{"id":44165,"date":"2023-09-24T04:44:54","date_gmt":"2022-08-03T23:55:05","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.silicloud.com\/zh\/blog\/%e3%80%90go%e8%af%ad%e8%a8%80%e3%80%91goroutine%e6%80%bb%e7%bb%93%e3%80%82\/"},"modified":"2024-01-15T11:56:24","modified_gmt":"2024-01-15T03:56:24","slug":"%e3%80%90go%e8%af%ad%e8%a8%80%e3%80%91goroutine%e6%80%bb%e7%bb%93%e3%80%82","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.silicloud.com\/zh\/blog\/%e3%80%90go%e8%af%ad%e8%a8%80%e3%80%91goroutine%e6%80%bb%e7%bb%93%e3%80%82\/","title":{"rendered":"\u3010Go\u8bed\u8a00\u3011Goroutine\u603b\u7ed3"},"content":{"rendered":"

Goroutine\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\u610f\u601d\uff1f<\/h1>\n

\u5e76\u53d1\u5904\u7406\u7684\u610f\u601d\u3002\u7528\u5176\u4ed6\u8bed\u8a00\u6765\u8bf4\u5c31\u662f\u591a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u3002<\/p>\n

49\u4e2aGoroutine\u548cSync.WaitGroup<\/h1>\n

\u5982\u679c\u8981\u540c\u65f6\u8fd0\u884cnormal()\u548cgoroutine()\uff0c\u5219\u9700\u8981\u5728\u5176\u4e2d\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b9\u6cd5\u524d\u52a0\u4e0ago\u8fdb\u884c\u6267\u884c\u3002<\/p>\n

package<\/span> main<\/span>\r\n\r\nimport<\/span> (<\/span>\r\n\t\"fmt\"<\/span>\r\n\t\"time\"<\/span>\r\n)<\/span>\r\n\r\nfunc<\/span> goroutine<\/span>(<\/span>s<\/span> string<\/span>)<\/span> {<\/span>\r\n\tfor<\/span> i<\/span> :=<\/span> 0<\/span>;<\/span> i<\/span> <<\/span> 5<\/span>;<\/span> i<\/span>++<\/span> {<\/span>\r\n\t\ttime<\/span>.<\/span>Sleep<\/span>(<\/span>100<\/span> *<\/span> time<\/span>.<\/span>Millisecond<\/span>)<\/span>\r\n\t\tfmt<\/span>.<\/span>Println<\/span>(<\/span>s<\/span>)<\/span>\r\n\t}<\/span>\r\n}<\/span>\r\n\r\nfunc<\/span> normal<\/span>(<\/span>s<\/span> string<\/span>)<\/span> {<\/span>\r\n\tfor<\/span> i<\/span> :=<\/span> 0<\/span>;<\/span> i<\/span> <<\/span> 5<\/span>;<\/span> i<\/span>++<\/span> {<\/span>\r\n\t\ttime<\/span>.<\/span>Sleep<\/span>(<\/span>100<\/span> *<\/span> time<\/span>.<\/span>Millisecond<\/span>)<\/span>\r\n\t\tfmt<\/span>.<\/span>Println<\/span>(<\/span>s<\/span>)<\/span>\r\n\t}<\/span>\r\n}<\/span>\r\n\r\nfunc<\/span> main<\/span>()<\/span> {<\/span>\r\n\tgo<\/span> goroutine<\/span>(<\/span>\"world\"<\/span>)<\/span>\r\n\tnormal<\/span>(<\/span>\"hello\"<\/span>)<\/span>\r\n}<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
