{"id":43645,"date":"2022-12-19T18:25:36","date_gmt":"2023-07-01T05:57:53","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.silicloud.com\/zh\/blog\/%e7%94%a8%e7%a4%ba%e4%be%8b%e5%ad%a6%e4%b9%a0%ef%bc%81%e5%88%a9%e7%94%a8promql%e7%81%b5%e6%b4%bb%e7%bb%98%e5%88%b6%e5%9b%be%e8%a1%a8%ef%bc%88prometheus-grafana%ef%bc%89\/"},"modified":"2025-07-30T03:11:59","modified_gmt":"2025-07-29T19:11:59","slug":"%e7%94%a8%e7%a4%ba%e4%be%8b%e5%ad%a6%e4%b9%a0%ef%bc%81%e5%88%a9%e7%94%a8promql%e7%81%b5%e6%b4%bb%e7%bb%98%e5%88%b6%e5%9b%be%e8%a1%a8%ef%bc%88prometheus-grafana%ef%bc%89","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.silicloud.com\/zh\/blog\/%e7%94%a8%e7%a4%ba%e4%be%8b%e5%ad%a6%e4%b9%a0%ef%bc%81%e5%88%a9%e7%94%a8promql%e7%81%b5%e6%b4%bb%e7%bb%98%e5%88%b6%e5%9b%be%e8%a1%a8%ef%bc%88prometheus-grafana%ef%bc%89\/","title":{"rendered":"\u7528\u793a\u4f8b\u5b66\u4e60\uff01\u5229\u7528PromQL\u7075\u6d3b\u7ed8\u5236\u56fe\u8868\uff08Prometheus + Grafana\uff09"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2>\u80cc\u666f &#8211;<br \/>\n\u80cc\u666f\u8bf4\u660e<\/h2>\n<p>\u5c3d\u7ba1\u4f7f\u7528Prometheus\u548cGrafana\u5f00\u59cb\u8fdb\u884c\u8d44\u6e90\u76d1\u63a7\u662f\u4e2a\u597d\u4e3b\u610f\uff0c\u4f46Grafana Labs\u4e0a\u7684\u4eea\u8868\u677f\u603b\u611f\u89c9\u4e0d\u592a\u5408\u9002\u3002\u800c\u4e14\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e2a\u4eea\u8868\u677f\u7684\u67e5\u8be2\u8bed\u53e5\u90fd\u7565\u6709\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u4e0d\u77e5\u9053\u54ea\u4e2a\u662f\u6b63\u786e\u7684\uff01<br \/>\n\u53ea\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u9009\u9879\uff1a<br \/>\n\u4f7f\u7528Prometheus\u548cGrafana\u5f00\u59cb\u8d44\u6e90\u76d1\u63a7\u540e\uff0c\u53d1\u73b0Grafana Labs\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u4eea\u8868\u677f\u4e0d\u592a\u7b26\u5408\u6211\u7684\u9700\u6c42\u3002\u800c\u4e14\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e2a\u4eea\u8868\u677f\u7684\u67e5\u8be2\u8bed\u53e5\u90fd\u4e0d\u592a\u76f8\u540c\uff0c\u8ba9\u6211\u4e0d\u77e5\u9053\u54ea\u4e2a\u624d\u662f\u6b63\u786e\u7684\uff01<\/p>\n<p>\u53ea\u8981\u81ea\u5df1\u597d\u597d\u5199\u67e5\u8be2\u8bed\u53e5\u5c1d\u8bd5\u4e00\u4e0b\uff01\u9274\u4e8e\u8fd9\u4e00\u70b9\uff0c\u6211\u5c06\u5199\u4e00\u4e0b\u3002\u5982\u679c\u638c\u63e1\u4e86\u8fd9\u91cc\u4ecb\u7ecd\u7684\u4e09\u79cd\u67e5\u8be2\u8bed\u53e5\uff0c\u57fa\u672c\u4e0a\u53ef\u4ee5\u5e94\u7528\u5230\u5404\u79cd\u573a\u666f\u4e2d\u3002<\/p>\n<h2>\u8bf7\u9605\u8bfb\u4ee5\u4e0a\u5185\u5bb9\u3002<\/h2>\n<p>\u867d\u7136\u662f\u57fa\u672c\u7684\u4e8b\u60c5\uff0c\u4f46\u5728Grafana\u7ed8\u5236\u56fe\u8868\u65f6\u6240\u8f93\u5165\u7684\u67e5\u8be2\u8bed\u53e5\u662fPrometheus\u7684PromQL\u3002\uff08\u8d77\u521d\u4ee5\u4e3a\u662fGrafana\u7684\u67e5\u8be2\u8bed\u6cd5&#8230;\uff09<\/p>\n<ul