{"id":44061,"date":"2023-10-13T00:40:45","date_gmt":"2023-07-01T12:32:32","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.silicloud.com\/zh\/blog\/golang%e5%9f%ba%e7%a1%80%e6%a6%82%e8%bf%b0\/"},"modified":"2024-05-04T03:57:59","modified_gmt":"2024-05-03T19:57:59","slug":"golang%e5%9f%ba%e7%a1%80%e6%a6%82%e8%bf%b0","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.silicloud.com\/zh\/blog\/golang%e5%9f%ba%e7%a1%80%e6%a6%82%e8%bf%b0\/","title":{"rendered":"Golang\u57fa\u7840\u6982\u8ff0"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u9996\u5148<\/h1>\n

\u6b64\u6587\u7ae0\u662f\u57fa\u4e8e\u5728\u4ee5\u4e0bUdemy\u8bfe\u7a0b\u4e2d\u5b66\u5230\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u6240\u521b\u5efa\u7684\u3002
\nhttps:\/\/www.udemy.com\/course\/golang-webgosql\/
\n\u5982\u679c\u60a8\u60f3\u8981\u66f4\u8be6\u7ec6\u5730\u5b66\u4e60\uff0c\u5efa\u8bae\u60a8\u4eb2\u81ea\u53c2\u52a0\u8be5\u8bfe\u7a0b\u3002
\n\u5982\u679c\u60a8\u5df2\u7ecf\u53c2\u52a0\u8fc7\u8be5\u8bfe\u7a0b\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06\u5176\u7528\u4e8e\u590d\u4e60\u7b49\u7528\u9014\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5c06\u6570\u636e\u663e\u793a\u5230\u63a7\u5236\u53f0<\/h1>\n

\u4f7f\u7528\u6807\u51c6\u5305\u4e2d\u7684fmt\u3002
\nPrintln\u51fd\u6570\u5728\u6700\u540e\u4f1a\u6362\u884c\uff0c\u7c7b\u4f3c\u7684\u51fd\u6570\u8fd8\u6709Print\u548cPrintf\u3002<\/p>\n

package<\/span> main<\/span>\r\n\r\nimport<\/span> \"fmt\"<\/span>\r\n\r\nfunc<\/span> main<\/span>()<\/span> {<\/span>\r\n\tfmt<\/span>.<\/span>Println<\/span>(<\/span>\"Hello World\"<\/span>)<\/span> \/\/ \u30b3\u30f3\u30bd\u30fc\u30eb\u306bHello World\u3068\u8868\u793a\u3055\u308c\u308b<\/span>\r\n}<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
Go\u7684\u8fd0\u884c\u65b9\u5f0f<\/h1>\n
\u53bb\u8dd1\u6b65<\/h2>\n
\u53ea\u9700\u6307\u5b9a\u6587\u4ef6\u5373\u53ef\u6267\u884c\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u7b80\u5355\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002<\/p>\n
go run \u30d5\u30a1\u30a4\u30eb\u540d\r\ngo run main.go \/\/ \u4f8b\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u53bb\u6784\u5efa<\/h2>\n
\u7f16\u8bd1\u6587\u4ef6\u5e76\u521b\u5efa\u5b83\u3002\u7136\u540e\u53ef\u4ee5\u6267\u884c\u6240\u521b\u5efa\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u3002<\/p>\n
go build -o<\/span> \u30b3\u30f3\u30d1\u30a4\u30eb\u5f8c\u306e\u30d5\u30a1\u30a4\u30eb\u540d go\u30d5\u30a1\u30a4\u30eb\u540d\r\ngo build -o<\/span> main main.go \/\/ \u4f8b\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u53d8\u91cf<\/h1>\n
\u660e\u786e\u7684\u5b9a\u4e49<\/h2>\n
\/\/ \u5f62\u5f0f<\/span>\r\nvar<\/span> \u5909\u6570\u540d<\/span> \u578b<\/span> =<\/span> \u521d\u671f\u5024<\/span>\r\n\/\/ \u4f8b<\/span>\r\nvar<\/span> price<\/span> int<\/span> =<\/span> 1000<\/span>\r\nvar<\/span> name<\/span> string<\/span> =<\/span> \"Golang\u201d\r\n<\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n
\u53ef\u4ee5\u7701\u7565\u521d\u59cb\u503c\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u4f1a\u4f7f\u7528\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u9ed8\u8ba4\u521d\u59cb\u503c\u3002<\/p>\n
var<\/span> price<\/span> int<\/span> \/\/ int\u578b\u306f0<\/span>\r\nvar<\/span> name<\/span> string<\/span> \/\/ string\u578b\u306f\u7a7a\u767d<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u6697\u9ed8\u7684\u5b9a\u7fa9<\/h2>\n
\u7531\u4e8e\u53ef\u4ee5\u4ece\u521d\u59cb\u503c\u8fdb\u884c\u7c7b\u578b\u63a8\u65ad\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u8fdb\u884c\u4ee5\u4e0b\u7c7b\u578b\u6307\u5b9a\u3002<\/p>\n
\/\/ \u5f62\u5f0f<\/span>\r\n\u5909\u6570\u540d<\/span> :=<\/span> \u521d\u671f\u5024<\/span>\r\n\/\/ \u4f8b<\/span>\r\nprice<\/span> :=<\/span> 1000<\/span>\r\nname<\/span> :=<\/span> \"Golang\"<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u6ce8\u610f\u70b9\u662f\u6697\u9ed8\u5b9a\u4e49\u53ea\u80fd\u5728\u51fd\u6570\u5185\u90e8\u4f7f\u7528\uff0c\u5728\u51fd\u6570\u5916\u90e8\u4f7f\u7528\u5c06\u4f1a\u62a5\u9519\u3002<\/p>\n