hello\r\nworld\r\nworld\r\nhello\r\nhello\r\nworld\r\nworld\r\nhello\r\nhello\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u6ce8\u91ca\u6389time\uff0c\u53ea\u4f1a\u663e\u793anormal()\u7684\u6267\u884c\u7ed3\u679c\u3002
\n\u751f\u6210\u4e00\u4e2a\u7ebf\u7a0b\uff0c\u5728goroutine()\u6267\u884c\u4e4b\u524d\uff0cnormal()\u5c31\u4f1a\u7ed3\u675f\u3002<\/p>\n
package<\/span> main<\/span>\r\n\r\nimport<\/span> (<\/span>\r\n\t\"fmt\"<\/span>\r\n)<\/span>\r\n\r\nfunc<\/span> goroutine<\/span>(<\/span>s<\/span> string<\/span>)<\/span> {<\/span>\r\n\tfor<\/span> i<\/span> :=<\/span> 0<\/span>;<\/span> i<\/span> <<\/span> 5<\/span>;<\/span> i<\/span>++<\/span> {<\/span>\r\n\t\t\/\/ time.Sleep(100 * time.Millisecond)<\/span>\r\n\t\tfmt<\/span>.<\/span>Println<\/span>(<\/span>s<\/span>)<\/span>\r\n\t}<\/span>\r\n}<\/span>\r\n\r\nfunc<\/span> normal<\/span>(<\/span>s<\/span> string<\/span>)<\/span> {<\/span>\r\n\tfor<\/span> i<\/span> :=<\/span> 0<\/span>;<\/span> i<\/span> <<\/span> 5<\/span>;<\/span> i<\/span>++<\/span> {<\/span>\r\n\t\t\/\/ time.Sleep(100 * time.Millisecond)<\/span>\r\n\t\tfmt<\/span>.<\/span>Println<\/span>(<\/span>s<\/span>)<\/span>\r\n\t}<\/span>\r\n}<\/span>\r\n\r\nfunc<\/span> main<\/span>()<\/span> {<\/span>\r\n\tgo<\/span> goroutine<\/span>(<\/span>\"world\"<\/span>)<\/span>\r\n\tnormal<\/span>(<\/span>\"hello\"<\/span>)<\/span>\r\n}<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
hello\r\nhello\r\nhello\r\nhello\r\nhello\r\n\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u8981\u6267\u884c\u5e76\u884c\u5904\u7406\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u6309\u7167\u4ee5\u4e0b\u6b65\u9aa4\u8fdb\u884c\u3002<\/p>\n
package<\/span> main<\/span>\r\n\r\nimport<\/span> (<\/span>\r\n\t\"fmt\"<\/span>\r\n\t\"sync\"<\/span>\r\n)<\/span>\r\n\r\nfunc<\/span> goroutine<\/span>(<\/span>s<\/span> string<\/span>,<\/span> wg<\/span> *<\/span>sync<\/span>.<\/span>WaitGroup<\/span>)<\/span> {<\/span>\r\n\tfor<\/span> i<\/span> :=<\/span> 0<\/span>;<\/span> i<\/span> <<\/span> 5<\/span>;<\/span> i<\/span>++<\/span> {<\/span>\r\n\t\tfmt<\/span>.<\/span>Println<\/span>(<\/span>s<\/span>)<\/span>\r\n\t}<\/span>\r\n\twg<\/span>.<\/span>Done<\/span>()<\/span>\r\n}<\/span>\r\n\r\nfunc<\/span> normal<\/span>(<\/span>s<\/span> string<\/span>)<\/span> {<\/span>\r\n\tfor<\/span> i<\/span> :=<\/span> 0<\/span>;<\/span> i<\/span> <<\/span> 5<\/span>;<\/span> i<\/span>++<\/span> {<\/span>\r\n\t\tfmt<\/span>.<\/span>Println<\/span>(<\/span>s<\/span>)<\/span>\r\n\t}<\/span>\r\n}<\/span>\r\n\r\nfunc<\/span> main<\/span>()<\/span> {<\/span>\r\n\tvar<\/span> wg<\/span> sync<\/span>.