class=\"post-ul\">Querying basics | Prometheus<\/ul>\n<p>node-exporter\u7684\u6307\u6807\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u4f7f\u7528curl\u6253\u5f00\uff0c\u4f1a\u9644\u5e26\u5e2e\u52a9\u4fe1\u606f\u3002\u8fd8\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u6f14\u793a\u7f51\u7ad9\uff0c\u4f60\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u90a3\u91cc\u5c1d\u8bd5\u3002<\/p>\n<ul class=\"post-ul\">demo.robustperception.io:9100\/metrics<\/ul>\n<h2>Grafana\u6a21\u677f\u5316<\/h2>\n<p>\u4f7f\u7528Grafana\u7684\u6a21\u677f\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u5c06\u53d8\u91cf\u5d4c\u5165\u5230\u67e5\u8be2\u4e2d\u3002\u5728\u5b9a\u4e49\u4ee5\u4e0b\u53d8\u91cf\u7684\u524d\u63d0\u4e0b\u8fdb\u884c\u63cf\u8ff0\u3002<\/p>\n<div>\n<div class=\"post-table\">\u5909\u6570\u540d\u8aac\u660e\u30b5\u30f3\u30d7\u30eb\u5024<code>node<\/code>\u30af\u30a8\u30ea\u306e\u5bfe\u8c61\u3068\u3059\u308b\u30ce\u30fc\u30c9\u3002Prometheus\u304c\u81ea\u52d5\u7684\u306b\u4ed8\u3051\u308b<code>instance<\/code>\u30e9\u30d9\u30eb\u306b\u5bfe\u3057\u3066\u4f7f\u7528\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3092\u60f3\u5b9a<code>localhost:8080<\/code><code>interval<\/code>\u30af\u30a8\u30ea\u3067\u8868\u793a\u3059\u308b\u5024\u306e\u5358\u4f4d\u6642\u9593<code>5m<\/code><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<h2>CPU\u5229\u7528\u7387<\/h2>\n<div><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"post-images\" title=\"\" src=\"https:\/\/cdn.silicloud.com\/blog-img\/blog\/img\/657d53b937434c4406cd076e\/12-0.png\" alt=\"\u30b9\u30af\u30ea\u30fc\u30f3\u30b7\u30e7\u30c3\u30c8 2017-11-09 16.39.44.png\" \/><\/div>\n<h3>\u67e5\u8be2<\/h3>\n<pre class=\"post-pre\"><code>avg(irate(node_cpu{instance=\"$node\",mode!=\"idle\"}[$interval])) without(cpu)\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<h3>\u6458\u8981<\/h3>\n<p>\u663e\u793a\u6307\u5b9a\u5b9e\u4f8b($node)\u5728\u5355\u4f4d\u65f6\u95f4($interval)\u5185\u6bcf\u79d2\u7684CPU\u4f7f\u7528\u7387\u5e73\u5747\u503c\u3002\u53e6\u5916\uff0c\u5bf9\u4e8e\u7a7a\u95f2\u72b6\u6001\uff0c\u4e0d\u663e\u793a\u56e0\u4e3a\u5b83\u8868\u793a\u7a7a\u95f2\u3002<\/p>\n<h3>\u666e\u7f57\u7c73\u4fee\u65af\u7684\u539f\u59cb\u6570\u636e\u7247\u6bb5<\/h3>\n<pre class=\"post-pre\"><code># HELP node_cpu Seconds the cpus spent in each mode.