:<\/span>price<\/span> =<\/span> 1000<\/span> \/\/ \u30a8\u30e9\u30fc<\/span>\r\n\r\nfunc<\/span> main<\/span>()<\/span> {<\/span>\r\n :<\/span>name<\/span> =<\/span> \"Golang\"<\/span> \/\/ OK<\/span>\r\n}<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u5f53\u9700\u8981\u540c\u65f6\u5b9a\u4e49\u591a\u4e2a\u53d8\u91cf\u65f6<\/h2>\n
var<\/span> (<\/span>\r\n    price<\/span> int<\/span> =<\/span> 1000<\/span>\r\n    name<\/span> string<\/span> =<\/span> \"Golang\"<\/span>\r\n)<\/span>\r\n\/\/ or <\/span>\r\nvar<\/span> price<\/span>,<\/span> name<\/span> =<\/span> 1000<\/span>,<\/span> \"Golang\"<\/span>\r\n\/\/ or<\/span>\r\nprice<\/span>,<\/span> name<\/span> :=<\/span> 1000<\/span>,<\/span> \"Golang\"<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u7ed9\u53d8\u91cf\u8d4b\u503c<\/h2>\n
var<\/span> price<\/span> int<\/span> =<\/span> 1000<\/span>\r\nprice<\/span> =<\/span> 2000<\/span> \/\/ \u4ee3\u5165<\/span>\r\nfmt<\/span>.<\/span>Println<\/span>(<\/span>price<\/span>)<\/span> \/\/ 2000<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u56fa\u5b9a\u6570\u91cf<\/h1>\n
\u4e0e\u53d8\u91cf\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u5e38\u91cf\u65e0\u6cd5\u91cd\u65b0\u8d4b\u503c\u3002<\/p>\n
const<\/span> pageCount<\/span> =<\/span> 3<\/span>\r\nconst<\/span> fileName<\/span> =<\/span> \"filename\"<\/span> \r\n\r\npageCount<\/span> =<\/span> 10<\/span> \/\/ \u30a8\u30e9\u30fc<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u5e38\u91cf\u548c\u53d8\u91cf\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e00\u8d77\u5b9a\u4e49\u3002<\/p>\n
const<\/span> (<\/span>\r\n    pageCount<\/span> =<\/span> 3<\/span>\r\n    fileName<\/span> =<\/span> \"filename\"<\/span> \r\n)<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u4e0d\u540c\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u6837\u5f0f<\/h1>\n
\u6574\u6570\u7c7b\u578b\u3001\u6d6e\u70b9\u6570\u7c7b\u578b\u3001\u903b\u8f91\u503c\u7c7b\u578b\u3001\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u7c7b\u578b<\/h2>\n
\/\/ \u6574\u6570\u578b\uff08int\uff09<\/span>\r\nvar<\/span> i<\/span> int<\/span> =<\/span> 1000<\/span>\r\n\r\n\/\/ \u6d6e\u52d5\u5c0f\u6570\u70b9\u578b\uff08float\uff09<\/span>\r\n\/\/ 64\u306832\u306e\u9055\u3044\u306f\u683c\u7d0d\u3067\u304d\u308b\u5024\u306e\u5927\u304d\u3055<\/span>\r\nvar<\/span> fl64<\/span> float64<\/span> =<\/span> 3.14<\/span>\r\nvar<\/span> fl32<\/span> float32<\/span> =<\/span> 3.14<\/span>\r\n\r\n\/\/ \u8ad6\u7406\u5024\u578b(bool)<\/span>\r\nvar<\/span> t<\/span> bool<\/span> =<\/span> true<\/span>\r\nvar<\/span> f<\/span> bool<\/span> =<\/span> false<\/span>\r\n\r\n\/\/ \u6587\u5b57\u5217\u578b\uff08string\uff09<\/span>\r\nvar<\/span> s<\/span> string<\/span> =<\/span> \"Golang\"<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u5b57\u8282\u578b<\/h2>\n
\/\/ byte\u578b(uint8\u578b)<\/span>\r\nvar<\/span> b<\/span> =<\/span> []<\/span>byte<\/span>{<\/span>97<\/span>,<\/span> 98<\/span>,<\/span> 99<\/span>}<\/span>\r\nfmt<\/span>.<\/span>Println<\/span>(<\/span>string<\/span>(<\/span>b<\/span>))<\/span> \/\/ abc<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u4ee5\u4e0b\u94fe\u63a5\u4e2d\u7684\u6587\u7ae0\u5bf9\u4e8ebyte\u7c7b\u578b\u5f88\u5bb9\u6613\u7406\u89e3\u3002
\nhttps:\/\/qiita.com\/s_zaq\/items\/a6d1df0d1bf79f5bcc2a<\/p>\n
\u6570\u7ec4\u578b<\/h2>\n
\u80fd\u591f\u5b58\u50a8\u591a\u4e2a\u503c\u7684\u6570\u636e\u7c7b\u578b<\/p>\n