<\/span>WaitGroup<\/span>\r\n\twg<\/span>.<\/span>Add<\/span>(<\/span>1<\/span>)<\/span>\r\n\tgo<\/span> goroutine<\/span>(<\/span>\"world\"<\/span>,<\/span> &<\/span>wg<\/span>)<\/span>\r\n\tnormal<\/span>(<\/span>\"hello\"<\/span>)<\/span>\r\n\twg<\/span>.<\/span>Wait<\/span>()<\/span>\r\n}<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u5728wg\u7684Add()\u51fd\u6570\u4e2d\u58f0\u660e\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u5e76\u884c\u5904\u7406\uff0cWait()\u51fd\u6570\u5c06\u4e00\u76f4\u7b49\u5f85\u76f4\u5230Done()\u51fd\u6570\u88ab\u6267\u884c\u3002<\/p>\n
50\u4e2a\u9891\u9053<\/h1>\n
package<\/span> main<\/span>\r\n\r\nimport<\/span> (<\/span>\r\n\t\"fmt\"<\/span>\r\n)<\/span>\r\n\r\nfunc<\/span> goroutine1<\/span>(<\/span>s<\/span> []<\/span>int<\/span>,<\/span> c<\/span> chan<\/span> int<\/span>)<\/span> {<\/span>\r\n\tsum<\/span> :=<\/span> 0<\/span>\r\n\tfor<\/span> _<\/span>,<\/span> v<\/span> :=<\/span> range<\/span> s<\/span> {<\/span>\r\n\t\tsum<\/span> +=<\/span> v<\/span>\r\n\t}<\/span>\r\n\tc<\/span> <-<\/span> sum<\/span>\r\n}<\/span>\r\n\r\nfunc<\/span> goroutine2<\/span>(<\/span>s<\/span> []<\/span>int<\/span>,<\/span> c<\/span> chan<\/span> int<\/span>)<\/span> {<\/span>\r\n\tsum<\/span> :=<\/span> 0<\/span>\r\n\tfor<\/span> _<\/span>,<\/span> v<\/span> :=<\/span> range<\/span> s<\/span> {<\/span>\r\n\t\tsum<\/span> +=<\/span> v<\/span>\r\n\t}<\/span>\r\n\tc<\/span> <-<\/span> sum<\/span>\r\n}<\/span>\r\n\r\nfunc<\/span> normal<\/span>(<\/span>s<\/span> string<\/span>)<\/span> {<\/span>\r\n\tfor<\/span> i<\/span> :=<\/span> 0<\/span>;<\/span> i<\/span> <<\/span> 5<\/span>;<\/span> i<\/span>++<\/span> {<\/span>\r\n\t\tfmt<\/span>.<\/span>Println<\/span>(<\/span>s<\/span>)<\/span>\r\n\t}<\/span>\r\n}<\/span>\r\n\r\nfunc<\/span> main<\/span>()<\/span> {<\/span>\r\n\ts<\/span> :=<\/span> []<\/span>int<\/span>{<\/span>1<\/span>,<\/span> 2<\/span>,<\/span> 3<\/span>,<\/span> 4<\/span>,<\/span> 5<\/span>}<\/span>\r\n\tc<\/span> :=<\/span> make<\/span>(<\/span>chan<\/span> int<\/span>)<\/span>\r\n\tgo<\/span> goroutine1<\/span>(<\/span>s<\/span>,<\/span> c<\/span>)<\/span>\r\n\tgo<\/span> goroutine2<\/span>(<\/span>s<\/span>,<\/span> c<\/span>)<\/span>\r\n\tx<\/span> :=<\/span> <-<\/span>c<\/span>\r\n\tfmt<\/span>.<\/span>Println<\/span>((<\/span>x<\/span>))<\/span>\r\n\ty<\/span> :=<\/span> <-<\/span>c<\/span>\r\n\tfmt<\/span>.<\/span>Println<\/span>((<\/span>y<\/span>))<\/span>\r\n}<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
