{"id":44006,"date":"2024-01-20T03:25:31","date_gmt":"2023-08-13T11:13:19","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.silicloud.com\/zh\/blog\/%e3%80%90go%e8%af%ad%e8%a8%80%e3%80%91-%e5%9f%ba%e7%a1%80\/"},"modified":"2024-05-04T19:11:08","modified_gmt":"2024-05-04T11:11:08","slug":"%e3%80%90go%e8%af%ad%e8%a8%80%e3%80%91-%e5%9f%ba%e7%a1%80","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.silicloud.com\/zh\/blog\/%e3%80%90go%e8%af%ad%e8%a8%80%e3%80%91-%e5%9f%ba%e7%a1%80\/","title":{"rendered":"\u3010Go\u8bed\u8a00\u3011 \u57fa\u7840"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u53d8\u91cf\u7684\u7701\u7565\u5b9a\u4e49<\/h2>\n
\/\/ \u578b\u306f\u81ea\u52d5\u3067\u63a8\u6e2c\u3055\u308c\u308b<\/span>\r\nname<\/span> :=<\/span> \"John\"<\/span>\r\n\r\n\/\/ \u4ee5\u4e0b\u3068\u540c\u3058<\/span>\r\nvar<\/span> name<\/span> string<\/span>\r\nname<\/span> =<\/span> \"John\"<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u5177\u6709\u540d\u79f0\u7684\u8fd4\u56de\u503c<\/h2>\n
\u901a\u8fc7\u5c06\u8fd4\u56de\u503c\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e3a\u53d8\u91cf\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4ec5\u901a\u8fc7return\u8bed\u53e5\u6765\u8fd4\u56de\u3002<\/p>\n
func<\/span> split<\/span>(<\/span>sum<\/span> int<\/span>)<\/span> (<\/span>x<\/span>,<\/span> y<\/span> int<\/span>)<\/span> {<\/span>\r\n\tx<\/span> =<\/span> sum<\/span> *<\/span> 4<\/span> \/<\/span> 9<\/span>\r\n\ty<\/span> =<\/span> sum<\/span> -<\/span> x<\/span>\r\n\treturn<\/span>\r\n}<\/span>\r\n\r\nfunc<\/span> main<\/span>()<\/span> {<\/span>\r\n\ta<\/span>,<\/span> b<\/span> :=<\/span> swap<\/span>(<\/span>10<\/span>,<\/span> 7<\/span>)<\/span>\r\n\tfmt<\/span>.<\/span>Println<\/span>(<\/span>a<\/span>,<\/span> b<\/span>)<\/span>\r\n}<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u63a8\u8fdf<\/h2>\n
\u5c06\u4f20\u9012\u7ed9defer\u7684\u51fd\u6570\u7684\u6267\u884c\u5ef6\u8fdf\u5230\u8c03\u7528\u8005\u51fd\u6570\u7ed3\u675f\uff08\u8fd4\u56de\uff09\u3002
\n\u5982\u679c\u6709\u591a\u4e2a\u4f20\u9012\u7ed9defer\u7684\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u5219\u8fd9\u4e9b\u8c03\u7528\u5c06\u4ee5\u5806\u6808\uff08stack\uff09\u65b9\u5f0f\u5b58\u50a8\u3002\u5f53\u8c03\u7528\u8005\u51fd\u6570\u8fd4\u56de\u65f6\uff0cdefer\u4f20\u9012\u7684\u51fd\u6570\u5c06\u6309\u7167LIFO\uff08\u540e\u8fdb\u5148\u51fa\uff09\u7684\u987a\u5e8f\u6267\u884c\u3002<\/p>\n
