{"id":44441,"date":"2023-05-19T11:42:05","date_gmt":"2024-02-01T03:24:18","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.silicloud.com\/zh\/blog\/%e4%bd%bf%e7%94%a8go%e8%af%ad%e8%a8%80golang%e5%88%9b%e5%bb%ba%e4%b8%80%e4%b8%aa%e4%bd%bf%e7%94%a8mysql%e7%9a%84api\/"},"modified":"2024-04-30T04:54:42","modified_gmt":"2024-04-29T20:54:42","slug":"%e4%bd%bf%e7%94%a8go%e8%af%ad%e8%a8%80golang%e5%88%9b%e5%bb%ba%e4%b8%80%e4%b8%aa%e4%bd%bf%e7%94%a8mysql%e7%9a%84api","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.silicloud.com\/zh\/blog\/%e4%bd%bf%e7%94%a8go%e8%af%ad%e8%a8%80golang%e5%88%9b%e5%bb%ba%e4%b8%80%e4%b8%aa%e4%bd%bf%e7%94%a8mysql%e7%9a%84api\/","title":{"rendered":"\u4f7f\u7528Go\u8bed\u8a00(GoLang)\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u4f7f\u7528MySQL\u7684API"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u524d\u8a00<\/h1>\n

\u5728\u6784\u5efaAPI\u65f6\uff0c\u8003\u8651\u5230\u9700\u8981\u652f\u6301\u5927\u89c4\u6a21\u7684\u5e76\u53d1\u8fde\u63a5\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u51b3\u5b9a\u7528Golang\u91cd\u65b0\u521b\u5efa\u4e4b\u524d\u7528Python\u7684Django\u521b\u5efa\u7684API\u3002<\/p>\n

\u56e0\u4e3a\u6709\u5f88\u591a\u65e0\u6cd5\u6309\u7167\u8ba1\u5212\u8fdb\u884c\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u548c\u592a\u591a\u7684\u56f0\u96be\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u5c06\u5176\u8bb0\u5f55\u4e0b\u6765\u3002<\/p>\n

\u7528Python\u9a8c\u8bc1\u662f\u5426\u80fd\u8d85\u8d8aGo\u5728\u6027\u80fd\u4e0a\u3002<\/p>\n

\u8bbe\u7f6eGo\u7684\u73af\u5883<\/h1>\n

\u4e0b\u8f7dGo<\/p>\n

\/\/ \u78ba\u8a8d\r\n% go version\r\ngo version go1.16.2 darwin\/amd64\r\n\r\n\/\/ \u74b0\u5883\u60c5\u5831\r\n% go env\r\nGO111MODULE=\"\"\r\nGOARCH=\"amd64\"\r\nGOBIN=\"\"\r\nGOCACHE=\"\/Users\/akidon\/Library\/Caches\/go-build\"\r\nGOENV=\"\/Users\/akidon\/Library\/Application Support\/go\/env\"\r\nGOEXE=\"\"\r\nGOFLAGS=\"\"\r\nGOHOSTARCH=\"amd64\"\r\nGOHOSTOS=\"darwin\"\r\nGOINSECURE=\"\"\r\nGOMODCACHE=\"\/Users\/akidon\/go\/pkg\/mod\"\r\nGONOPROXY=\"\"\r\nGONOSUMDB=\"\"\r\nGOOS=\"darwin\"\r\nGOPATH=\"\/Users\/akidon\/go\"\r\nGOPRIVATE=\"\"\r\nGOPROXY=\"https:\/\/proxy.golang.org,direct\"\r\nGOROOT=\"\/usr\/local\/go\"\r\nGOSUMDB=\"sum.golang.org\"\r\nGOTMPDIR=\"\"\r\nGOTOOLDIR=\"\/usr\/local\/go\/pkg\/tool\/darwin_amd64\"\r\nGOVCS=\"\"\r\nGOVERSION=\"go1.16.2\"\r\nGCCGO=\"gccgo\"\r\nAR=\"ar\"\r\nCC=\"clang\"\r\nCXX=\"clang++\"\r\nCGO_ENABLED=\"1\"\r\nGOMOD=\"\/Users\/akidon\/program\/go\/goAPI\/go.mod\"\r\nCGO_CFLAGS=\"-g -O2\"\r\nCGO_CPPFLAGS=\"\"\r\nCGO_CXXFLAGS=\"-g -O2\"\r\nCGO_FFLAGS=\"-g -O2\"\r\nCGO_LDFLAGS=\"-g -O2\"\r\nPKG_CONFIG=\"pkg-config\"\r\nGOGCCFLAGS=\"-fPIC -arch x86_64 -m64 -pthread -fno-caret-diagnostics -Qunused-arguments -fmessage-length=0 -fdebug-prefix-map=\/var\/folders\/qg\/6f_bf3fx4qs2gxwzhbc_pks00000gn\/T\/go-build311814080=\/tmp\/go-build -gno-record-gcc-switches -fno-common\"\r\n\r\n\/\/ PATH\u8ffd\u52a0\r\n% open ~\/.zshrc\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u8bf7\u6dfb\u52a0\u4ee5\u4e0b\u5185\u5bb9<\/p>\n