15\r\n15\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u58f0\u660e\u4e00\u4e2a\u901a\u9053\uff0c\u5e76\u5c06\u5176\u4f20\u9012\u7ed9goroutine1()\u548cgoroutine2()\u3002\u5c06\u7ed3\u679c\u653e\u5165\u901a\u9053\uff0c\u5e76\u5c06\u8fd4\u56de\u7684\u503c\u5b58\u5165\u53d8\u91cf\u540e\u8f93\u51fa\u3002<\/p>\n
51\u4e2a\u7f13\u51b2\u901a\u9053<\/h1>\n
package<\/span> main<\/span>\r\n\r\nimport<\/span> (<\/span>\r\n\t\"fmt\"<\/span>\r\n)<\/span>\r\n\r\nfunc<\/span> main<\/span>()<\/span> {<\/span>\r\n\tch<\/span> :=<\/span> make<\/span>(<\/span>chan<\/span> int<\/span>,<\/span> 2<\/span>)<\/span>\r\n\tch<\/span> <-<\/span> 100<\/span>\r\n\tfmt<\/span>.<\/span>Println<\/span>(<\/span>len<\/span>(<\/span>ch<\/span>))<\/span>\r\n\tch<\/span> <-<\/span> 200<\/span>\r\n\tfmt<\/span>.<\/span>Println<\/span>(<\/span>len<\/span>(<\/span>ch<\/span>))<\/span>\r\n\tclose<\/span>(<\/span>ch<\/span>)<\/span>\r\n\r\n\tfor<\/span> c<\/span> :=<\/span> range<\/span> ch<\/span> {<\/span>\r\n\t\tfmt<\/span>.<\/span>Println<\/span>(<\/span>c<\/span>)<\/span>\r\n\t}<\/span>\r\n}<\/span>\r\n\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u5728\u521b\u5efachannel\u65f6\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u5728make()\u51fd\u6570\u7684\u7b2c\u4e8c\u4e2a\u53c2\u6570\u4e2d\u6307\u5b9a\u4e00\u4e2a\u6570\u5b57\uff0c\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u6307\u5b9a\u53ef\u653e\u5165channel\u7684\u6570\u91cf\u3002
\n\u5982\u679c\u5c1d\u8bd5\u5411channel\u4e2d\u653e\u5165\u8d85\u8fc7\u6307\u5b9a\u6570\u91cf\u7684\u503c\uff0c\u5c06\u4f1a\u4ea7\u751f\u9519\u8bef\u3002<\/p>\n
\u53e6\u5916\uff0c\u5728\u4ecechennel\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528for\u5faa\u73af\u53d6\u51fa\u65f6\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u6ca1\u6709\u6267\u884cclose()\u4f1a\u51fa\u73b0\u9519\u8bef\u3002
\n\u8fd9\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u5728\u672c\u4f8b\u4e2d,\u53d6\u51fa\u4e86\u4e24\u4e2a\u503c\u4e4b\u540e\u53c8\u5c1d\u8bd5\u53d6\u51fa\u7b2c\u4e09\u4e2a\u503c\u3002<\/p>\n
53\u4e2a\u5236\u9020\u8005\u548c\u6d88\u8d39\u8005<\/h1>\n
\u6211\u5bf9\u6b64\u7684\u7406\u89e3\u7a0b\u5ea6\u8fd8\u4e0d\u591f\u6df1\u3002\u5728\u751f\u6210\u7684\u751f\u4ea7\u8005\u548c\u6d88\u8d39\u8005\u4e4b\u95f4\uff0c\u8fdb\u884c\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217ch\u7684\u4ea4\u4e92\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u6267\u884c\u5904\u7406\u3002<\/p>\n