\/\/ \u914d\u5217\u578b\u306e\u5f62\u5f0f<\/span>\r\n[<\/span>\u8981\u7d20\u6570<\/span>]<\/span>\u578b<\/span>{<\/span>\u5024<\/span>,<\/span> \u5024<\/span>,<\/span> \u5024<\/span>,<\/span> ...<\/span>}<\/span>\r\n\r\nvar<\/span> arr1<\/span> =<\/span> [<\/span>3<\/span>]<\/span>int<\/span>{<\/span>1<\/span>,<\/span> 2<\/span>,<\/span> 3<\/span>}<\/span>\r\nfmt<\/span>.<\/span>Println<\/span>(<\/span>arr1<\/span>)<\/span> \/\/ [1, 2, 3]<\/span>\r\n\/\/ \u8981\u7d20\u6570\u3092...\u3068\u8a18\u8f09\u3059\u308b\u3068\u521d\u671f\u5024\u306e\u500b\u6570\u306b\u306a\u308b<\/span>\r\nvar<\/span> arr2<\/span> =<\/span> [<\/span>...<\/span>]<\/span>int<\/span>{<\/span>1<\/span>,<\/span> 2<\/span>,<\/span> 3<\/span>}<\/span> \/\/ arr2\u306e\u578b\u306f[3]int<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u7279\u5f81\u662f\u4e0d\u53ef\u53d8\u7684\u5143\u7d20\u6570\u91cf\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u5143\u7d20\u6570\u91cf\u88ab\u89c6\u4e3a\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u7c7b\u578b\u3002<\/p>\n
var<\/span> arr1<\/span> =<\/span> [<\/span>3<\/span>]<\/span>int<\/span>\r\nvar<\/span> arr2<\/span> =<\/span> [<\/span>4<\/span>]<\/span>int<\/span>\r\narri<\/span> =<\/span> arr2<\/span> \/\/ \u8981\u7d20\u6570\u304c\u7570\u306a\u308a\u578b\u304c\u9055\u3046\u305f\u3081\u30a8\u30e9\u30fc<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u5207\u7247\u7c7b\u578b<\/h2>\n
\u7b80\u800c\u8a00\u4e4b\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u53ef\u4ee5\u6539\u53d8\u6570\u7ec4\u5143\u7d20\u6570\u91cf\u7684\u7248\u672c\uff0c\u7c7b\u4f3c\u4e8e\u5176\u4ed6\u7f16\u7a0b\u8bed\u8a00\uff08\u5982js\u548cphp\uff09\u7684\u6570\u7ec4\u7c7b\u578b\u3002<\/p>\n
\/\/ \u30b9\u30e9\u30a4\u30b9\u306e\u5f62\u5f0f<\/span>\r\n[]<\/span>\u578b<\/span>{<\/span>\u5024<\/span>,<\/span> \u5024<\/span>,<\/span> \u5024<\/span>,<\/span> ...<\/span>}<\/span> \/\/ \u914d\u5217\u3068\u9055\u3044\u8981\u7d20\u6570\u3092\u6307\u5b9a\u3057\u306a\u3044<\/span>\r\n\r\nvar<\/span> s1<\/span> =<\/span> []<\/span>int<\/span>{<\/span>1<\/span>,<\/span> 2<\/span>,<\/span> 3<\/span>}<\/span>\r\ns1<\/span> =<\/span> append<\/span>(<\/span>s1<\/span>,<\/span> 4<\/span>)<\/span> \/\/ append\u306f\u8981\u7d20\u3092\u8ffd\u52a0\u3059\u308b\u30e1\u30bd\u30c3\u30c9<\/span>\r\nfmt<\/span>.<\/span>Println<\/span>(<\/span>s1<\/span>)<\/span> \/\/ [1, 2, 3, 4]<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u5730\u56fe\u7c7b\u578b<\/h2>\n
\/\/ \u5f62\u5f0f<\/span>\r\nmap<\/span>[<\/span>\u30ad\u30fc\u306e\u578b<\/span>]<\/span>\u5024\u306e\u578b<\/span>{<\/span>\"\u30ad\u30fc\u540d\"<\/span>:<\/span> \u5024<\/span>,<\/span> ...<\/span>}<\/span>\r\n\r\nvar<\/span> m<\/span> =<\/span> map<\/span>[<\/span>string<\/span>]<\/span>int<\/span>{<\/span>\"apple\"<\/span>:<\/span> 100<\/span>,<\/span> \"banana\"<\/span>:<\/span> 200<\/span>}<\/span>\r\n\r\n\/\/ \u30ad\u30fc\u3092\u6307\u5b9a\u3057\u3066\u5024\u3092\u53d6\u5f97<\/span>\r\nm<\/span>[<\/span>\"apple\"<\/span>]<\/span> \/\/ 100<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u754c\u9762\u7c7b\u578b<\/h2>\n
\u5bf9\u4e8e\u6bcf\u4e00\u4e2a\u503c\u90fd\u6709\u76f8\u5e94\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u7c7b\u578b<\/p>\n
var<\/span> x<\/span> interface<\/span>{}<\/span> \/\/ {}\u307e\u3067\u304c\u578b\u540d<\/span>\r\n\/\/ \u3069\u306e\u578b\u306e\u5024\u3067\u3082\u4ee3\u5165\u3067\u304d\u308b<\/span>\r\nx<\/span> =<\/span> 1<\/span>\r\nx<\/span> =<\/span> 3.14<\/span>\r\nx<\/span> =<\/span> \"string\"<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u9700\u8981\u6ce8\u610f\u7684\u662f\u65e0\u6cd5\u8fdb\u884c\u8ba1\u7b97\u7b49\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002<\/p>\n
var<\/span> x<\/span> interface<\/span>{}<\/span> =<\/span> 2<\/span>\r\nsum<\/span> :=<\/span> x<\/span> +<\/span> 2<\/span> \/\/ \u30a8\u30e9\u30fc<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u7c7b\u578b\u8f6c\u6362<\/h1>\n
