{"id":446,"date":"2023-02-10T19:21:09","date_gmt":"2023-08-01T02:18:22","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.silicloud.com\/zh\/blog\/index.php\/2023\/11\/30\/%e5%bf%85%e9%a1%bb%e6%8e%8c%e6%8f%a1%e7%9a%84%e5%89%8d50%e6%9d%a1linux%e5%91%bd%e4%bb%a4\/"},"modified":"2025-08-02T09:56:24","modified_gmt":"2025-08-02T01:56:24","slug":"%e5%bf%85%e9%a1%bb%e6%8e%8c%e6%8f%a1%e7%9a%84%e5%89%8d50%e6%9d%a1linux%e5%91%bd%e4%bb%a4","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.silicloud.com\/zh\/blog\/%e5%bf%85%e9%a1%bb%e6%8e%8c%e6%8f%a1%e7%9a%84%e5%89%8d50%e6%9d%a1linux%e5%91%bd%e4%bb%a4\/","title":{"rendered":"Linux\u547d\u4ee4\u5927\u5168\uff1a50+\u4e2a\u5fc5\u987b\u638c\u63e1\u7684\u5b9e\u7528\u547d\u4ee4\u6559\u7a0b"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u6bcf\u5929\u90fd\u5728\u4f7f\u7528Linux\u547d\u4ee4\u5417\uff1f\u4eca\u5929\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u4ecb\u7ecd50\u4e2a\u4f60\u5fc5\u987b\u4e86\u89e3\u7684Linux\u547d\u4ee4\uff01\u4ee5\u4e0b\u5217\u51fa\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\u662f\u4e00\u4e9b\u6700\u6709\u7528\u548c\u6700\u5e38\u7528\u7684Linux\u547d\u4ee4\u3002\u8ba9\u6211\u4eec\u5f00\u59cb\u5427\uff01<\/p>\n

\n

\u4fe1\u606f<\/p>\n

\u4f7f\u7528Silicon Cloud\u5e94\u7528\u5e73\u53f0\u4eceGitHub\u90e8\u7f72\u60a8\u7684\u524d\u7aef\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u3002\u8ba9Silicon Cloud\u4e13\u6ce8\u4e8e\u6269\u5c55\u60a8\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u3002<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e00\u540d\u666e\u901a\u7528\u6237\uff0c\u4f60\u5fc5\u987b\u4e86\u89e3\u7684\u524d50\u4e2aLinux\u547d\u4ee4<\/h2>\n
    \n
  1. ls<\/strong> – \u5728Linux\u4e2d\u7528\u4e8e\u5217\u51fa\u76ee\u5f55\u5185\u5bb9\u7684\u6700\u5e38\u7528\u547d\u4ee4<\/li>\n
  2. pwd<\/strong> – \u5728Linux\u4e2d\u6253\u5370\u5f53\u524d\u5de5\u4f5c\u76ee\u5f55\u7684\u547d\u4ee4<\/li>\n
  3. cd<\/strong> – \u7528\u4e8e\u5728Linux\u4e2d\u5207\u6362\u76ee\u5f55\u7684\u547d\u4ee4<\/li>\n
  4. mkdir<\/strong> – \u5728Linux\u4e2d\u7528\u4e8e\u521b\u5efa\u65b0\u76ee\u5f55\u7684\u547d\u4ee4<\/li>\n
  5. mv<\/strong> – \u5728Linux\u4e2d\u79fb\u52a8\u6216\u91cd\u547d\u540d\u6587\u4ef6\u548c\u76ee\u5f55\u7684\u547d\u4ee4<\/li>\n
  6. cp<\/strong> – \u5728Linux\u4e2d\u590d\u5236\u6587\u4ef6\u548c\u76ee\u5f55\u7684\u547d\u4ee4<\/li>\n
  7. rm<\/strong> – \u5220\u9664\u6587\u4ef6\u6216\u76ee\u5f55\u7684\u547d\u4ee4<\/li>\n
  8. touch<\/strong> – \u521b\u5efa\u7a7a\u767d\u6587\u4ef6\u6216\u66f4\u65b0\u6587\u4ef6\u65f6\u95f4\u6233\u7684\u547d\u4ee4<\/li>\n
  9. ln<\/strong> – \u521b\u5efa\u5230\u5176\u4ed6\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u7b26\u53f7\u94fe\u63a5\uff08\u5feb\u6377\u65b9\u5f0f\uff09<\/li>\n
  10. cat<\/strong> – \u5728\u7ec8\u7aef\u4e0a\u663e\u793a\u6587\u4ef6\u5185\u5bb9\u7684\u547d\u4ee4<\/li>\n
  11. clear<\/strong> – \u6e05\u9664\u7ec8\u7aef\u5c4f\u5e55\u663e\u793a\u7684\u547d\u4ee4<\/li>\n
  12. echo<\/strong> – \u8f93\u51fa\u6587\u672c\u6216\u53d8\u91cf\u7684\u547d\u4ee4<\/li>\n
  13. less<\/strong> – \u5728\u7ec8\u7aef\u4e0a\u5206\u9875\u663e\u793a\u6587\u4ef6\u5185\u5bb9\u7684Linux\u547d\u4ee4<\/li>\n
  14. man<\/strong> – \u8bbf\u95ee\u6240\u6709Linux\u547d\u4ee4\u7684\u624b\u518c\u9875<\/li>\n
  15. uname<\/strong> – \u83b7\u53d6\u6709\u5173\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u57fa\u672c\u4fe1\u606f\u7684Linux\u547d\u4ee4<\/li>\n
  16. whoami<\/strong> – \u83b7\u53d6\u5f53\u524d\u6d3b\u52a8\u7528\u6237\u540d\u7684\u547d\u4ee4<\/li>\n
  17. tar<\/strong> – \u5728Linux\u4e2d\u6253\u5305\u548c\u89e3\u5305\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u547d\u4ee4<\/li>\n
  18. grep<\/strong> – \u5728\u6587\u672c\u4e2d\u641c\u7d22\u6307\u5b9a\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u7684\u547d\u4ee4<\/li>\n
  19. head<\/strong> – \u663e\u793a\u6587\u4ef6\u5f00\u5934\u6307\u5b9a\u884c\u6570\u7684\u547d\u4ee4<\/li>\n
  20. tail<\/strong> – \u663e\u793a\u6587\u4ef6\u672b\u5c3e\u6307\u5b9a\u884c\u6570\u7684\u547d\u4ee4<\/li>\n
  21. diff<\/strong> – \u67e5\u627e\u4e24\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u4e4b\u95f4\u5dee\u5f02\u7684\u547d\u4ee4<\/li>\n
  22. cmp<\/strong> – \u9010\u5b57\u8282\u6bd4\u8f83\u4e24\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u547d\u4ee4<\/li>\n
  23. comm<\/strong> – \u6bd4\u8f83\u4e24\u4e2a\u5df2\u6392\u5e8f\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u547d\u4ee4<\/li>\n
  24. sort<\/strong> – \u5bf9\u6587\u4ef6\u5185\u5bb9\u8fdb\u884c\u6392\u5e8f\u7684Linux\u547d\u4ee4<\/li>\n
  25. export<\/strong> – \u5728Linux\u4e2d\u8bbe\u7f6e\u6216\u5bfc\u51fa\u73af\u5883\u53d8\u91cf\u7684\u547d\u4ee4<\/li>\n
  26. zip<\/strong> – \u5728Linux\u4e2d\u538b\u7f29\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u547d\u4ee4<\/li>\n
  27. unzip<\/strong> – \u5728Linux\u4e2d\u89e3\u538bzip\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u547d\u4ee4<\/li>\n
  28. ssh<\/strong> – Linux\u4e2d\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u8fdc\u7a0b\u8fde\u63a5\u547d\u4ee4<\/li>\n
  29. service<\/strong> – \u542f\u52a8\u548c\u505c\u6b62\u7cfb\u7edf\u670d\u52a1\u7684Linux\u547d\u4ee4<\/li>\n
  30. ps<\/strong> – \u663e\u793a\u5f53\u524d\u8fd0\u884c\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684\u547d\u4ee4<\/li>\n
  31. kill\u548ckillall<\/strong> – \u901a\u8fc7\u8fdb\u7a0bID\u6216\u540d\u79f0\u7ec8\u6b62\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684\u547d\u4ee4<\/li>\n
  32. df<\/strong> – \u663e\u793a\u78c1\u76d8\u7a7a\u95f4\u4f7f\u7528\u60c5\u51b5\u7684\u547d\u4ee4<\/li>\n
  33. mount<\/strong> – \u5728Linux\u4e2d\u6302\u8f7d\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u547d\u4ee4<\/li>\n
  34. chmod<\/strong> – \u66f4\u6539\u6587\u4ef6\u6743\u9650\u7684\u547d\u4ee4<\/li>\n
  35. chown<\/strong> – \u66f4\u6539\u6587\u4ef6\u6216\u76ee\u5f55\u6240\u6709\u8005\u7684\u547d\u4ee4<\/li>\n
  36. ifconfig<\/strong> – \u663e\u793a\u7f51\u7edc\u63a5\u53e3\u548cIP\u5730\u5740\u7684\u547d\u4ee4<\/li>\n
  37. traceroute<\/strong> – \u8ddf\u8e2a\u6570\u636e\u5305\u5230\u8fbe\u76ee\u6807\u4e3b\u673a\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\u8def\u5f84<\/li>\n
  38. wget<\/strong> – \u4ece\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u4e0b\u8f7d\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u547d\u4ee4<\/li>\n
  39. ufw<\/strong> – \u7b80\u5355\u7684\u9632\u706b\u5899\u914d\u7f6e\u547d\u4ee4<\/li>\n
  40. iptables<\/strong> – Linux\u5185\u6838\u9632\u706b\u5899\u7684\u914d\u7f6e\u5de5\u5177<\/li>\n
  41. apt\uff0cpacman\uff0cyum\uff0crpm<\/strong> – \u4e0d\u540cLinux\u53d1\u884c\u7248\u7684\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5305\u7ba1\u7406\u5668<\/li>\n
  42. sudo<\/strong> – \u5728Linux\u4e2d\u4ee5\u8d85\u7ea7\u7528\u6237\u6743\u9650\u6267\u884c\u547d\u4ee4\u7684\u5de5\u5177<\/li>\n
  43. cal<\/strong> – \u663e\u793a\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u65e5\u5386\u7684\u547d\u4ee4<\/li>\n
  44. alias<\/strong> – \u4e3a\u5e38\u7528\u547d\u4ee4\u521b\u5efa\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u522b\u540d\u7684\u547d\u4ee4<\/li>\n
  45. dd<\/strong> – \u8f6c\u6362\u548c\u590d\u5236\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u5e38\u7528\u4e8e\u521b\u5efa\u53ef\u542f\u52a8USB\u8bbe\u5907<\/li>\n
  46. whereis<\/strong> – \u67e5\u627e\u547d\u4ee4\u7684\u4e8c\u8fdb\u5236\u6587\u4ef6\u3001\u6e90\u4ee3\u7801\u548c\u624b\u518c\u9875\u4f4d\u7f6e<\/li>\n
  47. whatis<\/strong> – \u663e\u793a\u547d\u4ee4\u7b80\u8981\u63cf\u8ff0\u7684\u547d\u4ee4<\/li>\n
  48. top<\/strong> – \u5b9e\u65f6\u663e\u793a\u8fd0\u884c\u8fdb\u7a0b\u53ca\u5176\u7cfb\u7edf\u8d44\u6e90\u4f7f\u7528\u60c5\u51b5<\/li>\n
  49. useradd\u548cusermod<\/strong> – \u6dfb\u52a0\u65b0\u7528\u6237\u6216\u4fee\u6539\u73b0\u6709\u7528\u6237\u4fe1\u606f\u7684\u547d\u4ee4<\/li>\n
  50. passwd<\/strong> – \u4e3a\u7528\u6237\u521b\u5efa\u6216\u66f4\u6539\u5bc6\u7801\u7684\u547d\u4ee4<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