package<\/span> main<\/span>\r\n\r\nimport<\/span> (<\/span>\r\n\t\"fmt\"<\/span>\r\n\t\"sync\"<\/span>\r\n)<\/span>\r\n\r\nfunc<\/span> producer<\/span>(<\/span>ch<\/span> chan<\/span> int<\/span>,<\/span> i<\/span> int<\/span>)<\/span> {<\/span>\r\n\tch<\/span> <-<\/span> i<\/span> *<\/span> 2<\/span>\r\n}<\/span>\r\n\r\nfunc<\/span> consumer<\/span>(<\/span>ch<\/span> chan<\/span> int<\/span>,<\/span> wg<\/span> *<\/span>sync<\/span>.<\/span>WaitGroup<\/span>)<\/span> {<\/span>\r\n\tfor<\/span> i<\/span> :=<\/span> range<\/span> ch<\/span> {<\/span>\r\n\t\tfunc<\/span>()<\/span> {<\/span>\r\n\t\t\twg<\/span>.<\/span>Done<\/span>()<\/span>\r\n\t\t\tfmt<\/span>.<\/span>Println<\/span>(<\/span>\"process\"<\/span>,<\/span> i<\/span>*<\/span>1000<\/span>)<\/span>\r\n\t\t}()<\/span>\r\n\t}<\/span>\r\n\tfmt<\/span>.<\/span>Println<\/span>(<\/span>\"##################\"<\/span>)<\/span>\r\n}<\/span>\r\n\r\nfunc<\/span> main<\/span>()<\/span> {<\/span>\r\n\tvar<\/span> wg<\/span> sync<\/span>.<\/span>WaitGroup<\/span>\r\n\tch<\/span> :=<\/span> make<\/span>(<\/span>chan<\/span> int<\/span>)<\/span>\r\n\r\n\t\/\/ Producer<\/span>\r\n\tfor<\/span> i<\/span> :=<\/span> 0<\/span>;<\/span> i<\/span> <<\/span> 10<\/span>;<\/span> i<\/span>++<\/span> {<\/span>\r\n\t\twg<\/span>.<\/span>Add<\/span>(<\/span>1<\/span>)<\/span>\r\n\t\tgo<\/span> producer<\/span>(<\/span>ch<\/span>,<\/span> i<\/span>)<\/span>\r\n\t}<\/span>\r\n\r\n\t\/\/ Consumer<\/span>\r\n\tgo<\/span> consumer<\/span>(<\/span>ch<\/span>,<\/span> &<\/span>wg<\/span>)<\/span>\r\n\twg<\/span>.<\/span>Wait<\/span>()<\/span>\r\n\tclose<\/span>(<\/span>ch<\/span>)<\/span>\r\n}<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u9009\u62e955\u4e2a\u9891\u9053<\/h1>\n
package<\/span> main<\/span>\r\n\r\nimport<\/span> (<\/span>\r\n\t\"fmt\"<\/span>\r\n\t\"time\"<\/span>\r\n)<\/span>\r\n\r\nfunc<\/span> goroutine1<\/span>(<\/span>ch<\/span> chan<\/span> string<\/span>)<\/span> {<\/span>\r\n\tfor<\/span> {<\/span>\r\n\t\tch<\/span> <-<\/span> \"packet from 1\"<\/span>\r\n\t\ttime<\/span>.<\/span>Sleep<\/span>(<\/span>3<\/span> *<\/span> time<\/span>.<\/span>Second<\/span>)<\/span>\r\n\t}<\/span>\r\n}<\/span>\r\n\r\nfunc<\/span> goroutine2<\/span>(<\/span>ch<\/span> chan<\/span> int<\/span>)<\/span> {<\/span>\r\n\tfor<\/span> {<\/span>\r\n\t\tch<\/span> <-<\/span> 100<\/span>\r\n\t\ttime<\/span>.<\/span>Sleep<\/span>(<\/span>1<\/span> *<\/span> time<\/span>.