\/\/ float \u2192 int<\/span>\r\nvar<\/span> fl64<\/span> float64<\/span> =<\/span> 3.14<\/span>\r\nint<\/span>(<\/span>fl64<\/span>)<\/span>\r\n\r\n\/\/ int \u2192 float<\/span>\r\nvar<\/span> i<\/span> int<\/span> =<\/span> 1<\/span>\r\nfloat64<\/span>(<\/span>i<\/span>)<\/span>\r\n\r\n\/\/ string \u2192 int<\/span>\r\nvar<\/span> s<\/span> string<\/span> =<\/span> \"100\"<\/span>\r\ni<\/span>,<\/span> _<\/span> =<\/span> strconv<\/span>.<\/span>Atoi<\/span>(<\/span>s<\/span>)<\/span> \/\/ i\u306e\u578b\u306fint<\/span>\r\n\r\n\/\/ int \u2192 string<\/span>\r\nvar<\/span> i<\/span> int<\/span> =<\/span> 200<\/span>\r\ns<\/span> :=<\/span> strconv<\/span>.<\/span>Itoa<\/span>(<\/span>i2<\/span>)<\/span> \/\/ s\u306e\u578b\u306fstring<\/span>\r\n\r\n\/\/ string \u2192 byte[]<\/span>\r\nb<\/span> :=<\/span>[]<\/span>byte<\/span>(<\/span>\"abc\"<\/span>)<\/span>\r\nfmt<\/span>.<\/span>Println<\/span>(<\/span>b<\/span>)<\/span> \/\/ [97, 98, 99]<\/span>\r\n\r\n\/\/ byte[] \u2192 string<\/span>\r\ns<\/span> :=<\/span> string<\/span>([]<\/span>byte<\/span>{<\/span>97<\/span>,<\/span> 98<\/span>,<\/span> 99<\/span>})<\/span>\r\nfmt<\/span>.<\/span>Println<\/span>(<\/span>s<\/span>)<\/span> \/\/ \"abc\"<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u51fd\u6570 sh\u00f9)<\/h1>\n
\/\/ \u5f62\u5f0f<\/span>\r\nfunc<\/span> \u95a2\u6570\u540d<\/span>(<\/span>\u5f15\u6570<\/span> \u578b<\/span>,<\/span> ...<\/span>)<\/span> \u8fd4\u308a\u5024\u306e\u578b<\/span> {<\/span>\r\n    \/\/ \u51e6\u7406<\/span>\r\n}<\/span>\r\n\r\n\/\/ \u4f8b<\/span>\r\nfunc<\/span> Add<\/span>(<\/span>x<\/span> int<\/span>,<\/span> y<\/span> int<\/span>)<\/span> int<\/span> {<\/span>\r\n\treturn<\/span> x<\/span> +<\/span> y<\/span>\r\n}<\/span>\r\n\r\nfunc<\/span> main<\/span>()<\/span> {<\/span>\r\n\ti<\/span> :=<\/span> Add<\/span>(<\/span>1<\/span>,<\/span> 2<\/span>)<\/span>\r\n\tfmt<\/span>.<\/span>Println<\/span>(<\/span>i<\/span>)<\/span> \/\/ 3<\/span>\r\n}<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u533f\u540d\u51fd\u6570<\/h2>\n
\u7b80\u5355\u5730\u8bf4\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u51fd\u6570\u5185\u90e8\u7f16\u5199\u4ee3\u7801\u3002
\n\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u51fd\u6570\u53c2\u6570\u4e2d\u4f20\u9012\u51fd\u6570\u3002<\/p>\n
add<\/span> :=<\/span> func<\/span> (<\/span>x<\/span> int<\/span>,<\/span> y<\/span> int<\/span>)<\/span> int<\/span> {<\/span>\r\n    return<\/span> x<\/span> +<\/span> y<\/span>\r\n}<\/span>\r\nadd<\/span>(<\/span>1<\/span>,<\/span> 2<\/span>)<\/span> \/\/ 3<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u6700\u540e\uff0c\u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u62ec\u53f7\u5185\u76f4\u63a5\u6dfb\u52a0\u5e76\u6267\u884c\u672a\u547d\u540d\u7684\u51fd\u6570\u3002<\/p>\n
func<\/span> (<\/span>x<\/span> int<\/span>,<\/span> y<\/span> int<\/span>)<\/span> int<\/span> {<\/span>\r\n    return<\/span> x<\/span> +<\/span> y<\/span>\r\n}(<\/span>1<\/span>,<\/span> 2<\/span>)<\/span> \/\/ 3<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
for\u5faa\u73af<\/h1>\n
\u7528\u4e8e\u6267\u884c\u91cd\u590d\u5904\u7406\u7684\u5de5\u5177<\/p>\n
\/\/ \u5f62\u5f0f<\/span>\r\nfor<\/span> \u521d\u671f\u5316<\/span>;<\/span> \u6761\u4ef6<\/span>;<\/span> \u7e70\u308a\u8fd4\u3057\u5f0f<\/span> {<\/span>\r\n    \/\/ \u51e6\u7406<\/span>\r\n}<\/span>\r\n\/\/ \u4f8b<\/span>\r\nfor<\/span> i<\/span> :=<\/span> 0<\/span>;<\/span> i<\/span> <<\/span> 10<\/span>;<\/span> i<\/span>++<\/span> {<\/span>\r\n    fmt<\/span>.<\/span>Print<\/span>(<\/span>i<\/span>)<\/span> \/\/ 0123456789<\/span>\r\n}<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u5728\u83b7\u53d6\u7d22\u5f15\u548c\u503c\u3001\u952e\u548c\u503c\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e2d\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528range\u3002<\/p>\n