#Go\u306e\u30d1\u30b9\r\nexport GOROOT=\/usr\/local\/go\r\nexport GOPATH=$HOME\/go\r\nexport PATH=$GOROOT\/bin:$PATH\r\nexport PATH=$GOPATH\/bin:$PATH\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u786e\u8ba4\u52a8\u4f5c<\/h2>\n
\u5728\u9002\u5f53\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u5939\u4e2d\u521b\u5efa\u540d\u4e3ahello.go\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u5e76\u4f7f\u7528Visual Studio Code\u8fdb\u884c\u5982\u4e0b\u6240\u793a\u7684\u7f16\u8f91\u3002<\/p>\n
package<\/span> main<\/span>\r\n\r\nimport<\/span> \"fmt\"<\/span>\r\n\r\nfunc<\/span> main<\/span>()<\/span> {<\/span>\r\n    fmt<\/span>.<\/span>Println<\/span>(<\/span>\"Hello!\"<\/span>);<\/span>\r\n}<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u5728\u7ec8\u7aef\u4e2d\u5207\u6362\u5230\u5148\u524d\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u5939\uff0c\u5e76\u6267\u884c “go run hello.go” \u547d\u4ee4\u3002\u5982\u679c\u663e\u793a “Hello!”\uff0c\u5219\u8868\u793a\u6210\u529f\u3002<\/p>\n
% go run hello.go\r\nHello!\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
Go\u7684\u5957\u4ef6<\/h1>\n
\u56de\u58f0…\u521b\u5efa RestfulAPI\uff08\u8fd8\u6709 Gin \u548c Gorilla \u7b49\u5176\u4ed6\u9009\u9879\uff09
\nGorm…\u7528\u4e8e\u64cd\u4f5c MySQL<\/p>\n
\u5982\u679c\u9047\u5230\u4ee5\u4e0b\u9519\u8bef\uff1a
\n\u627e\u4e0d\u5230\u5305 “github.com\/hoge”
\n\u53ea\u9700\u6267\u884c go get github.com\/hoge \u5373\u53ef\u3002<\/p>\n
% go mod init go-tools\r\n\r\n% go get github.com\/labstack\/echo\r\n% go get github.com\/jinzhu\/gorm\r\n% go get github.com\/joho\/godotenv\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u8bf7\u4e0b\u8f7dMySQL\u3002<\/h1>\n
\u4eceMac\u7684\u521d\u59cb\u8bbe\u7f6e\u5907\u5fd8\u5f55\u4e2d\u4e0b\u8f7dMySQL\u3002<\/p>\n
% mysql.server start \r\n\/\/ mysql.server stop \u3067\u30b5\u30fc\u30d0\u30fc\u505c\u6b62\r\n\r\n# MySQL\u306b\u5165\u308b\r\n% mysql -u root\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
# \u30a2\u30ab\u30a6\u30f3\u30c8\u4f5c\u6210\r\nmysql> create user '\u30e6\u30fc\u30b6\u30fc\u540d'@'localhost' identified by '\u30d1\u30b9\u30ef\u30fc\u30c9';\r\n\r\n# \u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u30d9\u30fc\u30b9\u4f5c\u6210('golang'\u3068\u3044\u3046DB\u3092\u4f5c\u6210)\r\nmysql> create database golang;\r\n\r\n# \u4f5c\u6210\u3057\u305f\u30a2\u30ab\u30a6\u30f3\u30c8\u306b\u6a29\u9650\u3092\u8ffd\u52a0\r\nmysql> GRANT ALL ON golang.* TO '\u30e6\u30fc\u30b6\u30fc\u540d'@'localhost';\r\n\r\nmysql> exit;\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u4f7f\u7528SequelAce\u53ef\u4ee5\u8f7b\u677e\u64cd\u4f5cMySQL\u3002\u4e0b\u8f7dSequelAce\u3002<\/p>\n
\u4f7f\u7528Golang\u8fdb\u884cMySQL\u6570\u636e\u7684\u6dfb\u52a0\u3001\u66f4\u65b0\u548c\u83b7\u53d6<\/h1>\n
MySQL\u65b9
\nMySQL\u4e00\u65b9