    \u73b0\u5728\u8ba9\u6211\u4eec\u66f4\u6df1\u5165\u5730\u4e86\u89e3\u6bcf\u4e2a\u547d\u4ee4\uff0c\u5e76\u8be6\u7ec6\u7406\u89e3\u5b83\u4eec\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4e2a\u522b\u547d\u4ee4\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5df2\u7ecf\u6709\u5f88\u591a\u73b0\u6709\u7684\u6587\u7ae0\u3002\u4e3a\u4e86\u65b9\u4fbf\u8d77\u89c1\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u6dfb\u52a0\u6240\u6709\u73b0\u6709\u6587\u7ae0\u7684\u94fe\u63a5\uff0c\u5e76\u5728\u6db5\u76d6\u65b0\u4e3b\u9898\u65f6\u7ee7\u7eed\u66f4\u65b0\u6587\u7ae0\u3002<\/p>\n

    \u5728Linux\u4e2d\u7684ls\u547d\u4ee4<\/h2>\n

    \u8fd9\u662f\u6587\u7ae0\u300a\u5fc5\u987b\u638c\u63e1\u7684\u524d50+\u6761Linux\u547d\u4ee4\u300b\u7684\u7b2c2\u90e8\u5206\uff08\u51716\u90e8\u5206\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n

    ls\u547d\u4ee4\u7528\u4e8e\u5217\u51fa\u5f53\u524d\u5de5\u4f5c\u76ee\u5f55\u4e2d\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u548c\u76ee\u5f55\u3002\u8fd9\u5c06\u662f\u60a8\u5fc5\u987b\u4e86\u89e3\u7684\u6700\u5e38\u7528\u7684Linux\u547d\u4ee4\u4e4b\u4e00\u3002<\/p>\n

    \"Ls\u5982\u60a8\u5728\u4e0a\u65b9\u56fe\u50cf\u4e2d\u6240\u89c1\uff0c\u4ec5\u4f7f\u7528\u547d\u4ee4\u672c\u8eab\u800c\u65e0\u4efb\u4f55\u53c2\u6570\uff0c\u5c06\u4f1a\u4ea7\u751f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5305\u542b\u76ee\u5f55\u4e2d\u6240\u6709\u6587\u4ef6\u548c\u5b50\u76ee\u5f55\u7684\u8f93\u51fa\u3002\u8be5\u547d\u4ee4\u5728\u8f93\u51fa\u6570\u636e\u7684\u663e\u793a\u65b9\u9762\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u5f88\u5927\u7684\u7075\u6d3b\u6027\u3002<\/div>\n

    \u4e86\u89e3\u66f4\u591a\u5173\u4e8e ls \u547d\u4ee4\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\uff08\u94fe\u63a5\u5230\u5b8c\u6574\u6587\u7ae0\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n

    \u5728Linux\u4e2d\u7684pwd\u547d\u4ee4<\/h2>\n

    pwd\u547d\u4ee4\u53ef\u4ee5\u8ba9\u60a8\u5728\u7ec8\u7aef\u4e0a\u6253\u5370\u51fa\u5f53\u524d\u5de5\u4f5c\u76ee\u5f55\u3002\u5b83\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u975e\u5e38\u57fa\u672c\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\uff0c\u5e76\u80fd\u5f88\u597d\u5730\u6ee1\u8db3\u5176\u76ee\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n

    \"Pwd\u73b0\u5728\uff0c\u4f60\u7684\u7ec8\u7aef\u63d0\u793a\u901a\u5e38\u5e94\u8be5\u5df2\u7ecf\u5e26\u6709\u5b8c\u6574\u7684\u76ee\u5f55\u3002\u4f46\u662f\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u6ca1\u6709\u7684\u8bdd\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u547d\u4ee4\u53ef\u4ee5\u5feb\u901f\u67e5\u770b\u6240\u5728\u7684\u76ee\u5f55\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u547d\u4ee4\u7684\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u5e94\u7528\u662f\u5728\u521b\u5efa\u811a\u672c\u65f6\uff0c\u5b83\u53ef\u4ee5\u5e2e\u52a9\u6211\u4eec\u627e\u5230\u811a\u672c\u4fdd\u5b58\u7684\u76ee\u5f55\u3002<\/div>\n

    \u5728Linux\u4e2d\u7684cd\u547d\u4ee4<\/h2>\n

    \u5f53\u5728\u7ec8\u7aef\u5de5\u4f5c\u65f6\uff0c\u79fb\u52a8\u5230\u4e0d\u540c\u76ee\u5f55\u4e2d\u51e0\u4e4e\u662f\u5fc5\u4e0d\u53ef\u5c11\u7684\u3002cd\u547d\u4ee4\u662f\u4f60\u5fc5\u987b\u8981\u4e86\u89e3\u7684\u91cd\u8981Linux\u547d\u4ee4\u4e4b\u4e00\uff0c\u5b83\u5c06\u5e2e\u52a9\u4f60\u6d4f\u89c8\u76ee\u5f55\u3002\u53ea\u9700\u8f93\u5165cd\u547d\u4ee4\uff0c\u540e\u8ddf\u5982\u4e0b\u6240\u793a\u7684\u76ee\u5f55\u3002<\/p>\n