nums<\/span> :=<\/span> []<\/span>int<\/span>{<\/span>1<\/span>,<\/span> 2<\/span>,<\/span> 3<\/span>}<\/span>\r\nfor<\/span> index<\/span>,<\/span> value<\/span> :=<\/span> range<\/span> nums<\/span> {<\/span>\r\n    fmt<\/span>.<\/span>Printf<\/span>(<\/span>\"index: %d, value: %d<\/span>\\n<\/span>\"<\/span>,<\/span> index<\/span>,<\/span> value<\/span>)<\/span>\r\n    \/\/ \u51fa\u529b\u7d50\u679c<\/span>\r\n    \/\/ index: 0, value: 1<\/span>\r\n    \/\/ index: 1, value: 2<\/span>\r\n    \/\/ index: 2, value: 3<\/span>\r\n}<\/span>\r\n\r\n\/\/ map<\/span>\r\nvar<\/span> m<\/span> =<\/span> map<\/span>[<\/span>string<\/span>]<\/span>int<\/span>{<\/span>\"apple\"<\/span>:<\/span> 100<\/span>,<\/span> \"banana\"<\/span>:<\/span> 200<\/span>}<\/span>\r\nfor<\/span> key<\/span>,<\/span> value<\/span> :=<\/span> range<\/span> m<\/span> {<\/span>\r\n    fmt<\/span>.<\/span>Printf<\/span>(<\/span>\"key: %s, value: %d<\/span>\\n<\/span>\"<\/span>,<\/span> key<\/span>,<\/span> value<\/span>)<\/span>\r\n    \/\/ \u51fa\u529b\u7d50\u679c<\/span>\r\n    \/\/ key: apple, value: 100<\/span>\r\n    \/\/ key: banana, value: 200<\/span>\r\n}<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u5ef6\u671f<\/h1>\n
\u901a\u8fc7\u5728\u4ee3\u7801\u524d\u9762\u52a0\u4e0adefer\u5173\u952e\u5b57\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u6ce8\u518c\u51fd\u6570\u5728\u7ed3\u675f\u65f6\u6267\u884c\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002\u5728\u4e0b\u9762\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u4e2d\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u5230defer\u8bed\u53e5\u88ab\u9996\u5148\u7f16\u5199\uff0c\u4f46\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u662f\u5728\u6700\u540e\u6267\u884c\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n
func<\/span> main<\/span>()<\/span> {<\/span>\r\n\tdefer<\/span> fmt<\/span>.<\/span>Println<\/span>(<\/span>\"end\"<\/span>)<\/span>\r\n\tfmt<\/span>.<\/span>Println<\/span>(<\/span>\"start\"<\/span>)<\/span>\r\n    \r\n    \/\/ \u51fa\u529b\u7d50\u679c<\/span>\r\n    \/\/ start<\/span>\r\n    \/\/ end<\/span>\r\n}<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u4f7f\u7528\u6848\u4f8b\u662f\u4e3a\u4e86\u9632\u6b62\u6253\u5f00\u6587\u4ef6\u540e\u5fd8\u8bb0\u5173\u95ed\u3002\u5982\u679c\u6ca1\u6709\u5173\u95ed\u7684\u5904\u7406\uff0c\u4f1a\u5bfc\u81f4\u5185\u5b58\u6cc4\u6f0f\u3002<\/p>\n
file<\/span>,<\/span> _<\/span> :=<\/span> os<\/span>.<\/span>Create<\/span>(<\/span>\".\/test.txt\"<\/span>)<\/span>\r\n\/\/ \u30d5\u30a1\u30a4\u30eb\u3092\u958b\u3044\u3042\u3068\u306b\u3001defer\u6587\u3092\u4f7f\u3063\u3066\u9589\u3058\u308b\u51e6\u7406\u3092\u3059\u3050\u306b\u8a18\u8ff0\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3067\u3001\u9589\u3058\u5fd8\u308c\u3092\u9632\u3050<\/span>\r\ndefer<\/span> file<\/span>.<\/span>Close<\/span>()<\/span> \r\n\r\nfile<\/span>.<\/span>Write<\/span>([]<\/span>byte<\/span>(<\/span>\"Test<\/span>\\n<\/span>\"<\/span>))<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u5e76\u884c\u5904\u7406<\/h1>\n
\u4f7f\u7528Go\u8bed\u8a00\u4e2d\u7684go\u534f\u7a0b\u53ef\u4ee5\u8f7b\u677e\u7f16\u5199\u5f02\u6b65\u5904\u7406\u3002<\/p>\n
\u7531\u4e8e\u4ee5\u4e0b\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u7684sub\u65b9\u6cd5\u5185\u6709\u65e0\u9650\u5faa\u73af\uff0c\u5bfc\u81f4\u5728\u8c03\u7528sub\u65b9\u6cd5\u540e\uff0cMain\u5faa\u73af\u65e0\u6cd5\u6267\u884c\u3002<\/p>\n
func<\/span> sub<\/span>()<\/span> {<\/span>\r\n\tfor<\/span> {<\/span>\r\n\t\tfmt<\/span>.<\/span>Println<\/span>(<\/span>\"Sub loop\"<\/span>)<\/span>\r\n\t\ttime<\/span>.<\/span>Sleep<\/span>(<\/span>100<\/span> *<\/span> time<\/span>.<\/span>Millisecond<\/span>)<\/span>\r\n\t}<\/span>\r\n}<\/span>\r\n\r\nfunc<\/span> main<\/span>()<\/span> {<\/span>\r\n\tsub<\/span>()<\/span>\r\n\r\n\tfor<\/span> {<\/span>\r\n\t\tfmt<\/span>.<\/span>Println<\/span>(<\/span>\"Main loop\"<\/span>)<\/span>\r\n\t\ttime<\/span>.<\/span>Sleep<\/span>(<\/span>200<\/span> *<\/span> time<\/span>.<\/span>Millisecond<\/span>)<\/span>\r\n\t}<\/span>\r\n}<\/span>\r\n\r\n\/\/ \u51fa\u529b\u7d50\u679c<\/span>\r\n\/\/ Sub loop<\/span>\r\n\/\/ Sub loop<\/span>\r\n\/\/ Sub loop<\/span>\r\n\/\/ ...<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u901a\u8fc7\u7ed9`sub`\u65b9\u6cd5\u7684\u8c03\u7528\u6dfb\u52a0`go`\uff0c\u5c06`sub`\u5faa\u73af\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3a\u5f02\u6b65\u5904\u7406\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u540c\u65f6\u8fd0\u884c\u4e24\u4e2a\u5faa\u73af\u3002<\/p>\n