func<\/span> main<\/span>()<\/span> {<\/span>\r\n\tdefer<\/span> fmt<\/span>.<\/span>Println<\/span>(<\/span>\"world\"<\/span>)<\/span>\r\n\tfmt<\/span>.<\/span>Println<\/span>(<\/span>\"hello\"<\/span>)<\/span>\r\n}<\/span>\r\n\/\/ \u7d50\u679c<\/span>\r\n\/\/ hello<\/span>\r\n\/\/ world<\/span>\r\n\r\nfunc<\/span> main<\/span>()<\/span> {<\/span>\r\n\tfmt<\/span>.<\/span>Println<\/span>(<\/span>\"counting\"<\/span>)<\/span>\r\n\tfor<\/span> i<\/span> :=<\/span> 0<\/span>;<\/span> i<\/span> <<\/span> 10<\/span>;<\/span> i<\/span>++<\/span> {<\/span>\r\n\t\tdefer<\/span> fmt<\/span>.<\/span>Println<\/span>(<\/span>i<\/span>)<\/span>\r\n\t}<\/span>\r\n\tfmt<\/span>.<\/span>Println<\/span>(<\/span>\"done\"<\/span>)<\/span>\r\n}<\/span>\r\n\/\/ \u7d50\u679c<\/span>\r\n\/\/ counting<\/span>\r\n\/\/ done<\/span>\r\n\/\/ 9```<\/span>\r\n\/\/ 8<\/span>\r\n\/\/ .<\/span>\r\n\/\/ .<\/span>\r\n\/\/ 0<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u5207\u7247<\/h2>\n
\u5207\u7247\u7c7b\u4f3c\u4e8e\u5bf9\u6570\u7ec4\u7684\u5f15\u7528\u3002
\n\u5207\u7247\u4e0d\u5b58\u50a8\u4efb\u4f55\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u4ec5\u6307\u793a\u539f\u59cb\u6570\u7ec4\u7684\u5b50\u5e8f\u5217\u3002
\n\u5f53\u4fee\u6539\u5207\u7247\u7684\u5143\u7d20\u65f6\uff0c\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u539f\u59cb\u6570\u7ec4\u5143\u7d20\u4e5f\u4f1a\u88ab\u4fee\u6539\u3002
\n\u5171\u4eab\u540c\u4e00\u4e2a\u539f\u59cb\u6570\u7ec4\u7684\u5176\u4ed6\u5207\u7247\u5c06\u53cd\u6620\u8fd9\u4e9b\u66f4\u6539\u3002<\/p>\n
func<\/span> main<\/span>()<\/span> {<\/span>\r\n\tnames<\/span> :=<\/span> [<\/span>4<\/span>]<\/span>string<\/span>{<\/span>\r\n\t\t\"John\"<\/span>,<\/span>\r\n\t\t\"Paul\"<\/span>,<\/span>\r\n\t\t\"George\"<\/span>,<\/span>\r\n\t\t\"Ringo\"<\/span>,<\/span>\r\n\t}<\/span>\r\n\tfmt<\/span>.<\/span>Println<\/span>(<\/span>names<\/span>)<\/span>\r\n\r\n\ta<\/span> :=<\/span> names<\/span>[<\/span>0<\/span>:<\/span>2<\/span>]<\/span>\r\n\tb<\/span> :=<\/span> names<\/span>[<\/span>1<\/span>:<\/span>3<\/span>]<\/span>\r\n\tfmt<\/span>.<\/span>Println<\/span>(<\/span>a<\/span>,<\/span> b<\/span>)<\/span>\r\n\r\n\tb<\/span>[<\/span>0<\/span>]<\/span> =<\/span> \"XXX\"<\/span>\r\n\tfmt<\/span>.<\/span>Println<\/span>(<\/span>a<\/span>,<\/span> b<\/span>)<\/span>\r\n\tfmt<\/span>.<\/span>Println<\/span>(<\/span>names<\/span>)<\/span>\r\n}<\/span>\r\n\r\n\/\/ \u7d50\u679c<\/span>\r\n\/\/ [John Paul George Ringo]<\/span>\r\n\/\/ [John Paul] [Paul George]<\/span>\r\n\/\/ [John XXX] [XXX George]<\/span>\r\n\/\/ [John XXX George Ringo]<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\"\u30a4\u30e1\u30fc\u30b8\"<\/div>\n