    root@ubuntu:~# cd <directory path><\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
    \"Cd\u6b63\u5982\u4f60\u5728\u4e0a\u9762\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\u4e2d\u6240\u770b\u5230\u7684\uff0c\u6211\u53ea\u9700\u8981\u8f93\u5165cd \/etc\/\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u8fdb\u5165\/etc\u76ee\u5f55\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u4f7f\u7528\u4e86pwd\u547d\u4ee4\u6765\u6253\u5370\u5f53\u524d\u5de5\u4f5c\u76ee\u5f55\u3002<\/div>\n
    \u5728Linux\u4e2d\u7684mkdir\u547d\u4ee4<\/h2>\n
    mkdir\u547d\u4ee4\u5141\u8bb8\u60a8\u5728\u7ec8\u7aef\u5185\u521b\u5efa\u76ee\u5f55\u3002\u9ed8\u8ba4\u7684\u8bed\u6cd5\u662fmkdir\u540e\u8ddf\u76ee\u5f55\u540d\u79f0\u3002<\/p>\n
    root@ubuntu:~# mkdir <folder name><\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
    \"Mkdir\u6b63\u5982\u60a8\u5728\u4e0a\u9762\u7684\u5c4f\u5e55\u622a\u56fe\u4e2d\u6240\u770b\u5230\u7684\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ea\u9700\u4f7f\u7528\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\u5c31\u521b\u5efa\u4e86JournalDev\u76ee\u5f55\u3002<\/div>\n
    \u4e86\u89e3\u66f4\u591a\u5173\u4e8emkdir\u547d\u4ee4\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\uff08\u6587\u7ae0\u94fe\u63a5\uff09<\/p>\n
    \u62f7\u8d1d\uff08cp\uff09\u548c\u79fb\u52a8\uff08mv\uff09\u547d\u4ee4<\/h2>\n
    cp\u548cmv\u547d\u4ee4\u76f8\u5f53\u4e8eWindows\u4e2d\u7684\u590d\u5236-\u7c98\u8d34\u548c\u526a\u5207-\u7c98\u8d34\u3002\u4f46\u7531\u4e8eLinux\u5e76\u6ca1\u6709\u771f\u6b63\u7684\u91cd\u547d\u540d\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4e5f\u4f7f\u7528mv\u547d\u4ee4\u6765\u91cd\u547d\u540d\u6587\u4ef6\u548c\u6587\u4ef6\u5939\u3002<\/p>\n
    root@ubuntu:~# cp <source> <destination><\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
    \"Cp\u5728\u4e0a\u9762\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u521b\u5efa\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u540d\u4e3aSample\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u526f\u672c\u3002\u8ba9\u6211\u4eec\u770b\u770b\u5982\u679c\u6211\u4eec\u4ee5\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u4f7f\u7528mv\u547d\u4ee4\u4f1a\u53d1\u751f\u4ec0\u4e48\u3002\u4e3a\u4e86\u8fdb\u884c\u6f14\u793a\uff0c\u6211\u5c06\u5220\u9664Sample-Copy\u6587\u4ef6\u3002<\/div>\n
    root@ubuntu:~# mv <source> <destination><\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
    \"Mv\u5728\u4e0a\u8ff0\u60c5\u51b5\u4e2d\uff0c\u7531\u4e8e\u6211\u4eec\u662f\u5728\u540c\u4e00\u4e2a\u76ee\u5f55\u4e0b\u79fb\u52a8\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u5b83\u8d77\u5230\u4e86\u91cd\u547d\u540d\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\u3002\u6587\u4ef6\u540d\u73b0\u5728\u5df2\u7ecf\u6539\u53d8\u3002<\/div>\n
    \u4e86\u89e3\u66f4\u591a\u5173\u4e8ecp\u547d\u4ee4\uff08\u6587\u7ae0\u94fe\u63a5\uff09\u548cmv\u547d\u4ee4\uff08\u6587\u7ae0\u94fe\u63a5\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n
    Linux\u4e2d\u7684rm\u547d\u4ee4<\/h2>\n
    \u5728\u524d\u9762\u7684\u90e8\u5206\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5220\u9664\u4e86Sample-Copy\u6587\u4ef6\u3002rm\u547d\u4ee4\u7528\u4e8e\u5220\u9664\u6587\u4ef6\u548c\u6587\u4ef6\u5939\uff0c\u5b83\u662f\u4f60\u5fc5\u987b\u4e86\u89e3\u7684\u91cd\u8981Linux\u547d\u4ee4\u4e4b\u4e00\u3002<\/p>\n
    root@ubuntu:~# rm <file name><\/span>\r\nroot@ubuntu:~# rm -r <folder\/directory name><\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
    \"Rm\u8981\u5220\u9664\u4e00\u4e2a\u76ee\u5f55\uff0c\u5fc5\u987b\u5728\u547d\u4ee4\u540e\u9762\u6dfb\u52a0-r\u53c2\u6570\u3002\u6ca1\u6709-r\u53c2\u6570\uff0crm\u547d\u4ee4\u5c06\u65e0\u6cd5\u5220\u9664\u76ee\u5f55\u3002<\/div>\n
    \u5728Linux\u4e2d\u7684touch\u547d\u4ee4<\/h2>\n
    \u4e3a\u4e86\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u5c06\u4f7f\u7528touch\u547d\u4ee4\u3002touch\u5173\u952e\u8bcd\u540e\u9762\u8ddf\u7740\u6587\u4ef6\u540d\u5c06\u5728\u5f53\u524d\u76ee\u5f55\u4e2d\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u3002<\/p>\n
    root@ubuntu:~# touch <file name><\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
    \"Touch<\/div>\n
    \u5728Linux\u4e2d\u7684ln\u547d\u4ee4<\/h2>\n
    \u8981\u521b\u5efa\u5230\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u94fe\u63a5\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4f7f\u7528ln\u547d\u4ee4\u3002\u8fd9\u662f\u4f60\u8ba1\u5212\u6210\u4e3aLinux\u7ba1\u7406\u5458\u65f6\u5e94\u8be5\u4e86\u89e3\u7684\u91cd\u8981Linux\u547d\u4ee4\u4e4b\u4e00\u3002<\/p>\n
    root@ubuntu:~# ln -s <source path> <link name><\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
    \"Symbolic\u57fa\u672c\u53e5\u6cd5\u5305\u62ec\u4f7f\u7528-s\u53c2\u6570\uff0c\u4ee5\u4fbf\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u521b\u5efa\u7b26\u53f7\u94fe\u63a5\u6216\u8f6f\u94fe\u63a5\u3002<\/div>\n
    cat\u3001echo\u548cless\u547d\u4ee4<\/h2>\n
    \u5f53\u60a8\u60f3\u8981\u8f93\u51fa\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u6216\u5c06\u4efb\u4f55\u5185\u5bb9\u6253\u5370\u5230\u7ec8\u7aef\u8f93\u51fa\u65f6\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4f7f\u7528cat\u6216echo\u547d\u4ee4\u3002\u8ba9\u6211\u4eec\u770b\u770b\u5b83\u4eec\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u7528\u6cd5\u3002\u6211\u5df2\u7ecf\u5728\u6211\u4eec\u4e4b\u524d\u521b\u5efa\u7684New-File\u4e2d\u6dfb\u52a0\u4e86\u4e00\u4e9b\u6587\u672c\u3002<\/p>\n
    root@ubuntu:~# cat <file name><\/span>\r\nroot@ubuntu:~# echo <Text to print on terminal><\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
    \"Cat\u6b63\u5982\u60a8\u5728\u4e0a\u8ff0\u793a\u4f8b\u4e2d\u6240\u770b\u5230\u7684\uff0c\u5f53\u6211\u4eec\u5728”New-File”\u4e0a\u4f7f\u7528cat\u547d\u4ee4\u65f6\uff0c\u5b83\u4f1a\u6253\u5370\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u3002\u4e0e\u6b64\u540c\u65f6\uff0c\u5f53\u6211\u4eec\u4f7f\u7528echo\u547d\u4ee4\u65f6\uff0c\u5b83\u4f1a\u7b80\u5355\u5730\u6253\u5370\u51fa\u547d\u4ee4\u540e\u9762\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u3002<\/div>\n
    \u5f53\u4efb\u4f55\u547d\u4ee4\u7684\u8f93\u51fa\u8d85\u51fa\u5c4f\u5e55\u7a7a\u95f4\u5e76\u9700\u8981\u6eda\u52a8\u65f6\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528less\u547d\u4ee4\u3002less\u547d\u4ee4\u5141\u8bb8\u6211\u4eec\u901a\u8fc7\u4f7f\u7528\u56de\u8f66\u952e\u6216\u7a7a\u683c\u952e\u5206\u5272\u8f93\u51fa\u5e76\u6eda\u52a8\u67e5\u770b\u3002<\/p>\n
    \u7528\u7ba1\u9053\u8fd0\u7b97\u7b26\uff08|\uff09\u6765\u7b80\u5355\u5730\u5b8c\u6210\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4efb\u52a1\u3002<\/p>\n
    root@ubuntu:~# cat \/boot\/grub\/grub.cfg  | less<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
    \u4e86\u89e3\u66f4\u591a\u5173\u4e8eecho\u547d\u4ee4\uff08\u6587\u7ae0\u94fe\u63a5\uff09\u548ccat\u547d\u4ee4\uff08\u6587\u7ae0\u94fe\u63a5\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n
    \u5728Linux\u4e2d\u7684man\u547d\u4ee4<\/h2>\n
    \u5728Linux\u4e2d\uff0cman\u547d\u4ee4\u662f\u975e\u5e38\u6709\u7528\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\uff0c\u4f60\u5fc5\u987b\u8981\u77e5\u9053\u3002\u5728\u4f7f\u7528Linux\u65f6\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4e0b\u8f7d\u7684\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5305\u53ef\u80fd\u6709\u5f88\u591a\u529f\u80fd\u3002\u8981\u4e86\u89e3\u5168\u90e8\u662f\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n
    \u5728\u4f60\u7684Linux\u53d1\u884c\u7248\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5305\u7ba1\u7406\u5668\u4e0b\u8f7d\u7684\u51e0\u4e4e\u6240\u6709\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5305\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u4fe1\u606f\uff0cman\u9875\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u975e\u5e38\u9ad8\u6548\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002<\/p>\n
    root@ubuntu:~# man <command><\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
    uname\u547d\u4ee4\u548cwhoami\u547d\u4ee4<\/h2>\n
