>(<\/span>x<\/span>));<\/span>\r\n    }<\/span> else<\/span> {<\/span>\r\n        return<\/span> Ok<\/span>(<\/span>x<\/span>.ln<\/span>());<\/span>\r\n    }<\/span>\r\n}<\/span>\r\n\r\nfn<\/span> exp<\/span>(<\/span>x<\/span>:<\/span> f64<\/span>)<\/span> -><\/span> Result<\/span><<\/span>f64<\/span>,<\/span> crate<\/span>::<\/span>error<\/span>::<\/span>ExpLargeError<\/span>><\/span> {<\/span>\r\n    if<\/span> x<\/span> ><\/span> 10.0<\/span> {<\/span>\r\n        return<\/span> Err<\/span>(<\/span>crate<\/span>::<\/span>error<\/span>::<\/span>ExpLargeError<\/span>(<\/span>x<\/span>));<\/span>\r\n    }<\/span> else<\/span> {<\/span>\r\n        return<\/span> Ok<\/span>(<\/span>x<\/span>.exp<\/span>());<\/span>\r\n    }<\/span>\r\n}<\/span>\r\n\r\n#[pyfunction]<\/span>\r\nfn<\/span> rust_log<\/span>(<\/span>x<\/span>:<\/span> f64<\/span>)<\/span> -><\/span> PyResult<\/span><<\/span>f64<\/span>><\/span> {<\/span>\r\n    Ok<\/span>(<\/span>log<\/span>(<\/span>x<\/span>)<\/span>?<\/span>)<\/span>\r\n}<\/span>\r\n\r\n#[pyfunction]<\/span>\r\nfn<\/span> rust_exp<\/span>(<\/span>x<\/span>:<\/span> f64<\/span>)<\/span> -><\/span> PyResult<\/span><<\/span>f64<\/span>><\/span> {<\/span>\r\n    Ok<\/span>(<\/span>exp<\/span>(<\/span>x<\/span>)<\/span>?<\/span>)<\/span>\r\n}<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u4ee5\u4e0a\u306e\u95a2\u6570\u3092Python(jupyter)\u304b\u3089\u547c\u3093\u3067\u4f8b\u5916\u3092\u8d77\u3053\u3059\u3068\u4ee5\u4e0b\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306b\u306a\u308a\u307e\u3059\uff0e<\/p>\n
from<\/span> error_handling<\/span> import<\/span> MathError<\/span>,<\/span> LogSmallError<\/span>,<\/span> ExpLargeError<\/span>\r\nfrom<\/span> error_handling<\/span> import<\/span> rust_log<\/span>,<\/span> rust_exp<\/span>,<\/span> rust_div<\/span>,<\/span> rust_log_with_exp<\/span>\r\n\r\nrust_log<\/span>(<\/span>0.0<\/span>)<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
---------------------------------------------------------------------------\r\n\r\nLogSmallError                             Traceback (most recent call last)\r\n\r\nC:\\Users\\-\\AppData\\Local\\Temp\/ipykernel_10728\/2422354142.py in <module>\r\n----> 1 rust_log(0.0)\r\n\r\n\r\nLogSmallError: too small x for log(x) x:0. (expected x > 0.01)\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
try<\/span>:<\/span>\r\n    rust_exp<\/span>(<\/span>1000<\/span>)<\/span>\r\nexcept<\/span> ExpLargeError<\/span> as<\/span> err<\/span>:<\/span>\r\n    print<\/span>(<\/span>err<\/span>)<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
too large x for exp(x) x:1000. (expected x < 10)\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u3082\u3061\u308d\u3093\uff0c\u30b9\u30fc\u30d1\u30fc\u30af\u30e9\u30b9\u3092\u6307\u5b9a\u3057\u3066\u3082\u30b5\u30d6\u30af\u30e9\u30b9\u3092\u30ad\u30e3\u30c3\u30c1\u3067\u304d\u307e\u3059\uff0e<\/p>\n
try<\/span>:<\/span>\r\n    rust_exp<\/span>(<\/span>1000<\/span>)<\/span>\r\nexcept<\/span> MathError<\/span> as<\/span> err<\/span>:<\/span>\r\n    print<\/span>(<\/span>err<\/span>)<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
too large x for exp(x) x:1000. (expected x < 10)\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
From\u30c8\u30ec\u30a4\u30c8\u306e\u5b9f\u88c5\u3067PyValueError\u304b\u3089\u4f5c\u6210\u3057\u305fDivSmallAbsError\u306fPython\u3067\u306fValueError\u304craise\u3055\u308c\u307e\u3059\uff0e<\/p>\n
fn<\/span> div<\/span>(<\/span>x<\/span>:<\/span> f64<\/span>,<\/span> y<\/span>:<\/span> f64<\/span>)<\/span> -><\/span> Result<\/span><<\/span>f64<\/span>,<\/span> crate<\/span>::<\/span>error<\/span>::<\/span>DivSmallAbsError<\/span>><\/span> {<\/span>\r\n    if<\/span> y<\/span> <<\/span> 0.001<\/span> {<\/span>\r\n        return<\/span> Err<\/span>(<\/span>crate<\/span>::<\/span>error<\/span>::<\/span>DivSmallAbsError<\/span>(<\/span>y<\/span>));<\/span>\r\n    }<\/span> else<\/span> {<\/span>\r\n        return<\/span> Ok<\/span>(<\/span>x<\/span> \/<\/span> y<\/span>);<\/span>\r\n    }<\/span>\r\n}<\/span>\r\n\r\n#[pyfunction]<\/span>\r\nfn<\/span> rust_div<\/span>(<\/span>x<\/span>:<\/span> f64<\/span>,<\/span> y<\/span>:<\/span> f64<\/span>)<\/span> -><\/span> PyResult<\/span><<\/span>f64<\/span>><\/span> {<\/span>\r\n    Ok<\/span>(<\/span>div<\/span>(<\/span>x<\/span>,<\/span> y<\/span>)<\/span>?<\/span>)<\/span>\r\n}<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