func<\/span> sub<\/span>()<\/span> {<\/span>\r\n\tfor<\/span> {<\/span>\r\n\t\tfmt<\/span>.<\/span>Println<\/span>(<\/span>\"Sub loop\"<\/span>)<\/span>\r\n\t\ttime<\/span>.<\/span>Sleep<\/span>(<\/span>100<\/span> *<\/span> time<\/span>.<\/span>Millisecond<\/span>)<\/span>\r\n\t}<\/span>\r\n}<\/span>\r\n\r\nfunc<\/span> main<\/span>()<\/span> {<\/span>\r\n\tgo<\/span> sub<\/span>()<\/span> <-<\/span> \u3053\u3053\u306bgo\u3092\u8ffd\u52a0\u3059\u308b\u3060\u3051<\/span>\r\n\r\n\tfor<\/span> {<\/span>\r\n\t\tfmt<\/span>.<\/span>Println<\/span>(<\/span>\"Main loop\"<\/span>)<\/span>\r\n\t\ttime<\/span>.<\/span>Sleep<\/span>(<\/span>200<\/span> *<\/span> time<\/span>.<\/span>Millisecond<\/span>)<\/span>\r\n\t}<\/span>\r\n}<\/span>\r\n\r\n\/\/ \u51fa\u529b\u7d50\u679c<\/span>\r\n\/\/ Main loop<\/span>\r\n\/\/ Sub loop<\/span>\r\n\/\/ Sub loop<\/span>\r\n\/\/ Main loop<\/span>\r\n\/\/ ...<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u6307\u9488<\/h1>\n
\u5728\u5185\u5b58\u4e2d\u6307\u793a\u53d8\u91cf\u7684\u5730\u5740\u4fe1\u606f
\n\u901a\u8fc7\u8fd9\u4e2a\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06\u53d8\u91cf\u7684\u503c\u5171\u4eab\u7ed9\u5176\u4ed6\u53d8\u91cf
\n\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u6240\u8c13\u7684\u4f20\u9012\u5f15\u7528\u72b6\u6001\u3002<\/p>\n
i<\/span> :=<\/span> 100<\/span>\r\nfmt<\/span>.<\/span>Println<\/span>(<\/span>i<\/span>)<\/span> \/\/ 100<\/span>\r\n\/\/ \u5024\u578b\u306e\u30a2\u30c9\u30ec\u30b9\uff08&\u3092\u3064\u3051\u308b\uff09<\/span>\r\nfmt<\/span>.<\/span>Println<\/span>(<\/span>&<\/span>i<\/span>)<\/span> \/\/ 0x140000a4008<\/span>\r\n\r\n\/\/ \u30dd\u30a4\u30f3\u30bf\u578b\uff08\u578b\u306b*\u3092\u3064\u3051\u3066\u578b\u6307\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\uff09<\/span>\r\nvar<\/span> p<\/span> *<\/span>int<\/span> =<\/span> &<\/span>i<\/span> \/\/ i\u306e\u30a2\u30c9\u30ec\u30b9\u3092\u4ee3\u5165<\/span>\r\n\/\/ \u30dd\u30a4\u30f3\u30bf\u578b\u306e\u30a2\u30c9\u30ec\u30b9<\/span>\r\nfmt<\/span>.<\/span>Println<\/span>(<\/span>p<\/span>)<\/span> \/\/ 0x140000a4008<\/span>\r\n\/\/ \u30dd\u30a4\u30f3\u30bf\u578b\u306e\u5b9f\u4f53\uff08*\u3092\u3064\u3051\u308b\uff09<\/span>\r\nfmt<\/span>.<\/span>Println<\/span>(<\/span>*<\/span>p<\/span>)<\/span> \/\/ 100<\/span>\r\n\r\n\/\/ i\u306e\u30a2\u30c9\u30ec\u30b9\u3092p\u306e\u30dd\u30a4\u30f3\u30bf\u578b\u306b\u4ee3\u5165\u3057\u305f\u305f\u3081\u3001i\u3068p\u306f\u540c\u3058\u30a2\u30c9\u30ec\u30b9\u3092\u53c2\u7167\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b<\/span>\r\n\/\/ \u3053\u306e\u305f\u3081\u3001i\u306e\u5024\u3092\u5909\u66f4\u3059\u308b\u3068p\u306e\u5024\u3082\u5909\u66f4\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3002\u9006\u3082\u540c\u69d8<\/span>\r\ni<\/span> =<\/span> 200<\/span>\r\nfmt<\/span>.<\/span>Println<\/span>(<\/span>*<\/span>p<\/span>)<\/span> \/\/ p\u3082200\u306b\u306a\u308b<\/span>\r\n*<\/span>p<\/span> =<\/span> 300<\/span>\r\nfmt<\/span>.<\/span>Println<\/span>(<\/span>i<\/span>)<\/span> \/\/ i\u3082300\u306b\u306a\u308b<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u901a\u5e38\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u51fd\u6570\u7684\u53c2\u6570\u4f7f\u7528\u6307\u9488\u7c7b\u578b\u3002
\n\u539f\u56e0\u662f\u4e3a\u4e86\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u51fd\u6570\u5185\u90e8\u4fee\u6539\u901a\u8fc7\u53c2\u6570\u4f20\u9012\u7684\u503c\u3002<\/p>\n