    uname\u548cwhoami\u547d\u4ee4\u8ba9\u60a8\u4e86\u89e3\u4e00\u4e9b\u57fa\u672c\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u8fd9\u5bf9\u60a8\u5728\u5904\u7406\u591a\u4e2a\u7cfb\u7edf\u65f6\u975e\u5e38\u65b9\u4fbf\u3002\u4e00\u822c\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u60a8\u53ea\u662f\u5728\u4f7f\u7528\u4e00\u53f0\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\uff0c\u60a8\u53ef\u80fd\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u5b83\uff0c\u4f46\u5bf9\u4e8e\u7f51\u7edc\u7ba1\u7406\u5458\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u5b83\u4f1a\u7ecf\u5e38\u7528\u5230\u3002<\/p>\n
    \u8ba9\u6211\u4eec\u770b\u770b\u8fd9\u4e24\u4e2a\u547d\u4ee4\u7684\u8f93\u51fa\u7ed3\u679c\u4ee5\u53ca\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u5b83\u4eec\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002<\/p>\n
    root@ubuntu:~# uname -a<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
    \"Uname\u6211\u8f93\u5165\u7ed9uname\u7684\u53c2\u6570-a\u4ee3\u8868”all”\uff0c\u8fd9\u4f1a\u6253\u5370\u51fa\u5b8c\u6574\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u3002\u5982\u679c\u4e0d\u6dfb\u52a0\u8be5\u53c2\u6570\uff0c\u4f60\u5c06\u53ea\u4f1a\u5f97\u5230\u8f93\u51fa\u4e3a”Linux”\u3002<\/div>\n
    tar\u3001zip\u548cunzip\u547d\u4ee4<\/h2>\n
    \u5728Linux\u4e2d\uff0ctar\u547d\u4ee4\u7528\u4e8e\u521b\u5efa\u548c\u63d0\u53d6\u5b58\u6863\u6587\u4ef6\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528tar\u547d\u4ee4\u63d0\u53d6\u591a\u4e2a\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u5b58\u6863\u6587\u4ef6\u3002<\/p>\n
    \u4e3a\u4e86\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b58\u6863\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4f7f\u7528”-c”\u53c2\u6570\uff1b\u800c\u4e3a\u4e86\u63d0\u53d6\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b58\u6863\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4f7f\u7528”-x”\u53c2\u6570\u3002\u8ba9\u6211\u4eec\u770b\u770b\u5b83\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u8fc7\u7a0b\u3002<\/p>\n
    #\u538b\u7f29<\/span>\r\nroot@ubuntu:~# tar -cvf <\u5b58\u6863\u6587\u4ef6\u540d> <\u4ee5\u7a7a\u683c\u5206\u9694\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u5217\u8868><\/span>\r\n#\u89e3\u538b<\/span>\r\nroot@ubuntu:~# tar -xvf <\u5b58\u6863\u6587\u4ef6\u540d><\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
    \"Tar<\/div>\n
    \u5728\u7b2c\u4e00\u884c\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4f7f\u7528New-File\u548cNew-File-Link\u521b\u5efa\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u540d\u4e3aCompress.tar\u7684\u5f52\u6863\u6587\u4ef6\u3002\u5728\u4e0b\u4e00\u4e2a\u547d\u4ee4\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4ece\u8be5\u5f52\u6863\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u63d0\u53d6\u4e86\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6587\u4ef6\u3002<\/p>\n
    zip\u548cunzip\u547d\u4ee4<\/h2>\n
    \u73b0\u5728\u6211\u4eec\u6765\u770b\u4e00\u4e0bzip\u548cunzip\u547d\u4ee4\u3002\u8fd9\u4e24\u4e2a\u547d\u4ee4\u975e\u5e38\u7b80\u5355\u3002\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e0d\u5e26\u4efb\u4f55\u53c2\u6570\u4f7f\u7528\u5b83\u4eec\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u4f1a\u50cf\u9884\u671f\u7684\u90a3\u6837\u5de5\u4f5c\u3002\u8ba9\u6211\u4eec\u770b\u4e00\u4e2a\u4f8b\u5b50\u3002<\/p>\n
    root@ubuntu:~# zip <\u5b58\u6863\u6587\u4ef6\u540d> <\u4ee5\u7a7a\u683c\u5206\u9694\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u5217\u8868><\/span>\r\nroot@ubuntu:~# unzip <\u5b58\u6863\u6587\u4ef6\u540d><\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
    \"Zip<\/div>\n
    \u56e0\u4e3a\u6211\u4eec\u5df2\u7ecf\u5728\u540c\u4e00\u4e2a\u76ee\u5f55\u4e2d\u62e5\u6709\u90a3\u4e9b\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u89e3\u538b\u547d\u4ee4\u5728\u8986\u76d6\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6587\u4ef6\u4e4b\u524d\u4f1a\u63d0\u793a\u6211\u4eec\u3002<\/p>\n
    \u4e86\u89e3\u6709\u5173 tar \u547d\u4ee4<\/a> \u7684\u66f4\u591a\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca zip \u548c unzip \u547d\u4ee4<\/a>\u3002<\/p>\n
    \u5728Linux\u4e2d\u7684grep\u547d\u4ee4<\/h2>\n
    \u5982\u679c\u4f60\u60f3\u5728\u7ed3\u679c\u4e2d\u641c\u7d22\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528grep\u547d\u4ee4\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06\u8f93\u51fa\u901a\u8fc7\u7ba1\u9053\uff08|\uff09\u4f20\u9012\u7ed9grep\u547d\u4ee4\uff0c\u4ece\u4e2d\u63d0\u53d6\u6240\u9700\u7684\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u3002<\/p>\n
    root@ubuntu:~# <\u4efb\u4f55\u6709\u8f93\u51fa\u7684\u547d\u4ee4> | grep \"<\u8981\u67e5\u627e\u7684\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32>\"<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
    \"Grep<\/div>\n
    \u8fd9\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5bf9\u547d\u4ee4\u7684\u7b80\u5355\u6f14\u793a\u3002\u4e86\u89e3\u66f4\u591a\u5173\u4e8egrep\u547d\u4ee4<\/a>\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u3002<\/p>\n
    head\u548ctail\u547d\u4ee4<\/h2>\n
    \u5f53\u8f93\u51fa\u5927\u6587\u4ef6\u65f6\uff0chead\u548ctail\u547d\u4ee4\u975e\u5e38\u6709\u7528\u3002\u6211\u5df2\u7ecf\u521b\u5efa\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u540d\u4e3a”Words”\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u6309\u5b57\u6bcd\u987a\u5e8f\u6392\u5217\u4e86\u8bb8\u591a\u5355\u8bcd\u3002head\u547d\u4ee4\u5c06\u8f93\u51fa\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u524d10\u884c\uff0c\u800ctail\u547d\u4ee4\u5c06\u8f93\u51fa\u6700\u540e10\u884c\u3002\u8fd9\u4e5f\u5305\u62ec\u4efb\u4f55\u7a7a\u884c\uff0c\u4e0d\u4ec5\u4ec5\u662f\u5305\u542b\u6587\u672c\u7684\u884c\u3002<\/p>\n
    root@ubuntu:~# head <\u6587\u4ef6\u540d><\/span>\r\nroot@ubuntu:~# tail <\u6587\u4ef6\u540d><\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
    \"Head<\/div>\n
    \u6b63\u5982\u4f60\u6240\u89c1\uff0chead\u547d\u4ee4\u663e\u793a\u4e86\u6587\u4ef6\u9876\u90e8\u768410\u884c\u5185\u5bb9\u3002<\/p>\n
    \"Tail<\/div>\n
    tail\u547d\u4ee4\u8f93\u51fa\u4e86\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u7684\u6700\u540e10\u884c\u3002<\/p>\n
    \u4e86\u89e3\u6709\u5173tail\u547d\u4ee4<\/a>\u7684\u66f4\u591a\u4fe1\u606f\u3002<\/p>\n
    diff\u3001comm\u3001cmp \u547d\u4ee4\u7684\u529f\u80fd<\/h2>\n
    Linux\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u591a\u4e2a\u547d\u4ee4\u6765\u6bd4\u8f83\u6587\u4ef6\u3002diff\u3001comm\u548ccmp\u547d\u4ee4\u7528\u4e8e\u6bd4\u8f83\u5dee\u5f02\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u662f\u4f60\u5fc5\u987b\u638c\u63e1\u7684\u6700\u6709\u7528\u7684Linux\u547d\u4ee4\u4e4b\u4e00\u3002\u8ba9\u6211\u4eec\u770b\u770b\u8fd9\u4e09\u4e2a\u547d\u4ee4\u7684\u9ed8\u8ba4\u8f93\u51fa\u3002<\/p>\n
    root@ubuntu:~# diff <\u6587\u4ef61> <\u6587\u4ef62><\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
    \"Diff<\/div>\n
    \u6b63\u5982\u4f60\u6240\u770b\u5230\u7684\uff0c\u6211\u5728”\u65b0\u6587\u4ef6-\u5df2\u7f16\u8f91”\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u6dfb\u52a0\u4e86\u4e00\u5c0f\u6bb5\u6587\u5b57\uff0c”\u8fd9\u884c\u6587\u5b57\u5df2\u7f16\u8f91”\u3002<\/p>\n
    root@ubuntu:~# cmp <\u6587\u4ef61> <\u6587\u4ef62><\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
    \"Cmp<\/div>\n
    cmp\u547d\u4ee4\u53ea\u544a\u8bc9\u6211\u4eec\u54ea\u4e00\u884c\u662f\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\uff0c\u5e76\u4e0d\u663e\u793a\u5b9e\u9645\u6587\u672c\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u6765\u770b\u4e00\u4e0bcomm\u547d\u4ee4\u505a\u4e86\u4ec0\u4e48\u3002<\/p>\n
    root@ubuntu:~# comm <\u6587\u4ef61> <\u6587\u4ef62><\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
    \"Comm<\/div>\n
    \u5de6\u5bf9\u9f50\u7684\u6587\u672c\u662f\u4ec5\u5728\u6587\u4ef61\u4e2d\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u6587\u672c\u3002\u5c45\u4e2d\u5bf9\u9f50\u7684\u6587\u672c\u4ec5\u5728\u6587\u4ef62\u4e2d\u5b58\u5728\u3002\u53f3\u5bf9\u9f50\u7684\u6587\u672c\u5219\u540c\u65f6\u5b58\u5728\u4e8e\u4e24\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u3002<\/p>\n
    \u4ece\u5916\u8868\u770b\uff0c\u5f53\u6211\u4eec\u8bd5\u56fe\u6bd4\u8f83\u8f83\u5927\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u5e76\u5e0c\u671b\u5c06\u6240\u6709\u5185\u5bb9\u6574\u9f50\u5730\u663e\u793a\u5728\u4e00\u8d77\u65f6\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528comm\u547d\u4ee4\u662f\u6700\u660e\u667a\u7684\u9009\u62e9\u3002<\/p>\n
