{"id":44231,"date":"2023-08-18T05:27:41","date_gmt":"2023-10-05T21:36:05","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.silicloud.com\/zh\/blog\/%e4%bd%bf%e7%94%a8golang%e5%88%9b%e5%bb%ba%e8%a7%a3%e9%87%8a%e5%99%a8%e3%80%82\/"},"modified":"2024-04-30T19:00:10","modified_gmt":"2024-04-30T11:00:10","slug":"%e4%bd%bf%e7%94%a8golang%e5%88%9b%e5%bb%ba%e8%a7%a3%e9%87%8a%e5%99%a8%e3%80%82","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.silicloud.com\/zh\/blog\/%e4%bd%bf%e7%94%a8golang%e5%88%9b%e5%bb%ba%e8%a7%a3%e9%87%8a%e5%99%a8%e3%80%82\/","title":{"rendered":"\u4f7f\u7528Golang\u521b\u5efa\u89e3\u91ca\u5668"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u7b80\u800c\u8a00\u4e4b<\/h1>\n

\u7b46\u8005\u534a\u5e74\u524d\u5f00\u59cb\u81ea\u5b66Python\uff0c\u4e3a\u4e86\u66f4\u6df1\u5165\u7406\u89e3\u7f16\u7a0b\uff0c\u51b3\u5b9a\u81ea\u5df1\u52a8\u624b\u5236\u4f5c\u4e00\u4e2a\u89e3\u91ca\u5668\u3002\u9009\u62e9Go\u8bed\u8a00\u7684\u539f\u56e0\u662f\u60f3\u63a5\u89e6\u9759\u6001\u7c7b\u578b\u8bed\u8a00\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u89c9\u5f97Go\u8bed\u8a00\u5f88\u6d41\u884c\u3002\u672c\u6587\u5c06\u53c2\u8003\u300a\u7528Go\u521b\u5efa\u89e3\u91ca\u5668\u300b\u8fdb\u884c\u5f00\u53d1\u3002\u7531\u4e8e\u5df2\u7ecf\u5b8c\u6210\u7b2c\u4e00\u7ae0\u7684\u9605\u8bfb\uff0c\u4e0b\u9762\u6211\u5c06\u8fdb\u884c\u603b\u7ed3\u3002<\/p>\n

\u7b2c\u4e00\u7ae0\uff0c\u89e3\u6790\u6587\u5b57\u548c\u53e5\u5b50<\/h1>\n

\u5b57\u53e5\u89e3\u6790\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\u610f\u601d\uff1f<\/h2>\n

\u5c06\u6e90\u4ee3\u7801\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3a\u4ee4\u724c\u5e8f\u5217\u88ab\u79f0\u4e3a”\u8bcd\u6cd5\u5206\u6790”\u3002<\/p>\n

let x = 5 + 5;\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\"\u540d\u79f0\u672a\u8a2d\u5b9a.png\"<\/div>\n
\u89e3\u6790\u5668\u5b57\u53e5<\/h2>\n
    \u4ee4\u724c\u7684\u5b9a\u4e49<\/ol>\n
    type<\/span> Token<\/span> struct<\/span> {<\/span>\r\n    Type<\/span> string<\/span>\r\n    Literal<\/span> string<\/span>\r\n}<\/span>\r\nconst<\/span> (<\/span>\r\n    ILLEGAL<\/span> =<\/span> \"ILLEGAL\"<\/span> \/\/ \u672a\u77e5\u306e\u6587\u5b57\u5217<\/span>\r\n    EOF<\/span>     =<\/span> \"EOF\"<\/span> \/\/ \u7d42\u308f\u308a\u3092\u793a\u3059<\/span>\r\n\r\n    IDENT<\/span> =<\/span> \"IDENT\"<\/span> \/\/ \u8b58\u5225\u5b50<\/span>\r\n    INT<\/span>   =<\/span> \"INT\"<\/span> \/\/ \u6570\u5024\u578b<\/span>\r\n\r\n    ASSIGN<\/span>   =<\/span> \"=\"<\/span>\r\n    PLUS<\/span>     =<\/span> \"+\"<\/span>\r\n\r\n    [<\/span>...<\/span>]<\/span>\r\n)<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