func<\/span> Double<\/span>(<\/span>x<\/span> int<\/span>)<\/span> {<\/span>\r\n\tx<\/span> =<\/span> x<\/span> *<\/span> 2<\/span>\r\n}<\/span>\r\n\r\nfunc<\/span> DoublePoint<\/span>(<\/span>x<\/span> *<\/span>int<\/span>)<\/span> {<\/span>\r\n\t*<\/span>x<\/span> =<\/span> *<\/span>x<\/span> *<\/span> 2<\/span>\r\n}<\/span>\r\n\r\nfunc<\/span> main<\/span>()<\/span> {<\/span>\r\n    var<\/span> i<\/span> int<\/span> =<\/span> 100<\/span>\r\n    \/\/ i\u3068\u5f15\u6570\u3068\u3057\u3066\u6e21\u3055\u308c\u305fi\uff08\u95a2\u6570\u5185\u3067\u306fx\uff09\u306f\u5225\u7269\u306e\u3068\u3057\u3066\u6271\u308f\u308c\u308b<\/span>\r\n    \/\/ \u3053\u306e\u305f\u3081i\u306e\u5024\u306f\u5909\u66f4\u3055\u308c\u306a\u3044<\/span>\r\n    Double<\/span>(<\/span>i<\/span>)<\/span>\r\n    fmt<\/span>.<\/span>Println<\/span>(<\/span>i<\/span>)<\/span> \/\/ 100<\/span>\r\n    \r\n    \/\/ \u30dd\u30a4\u30f3\u30bf\u578b\u3092\u5f15\u6570\u306b\u6e21\u3059\u3053\u3068\u3067\u3001\u5024\u3092\u5171\u6709\u3059\u308b\u305f\u3081i\u306e\u5024\u3092\u5909\u66f4\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304c\u3067\u304d\u308b<\/span>\r\n    DoublePoint<\/span>(<\/span>&<\/span>i<\/span>)<\/span>\r\n    fmt<\/span>.<\/span>Println<\/span>(<\/span>i<\/span>)<\/span> \/\/ 200<\/span>\r\n}<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u7ed3\u6784\u4f53<\/h1>\n
\u5728\u4ed6\u7684\u8a00\u8bed\u4e2d\uff0c\u7c7b\u4f3c\u4e8e\u201cclass\u201d\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\u3002<\/p>\n
\/\/ \u69cb\u9020\u4f53<\/span>\r\ntype<\/span> User<\/span> struct<\/span> {<\/span>\r\n\tName<\/span> string<\/span>\r\n\tAge<\/span>\tint<\/span>\r\n}<\/span>\r\n\r\nfunc<\/span> main<\/span>()<\/span> {<\/span>\r\n    \/\/ \u69cb\u9020\u4f53\u306e\u5b9a\u7fa9<\/span>\r\n\tvar<\/span> user<\/span> User<\/span> =<\/span> User<\/span>{<\/span>Name<\/span>:<\/span> \"Taro\"<\/span>,<\/span> Age<\/span>:<\/span> 20<\/span>}<\/span>\r\n\tfmt<\/span>.<\/span>Println<\/span>(<\/span>user<\/span>)<\/span> \/\/ {Taro 20}<\/span>\r\n    \r\n    \/\/ \u66f8\u304d\u63db\u3048<\/span>\r\n    user<\/span>.<\/span>Name<\/span> =<\/span> \"Jiro\"<\/span>\r\n\tfmt<\/span>.<\/span>Println<\/span>(<\/span>user<\/span>)<\/span> \/\/ {Jiro 20}<\/span>\r\n}<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
struct \u65b9\u6cd5<\/h2>\n
\u4ed6\u7684\u8a00\u8fad\u4e2d\u985e\u4f3c\u65bcclass\u65b9\u6cd5\u7684\u6771\u897f<\/p>\n
type<\/span> User<\/span> struct<\/span> {<\/span>\r\n\tName<\/span> string<\/span>\r\n\tAge<\/span>\tint<\/span>\r\n}<\/span>\r\n\r\n\/\/ \u5b9a\u7fa9\u306ffunc\u306e\u5f8c\u306b\u4ee5\u4e0b\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306b\uff08\u5909\u6570\u540d \u30b9\u30c8\u30e9\u30af\u30c8\u540d\uff09\u3092\u8a18\u8f09\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068<\/span>\r\nfunc<\/span> (<\/span>u<\/span> *<\/span>User<\/span>)<\/span> UpdateName<\/span>(<\/span>name<\/span> string<\/span>)<\/span> {<\/span>\r\n\tu<\/span>.<\/span>Name<\/span> =<\/span> name<\/span>\r\n}<\/span>\r\n\r\nfunc<\/span> main<\/span>()<\/span> {<\/span>\r\n\tvar<\/span> user<\/span> User<\/span> =<\/span> User<\/span>{<\/span>Name<\/span>:<\/span> \"Taro\"<\/span>,<\/span> Age<\/span>:<\/span> 20<\/span>}<\/span>\r\n\tfmt<\/span>.<\/span>Println<\/span>(<\/span>user<\/span>)<\/span> \/\/ {Taro 20}<\/span>\r\n    \r\n    \/\/ user\u304b\u3089\u7e4b\u3052\u3066\u95a2\u6570\u3092\u5b9f\u884c\u3067\u304d\u308b<\/span>\r\n    \/\/ UpdateName\u95a2\u6570\u5185\u306eu\u306f\u3053\u306euser\u5909\u6570\u306e\u5024\u306b\u306a\u3063\u3066\u3044\u308b<\/span>\r\n\tuser<\/span>.<\/span>UpdateName<\/span>(<\/span>\"Saburo\"<\/span>)<\/span>\r\n\tfmt<\/span>.<\/span>Println<\/span>(<\/span>user<\/span>)<\/span> \/\/ {Saburo 20}<\/span>\r\n}<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u4f7f\u7528\u754c\u9762(interface)\u6765\u901a\u7528\u5316(different types)<\/h1>\n