s<\/span> =<\/span> []<\/span>int<\/span>{<\/span>10<\/span>,<\/span> 20<\/span>,<\/span> 30<\/span>,<\/span> 40<\/span>,<\/span> 50<\/span>,<\/span> 60<\/span>}<\/span>\r\n\/\/ start_index >= 2 \uff5e end_index < 4 \u307e\u3067\u306e\u8981\u7d20<\/span>\r\ns1<\/span> :=<\/span> s<\/span>[<\/span>1<\/span>:<\/span>4<\/span>]<\/span>  \/\/=> [20, ]<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u521b\u5efa\u51fd\u6570<\/h4>\n
\/\/ Make\u95a2\u6570<\/span>\r\n\/\/ \u7b2c1\u5f15\u6570:\u30b9\u30e9\u30a4\u30b9\u306e\u578b<\/span>\r\n\/\/ \u7b2c2\u5f15\u6570:\u30b9\u30e9\u30a4\u30b9\u306e\u9577\u3055<\/span>\r\n\/\/ \u7b2c3\u5f15\u6570:\u30b9\u30e9\u30a4\u30b9\u306e\u5bb9\u91cf<\/span>\r\n\r\n\/\/ \u9577\u30555 \u8981\u7d20int\u578b\u306e\u30b9\u30e9\u30a4\u30b9\u4f5c\u6210<\/span>\r\na<\/span> :=<\/span> make<\/span>([]<\/span>int<\/span>,<\/span> 5<\/span>)<\/span>\r\n==><\/span> [<\/span>0<\/span>,<\/span> 0<\/span>,<\/span> 0<\/span>,<\/span> 0<\/span>,<\/span> 0<\/span>]<\/span> \/\/\u7d50\u679c \u8981\u7d20\u306f\u5168\u3066\u30bc\u30ed\u5024\uff08int\u578b\u306e\u5834\u5408\u306f0\uff09\u3067\u521d\u671f\u5316\u3055\u308c\u308b<\/span>\r\n\r\n\/\/ \u9577\u30550 \u5bb9\u91cf5 \u8981\u7d20int\u578b\u306e\u30b9\u30e9\u30a4\u30b9\u4f5c\u6210<\/span>\r\n\/\/ \u5c06\u6765\u7684\u306b\u6700\u5927\u30675\u3064\u306e\u8981\u7d20\u3092\u683c\u7d0d\u3067\u304d\u308b<\/span>\r\nb<\/span> :=<\/span> make<\/span>([]<\/span>int<\/span>,<\/span> 0<\/span>,<\/span> 5<\/span>)<\/span>\r\n==><\/span> []<\/span> \/\/\u9577\u30550\u306a\u306e\u3067\u8981\u7d20\u306a\u3057<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u5faa\u73af<\/h2>\n
\u5f53\u4f7f\u7528range\u5728\u5207\u7247\u4e0a\u8fdb\u884c\u5faa\u73af\u65f6\uff0crange\u4f1a\u5728\u6bcf\u6b21\u8fed\u4ee3\u4e2d\u8fd4\u56de\u4e24\u4e2a\u53d8\u91cf\u3002\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u53d8\u91cf\u662f\u7d22\u5f15\uff08index\uff09\uff0c\u7b2c\u4e8c\u4e2a\u53d8\u91cf\u662f\u7d22\u5f15\u4f4d\u7f6e\u4e0a\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u526f\u672c\u3002<\/p>\n
func<\/span> main<\/span>()<\/span> {<\/span>\r\n\tfor<\/span> i<\/span>,<\/span> v<\/span> :=<\/span> range<\/span> pow<\/span> {<\/span>\r\n\t\tfmt<\/span>.<\/span>Printf<\/span>(<\/span>\"2**%d = %d<\/span>\\n<\/span>\"<\/span>,<\/span> i<\/span>,<\/span> v<\/span>)<\/span>\r\n\t}<\/span>\r\n}<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u5730\u56fe<\/h2>\n