<\/span>Second<\/span>)<\/span>\r\n\t}<\/span>\r\n}<\/span>\r\n\r\nfunc<\/span> main<\/span>()<\/span> {<\/span>\r\n\tc1<\/span> :=<\/span> make<\/span>(<\/span>chan<\/span> string<\/span>)<\/span>\r\n\tc2<\/span> :=<\/span> make<\/span>(<\/span>chan<\/span> int<\/span>)<\/span>\r\n\tgo<\/span> goroutine1<\/span>(<\/span>c1<\/span>)<\/span>\r\n\tgo<\/span> goroutine2<\/span>(<\/span>c2<\/span>)<\/span>\r\n\tfor<\/span> {<\/span>\r\n\t\tselect<\/span> {<\/span>\r\n\t\tcase<\/span> msg1<\/span> :=<\/span> <-<\/span>c1<\/span>:<\/span>\r\n\t\t\tfmt<\/span>.<\/span>Println<\/span>(<\/span>msg1<\/span>)<\/span>\r\n\t\tcase<\/span> msg2<\/span> :=<\/span> <-<\/span>c2<\/span>:<\/span>\r\n\t\t\tfmt<\/span>.<\/span>Println<\/span>(<\/span>msg2<\/span>)<\/span>\r\n\t\t}<\/span>\r\n\t}<\/span>\r\n}<\/span>\r\n\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u5728\u4e0d\u540c\u7684goroutine\u4e2d\u6267\u884c\u5904\u7406\uff0c\u5e76\u6839\u636e\u5b83\u4eec\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u8fdb\u884c\u5206\u652f\u9009\u62e9\u65f6\uff0c\u8bf7\u4f7f\u7528select\u3002<\/p>\n
56 \u9ed8\u8ba4\u9009\u62e9\u548c\u4e2d\u65ad<\/h1>\n
package<\/span> main<\/span>\r\n\r\nimport<\/span> (<\/span>\r\n\t\"fmt\"<\/span>\r\n\t\"time\"<\/span>\r\n)<\/span>\r\n\r\nfunc<\/span> main<\/span>()<\/span> {<\/span>\r\n\ttick<\/span> :=<\/span> time<\/span>.<\/span>Tick<\/span>(<\/span>100<\/span> *<\/span> time<\/span>.<\/span>Millisecond<\/span>)<\/span>\r\n\tboom<\/span> :=<\/span> time<\/span>.<\/span>After<\/span>(<\/span>500<\/span> *<\/span> time<\/span>.<\/span>Millisecond<\/span>)<\/span>\r\nOuterLoop<\/span>:<\/span>\r\n\tfor<\/span> {<\/span>\r\n\t\tselect<\/span> {<\/span>\r\n\t\tcase<\/span> <-<\/span>tick<\/span>:<\/span>\r\n\t\t\tfmt<\/span>.<\/span>Println<\/span>(<\/span>\"tick.\"<\/span>)<\/span>\r\n\t\tcase<\/span> <-<\/span>boom<\/span>:<\/span>\r\n\t\t\tfmt<\/span>.<\/span>Println<\/span>(<\/span>\"BOOM\"<\/span>)<\/span>\r\n\t\t\tbreak<\/span> OuterLoop<\/span>\r\n\t\tdefault<\/span>:<\/span>\r\n\t\t\tfmt<\/span>.<\/span>Println<\/span>(<\/span>\"    .\"<\/span>)<\/span>\r\n\t\t\ttime<\/span>.<\/span>Sleep<\/span>(<\/span>50<\/span> *<\/span> time<\/span>.<\/span>Millisecond<\/span>)<\/span>\r\n\t\t}<\/span>\r\n\t}<\/span>\r\n\tfmt<\/span>.<\/span>Println<\/span>(<\/span>\"###############\"<\/span>)<\/span>\r\n}<\/span>\r\n\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
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\ntime.Tick\u4f1a\u8fd4\u56de\u4e00\u4e2a\u901a\u9053\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
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