\nMySQL\u7684\u89d2\u5ea6<\/h2>\n
\u6570\u636e\u8868\u540d\u4e3a\u201cusers\u201d\u3002<\/p>\n
mysql> show databases;\r\n+--------------------+\r\n| Database           |\r\n+--------------------+\r\n| golang             |  <- \u4f5c\u6210\r\n| information_schema |\r\n| mysql              |\r\n| performance_schema |\r\n| sys                |\r\n+--------------------+\r\n\r\nmysql> use golang;\r\nmysql> show tables;\r\n+------------------+\r\n| Tables_in_golang |\r\n+------------------+\r\n| users            |\r\n+------------------+\r\n\r\nmysql> desc users;\r\n+-------------+--------------+------+-----+---------+----------------+\r\n| Field       | Type         | Null | Key | Default | Extra          |\r\n+-------------+--------------+------+-----+---------+----------------+\r\n| id          | int unsigned | NO   | PRI | NULL    | auto_increment |\r\n| name        | varchar(255) | YES  |     | NULL    |                |\r\n| age         | int          | YES  |     | NULL    |                |\r\n| created_at  | timestamp    | YES  |     | NULL    |                | <- \u5fc5\u8981\r\n| updated_at  | timestamp    | YES  |     | NULL    |                | <- \u5fc5\u8981\r\n| deleted_at  | timestamp    | YES  |     | NULL    |                | <- \u5fc5\u8981\r\n+-------------+--------------+------+-----+---------+----------------+\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\"\u30b9\u30af\u30ea\u30fc\u30f3\u30b7\u30e7\u30c3\u30c8<\/div>\n
\u4f7f\u7528SequelAce\u521b\u5efa\u5982\u6b64\u7684Gorm\u65f6\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u9884\u5148\u521b\u5efa[created_at,updated_at,deleted_at]\u3002<\/p>\n
Go\u8bed\u8a00\u65b9\u9762<\/h2>\n
\u6211\u5c1d\u8bd5\u4f7f\u7528gorm\u6765\u64cd\u4f5cMySQL\uff0c\u4f46\u9047\u5230\u4e86\u56f0\u96be\u3002
\n\u867d\u7136\u4e0d\u592a\u6e05\u695a\u5177\u4f53\u539f\u56e0\uff0c\u4f46\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u547d\u540d\u51fa\u9519\u4e86\u3002
\n\u9700\u8981\u6ce8\u610f\u5927\u5199\u3001\u5c0f\u5199\u3001\u590d\u6570\u3001\u5355\u6570\u7684\u547d\u540d\u89c4\u8303\u3002
\n\u5728MySQL\u4e2d\u662f”users”\uff0c\u4f46\u5728Golang\u4e2d\u8c03\u7528\u65f6\u5e94\u4e3a”User”\u3002
\n\u5728MySQL\u4e2d\u662f”name”\uff0c\u4f46\u5728Golang\u4e2d\u8c03\u7528\u65f6\u5e94\u4e3a”Name”\u3002
\n\u9700\u8981\u7279\u522b\u6ce8\u610f\u8fd9\u4e9b\u7ec6\u8282\u3002<\/p>\n
\u7531\u4e8e\u672a\u8fdb\u884c\u786e\u8ba4\u52a8\u4f5c\u68c0\u67e5\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u51fa\u73b0\u9519\u8bef\u3002<\/p>\n