      Lexer\uff08\u8bcd\u6cd5\u5206\u6790\u5668\uff09<\/ol>\n
      type<\/span> Lexer<\/span> struct<\/span> {<\/span>\r\n    input<\/span>        string<\/span>\r\n    position<\/span>     int<\/span> \/\/ \u8aad\u307f\u8fbc\u3093\u3067\u308b\u6587\u5b57<\/span>\r\n    readPosition<\/span> int<\/span> \/\/ \u6b21\u306b\u8aad\u307f\u8fbc\u3080\u6587\u5b57<\/span>\r\n    ch<\/span>           byte<\/span> \/\/ \u691c\u67fb\u4e2d\u306e\u6587\u5b57<\/span>\r\n}<\/span>\r\n\r\nfunc<\/span> New<\/span>(<\/span>input<\/span> string<\/span>)<\/span> *<\/span>Lexer<\/span> {<\/span>\r\n    \/\/ Lexer\u306b\u5f15\u6570input\u3092\u30bb\u30c3\u30c8\u3057return<\/span>\r\n    l<\/span> :=<\/span> &<\/span>Lexer<\/span>{<\/span>input<\/span>:<\/span> input<\/span>}<\/span>\r\n    l<\/span>.<\/span>readChar<\/span>()<\/span>\r\n    return<\/span> l<\/span>\r\n}<\/span>\r\n\r\nfunc<\/span> (<\/span>l<\/span> *<\/span>Lexer<\/span>)<\/span> readChar<\/span>()<\/span> {<\/span>\r\n    \/\/ \u5165\u529b\u304c\u7d42\u308f\u3063\u305f\u3089ch\u30920\u306b<\/span>\r\n    if<\/span> l<\/span>.<\/span>readPosition<\/span> >=<\/span> len<\/span>(<\/span>l<\/span>.<\/span>input<\/span>)<\/span> {<\/span>\r\n        l<\/span>.<\/span>ch<\/span> =<\/span> 0<\/span>\r\n    \/\/ \u307e\u3060\u7d42\u308f\u3063\u3066\u3044\u306a\u3044\u5834\u5408readPosition\u3092ch\u306b\u30bb\u30c3\u30c8<\/span>\r\n    }<\/span> else<\/span> {<\/span>\r\n        l<\/span>.<\/span>ch<\/span> =<\/span> l<\/span>.<\/span>input<\/span>[<\/span>l<\/span>.<\/span>readPosition<\/span>]<\/span>\r\n    }<\/span>\r\n    \/\/ position\u3092\u6b21\u306b\u9032\u3081\u308b<\/span>\r\n    l<\/span>.<\/span>position<\/span> =<\/span> l<\/span>.<\/span>readPosition<\/span>\r\n    \/\/ readpositon\u3092\u6b21\u306b\u9032\u3081\u308b<\/span>\r\n    l<\/span>.<\/span>readPosition<\/span> +=<\/span> 1<\/span>\r\n}<\/span>\r\n\r\nfunc<\/span> (<\/span>l<\/span> *<\/span>Lexer<\/span>)<\/span> NextToken<\/span>()<\/span> token<\/span>.<\/span>Token<\/span> {<\/span>\r\n    var<\/span> tok<\/span> token<\/span>.<\/span>Token<\/span>\r\n\r\n    \/\/ \u30c8\u30fc\u30af\u30f3\u3092\u751f\u6210\u3059\u308b<\/span>\r\n    switch<\/span> l<\/span>.<\/span>ch<\/span> {<\/span>\r\n    case<\/span> '='<\/span>:<\/span>\r\n        tok<\/span> =<\/span> newToken<\/span>(<\/span>token<\/span>.<\/span>ASSIGN<\/span>,<\/span> l<\/span>.<\/span>ch<\/span>)<\/span>\r\n    case<\/span> '+'<\/span>:<\/span>\r\n        tok<\/span> =<\/span> newToken<\/span>(<\/span>token<\/span>.<\/span>PLUS<\/span>,<\/span> l<\/span>.