    Linux\u4e2d\u7684sort\u547d\u4ee4<\/h2>\n
    sort\u547d\u4ee4\u5c06\u4e3a\u6587\u4ef6\u5185\u5bb9\u63d0\u4f9b\u6392\u5e8f\u7684\u8f93\u51fa\u3002\u8ba9\u6211\u4eec\u4f7f\u7528\u6ca1\u6709\u4efb\u4f55\u53c2\u6570\u7684\u6392\u5e8f\u547d\u4ee4\u5e76\u67e5\u770b\u8f93\u51fa\u7ed3\u679c\u3002<\/p>\n
    sort\u547d\u4ee4\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u8bed\u6cd5\u662f\uff1a<\/p>\n
    root@ubuntu:~# sort <\u6587\u4ef6\u540d><\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
    \"Sort<\/div>\n
    \u5728Linux\u4e2d\u7684export\u547d\u4ee4<\/h2>\n
    \u5f53\u9700\u8981\u5728\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u5bfc\u51fa\u73af\u5883\u53d8\u91cf\u65f6\uff0c\u7279\u522b\u4f7f\u7528export\u547d\u4ee4\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u82e5\u6211\u60f3\u8981\u66f4\u65b0bash\u63d0\u793a\u7b26\uff0c\u6211\u4f1a\u66f4\u65b0PS1\u73af\u5883\u53d8\u91cf\u3002\u7acb\u5373\u751f\u6548\u540e\uff0cbash\u63d0\u793a\u7b26\u5c06\u88ab\u66f4\u65b0\u3002<\/p>\n
    root@ubuntu:~# export <\u53d8\u91cf\u540d>=<\u503c><\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
    \"Export<\/div>\n
    \u5982\u679c\u7531\u4e8e\u67d0\u79cd\u539f\u56e0\uff0c\u60a8\u7684bash\u63d0\u793a\u7b26\u6ca1\u6709\u66f4\u65b0\uff0c\u8bf7\u952e\u5165bash\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u60a8\u5e94\u8be5\u80fd\u770b\u5230\u66f4\u65b0\u540e\u7684\u7ec8\u7aef\u63d0\u793a\u7b26\u3002<\/p>\n
    \u4e86\u89e3\u66f4\u591a\u5173\u4e8eexport\u547d\u4ee4<\/a>\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u3002<\/p>\n
    \u5728Linux\u4e2d\u7684ssh\u547d\u4ee4<\/h2>\n
    \u901a\u8fc7\u4f7f\u7528ssh\u534f\u8bae\uff0cssh\u547d\u4ee4\u53ef\u4ee5\u8ba9\u6211\u4eec\u8fde\u63a5\u5230\u7f51\u7edc\u4e0a\u7684\u5916\u90e8\u673a\u5668\u3002ssh\u547d\u4ee4\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u8bed\u6cd5\u662f\uff1a<\/p>\n
    root@ubuntu:~ -->><\/span> ssh<\/span> \u7528\u6237\u540d@\u4e3b\u673a\u540d\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
    \u4e86\u89e3\u66f4\u591a\u5173\u4e8essh\u547d\u4ee4<\/a>\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u3002<\/p>\n
    Linux\u4e2d\u7684service\u547d\u4ee4<\/h2>\n
    service\u547d\u4ee4\u7528\u4e8e\u7ba1\u7406\u7cfb\u7edf\u670d\u52a1\u3002\u5b83\u53ef\u4ee5\u542f\u52a8\u3001\u505c\u6b62\u3001\u91cd\u542f\u548c\u67e5\u8be2\u7cfb\u7edf\u670d\u52a1\u7684\u72b6\u6001\u3002<\/p>\n
    root@ubuntu:~# service <\u670d\u52a1\u540d> <\u64cd\u4f5c><\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
    \u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u8981\u542f\u52a8Apache\u670d\u52a1\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\uff1a<\/p>\n
    root@ubuntu:~# service apache2 start<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
    \u4e86\u89e3\u66f4\u591a\u5173\u4e8eservice\u547d\u4ee4<\/a>\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u3002<\/p>\n
    \u5728Linux\u4e2d\uff0cservice\u547d\u4ee4\u7528\u4e8e\u542f\u52a8\u548c\u505c\u6b62\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u5185\u7684\u4e0d\u540c\u670d\u52a1\u3002\u8be5\u547d\u4ee4\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u8bed\u6cd5\u5982\u4e0b\u3002<\/p>\n
    root@ubuntu:~ -->><\/span> service<\/span> ssh<\/span> status\r\nroot@ubuntu:~ -->><\/span> service<\/span> ssh<\/span> stop\r\nroot@ubuntu:~ -->><\/span> service<\/span> ssh<\/span> start \r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
    \"Service\u547d\u4ee4\"<\/div>\n
    \u6b63\u5982\u60a8\u5728\u56fe\u50cf\u4e2d\u6240\u89c1\uff0cSSH\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u6b63\u5728\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e0a\u8fd0\u884c\u3002<\/p>\n
    ps\u547d\u4ee4\u3001kill\u547d\u4ee4\u548ckillall\u547d\u4ee4<\/h2>\n
    \u8bf4\u5230\u8fdb\u7a0b\uff0c\u8ba9\u6211\u4eec\u770b\u770b\u5982\u4f55\u627e\u5230\u6d3b\u52a8\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5e76\u7ec8\u6b62\u5b83\u4eec\u3002\u8981\u627e\u5230\u6b63\u5728\u8fd0\u884c\u7684\u8fdb\u7a0b\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ea\u9700\u5728\u7ec8\u7aef\u63d0\u793a\u7b26\u4e2d\u952e\u5165ps\u547d\u4ee4\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u83b7\u53d6\u6b63\u5728\u8fd0\u884c\u7684\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5217\u8868\u3002<\/p>\n
    root@ubuntu:~ -->><\/span> ps<\/span> \r\nroot@ubuntu:~ -->><\/span> kill<\/span> <<\/span>\u8fdb\u7a0bID><\/span>\r\nroot@ubuntu:~ -->><\/span> killall<\/span> <<\/span>\u8fdb\u7a0b\u540d\u79f0><\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
    \u4e3a\u4e86\u6f14\u793a\u76ee\u7684\uff0c\u6211\u6b63\u5728\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u5e26\u6709\u65e0\u9650\u5faa\u73af\u7684shell\u811a\u672c\uff0c\u5e76\u5c06\u5176\u5728\u540e\u53f0\u8fd0\u884c\u3002<\/p>\n
    \u901a\u8fc7\u4f7f\u7528 & \u7b26\u53f7\uff0c\u6211\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06\u4e00\u4e2a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u653e\u5230\u540e\u53f0\u8fd0\u884c\u3002\u5982\u4f60\u6240\u89c1\uff0c\u521b\u5efa\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u5177\u6709 PID 14490 \u7684\u65b0\u7684 bash \u8fdb\u7a0b\u3002<\/p>\n
    \"ps\u547d\u4ee4\"<\/div>\n
    \u73b0\u5728\uff0c\u8981\u4f7f\u7528kill\u547d\u4ee4\u7ec8\u6b62\u4e00\u4e2a\u8fdb\u7a0b\uff0c\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u8f93\u5165kill\u52a0\u4e0a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684PID\u3002<\/p>\n
    \"kill\u547d\u4ee4\"<\/div>\n
    \u4f46\u5982\u679c\u60a8\u4e0d\u77e5\u9053\u8fdb\u7a0bID\uff0c\u53ea\u60f3\u7ec8\u6b62\u5177\u6709\u8be5\u540d\u79f0\u7684\u8fdb\u7a0b\uff0c\u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528killall\u547d\u4ee4\u3002<\/p>\n
    \"killall\u547d\u4ee4\"<\/div>\n
    \u4f60\u4f1a\u6ce8\u610f\u5230PID 14490\u4e00\u76f4\u4fdd\u6301\u6d3b\u52a8\u72b6\u6001\u3002\u8fd9\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u8fd9\u4e24\u6b21\u6211\u90fd\u7ec8\u6b62\u4e86\u7761\u7720\u8fdb\u7a0b\u3002<\/p>\n
    \u4e86\u89e3\u66f4\u591a\u5173\u4e8e ps \u547d\u4ee4<\/a>\u3002<\/p>\n
    df\u547d\u4ee4\u548cmount\u547d\u4ee4<\/h2>\n
    \u5728\u4f7f\u7528Linux\u65f6\uff0cdf\u548cmount\u547d\u4ee4\u662f\u975e\u5e38\u9ad8\u6548\u7684\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u6302\u8f7d\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u5e76\u83b7\u53d6\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u8be6\u7ec6\u4fe1\u606f\u3002<\/p>\n
    \u5f53\u6211\u8bf4\u6302\u8f7d\u65f6\uff0c\u610f\u601d\u662f\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u628a\u8bbe\u5907\u8fde\u63a5\u5230\u4e00\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u5939\uff0c\u4ee5\u4fbf\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u4ece\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u8bbf\u95ee\u6587\u4ef6\u3002\u6302\u8f7d\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u9ed8\u8ba4\u8bed\u6cd5\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<\/p>\n
    root@ubuntu:~ -->><\/span> mount<\/span> \/dev\/cdrom \/mnt\r\nroot@ubuntu:~ -->><\/span> df<\/span> -h<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
    \u5728\u4e0a\u8ff0\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\/dev\/cdrom\u662f\u9700\u8981\u6302\u8f7d\u7684\u8bbe\u5907\u3002\u901a\u5e38\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u53ef\u6302\u8f7d\u8bbe\u5907\u4f4d\u4e8e\/dev\u6587\u4ef6\u5939\u5185\u3002\/mnt\u662f\u6302\u8f7d\u8bbe\u5907\u7684\u76ee\u6807\u6587\u4ef6\u5939\u3002\u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u66f4\u6539\u4e3a\u4efb\u610f\u60a8\u60f3\u8981\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u5939\uff0c\u4f46\u6211\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u662f\/mnt\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5b83\u57fa\u672c\u4e0a\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u7528\u4e8e\u6302\u8f7d\u8bbe\u5907\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u9ed8\u8ba4\u6587\u4ef6\u5939\u3002<\/p>\n