\/\/ key:int value:\u6587\u5b57\u5217 \u3068\u3059\u308b\u30de\u30c3\u30d7\u3092\u4f5c\u6210<\/span>\r\ne<\/span> :=<\/span> make<\/span>(<\/span>map<\/span>[<\/span>int<\/span>]<\/span>string<\/span>)<\/span>\r\ne<\/span>[<\/span>1<\/span>]<\/span> =<\/span> \"1st\"<\/span>  \/\/ \u8ffd\u52a0<\/span>\r\ne<\/span>[<\/span>2<\/span>]<\/span> =<\/span> \"2nd\"<\/span>\r\ne<\/span>[<\/span>3<\/span>]<\/span> =<\/span> \"3rd\"<\/span>\r\nfmt<\/span>.<\/span>Println<\/span>(<\/span>e<\/span>)<\/span>\r\ndelete<\/span>(<\/span>e<\/span>,<\/span> 2<\/span>)<\/span>  \/\/ \u524a\u9664<\/span>\r\nfmt<\/span>.<\/span>Println<\/span>(<\/span>e<\/span>)<\/span>\r\n\r\n\/\/ \u5b58\u5728\u78ba\u8a8d<\/span>\r\nelem<\/span>,<\/span> ok<\/span> :=<\/span> e<\/span>[<\/span>1<\/span>]<\/span>\r\nfmt<\/span>.<\/span>Println<\/span>(<\/span>\"The value:\"<\/span>,<\/span> elem<\/span>,<\/span> \"Present?\"<\/span>,<\/span> ok<\/span>)<\/span>\r\n\r\n\/\/ \u7d50\u679c<\/span>\r\n\/\/ map[1:1st 2:2nd 3:3rd]<\/span>\r\n\/\/ map[1:1st 3:3rd]<\/span>\r\n\/\/ The value:  Present? false<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u95ed\u5305<\/h2>\n
\u95ed\u5305\u662f\u5f15\u7528\u5916\u90e8\u4f5c\u7528\u57df\u4e2d\u53d8\u91cf\uff0c\u5e76\u4fdd\u6301\u548c\u5229\u7528\u8be5\u53d8\u91cf\u7684\u51fd\u6570\u3002\u5728Golang\u4e2d\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u533f\u540d\u51fd\u6570\uff08\u51fd\u6570\u5b57\u9762\u91cf\uff09\u6765\u521b\u5efa\u95ed\u5305\u3002\u533f\u540d\u51fd\u6570\u4ee5 `func() …` \u7684\u5f62\u5f0f\u8868\u793a\uff0c\u5e76\u901a\u8fc7\u5c06\u5176\u4f5c\u4e3a\u51fd\u6570\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u8fd4\u56de\u503c\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\u95ed\u5305\u529f\u80fd\u3002<\/p>\n
package<\/span> main<\/span>\r\nimport<\/span> \"fmt\"<\/span>\r\n\r\n\/\/ \u30af\u30ed\u30fc\u30b8\u30e3\u3092\u8fd4\u3059\u95a2\u6570<\/span>\r\nfunc<\/span> counter<\/span>()<\/span> func<\/span>()<\/span> int<\/span> {<\/span>\r\n    count<\/span> :=<\/span> 0<\/span>\r\n    return<\/span> func<\/span>()<\/span> int<\/span> {<\/span>\r\n        count<\/span>++<\/span>\r\n        return<\/span> count<\/span>\r\n    }<\/span>\r\n}<\/span>\r\n\r\n\/\/ count\u5909\u6570\u306e\u5024\u3092\u53d6\u5f97\u3059\u308b\u95a2\u6570<\/span>\r\nfunc<\/span> getCount<\/span>()<\/span> int<\/span> {<\/span>\r\n    return<\/span> counter<\/span>()()<\/span>\r\n}<\/span>\r\n\r\nfunc<\/span> main<\/span>()<\/span> {<\/span>\r\n    increment<\/span> :=<\/span> counter<\/span>()<\/span>\r\n\r\n    fmt<\/span>.<\/span>Println<\/span>(<\/span>increment<\/span>())<\/span> \/\/ \u30af\u30ed\u30fc\u30b8\u30e3\u3092\u547c\u3073\u51fa\u3057\u3066 count\u306e\u5024\u3092\u66f4\u65b0\u30021\u304c\u51fa\u529b\u3055\u308c\u308b<\/span>\r\n    fmt<\/span>.