<\/span>ch<\/span>)<\/span>\r\n    case<\/span> '-'<\/span>:<\/span>\r\n        tok<\/span> =<\/span> newToken<\/span>(<\/span>token<\/span>.<\/span>MINUS<\/span>,<\/span> l<\/span>.<\/span>ch<\/span>)<\/span>\r\n    [<\/span>...<\/span>]<\/span>\r\n\r\n    l<\/span>.<\/span>readChar<\/span>()<\/span>\r\n    return<\/span> tok<\/span>\r\n}<\/span>\r\n\r\nfunc<\/span> newToken<\/span>(<\/span>tokenType<\/span> TokenType<\/span>,<\/span> ch<\/span> byte<\/span>)<\/span> Token<\/span> {<\/span>\r\n    return<\/span> Token<\/span>{<\/span>Type<\/span>:<\/span> tokenType<\/span>,<\/span> Literal<\/span>:<\/span> string<\/span>(<\/span>ch<\/span>)}<\/span>\r\n}<\/span>\r\n\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
      \u73b0\u5728\u53ef\u4ee5\u751f\u6210\u4ee4\u724c\u4e86\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u4ecd\u9700\u8981\u9010\u4e2a\u5b57\u7b26\u751f\u6210\u4ee4\u724c\u3002<\/p>\n
      let five = 5;\r\nlet ten = 10;\r\n\r\nlet add = fn(x, y) {\r\n    x + y;\r\n};\r\n\r\nlet result = add(five, ten):\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
      \u5bf9\u4e8e\u50cf\u4e0a\u8ff0\u7684\u53e5\u5b50\u8fdb\u884c\u5206\u6790\u4ecd\u7136\u5b58\u5728\u4e00\u4e9b\u95ee\u9898\u3002<\/p>\n
        \u7531\u4e8e\u53ea\u80fd\u4e00\u6b21\u89e3\u6790\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b57\u7b26\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528 let\uff08\u5173\u952e\u5b57\uff09\u4f1a\u5f15\u53d1\u9519\u8bef\u3002\u4e0e 1 \u76f8\u540c\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528 five\uff08\u6807\u8bc6\u7b26\uff09\u4e5f\u4f1a\u5f15\u53d1\u9519\u8bef\u3002\u89e3\u6790\u6570\u5b57\u3002<\/ol>\n
        \u9996\u5148\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e00\u4e2a\u51fd\u6570\u6765\u5224\u65ad\u5b57\u7b26\u662f\u5426\u4e3a\u82f1\u6587\u5b57\u6bcd1\u62162\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e00\u4e2a\u51fd\u6570\u6765\u8bfb\u53d6\u5e76\u63a8\u8fdb\u5b57\u7b26\uff0c\u76f4\u5230\u9047\u5230\u975e\u82f1\u6587\u5b57\u6bcd\u3002<\/p>\n
        \/\/ \u975e\u82f1\u5b57\u307e\u3067\u8aad\u307f\u8fbc\u307f\u3092\u9032\u3081\u308b<\/span>\r\nfunc<\/span> (<\/span>l<\/span> *<\/span>Lexer<\/span>)<\/span> readIdentifier<\/span>()<\/span> string<\/span> {<\/span>\r\n    position<\/span> :=<\/span> l<\/span>.<\/span>position<\/span>\r\n    \/\/ for\u6587\u3067isLetter\u95a2\u6570\u304b\u3089false\u304c\u8fd4\u3063\u3066\u304f\u308b\u307e\u3067\u8aad\u307f\u8fbc\u307f\u3092\u9032\u3081\u308b<\/span>\r\n    for<\/span> isLetter<\/span>(<\/span>l<\/span>.<\/span>ch<\/span>)<\/span> {<\/span>\r\n        l<\/span>.