\r\n# TYPE node_cpu counter\r\nnode_cpu{cpu=\"cpu0\",instance=\"docker104:9100\",job=\"node\",mode=\"iowait\"} 1.57\r\nnode_cpu{cpu=\"cpu0\",instance=\"docker104:9100\",job=\"node\",mode=\"system\"} 42.51\r\nnode_cpu{cpu=\"cpu0\",instance=\"docker104:9100\",job=\"node\",mode=\"user\"}   74.37\r\nnode_cpu{cpu=\"cpu1\",instance=\"docker104:9100\",job=\"node\",mode=\"iowait\"} 5.13\r\nnode_cpu{cpu=\"cpu1\",instance=\"docker104:9100\",job=\"node\",mode=\"system\"} 34.1\r\nnode_cpu{cpu=\"cpu1\",instance=\"docker104:9100\",job=\"node\",mode=\"user\"}   72.7\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5b9e\u4f8b\u7684\u6bcf\u4e2aCPU\u4e0a\u7684CPU\u4f7f\u7528\u65f6\u95f4\uff08\u4ee5\u79d2\u4e3a\u5355\u4f4d\uff09\u4ee5mode\u4e3a\u5355\u4f4d\u5b58\u50a8\u5728node_cpu\u5ea6\u91cf\u4e2d\u3002<\/p>\n<h3>\u67e5\u8be2\u89e3\u91ca<\/h3>\n<ol>\n<li style=\"list-style-type: none;\">\n<ol>\u9700\u8981\u7684\u6570\u636e\u662f\u6307\u5b9a\u5b9e\u4f8b\u7684mode\u4e0d\u4e3aidle\u7684CPU\u4f7f\u7528\u65f6\u95f4\u7684\u6700\u8fd1$interval\u5206\u949f\u7684\u6570\u636e\u3002<\/ol>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>node_cpu{instance=&#8221;$node&#8221;, mode!=&#8221;idle&#8221;}[$interval]<\/p>\n<p>\u6b64\u65f6\uff0c\u5c06\u8fd4\u56demode\u6570\u91cf\u4e58\u4ee5CPU\u6838\u5fc3\u6570\u7684\u8bb0\u5f55\uff0c\u5e76\u5c06\u6570\u636e\u4f5c\u4e3a\u6570\u7ec4\u5b58\u50a8\u4e3a$interval\u5206\u949f\u7684\u6570\u636e\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5c06\u8fd4\u56de\u7684\u6570\u636e\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3a\u6bcf\u79d2\u7684\u5e73\u5747\u589e\u957f\u503c\u3002<\/p>\n<p>irate()<\/p>\n<p>\u6b64\u65f6\uff0c\u5c06\u8fd4\u56demode\u6570\u91cf\u4e58\u4ee5CPU\u6838\u5fc3\u6570\u7684\u8bb0\u5f55\uff0c\u5e76\u5c06value\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3a\u6bcf\u79d2\u7684\u5e73\u5747\u589e\u957f\u503c\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u8ba1\u7b97\u6240\u6709CPU\u7684\u5e73\u5747\u503c\u3002<\/p>\n<p>avg() without(cpu)<\/p>\n<p>\u65e0\u9700\u8ba1\u7b97\u7684\u6807\u7b7e\u5728without\u5b50\u53e5\u4e2d\u6307\u5b9a\u3002\u8fd9\u6b21\u7684\u6807\u7b7e\u662fcpu\u3001instance\u3001job\u548cmode\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u5ffd\u7565cpu\uff0c\u5e76\u8ba1\u7b97\u6bcf\u4e2a\u6a21\u5f0f\u7684\u5e73\u5747\u503c\u3002\u6700\u7ec8\u5c06\u5f97\u5230\u6240\u6709cpu\u7684\u5e73\u5747\u503c\u3002<\/p>\n<h3>\u5e73\u5747\u503c<\/h3>\n<p>avg\u7b97\u5b50\u8fd4\u56de\u6bcf\u4e2a\u8bb0\u5f55\u5b58\u50a8\u7684\u6807\u91cf\u503c\u7684\u5e73\u5747\u503c\u3002\u5982\u679c\u8bb0\u5f55\u7684value\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u6570\u7ec4\uff08\u8303\u56f4\u5411\u91cf\uff09\uff0c\u5219\u4e0d\u80fd\u5e94\u7528\u8be5\u7b97\u5b50\u3002<\/p>\n<h3>rate()\u548cirate()<\/h3>\n<p>rate()\u548cirate()\u51fd\u6570\u90fd\u7528\u4e8e\u8ba1\u7b97\u5728\u4e00\u5b9a\u65f6\u95f4\u8303\u56f4\u5185\u83b7\u53d6\u7684\u6570\u636e\u6bcf\u79d2\u5e73\u5747\u589e\u52a0\u4e86\u591a\u5c11\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u53ea\u9700\u4e00\u79cd\u9009\u9879\uff0c\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u4e2d\u6587\u672c\u5730\u5316\u7684\u91ca\u4e49\uff1a<\/p>\n<p>\u9274\u4e8e\u589e\u91cf\uff0c\u53ea\u6709\u4fdd\u7559\u67d0\u79cd\u5408\u8ba1\u503c\u7684\u6307\u6807\uff0c\u8bf8\u5982node_cpu\u6216http_requests_total\u7b49\uff0c\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u6b64\u51fd\u6570\u3002<\/p>\n<blockquote><p>rate\uff08v