package<\/span> routing<\/span>\r\n\r\nimport<\/span> (<\/span>\r\n    \"fmt\"<\/span>\r\n    \"github.com\/labstack\/echo\"<\/span>\r\n    \"github.com\/jinzhu\/gorm\"<\/span>\r\n    _<\/span> \"github.com\/jinzhu\/gorm\/dialects\/mysql\"<\/span>\r\n)<\/span>\r\n\r\ntype<\/span> User<\/span> struct<\/span> {<\/span>\r\n    gorm<\/span>.<\/span>Model<\/span>\r\n    \/\/`json:\"--\"`\u306f\u30ea\u30af\u30a8\u30b9\u30c8\u30dc\u30c7\u30a3\u306b\u6307\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u540d\u524d<\/span>\r\n    Name<\/span>                string<\/span> `json:\"name\"`<\/span>\r\n    Age<\/span>                 int<\/span>    `json:\"age\"`<\/span>\r\n}<\/span>\r\n\r\n\r\nfunc<\/span> (<\/span>u<\/span> User<\/span>)<\/span> String<\/span>()<\/span> string<\/span> {<\/span>\r\n    return<\/span> fmt<\/span>.<\/span>Sprintf<\/span>(<\/span>\"Name:%s <\/span>\\n<\/span> Age:%d <\/span>\\n<\/span> \"<\/span>,<\/span>\r\n        u<\/span>.<\/span>Name<\/span>,<\/span>\r\n        u<\/span>.<\/span>Age<\/span>)<\/span>\r\n}<\/span>\r\n\r\n\/\/ \u30e6\u30fc\u30b6\u30fc\u3092\u767b\u9332\uff0c\u66f4\u65b0<\/span>\r\nfunc<\/span> BaseAPI_user<\/span>()<\/span> echo<\/span>.<\/span>HandlerFunc<\/span> {<\/span>\r\n    return<\/span> func<\/span>(<\/span>c<\/span> echo<\/span>.<\/span>Context<\/span>)<\/span> error<\/span> {<\/span>\r\n        db<\/span> :=<\/span> databases<\/span>.<\/span>GormConnect<\/span>()<\/span>\r\n        defer<\/span> db<\/span>.<\/span>Close<\/span>()<\/span>\r\n\r\n        \/\/\u30ea\u30af\u30a8\u30b9\u30c8\u30dc\u30c7\u30a3<\/span>\r\n        user<\/span> :=<\/span> new<\/span>(<\/span>User<\/span>)<\/span>\r\n\r\n        user1<\/span> :=<\/span> User<\/span>{<\/span>\r\n            Name<\/span>:<\/span>     user<\/span>.<\/span>Name<\/span>,<\/span>\r\n            Age<\/span>:<\/span>      user<\/span>.<\/span>Age<\/span>,}<\/span>\r\n\r\n        \/\/ \u8ffd\u52a0<\/span>\r\n        insertUsers<\/span> :=<\/span> []<\/span>User<\/span>{<\/span>user1<\/span>}<\/span>\r\n        insert<\/span>(<\/span>insertUsers<\/span>,<\/span> db<\/span>)<\/span>\r\n\r\n        \/\/ \u66f4\u65b0<\/span>\r\n        update<\/span>(<\/span>user1<\/span>,<\/span> db<\/span>)<\/span>\r\n\r\n        \/\/ \u691c\u7d22\uff08\u5e74\u9f62\u4e00\u81f4\uff09<\/span>\r\n        var<\/span> count<\/span> =<\/span> search<\/span>(<\/span>user<\/span>.<\/span>Age<\/span>,<\/span> db<\/span>)<\/span>\r\n\r\n        return<\/span> c<\/span>.<\/span>JSON<\/span>(<\/span>200<\/span>,<\/span> count<\/span>)<\/span>\r\n    }<\/span>\r\n}<\/span>\r\n\r\nfunc<\/span> insert<\/span>(<\/span>users<\/span> []<\/span>User<\/span>,<\/span> db<\/span> *<\/span>gorm<\/span>.<\/span>DB<\/span>)<\/span> {<\/span>\r\n    for<\/span> _<\/span>,<\/span> user<\/span> :=<\/span> range<\/span> users<\/span> {<\/span>\r\n        db<\/span>.<\/span>NewRecord<\/span>(<\/span>user<\/span>)<\/span>\r\n        db<\/span>.<\/span>Create<\/span>(<\/span>&<\/span>user<\/span>)<\/span>\r\n    }<\/span>\r\n}<\/span>\r\n\r\nfunc<\/span> update<\/span>(<\/span>users<\/span> User<\/span>,<\/span> db<\/span> *<\/span>gorm<\/span>.<\/span>DB<\/span>)<\/span> {<\/span>\r\n    var<\/span> user<\/span> User<\/span>\r\n    db<\/span>.<\/span>Model<\/span>(<\/span>&<\/span>user<\/span>)<\/span>.<\/span>Where<\/span>(<\/span>\"id = ?