    \u8981\u67e5\u770b\u5df2\u6302\u8f7d\u7684\u8bbe\u5907\u5e76\u83b7\u53d6\u66f4\u591a\u5173\u4e8e\u5b83\u4eec\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4f7f\u7528df\u547d\u4ee4\u3002\u53ea\u9700\u8f93\u5165df\u547d\u4ee4\uff0c\u5c06\u4f1a\u7ed9\u51fa\u4ee5\u5b57\u8282\u4e3a\u5355\u4f4d\u7684\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u4e0d\u53ef\u8bfb\u7684\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u4f7f\u7528-h\u53c2\u6570\u6765\u4f7f\u6570\u636e\u4ee5\u4eba\u7c7b\u53ef\u8bfb\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u5448\u73b0\u3002<\/p>\n
    \"df\u547d\u4ee4\"<\/div>\n
    \u4e86\u89e3\u66f4\u591a\u6709\u5173df\u547d\u4ee4<\/a>\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u3002<\/p>\n
    chmod \u548c chown \u547d\u4ee4<\/h2>\n
    chmod\u548cchown\u547d\u4ee4\u4e3a\u6211\u4eec\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u66f4\u6539\u6587\u4ef6\u6743\u9650\u548c\u6587\u4ef6\u6240\u6709\u6743\u7684\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e24\u4e2a\u662f\u4f60\u5e94\u8be5\u4e86\u89e3\u7684\u6700\u91cd\u8981\u7684Linux\u547d\u4ee4\u3002<\/p>\n
    \u8fd9\u4e24\u4e2a\u547d\u4ee4\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u533a\u522b\u662fchmod\u547d\u4ee4\u5141\u8bb8\u66f4\u6539\u6587\u4ef6\u6743\u9650\uff0c\u800cchown\u5141\u8bb8\u6211\u4eec\u66f4\u6539\u6587\u4ef6\u6240\u6709\u8005\u3002<\/p>\n
    \u4e24\u4e2a\u547d\u4ee4\u7684\u9ed8\u8ba4\u8bed\u6cd5\u90fd\u662fchmod <\u53c2\u6570> \u6587\u4ef6\u540d\u548cchown \u7528\u6237\u540d:\u7528\u6237\u7ec4 \u6587\u4ef6\u540d\u3002<\/p>\n
    root@ubuntu:~ -->><\/span> chmod<\/span> +x loop.sh\r\nroot@ubuntu:~ -->><\/span> chown<\/span> root:root loop.sh\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
    \"chmod\u547d\u4ee4\"<\/div>\n
    \u5728\u4e0a\u9762\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4f7f\u7528chmod\u547d\u4ee4\u5411loop.sh\u6587\u4ef6\u6dfb\u52a0\u4e86\u53ef\u6267\u884c\u6743\u9650\u3002\u9664\u6b64\u4e4b\u5916\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u8fd8\u4f7f\u7528chown\u547d\u4ee4\u5c06\u5176\u4ec5\u9650\u5236\u4e3aroot\u7528\u6237\u548croot\u7ec4\u5185\u7684\u7528\u6237\u53ef\u8bbf\u95ee\u3002<\/p>\n
    \"chown\u547d\u4ee4\"<\/div>\n
    \u6b63\u5982\u60a8\u5c06\u4f1a\u6ce8\u610f\u5230\u7684\uff0c\u6839\u76ee\u5f55\u90e8\u5206\u73b0\u5728\u5df2\u66f4\u6539\u4e3awww-data\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u5177\u6709\u5b8c\u5168\u6587\u4ef6\u6240\u6709\u6743\u7684\u65b0\u7528\u6237\u3002<\/p>\n
    \u4e86\u89e3\u66f4\u591a\u5173\u4e8echmod\u547d\u4ee4<\/a>\u548cchown\u547d\u4ee4<\/a>\u3002<\/p>\n
    ifconfig\u548ctraceroute\u547d\u4ee4<\/h2>\n
    \u5728Linux\u4e2d\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u60a8\u7ba1\u7406\u7f51\u7edc\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u4f1a\u9891\u7e41\u4f7f\u7528\u5230ifconfig\u548ctraceroute\u547d\u4ee4\u3002\u8fd9\u4e24\u4e2a\u547d\u4ee4\u662f\u7f51\u7edc\u7ba1\u7406\u4e2d\u7ecf\u5e38\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u5de5\u5177\u3002<\/p>\n
    ifconfig\u547d\u4ee4\u5c06\u63d0\u4f9b\u7f51\u7edc\u63a5\u53e3\u5217\u8868\uff0c\u5305\u62ecIP\u5730\u5740\u3001MAC\u5730\u5740\u4ee5\u53ca\u5176\u4ed6\u63a5\u53e3\u76f8\u5173\u4fe1\u606f\u3002<\/p>\n
    root@ubuntu:~ -->><\/span> ifconfig<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
    \u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\uff0c\u6709\u591a\u4e2a\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u53c2\u6570\uff0c\u4f46\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u4f7f\u7528\u57fa\u672c\u547d\u4ee4\u3002<\/p>\n
    \"ifconfig\u547d\u4ee4\"<\/div>\n
    \u5f53\u4f7f\u7528 traceroute \u65f6\uff0c\u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u7b80\u5355\u5730\u6307\u5b9a\u7ec8\u70b9\u7684 IP \u5730\u5740\u3001\u4e3b\u673a\u540d\u6216\u57df\u540d\u3002<\/p>\n
    root@ubuntu:~ -->><\/span> traceroute<\/span> <<\/span>\u76ee\u6807\u5730\u5740><\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
    \"traceroute\u547d\u4ee4\"<\/div>\n
    \u73b0\u5728\u5f88\u660e\u663e\uff0clocalhost\u53ea\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u8dc3\u70b9\uff08\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u7f51\u7edc\u63a5\u53e3\u672c\u8eab\uff09\u3002\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u4efb\u4f55\u5176\u4ed6\u57df\u540d\u6216IP\u5730\u5740\u5c1d\u8bd5\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\uff0c\u4ee5\u67e5\u770b\u4f60\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5305\u5230\u8fbe\u76ee\u7684\u5730\u6240\u7ecf\u8fc7\u7684\u6240\u6709\u8def\u7531\u5668\u3002<\/p>\n
    \u4e86\u89e3\u6709\u5173ifconfig\u547d\u4ee4\u7684\u66f4\u591a\u4fe1\u606f\uff08\u6587\u7ae0\u94fe\u63a5\uff09<\/p>\n
    Linux \u4e2d\u7684 wget \u547d\u4ee4<\/h2>\n
    \u5982\u679c\u4f60\u60f3\u901a\u8fc7\u7ec8\u7aef\u4e0b\u8f7d\u4e00\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\uff0cwget \u547d\u4ee4\u662f\u5176\u4e2d\u4e00\u4e2a\u6700\u65b9\u4fbf\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u5b9e\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u3002\u5f53\u4f60\u5904\u7406\u6e90\u6587\u4ef6\u65f6\uff0c\u8fd9\u5c06\u662f\u4f60\u5e94\u8be5\u4e86\u89e3\u7684\u91cd\u8981 Linux \u547d\u4ee4\u4e4b\u4e00\u3002<\/p>\n
    \u5f53\u60a8\u6307\u5b9a\u4e0b\u8f7d\u94fe\u63a5\u65f6\uff0c\u5fc5\u987b\u76f4\u63a5\u94fe\u63a5\u5230\u6587\u4ef6\u3002\u5982\u679c\u4f7f\u7528wget\u547d\u4ee4\u65e0\u6cd5\u8bbf\u95ee\u8be5\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u5b83\u5c06\u4ec5\u4ee5HTML\u683c\u5f0f\u4e0b\u8f7d\u7f51\u9875\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u60a8\u60f3\u8981\u7684\u5b9e\u9645\u6587\u4ef6\u3002<\/p>\n
    \u8ba9\u6211\u4eec\u8bd5\u4e00\u4e2a\u4f8b\u5b50\u3002wget\u547d\u4ee4\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u8bed\u6cd5\u662f\uff1a<\/p>\n
    root@ubuntu:~ -->> wget <\u6587\u4ef6\u94fe\u63a5>\r\n\u6216\u8005\r\nroot@ubuntu:~ -->> wget -c <\u6587\u4ef6\u94fe\u63a5>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
    \u4f7f\u7528-c\u53c2\u6570\u53ef\u4ee5\u6062\u590d\u88ab\u4e2d\u65ad\u7684\u4e0b\u8f7d\u3002<\/p>\n
    ufw\u548ciptables\u547d\u4ee4<\/h2>\n
    UFW\u548cIPTables\u662fLinux\u5185\u6838netfilter\u9632\u706b\u5899\u7684\u754c\u9762\u3002IPTables\u76f4\u63a5\u5c06\u9632\u706b\u5899\u89c4\u5219\u4f20\u9012\u7ed9netfilter\uff0c\u800cUFW\u5219\u914d\u7f6eIPTables\u4e2d\u7684\u89c4\u5219\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u5c06\u8fd9\u4e9b\u89c4\u5219\u53d1\u9001\u5230netfilter\u3002<\/p>\n
    \u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981UFW\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u4f7f\u7528IPTables\u5462\uff1f\u56e0\u4e3a\u5bf9\u4e8e\u65b0\u624b\u6765\u8bf4\uff0cIPTables\u76f8\u5f53\u56f0\u96be\u3002\u800cUFW\u80fd\u591f\u6781\u5927\u5730\u7b80\u5316\u4e8b\u52a1\u3002\u8bf7\u770b\u4e0b\u9762\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u6b63\u5728\u5c1d\u8bd5\u5141\u8bb8Web\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u7aef\u53e380\u3002<\/p>\n
    root@ubuntu:~# iptables -A INPUT -p tcp -m tcp --dport 80 -j ACCEPT\r\nroot@ubuntu:~# ufw allow 80\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
    \u6211\u76f8\u4fe1\u4f60\u73b0\u5728\u77e5\u9053\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u521b\u5efa\u4e86UFW\uff01\u770b\u770b\u8bed\u6cd5\u53d8\u5f97\u591a\u4e48\u7b80\u5355\u3002\u8fd9\u4e24\u4e2a\u9632\u706b\u5899\u90fd\u975e\u5e38\u5168\u9762\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u8ba9\u4f60\u521b\u5efa\u7f51\u7edc\u6240\u9700\u7684\u4efb\u4f55\u914d\u7f6e\u3002\u81f3\u5c11\u5b66\u4e60UFW\u6216IPTables\u9632\u706b\u5899\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u77e5\u8bc6\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u8fd9\u4e9b\u662f\u4f60\u5fc5\u987b\u4e86\u89e3\u7684Linux\u547d\u4ee4\u3002<\/p>\n
    \u5b66\u4e60\u5982\u4f55\u5728Linux\u4e0a\u6253\u5f00\u7aef\u53e3\uff08\u8fde\u63a5\u5230\u6587\u7ae0\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n
    \u5728Linux\u4e2d\u7684\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5305\u7ba1\u7406\u5668<\/h2>\n