<\/span>Println<\/span>(<\/span>increment<\/span>())<\/span> \/\/ \u30af\u30ed\u30fc\u30b8\u30e3\u3092\u547c\u3073\u51fa\u3057\u3066\u3001count\u306e\u5024\u3092\u66f4\u65b0\u30022\u304c\u51fa\u529b\u3055\u308c\u308b<\/span>\r\n\r\n    fmt<\/span>.<\/span>Println<\/span>(<\/span>getCount<\/span>())<\/span>  \/\/ count\u306e\u73fe\u5728\u306e\u5024\u3092\u53d6\u5f97\u3059\u308b\uff08\u30af\u30ed\u30fc\u30b8\u30e3\u306e\u518d\u751f\u6210\u306f\u3057\u306a\u3044\uff092\u304c\u51fa\u529b\u3055\u308c\u308b<\/span>\r\n}<\/span>\r\n\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u5728\u8fd9\u6bb5\u4ee3\u7801\u4e2d\uff0ccounter()\u51fd\u6570\u8fd4\u56de\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u95ed\u5305\u3002counter()\u51fd\u6570\u5185\u90e8\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2acount\u53d8\u91cf\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u8fd9\u4e2a\u53d8\u91cf\u88ab\u5305\u542b\u5728\u95ed\u5305\u4e2d\u3002\u95ed\u5305\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bbf\u95eecount\u53d8\u91cf\u5e76\u66f4\u65b0\u5176\u503c\u3002<\/p>\n
increment\u53d8\u91cf\u6301\u6709\u8c03\u7528counter()\u51fd\u6570\u5e76\u8fd4\u56de\u7ed3\u679c\u7684\u95ed\u5305\u3002\u6bcf\u6b21\u8c03\u7528\u95ed\u5305\u65f6\uff0ccount\u53d8\u91cf\u4f1a\u66f4\u65b0\u5e76\u8fd4\u56de\u65b0\u7684\u503c\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
\u53d8\u91cf\u7684\u7701\u7565\u5b9a\u4e49 \/\/ \u578b\u306f\u81ea\u52d5\u3067\u63a8\u6e2c\u3055\u308c\u308b name := “John” \/\/ \u4ee5\u4e0b\u3068\u540c\u3058 var name  […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":7,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-44006","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-uncategorized"],"yoast_head":"\n\u3010Go\u8bed\u8a00\u3011 \u57fa\u7840 - Blog - Silicon Cloud<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.silicloud.com\/zh\/blog\/\u3010go\u8bed\u8a00\u3011-\u57fa\u7840\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"zh_CN\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"\u3010Go\u8bed\u8a00\u3011 \u57fa\u7840\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"\u53d8\u91cf\u7684\u7701\u7565\u5b9a\u4e49 \/\/ \u578b\u306f\u81ea\u52d5\u3067\u63a8\u6e2c\u3055\u308c\u308b name := "John" \/\/ \u4ee5\u4e0b\u3068\u540c\u3058 var name […]\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/www.silicloud.com\/zh\/blog\/\u3010go\u8bed\u8a00\u3011-\u57fa\u7840\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Blog - 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