\"<\/span>,<\/span> 1<\/span>)<\/span>.<\/span>Update<\/span>(<\/span>map<\/span>[<\/span>string<\/span>]<\/span>interface<\/span>{}{<\/span>\"name\"<\/span>:<\/span> users<\/span>.<\/span>Name<\/span>,<\/span> \"Age\"<\/span>:<\/span> users<\/span>.<\/span>Age<\/span>})<\/span>\r\n}<\/span>\r\n\r\n\r\nfunc<\/span> search<\/span>(<\/span>age<\/span> int<\/span>,<\/span> db<\/span> *<\/span>gorm<\/span>.<\/span>DB<\/span>)<\/span> ([]<\/span>User<\/span>)<\/span> {<\/span>\r\n    var<\/span> user<\/span> []<\/span>User<\/span>\r\n    db<\/span>.<\/span>Raw<\/span>(<\/span>\"SELECT * FROM users WHERE age = ? \"<\/span>,<\/span> age<\/span>)<\/span>.<\/span>Scan<\/span>(<\/span>&<\/span>user<\/span>)<\/span>\r\n\r\n    return<\/span> user<\/span>\r\n}<\/span>\r\n\r\n\/\/ SQLConnect DB\u63a5\u7d9a<\/span>\r\nfunc<\/span> GormConnect<\/span>()<\/span> (<\/span>database<\/span> *<\/span>gorm<\/span>.<\/span>DB<\/span>)<\/span> {<\/span>\r\n    \/\/ \u30d1\u30b9\u30ef\u30fc\u30c9\u7b49\u3092.env\u30d5\u30a1\u30a4\u30eb\u304b\u3089\u8aad\u307f\u53d6\u308b<\/span>\r\n    \/\/ program > go > .env<\/span>\r\n    err<\/span> :=<\/span> godotenv<\/span>.<\/span>Load<\/span>(<\/span>fmt<\/span>.<\/span>Sprintf<\/span>(<\/span>\"..\/%s.env\"<\/span>,<\/span> os<\/span>.<\/span>Getenv<\/span>(<\/span>\"GO_ENV\"<\/span>)))<\/span>\r\n    if<\/span> err<\/span> !=<\/span> nil<\/span> {<\/span>\r\n        panic<\/span>(<\/span>err<\/span>.<\/span>Error<\/span>())<\/span>\r\n    }<\/span> else<\/span> {<\/span>\r\n        fmt<\/span>.<\/span>Println<\/span>(<\/span>\"env\u8aad\u307f\u53d6\u308a\u6210\u529f\"<\/span>)<\/span>\r\n    }<\/span>\r\n\r\n    DBMS<\/span> :=<\/span> \"mysql\"<\/span>                   \/\/ MySQL<\/span>\r\n    PROTOCOL<\/span> :=<\/span> \"tcp(localhost:3306)\"<\/span> \/\/ db:3306<\/span>\r\n    DBNAME<\/span> :=<\/span> \"\"<\/span>    \/\/ \u30c6\u30fc\u30d6\u30eb\u540d<\/span>\r\n    USER<\/span> :=<\/span> \"\"<\/span>      \/\/ MySQL\u30e6\u30fc\u30b6\u30fc\u540d<\/span>\r\n    PASS<\/span> :=<\/span> \"\"<\/span>  \/\/ \u30d1\u30b9\u30ef\u30fc\u30c9<\/span>\r\n\r\n    CONNECT<\/span> :=<\/span> USER<\/span> +<\/span> \":\"<\/span> +<\/span> PASS<\/span> +<\/span> \"@\"<\/span> +<\/span> PROTOCOL<\/span> +<\/span> \"\/\"<\/span> +<\/span> DBNAME<\/span> +<\/span> \"?charset=utf8&parseTime=true&loc=Asia%2FTokyo\"<\/span>\r\n    db<\/span>,<\/span> err<\/span> :=<\/span> gorm<\/span>.<\/span>Open<\/span>(<\/span>DBMS<\/span>,<\/span> CONNECT<\/span>)<\/span>\r\n    if<\/span> err<\/span> !=<\/span> nil<\/span> {<\/span>\r\n        panic<\/span>(<\/span>err<\/span>.<\/span>Error<\/span>())<\/span>\r\n    }<\/span> else<\/span> {<\/span>\r\n        fmt<\/span>.<\/span>Println<\/span>(<\/span>\"DB\u63a5\u7d9a\u6210\u529f\"<\/span>)<\/span>\r\n    }<\/span>\r\n    return<\/span> db<\/span>\r\n}<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
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