    \u4e0d\u540c\u7684Linux\u53d1\u884c\u7248\u4f7f\u7528\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5305\u7ba1\u7406\u5668\u3002\u7531\u4e8e\u6211\u4eec\u6b63\u5728\u4f7f\u7528Ubuntu\u670d\u52a1\u5668\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u6709apt\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5305\u7ba1\u7406\u5668\u3002\u4f46\u5bf9\u4e8e\u5728Fedora\uff0cRed Hat\uff0cArch\u6216CentOS\u673a\u5668\u4e0a\u5de5\u4f5c\u7684\u4eba\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5305\u7ba1\u7406\u5668\u662f\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n
      \n
    • Debian\u548c\u57fa\u4e8eDebian\u7684\u53d1\u884c\u7248 – apt install<\/li>\n
    • Arch\u548c\u57fa\u4e8eArch\u7684\u53d1\u884c\u7248 – pacman -S<\/li>\n
    • Red Hat\u548c\u57fa\u4e8eRed Hat\u7684\u53d1\u884c\u7248 – yum install<\/li>\n
    • Fedora\u548cCentOS – yum install<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
      \u719f\u6089\u60a8\u6240\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u53d1\u884c\u7248\u7684\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5305\u7ba1\u7406\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u5bf9\u4e8e\u60a8\u957f\u671f\u6765\u8bf4\u4f1a\u4f7f\u4e8b\u60c5\u53d8\u5f97\u66f4\u52a0\u5bb9\u6613\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u5373\u4f7f\u60a8\u5df2\u7ecf\u5b89\u88c5\u4e86\u57fa\u4e8e\u56fe\u5f62\u754c\u9762\u7684\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5305\u7ba1\u7406\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u5728\u60a8\u5f00\u59cb\u4f7f\u7528\u56fe\u5f62\u754c\u9762\u5de5\u5177\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u5c1d\u8bd5\u5148\u4f7f\u7528\u57fa\u4e8e\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u7684\u5de5\u5177\u3002\u5c06\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6dfb\u52a0\u5230\u60a8\u5fc5\u987b\u638c\u63e1\u7684Linux\u547d\u4ee4\u5217\u8868\u4e2d\u3002<\/p>\n
      \u5728Linux\u4e2d\u7684sudo\u547d\u4ee4<\/h2>\n
      \u4f34\u968f\u7740\u5de8\u5927\u7684\u529b\u91cf\uff0c\u4e5f\u4f34\u968f\u7740\u5de8\u5927\u7684\u8d23\u4efb\u3002<\/p>\n
      \u5f53\u4e00\u4e2a\u542f\u7528\u4e86sudo\u547d\u4ee4\u7684\u7528\u6237\uff08sudoer\uff09\u9996\u6b21\u4f7f\u7528sudo\u547d\u4ee4\u63d0\u5347\u6743\u9650\u65f6\uff0c\u663e\u793a\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5f15\u7528\u8bed\u3002\u57fa\u4e8esudoer\u7684\u6743\u9650\uff0c\u8be5\u547d\u4ee4\u76f8\u5f53\u4e8e\u4ee5root\u7528\u6237\u8eab\u4efd\u767b\u5f55\u3002<\/p>\n
      \u975eroot\u7528\u6237@ubuntu:~# sudo <\u60a8\u60f3\u8981\u8fd0\u884c\u7684\u547d\u4ee4>\r\n\u5bc6\u7801: \r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
      \u53ea\u9700\u5728\u9700\u8981\u4ee5\u63d0\u5347\u7684\u6743\u9650\u8fd0\u884c\u7684\u4efb\u4f55\u547d\u4ee4\u524d\u52a0\u4e0asudo\u4e00\u8bcd\uff0c\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e86\u3002\u4f7f\u7528\u8d77\u6765\u975e\u5e38\u7b80\u5355\uff0c\u4f46\u5982\u679c\u6076\u610f\u7528\u6237\u83b7\u5f97sudoer\u7684\u8bbf\u95ee\u6743\u9650\uff0c\u5219\u53ef\u80fd\u589e\u52a0\u5b89\u5168\u98ce\u9669\u3002<\/p>\n
      \u4e86\u89e3\u6709\u5173sudo\u547d\u4ee4\u7684\u66f4\u591a\u4fe1\u606f\uff08\u6587\u7ae0\u94fe\u63a5\uff09<\/p>\n
      \u5728Linux\u4e2d\u7684cal\u547d\u4ee4<\/h2>\n
      \u4f60\u66fe\u7ecf\u60f3\u8fc7\u5728\u7ec8\u7aef\u4e0a\u67e5\u770b\u65e5\u5386\u5417\uff1f\u6211\u6ca1\u6709\uff01\u4f46\u663e\u7136\u6709\u4eba\u60f3\u8981\u5b9e\u73b0\u8fd9\u4e2a\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u73b0\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u529f\u80fd\u5df2\u7ecf\u5b58\u5728\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n
      cal\u547d\u4ee4\u4f1a\u5728\u7ec8\u7aef\u4e0a\u663e\u793a\u4e00\u4e2a\u7cbe\u7f8e\u7684\u65e5\u5386\u3002\u53ea\u9700\u5728\u7ec8\u7aef\u63d0\u793a\u7b26\u4e0a\u8f93\u5165cal\u5373\u53ef\u3002<\/p>\n
      root@ubuntu:~# cal\r\nroot@ubuntu:~# cal 2019\u5e745\u6708\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
      \"Cal\u547d\u4ee4\u8f93\u51fa\"<\/div>\n
      \u867d\u7136\u6211\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u5b83\uff0c\u4f46\u8fd9\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u975e\u5e38\u9177\u7684\u9644\u52a0\u529f\u80fd\uff01\u6211\u76f8\u4fe1\u6709\u4e9b\u4eba\u662f\u7ec8\u7aef\u7684\u8d85\u7ea7\u7c89\u4e1d\uff0c\u8fd9\u5bf9\u4ed6\u4eec\u6765\u8bf4\u771f\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u975e\u5e38\u68d2\u7684\u9009\u62e9\u3002<\/p>\n
      \u522b\u540d\u547d\u4ee4<\/h2>\n
      \u5728\u4f7f\u7528\u7ec8\u7aef\u65f6\uff0c\u4f60\u7ecf\u5e38\u8fd0\u884c\u4e00\u4e9b\u547d\u4ee4\u5417\uff1f\u53ef\u80fd\u662frm -r\u6216ls -l\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u50cftar -xvzf\u8fd9\u6837\u66f4\u957f\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\u3002\u8fd9\u662f\u4f60\u5fc5\u987b\u4e86\u89e3\u7684\u63d0\u9ad8\u5de5\u4f5c\u6548\u7387\u7684Linux\u547d\u4ee4\u4e4b\u4e00\u3002<\/p>\n
      \u5982\u679c\u4f60\u77e5\u9053\u4e00\u4e2a\u4f60\u7ecf\u5e38\u8fd0\u884c\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u73b0\u5728\u662f\u521b\u5efa\u522b\u540d\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u4e86\u3002\u4ec0\u4e48\u662f\u522b\u540d\u5462\uff1f\u7b80\u5355\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u5b83\u5c31\u662f\u4f60\u5b9a\u4e49\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\u7684\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u540d\u79f0\u3002<\/p>\n
      root@ubuntu:~# alias lsl=\"ls -l\"\r\n\u6216\u8005\r\nroot@ubuntu:~# alias rmd=\"rm -r\"\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
      \u73b0\u5728\u6bcf\u6b21\u4f60\u5728\u7ec8\u7aef\u4e2d\u8f93\u5165lsl\u6216rmd\u65f6\uff0c\u4f60\u5c06\u4f1a\u6536\u5230\u4e0e\u4f7f\u7528\u5b8c\u6574\u547d\u4ee4\u65f6\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u8f93\u51fa\u7ed3\u679c\u3002<\/p>\n
      \u8fd9\u91cc\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50\u662f\u7528\u6765\u5c55\u793a\u4e00\u4e9b\u975e\u5e38\u5c0f\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\uff0c\u4f60\u6bcf\u6b21\u4ecd\u7136\u53ef\u4ee5\u624b\u52a8\u8f93\u5165\u3002\u4f46\u5728\u67d0\u4e9b\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u4e00\u4e2a\u547d\u4ee4\u6709\u592a\u591a\u53c2\u6570\u9700\u8981\u8f93\u5165\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u6700\u597d\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u7b80\u5199\u7248\u672c\u3002<\/p>\n
      \u4e86\u89e3\u66f4\u591a\u5173\u4e8e\u522b\u540d\u547d\u4ee4\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\uff08\u6587\u7ae0\u94fe\u63a5\uff09<\/p>\n
      Linux\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u7684dd\u547d\u4ee4<\/h2>\n
      \u8fd9\u4e2a\u547d\u4ee4\u88ab\u521b\u5efa\u7528\u4e8e\u5c06\u6587\u4ef6\u4ece\u591a\u79cd\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u683c\u5f0f\u8fdb\u884c\u8f6c\u6362\u548c\u590d\u5236\u3002\u5728\u5f53\u4eca\u8fd9\u4e2a\u65f6\u4ee3\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u547d\u4ee4\u901a\u5e38\u4ec5\u7528\u4e8e\u521b\u5efa\u7528\u4e8eLinux\u7684\u53ef\u542f\u52a8USB\uff0c\u4f46\u5b83\u4ecd\u7136\u6709\u4e00\u4e9b\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u8fd9\u4e2a\u547d\u4ee4\u5b8c\u6210\u3002<\/p>\n
      \u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u6211\u60f3\u5c06\u6574\u4e2a\u786c\u76d8\u539f\u5c01\u4e0d\u52a8\u5730\u5907\u4efd\u5230\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u9a71\u52a8\u5668\u4e0a\uff0c\u6211\u5c06\u4f7f\u7528dd\u547d\u4ee4\u3002<\/p>\n
      root@ubuntu:~# dd if=\/dev\/sdb of=\/dev\/sda\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
      if\u548cof\u7684\u53c2\u6570\u4ee3\u8868\u8f93\u5165\u6587\u4ef6\u548c\u8f93\u51fa\u6587\u4ef6\u3002<\/p>\n
      whereis\u548cwhatis\u547d\u4ee4<\/h2>\n
      \u6307\u4ee4\u7684\u540d\u79f0\u6e05\u6670\u5730\u8868\u8fbe\u4e86\u5b83\u4eec\u7684\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u4f46\u4e3a\u4e86\u66f4\u6e05\u695a\u8d77\u89c1\uff0c\u8ba9\u6211\u4eec\u5c55\u793a\u4e00\u4e0b\u5b83\u4eec\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u3002<\/p>\n
      whereis\u547d\u4ee4\u5c06\u8f93\u51fa\u5728\u8f93\u5165whereis\u547d\u4ee4\u540e\u6240\u952e\u5165\u7684\u4efb\u4f55\u547d\u4ee4\u7684\u51c6\u786e\u4f4d\u7f6e\u3002<\/p>\n