rust_div<\/span>(<\/span>1.0<\/span>,<\/span> 0.0<\/span>)<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
---------------------------------------------------------------------------\r\n\r\nValueError                                Traceback (most recent call last)\r\n\r\nC:\\Users\\-\\AppData\\Local\\Temp\/ipykernel_10728\/109446888.py in <module>\r\n----> 1 rust_div(1.0, 0.0)\r\n\r\n\r\nValueError: too small abs y for x \/ y y:0. (expected y > 0.001)\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u4ee5\u4e0a\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306bpyo3\u3067\u306fRust\u5074\u3067\u3082\uff0cPython\u3067\u5229\u7528\u3067\u304d\u308b\u30a8\u30e9\u30fc\u304c\u5b9a\u7fa9\u3067\u304d\u307e\u3059\uff0e\u3055\u3089\u306b
\nPython3.10\u3067\u306fmatch\u5f0f\u304c\u5c0e\u5165\u3055\u308c\u305f\u306e\u3067\uff0crust\u3067\u30a8\u30e9\u30fc\u30b3\u30fc\u30c9\u3092\u8fd4\u3059\u3088\u3046\u306a\u4ee5\u4e0b\u306e\u51e6\u7406\u3092<\/p>\n
fn<\/span> log_with_exp<\/span>(<\/span>x<\/span>:<\/span> f64<\/span>)<\/span> -><\/span> Result<\/span><<\/span>(<\/span>f64<\/span>,<\/span> f64<\/span>),<\/span> crate<\/span>::<\/span>error<\/span>::<\/span>MathError<\/span>><\/span> {<\/span>\r\n    let<\/span> log_x<\/span> =<\/span> log<\/span>(<\/span>x<\/span>)<\/span>?<\/span>;<\/span>\r\n    let<\/span> exp_x<\/span> =<\/span> exp<\/span>(<\/span>x<\/span>)<\/span>?<\/span>;<\/span>\r\n    Ok<\/span>((<\/span>log_x<\/span>,<\/span> exp_x<\/span>))<\/span>\r\n}<\/span>\r\n\r\nfn<\/span> rust_handle_error<\/span>(<\/span>x<\/span>:<\/span> f64<\/span>)<\/span> -><\/span> i64<\/span> {<\/span>\r\n    let<\/span> res<\/span> =<\/span> log_with_exp<\/span>(<\/span>x<\/span>);<\/span>\r\n    if<\/span> let<\/span> Err<\/span>(<\/span>error<\/span>)<\/span> =<\/span> res<\/span> {<\/span>\r\n        match<\/span> error<\/span> {<\/span>\r\n            crate<\/span>::<\/span>error<\/span>::<\/span>MathError<\/span>::<\/span>LogSmallError<\/span>(<\/span>_<\/span>)<\/span> =><\/span> {<\/span> return<\/span> 1<\/span>;},<\/span>\r\n            crate<\/span>::<\/span>error<\/span>::<\/span>MathError<\/span>::<\/span>ExpLargeError<\/span>(<\/span>_<\/span>)<\/span> =><\/span> {<\/span> return<\/span> 2<\/span>;}<\/span>\r\n        }<\/span>\r\n    }<\/span> else<\/span> {<\/span>\r\n        return<\/span> 0<\/span>;<\/span>\r\n    }<\/span>\r\n}<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
match\u5f0f\u3092\u7528\u3044\u3066\u4ee5\u4e0b\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306b\u7c21\u5358\u306b\u5b9f\u88c5\u3067\u304d\u307e\u3059\uff0e<\/p>\n
def<\/span> handle_error<\/span>(<\/span>x<\/span>:<\/span> float<\/span>)<\/span> -><\/span> int<\/span>:<\/span>\r\n    try<\/span>:<\/span>\r\n        rust_log<\/span>(<\/span>x<\/span>)<\/span>\r\n        rust_exp<\/span>(<\/span>x<\/span>)<\/span>\r\n    except<\/span> MathError<\/span> as<\/span> err<\/span>:<\/span>\r\n        match<\/span> err<\/span>:<\/span>\r\n            case<\/span> LogSmallError<\/span>():<\/span>\r\n                return<\/span> 1<\/span>\r\n            case<\/span> ExpLargeError<\/span>():<\/span>\r\n                return<\/span> 2<\/span>\r\n            case<\/span> _<\/span>:<\/span>\r\n                return<\/span> 100<\/span>\r\n    else<\/span>:<\/span>\r\n        return<\/span> 0<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
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