<\/span>readChar<\/span>()<\/span>\r\n    }<\/span>\r\n    \/\/ \u6700\u521d\u306e\u6587\u5b57\u304b\u3089\u975e\u82f1\u5b57\u307e\u3067\u9032\u3081\u305fposition\u307e\u3067\u3092\u8fd4\u3059<\/span>\r\n    return<\/span> l<\/span>.<\/span>input<\/span>[<\/span>position<\/span>:<\/span>l<\/span>.<\/span>position<\/span>]<\/span>\r\n}<\/span>\r\n\/\/ \u5224\u65ad\u3059\u308b\u95a2\u6570<\/span>\r\nfunc<\/span> isLetter<\/span>(<\/span>ch<\/span> byte<\/span>)<\/span> bool<\/span> {<\/span>\r\n    return<\/span> 'a'<\/span> <=<\/span> ch<\/span> &&<\/span> ch<\/span> <=<\/span> 'z'<\/span> ||<\/span> 'A'<\/span> <=<\/span> ch<\/span> &&<\/span> ch<\/span> <=<\/span> 'Z'<\/span>\r\n}<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
        \u4f7f\u7528\u8fd9\u4e24\u4e2a\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u7ed9NextToken()\u7684switch\u8bed\u53e5\u6dfb\u52a0\u5206\u652f\uff0c\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u6210\u529f\u751f\u6210\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u7684\u6807\u8bb0\u3002
        \n\u7136\u540e\u9700\u8981\u5bf9\u53d8\u91cf\u58f0\u660e\uff08\u5982let\uff09\u548c\u51fd\u6570\u58f0\u660e\uff08\u5982fn\uff09\u8fdb\u884c\u5206\u7c7b\u3002<\/p>\n
        \r\n[<\/span>...<\/span>]<\/span>\r\n    FUNCTION<\/span> =<\/span> \"FUNCTION\"<\/span>\r\n    LET<\/span>      =<\/span> \"LET\"<\/span>\r\n\r\nvar<\/span> keywords<\/span> =<\/span> map<\/span>[<\/span>string<\/span>]<\/span>TokenType<\/span>{<\/span>\r\n    \"fn\"<\/span>:<\/span>     FUNCTION<\/span>,<\/span>\r\n    \"let\"<\/span>:<\/span>    LET<\/span>,<\/span>\r\n}<\/span>\r\n\r\nfunc<\/span> LookupIdent<\/span>(<\/span>ident<\/span> string<\/span>)<\/span> TokenType<\/span> {<\/span>\r\n    \/\/ readIdentifier\u3067\u8aad\u307f\u8fbc\u3093\u3060\u6587\u5b57\u5217\u3092\u5f15\u6570\u306b\u3068\u308a\u3001\u30ad\u30fc\u30ef\u30fc\u30c9\u306b\u5b58\u5728\u3059\u308b\u5834\u5408\u306f\u9069\u5207\u306aType\u3092\u8fd4\u3059<\/span>\r\n    if<\/span> tok<\/span>,<\/span> ok<\/span> :=<\/span> keywords<\/span>[<\/span>ident<\/span>];<\/span> ok<\/span> {<\/span>\r\n        return<\/span> tok<\/span>\r\n    }<\/span>\r\n    \/\/ \u8b58\u5225\u5b50\u306e\u5834\u5408<\/span>\r\n    return<\/span> IDENT<\/span>\r\n}<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
        \u4e0e isLetter \u76f8\u540c\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u5c06\u5176\u5206\u8fa8\u4e3a\u6570\u5b57\u4ee4\u724c\u3002\u4ee3\u7801\u5c06\u88ab\u7701\u7565\u3002<\/p>\n
        \u5728\u7b2c\u4e00\u7ae0\u7684\u6700\u540e\u5b9e\u73b0REPL\u3002<\/p>\n
        REPL\u7684\u5b9e\u73b0<\/h2>\n
        REPL \u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\uff1f<\/h3>\n