      root@ubuntu:~# whereis sudo\r\nsudo: \/usr\/bin\/sudo \/usr\/lib\/sudo \/usr\/share\/man\/man8\/sudo.8.gz\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
      whatis\u547d\u4ee4\u544a\u8bc9\u6211\u4eec\u4e00\u4e2a\u547d\u4ee4\u7684\u5b9e\u9645\u89e3\u91ca\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\u3002\u7c7b\u4f3c\u4e8ewhereis\u547d\u4ee4\uff0c\u4f60\u4f1a\u5728\u8f93\u5165whatis\u547d\u4ee4\u540e\u83b7\u5f97\u4efb\u4f55\u547d\u4ee4\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u3002<\/p>\n
      root@ubuntu:~# whatis sudo\r\nsudo (8) - \u4ee5\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u7528\u6237\u8eab\u4efd\u6267\u884c\u547d\u4ee4\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
      \u5728Linux\u4e2d\u7684top\u547d\u4ee4<\/h2>\n
      \u5728\u524d\u51e0\u4e2a\u90e8\u5206\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u8c08\u5230\u4e86ps\u547d\u4ee4\u3002\u60a8\u89c2\u5bdf\u5230ps\u547d\u4ee4\u4f1a\u8f93\u51fa\u6d3b\u52a8\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5e76\u81ea\u52a8\u7ed3\u675f\u3002<\/p>\n
      top\u547d\u4ee4\u5c31\u50cf\u662fWindows\u4efb\u52a1\u7ba1\u7406\u5668\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u7248\u672c\u3002\u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u5b9e\u65f6\u67e5\u770b\u8fdb\u7a0b\u4ee5\u53ca\u4e0e\u4e4b\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u6240\u6709\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u5982\u5185\u5b58\u4f7f\u7528\u60c5\u51b5\u3001CPU\u4f7f\u7528\u7387\u7b49\u3002<\/p>\n
      \u8981\u4f7f\u7528top\u547d\u4ee4\uff0c\u53ea\u9700\u5728\u60a8\u7684\u7ec8\u7aef\u4e2d\u952e\u5165top\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8bcd\u3002<\/p>\n
      \"Top\u547d\u4ee4\u8f93\u51fa<\/div>\n
      \u6dfb\u52a0\u7528\u6237\u548c\u4fee\u6539\u7528\u6237\u7684\u547d\u4ee4<\/h2>\n
      \u7528\u6237\u6dfb\u52a0\uff08useradd\uff09\u6216\u6dfb\u52a0\u7528\u6237\uff08adduser\uff09\u547d\u4ee4\u662f\u5b8c\u5168\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\uff0c\u5176\u4e2dadduser\u53ea\u662f\u7528\u6237\u6dfb\u52a0\u547d\u4ee4\uff08useradd\uff09\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u7b26\u53f7\u94fe\u63a5\u3002\u6b64\u547d\u4ee4\u5141\u8bb8\u6211\u4eec\u5728Linux\u4e2d\u521b\u5efa\u65b0\u7528\u6237\u3002<\/p>\n
      root@ubuntu:~# useradd JournalDev -d \/home\/JD\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
      \u4e0a\u9762\u7684\u6307\u4ee4\u5c06\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u540d\u4e3aJournalDev\u7684\u65b0\u7528\u6237\uff0c\u5176\u5bb6\u76ee\u5f55\u4e3a\/home\/JD\u3002<\/p>\n
      \u53e6\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u7528\u6237\u6a21\u6001\u547d\u4ee4\u7528\u4e8e\u4fee\u6539\u73b0\u6709\u7528\u6237\u3002\u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u4fee\u6539\u7528\u6237\u7684\u4efb\u4f55\u503c\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u7ec4\u3001\u6743\u9650\u7b49\u3002<\/p>\n
      \u4e3e\u4e2a\u4f8b\u5b50\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u60f3\u7ed9\u7528\u6237\u6dfb\u52a0\u66f4\u591a\u7684\u7fa4\u7ec4\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u952e\u5165\uff1a<\/p>\n
      root@ubuntu:~# usermod JournalDev -a -G sudo, audio, mysql\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
      \u4e86\u89e3\u5982\u4f55\u5728Linux\u4e0a\u521b\u5efa\u548c\u7ba1\u7406\u7528\u6237\u7684\u66f4\u591a\u4fe1\u606f\uff08\u6587\u7ae0\u94fe\u63a5\uff09<\/p>\n
      Linux\u4e2d\u7684passwd\u547d\u4ee4<\/h2>\n
      \u73b0\u5728\u4f60\u77e5\u9053\u5982\u4f55\u521b\u5efa\u65b0\u7528\u6237\u4e86\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e3a\u4ed6\u4eec\u8bbe\u7f6e\u5bc6\u7801\u3002passwd \u547d\u4ee4\u53ef\u4ee5\u8ba9\u4f60\u4e3a\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u8d26\u6237\u8bbe\u7f6e\u5bc6\u7801\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u6709\u6743\u9650\u7684\u8bdd\uff0c\u4e3a\u5176\u4ed6\u8d26\u6237\u8bbe\u7f6e\u5bc6\u7801\u3002<\/p>\n
      \u547d\u4ee4\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\u975e\u5e38\u7b80\u5355\uff1a<\/p>\n
      root@ubuntu:~# passwd\r\nNew password: \r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
      \"Passwd<\/div>\n
      \u5982\u679c\u5728passwd\u4e4b\u540e\u6dfb\u52a0\u7528\u6237\u540d\uff0c\u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e3a\u5176\u4ed6\u7528\u6237\u8bbe\u7f6e\u5bc6\u7801\u3002\u8f93\u5165\u65b0\u5bc6\u7801\u4e24\u6b21\uff0c\u5b8c\u6210\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002\u5c31\u662f\u8fd9\u6837\uff01\u60a8\u4f1a\u4e3a\u8be5\u7528\u6237\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u5bc6\u7801\uff01<\/p>\n
      \u6700\u540e\u6ce8\u91ca<\/h2>\n
      \u5c3d\u7ba1\u8fd9\u7bc7\u6587\u7ae0\u975e\u5e38\u957f\uff0c\u4f46\u6211\u6562\u80af\u5b9a\uff0c\u65e0\u8bba\u4f55\u65f6\u9700\u8981\uff0c\u4f60\u90fd\u80fd\u4ece\u4e2d\u83b7\u76ca\u3002\u968f\u7740\u6211\u4eec\u7ee7\u7eed\u5728JournalDev\u4e0a\u6dfb\u52a0\u66f4\u591a\u6587\u7ae0\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\u7ee7\u7eed\u6dfb\u52a0\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6587\u7ae0\u7684\u94fe\u63a5\u3002<\/p>\n
      \u6211\u4eec\u5e0c\u671b\u8fd9\u7bc7\u6587\u7ae0\u5bf9\u4f60\u6709\u6240\u5e2e\u52a9\u3002\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u6709\u4efb\u4f55\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u8bf7\u968f\u610f\u5728\u4e0b\u65b9\u7559\u8a00\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
      \u6bcf\u5929\u90fd\u5728\u4f7f\u7528Linux\u547d\u4ee4\u5417\uff1f\u4eca\u5929\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u4ecb\u7ecd50\u4e2a\u4f60\u5fc5\u987b\u4e86\u89e3\u7684Linux\u547d\u4ee4\uff01\u4ee5\u4e0b\u5217\u51fa\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\u662f\u4e00\u4e9b\u6700\u6709\u7528\u548c\u6700\u5e38 […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":8,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[1388,1387,1390,483,1389],"class_list":{"0":"post-446","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"hentry","6":"category-uncategorized","7":"tag-linux","11":"tag-shell"},"yoast_head":"\nLinux\u547d\u4ee4\u5927\u5168\uff1a50+\u4e2a\u5fc5\u987b\u638c\u63e1\u7684\u5b9e\u7528\u547d\u4ee4\u6559\u7a0b - Blog - Silicon Cloud<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"\u672c\u6587\u8be6\u7ec6\u4ecb\u7ecd\u4e8650+\u4e2a\u5fc5\u987b\u638c\u63e1\u7684Linux\u547d\u4ee4\uff0c\u9002\u5408Linux\u65b0\u624b\u5b66\u4e60\u548c\u53c2\u8003\u3002\u6bcf\u4e2a\u547d\u4ee4\u90fd\u914d\u6709\u5b9e\u7528\u793a\u4f8b\u548c\u8be6\u7ec6\u89e3\u91ca\uff0c\u5e2e\u52a9\u4f60\u5feb\u901f\u638c\u63e1Linux\u7cfb\u7edf\u64cd\u4f5c\u6280\u5de7\u3002\u4ece\u57fa\u7840\u6587\u4ef6\u64cd\u4f5c\u5230\u9ad8\u7ea7\u7cfb\u7edf\u7ba1\u7406\uff0c\u8fd9\u4efdLinux\u547d\u4ee4\u5927\u5168\u5c06\u662f\u4f60\u5b66\u4e60Linux\u7684\u6700\u4f73\u6307\u5357\u3002\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.silicloud.com\/zh\/blog\/\u5fc5\u987b\u638c\u63e1\u7684\u524d50\u6761linux\u547d\u4ee4\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"zh_CN\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Linux\u547d\u4ee4\u5927\u5168\uff1a50+\u4e2a\u5fc5\u987b\u638c\u63e1\u7684\u5b9e\u7528\u547d\u4ee4\u6559\u7a0b\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"\u672c\u6587\u8be6\u7ec6\u4ecb\u7ecd\u4e8650+\u4e2a\u5fc5\u987b\u638c\u63e1\u7684Linux\u547d\u4ee4\uff0c\u9002\u5408Linux\u65b0\u624b\u5b66\u4e60\u548c\u53c2\u8003\u3002\u6bcf\u4e2a\u547d\u4ee4\u90fd\u914d\u6709\u5b9e\u7528\u793a\u4f8b\u548c\u8be6\u7ec6\u89e3\u91ca\uff0c\u5e2e\u52a9\u4f60\u5feb\u901f\u638c\u63e1Linux\u7cfb\u7edf\u64cd\u4f5c\u6280\u5de7\u3002\u4ece\u57fa\u7840\u6587\u4ef6\u64cd\u4f5c\u5230\u9ad8\u7ea7\u7cfb\u7edf\u7ba1\u7406\uff0c\u8fd9\u4efdLinux\u547d\u4ee4\u5927\u5168\u5c06\u662f\u4f60\u5b66\u4e60Linux\u7684\u6700\u4f73\u6307\u5357\u3002\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/www.silicloud.com\/zh\/blog\/\u5fc5\u987b\u638c\u63e1\u7684\u524d50\u6761linux\u547d\u4ee4\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Blog - 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