\u63a5\u53e3\u7684\u4e00\u822c\u7528\u6cd5<\/p>\n
\u7531\u4e8e\u4e0b\u8ff0\u7684User\u548cAdmin\u5177\u6709\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u7c7b\u578b\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u65e0\u6cd5\u5c06\u5b83\u4eec\u5408\u5e76\u4e3a\u4e00\u8d77\u6267\u884c\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002
\n\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u4f7f\u7528\u63a5\u53e3\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5b9e\u73b0\u4ee5\u4e0b\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u3002<\/p>\n
\/\/ interface\u306e\u5b9a\u7fa9<\/span>\r\n\/\/ getName() string\u3092\u6301\u3064\u578b\u306fHasName\u578b\u3068\u3057\u3066\u6271\u3046\u3053\u3068\u304c\u3067\u304d\u308b<\/span>\r\ntype<\/span> HasName<\/span> interface<\/span> {<\/span>\r\n\tgetName<\/span>()<\/span> string<\/span>\r\n}<\/span>\r\n\r\ntype<\/span> User<\/span> struct<\/span> {<\/span>\r\n\tName<\/span> string<\/span>\r\n\tAge<\/span>  int<\/span>\r\n}<\/span>\r\n\r\nfunc<\/span> (<\/span>u<\/span> *<\/span>User<\/span>)<\/span> getName<\/span>()<\/span> string<\/span> {<\/span>\r\n\treturn<\/span> u<\/span>.<\/span>Name<\/span>\r\n}<\/span>\r\n\r\ntype<\/span> Admin<\/span> struct<\/span> {<\/span>\r\n\tName<\/span> string<\/span>\r\n\tRole<\/span> int<\/span>\r\n}<\/span>\r\n\r\nfunc<\/span> (<\/span>u<\/span> *<\/span>Admin<\/span>)<\/span> getName<\/span>()<\/span> string<\/span> {<\/span>\r\n\treturn<\/span> u<\/span>.<\/span>Name<\/span>\r\n}<\/span>\r\n\r\nfunc<\/span> main<\/span>()<\/span> {<\/span>\r\n    \/\/ User\u3068Admin\u306f\u672c\u6765\u7570\u306a\u308b\u578b\u3060\u304c\u3001\u4e21\u65b9\u3068\u3082getName() string\u30e1\u30bd\u30c3\u30c9\u3092\u6301\u3063\u3066\u3044\u308b<\/span>\r\n    \/\/ \u3053\u306e\u305f\u3081HasName\u30a4\u30f3\u30bf\u30fc\u30d5\u30a7\u30a4\u30b9\u3092\u7528\u3044\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3067\u540c\u3058\u578b\u3068\u3057\u3066\u6271\u3046\u3053\u3068\u304c\u3067\u304d\u308b<\/span>\r\n    vs<\/span> :=<\/span> []<\/span>HasName<\/span>{<\/span>\r\n        &<\/span>User<\/span>{<\/span>Name<\/span>:<\/span> \"Taro\"<\/span>,<\/span> Age<\/span>:<\/span> 20<\/span>},<\/span>\r\n        &<\/span>Admin<\/span>{<\/span>Name<\/span>:<\/span> \"Hanako\"<\/span>,<\/span> Role<\/span>:<\/span> 1<\/span>},<\/span>\r\n    }<\/span>\r\n    \r\n    for<\/span> _<\/span>,<\/span> v<\/span> :=<\/span> range<\/span> vs<\/span> {<\/span>\r\n        fmt<\/span>.<\/span>Println<\/span>(<\/span>v<\/span>.<\/span>getName<\/span>())<\/span>\r\n\t}<\/span>\r\n}<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u4ece\u5176\u4ed6\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528\u53d8\u91cf\u3001\u5e38\u91cf\u548c\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002<\/h1>\n
\u901a\u8fc7\u5c06\u540d\u79f0\u7684\u9996\u5b57\u6bcd\u6539\u4e3a\u5927\u5199\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4ece\u5176\u4ed6\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528\u3002
\n\u53cd\u4e4b\uff0c\u5c06\u540d\u79f0\u7684\u9996\u5b57\u6bcd\u6539\u4e3a\u5c0f\u5199\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06\u5176\u8bbe\u4e3a\u79c1\u6709\u3002<\/p>\n
var<\/span> PublicValue<\/span> int<\/span> \/\/ \u4ed6\u306e\u30d5\u30a1\u30a4\u30eb\u304b\u3089\u4f7f\u3048\u308b<\/span>\r\nvar<\/span> privateValue<\/span> int<\/span>\r\n\r\nfunc<\/span> PublicMethod<\/span>()<\/span> {<\/span> \/\/ \u4ed6\u306e\u30d5\u30a1\u30a4\u30eb\u304b\u3089\u4f7f\u3048\u308b<\/span>\r\n}<\/span>\r\n\r\nfunc<\/span> privateMethod<\/span>()<\/span> {<\/span>\r\n}<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u53c2\u8003\u6587\u732e<\/h1>\n
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