        \u9605\u8bfb<\/h4>\n
        E \u8bc4\u4ef7<\/h4>\n
        \u6253\u5370<\/h4>\n
        \u5faa\u73af<\/h4>\n
        REPL\u662f\u4e0a\u8ff0\u7684\u7f29\u5199\u3002\u5728\u89e3\u91ca\u578b\u8bed\u8a00\u4e2d\u975e\u5e38\u5e38\u89c1\uff0c\u5b83\u63a5\u6536\u8f93\u5165\u3001\u8fdb\u884c\u8bc4\u4f30\u5e76\u91cd\u590d\u8f93\u51fa\u7ed3\u679c\u3002<\/p>\n
        const<\/span> PROMPO<\/span> =<\/span> \">>\"<\/span>\r\n\r\nfunc<\/span> Start<\/span>(<\/span>in<\/span> io<\/span>.<\/span>Reader<\/span>,<\/span> out<\/span> io<\/span>.<\/span>Writer<\/span>)<\/span> {<\/span>\r\n    \/\/ scanner\u306e\u751f\u6210<\/span>\r\n    scanner<\/span> :=<\/span> bufio<\/span>.<\/span>NewScanner<\/span>(<\/span>in<\/span>)<\/span>\r\n\r\n    for<\/span> {<\/span>\r\n        fmt<\/span>.<\/span>Printf<\/span>(<\/span>PROMPO<\/span>)<\/span>\r\n        scanned<\/span> :=<\/span> scanner<\/span>.<\/span>Scan<\/span>()<\/span>\r\n        if<\/span> !<\/span>scanned<\/span> {<\/span>\r\n            return<\/span>\r\n        }<\/span>\r\n        \/\/ \u5165\u529b\u3092\u53d7\u3051\u53d6\u308b<\/span>\r\n        line<\/span> :=<\/span> scanner<\/span>.<\/span>Text<\/span>()<\/span>\r\n        \/\/ \u89e3\u6790\u5668\u306b\u5165\u529b\u3055\u308c\u305f\u6587\u5b57\u5217\u3092\u5165\u308c\u308b<\/span>\r\n        l<\/span> :=<\/span> lexer<\/span>.<\/span>New<\/span>(<\/span>line<\/span>)<\/span>\r\n\r\n        \/\/ \u6587\u5b57\u5217\u3092\u8a55\u4fa1\u3057\u51fa\u529b\u3001\u3053\u308c\u3092\u7e70\u308a\u8fd4\u3059\u3002<\/span>\r\n        for<\/span> tok<\/span> :=<\/span> l<\/span>.<\/span>NextToken<\/span>();<\/span> tok<\/span>.<\/span>Type<\/span> !=<\/span> token<\/span>.<\/span>EOF<\/span>;<\/span> tok<\/span> =<\/span> l<\/span>.<\/span>NextToken<\/span>()<\/span> {<\/span>\r\n            fmt<\/span>.<\/span>Printf<\/span>(<\/span>\"%+v<\/span>\\n<\/span>\"<\/span>,<\/span> tok<\/span>)<\/span>\r\n        }<\/span>\r\n    }<\/span>\r\n}<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
        \u4ee5\u4e0a\u662f\u7b2c\u4e00\u7ae0\u7684\u7ed3\u675f\u3002\u8fd9\u662f\u6211\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b21\u4ee5\u8fd9\u79cd\u5f62\u5f0f\u603b\u7ed3\u548c\u5206\u4eab\u6240\u5b66\u5230\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\uff0c\u6211\u89c9\u5f97\u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u5f0f\u80fd\u591f\u52a0\u6df1\u7406\u89e3\uff0c\u975e\u5e38\u6709\u610f\u4e49\u3002\u63a5\u4e0b\u6765\uff0c\u6211\u5c06\u7ee7\u7eed\u66f4\u65b0\u7b2c\u4e8c\u7ae0\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
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