range-vector\uff09\u8ba1\u7b97\u8303\u56f4\u5411\u91cf\u4e2d\u65f6\u95f4\u5e8f\u5217\u7684\u6bcf\u79d2\u5e73\u5747\u589e\u957f\u7387\u3002<br \/>\nirate\uff08v range-vector\uff09\u8ba1\u7b97\u8303\u56f4\u5411\u91cf\u4e2d\u65f6\u95f4\u5e8f\u5217\u7684\u6bcf\u79d2\u77ac\u65f6\u589e\u957f\u7387\u3002<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p>\u67e5\u8be2\u529f\u80fd | Prometheus<\/p>\n<h3>\u6ca1\u6709\u548c\u901a\u8fc7<\/h3>\n<p>\u5982\u4e0a\u6240\u8ff0\uff0cwithout\u5b50\u53e5\u4f1a\u5ffd\u7565\u6307\u5b9a\u7684\u6807\u7b7e\u5e76\u5e94\u7528\u805a\u5408\u51fd\u6570\u3002\u5b9e\u9645\u6267\u884cwithout(cpu)\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u539f\u59cb\u6570\u636e\u5c06\u53d8\u4e3a\u4ee5\u4e0b\u72b6\u6001\uff0c\u5373\u7f3a\u5c11cpu\u6807\u7b7e\u3002<\/p>\n<pre class=\"post-pre\"><code>{instance=\"docker104:9100\",job=\"node\",mode=\"user\"}  0.0005000000000002558\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u53cd\u8fc7\u6765\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u201cby\u201d\u8bed\u53e5\uff0c\u5373\u5ffd\u7565\u5176\u4ed6\u6807\u7b7e\uff0c\u4ec5\u9488\u5bf9\u6307\u5b9a\u7684\u6807\u7b7e\u5e94\u7528\u805a\u5408\u51fd\u6570\u3002\u6267\u884c\u201cby(mode)\u201d\u4f1a\u4f7f\u9664mode\u4e4b\u5916\u7684\u6240\u6709\u6807\u7b7e\u90fd\u6d88\u5931\u3002<\/p>\n<pre class=\"post-pre\"><code>{mode=\"user\"}   0.0005000000000002558\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u8fd9\u6b21\u67094\u4e2a\u6807\u7b7e\uff0c\u5b9e\u4f8b\u548c\u4f5c\u4e1a\u6807\u7b7e\u662f\u56fa\u5b9a\u7684\u3002\u6362\u53e5\u8bdd\u8bf4\uff0c\u53ea\u901a\u8fc7\u67e5\u770b\u8fd4\u56de\u7684\u8bb0\u5f55\u4e2d\u7684\u503c\uff0c\u65e0CPU\u548c\u6309\u6a21\u5f0f\u5206\u7c7b\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u5c06\u662f\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n<h2>CPU\u6838\u5fc3\u6570\u91cf<\/h2>\n<div><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"post-images\" title=\"\" src=\"https:\/\/cdn.silicloud.com\/blog-img\/blog\/img\/657d53b937434c4406cd076e\/36-0.png\" alt=\"\u30b9\u30af\u30ea\u30fc\u30f3\u30b7\u30e7\u30c3\u30c8 2017-11-09 16.38.52.png\" \/><\/div>\n<p>\u4ee5\u4e0b\u7684\u67e5\u8be2\u90fd\u4f1a\u8fd4\u56de\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u503c\u3002<\/p>\n<pre class=\"post-pre\"><code>count(count (node_cpu{instance=\"$node\"}) by(cpu))\r\ncount(node_cpu{instance=\"$node\", mode=\"system\"})\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<h3>\u7b80\u8981\u6897\u6982<\/h3>\n<p>\u6ca1\u6709\u76f4\u63a5\u8fd4\u56deCPU\u6838\u5fc3\u6570\u7684\u6307\u6807\u3002node_cpu\u6307\u6807\u6309\u7167\u6bcf\u4e2aCPU\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\u7387\u8fd4\u56de\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5229\u7528\u5b83\u6765\u8ba1\u7b97\u3002<\/p>\n<h3>\u67e5\u8be2\u89e3\u91ca<\/h3>\n<pre class=\"post-pre\"><code>count(count (node_cpu{instance=\"$node\"}) by(cpu))\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<ol>\n<li style=\"list-style-type: none;\">\n<ol>\u83b7\u53d6\u6307\u5b9a\u5b9e\u4f8b\u7684\u6700\u8fd1\u7684node_cpu\u6307\u6807\u3002<\/ol>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li style=\"list-style-type: none;\">\n<ol>node_cpu{instance=&#8221;$node&#8221;}\u3002<\/ol>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li style=\"list-style-type: none;\">\n<ol>\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u65f6\u95f4\u70b9\u4e0a\uff0c\u5c06\u8fd4\u56de\u6a21\u5f0f\u6570 x CPU\u6838\u5fc3\u6570\u7684\u8bb0\u5f55\uff0c\u5e76\u5c06\u6700\u8fd1\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5b58\u50a8\u4e3a\u6807\u91cf\u503c\u3002<\/ol>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li style=\"list-style-type: none;\">\n<ol>\u6309CPU\u8ba1\u7b97\u6307\u6807\u7684\u6570\u91cf\u3002<\/ol>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li style=\"list-style-type: none;\">\n<ol>count() by(cpu)\u3002<\/ol>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li style=\"list-style-type: none;\">\n<ol>\u5728\u8fd9\u4e00\u70b9\u4e0a\uff0c\u5c06\u6309\u6bcf\u4e2aCPU\u8fd4\u56desystem\uff0cuser\u7b49CPU\u4f7f\u7528\u7387\u6570\u636e\u7684\u6570\u91cf\u3002\u7531\u4e8e\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6570\u91cf\u4e0d\u662f\u76ee\u6807\u503c\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u5c06\u5176\u5ffd\u7565\u3002<\/ol>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li style=\"list-style-type: none;\">\n<ol>\u8ba1\u7b97CPU\u7684\u6570\u91cf\u3002<\/ol>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ol>count()\u3002<\/ol>\n<pre class=\"post-pre\"><code>count(node_cpu{instance=\"$node\", mode=\"system\"})\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<ol>\n<li style=\"list-style-type: none;\">\n<ol>\u83b7\u53d6\u6307\u5b9a\u5b9e\u4f8b\u7684mode=&#8221;system&#8221;\u7684\u6307\u6807<\/ol>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li style=\"list-style-type: none;\">\n<ol>node_cpu{instance=&#8221;$node&#8221;, mode=&#8221;system&#8221;}<\/ol>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li style=\"list-style-type: none;\">\n<ol>\u6b64\u65f6\uff0c\u4f1a\u8fd4\u56de\u6bcf\u4e2aCPU\u6838\u5fc3\u7684system\u4f7f\u7528\u7387<\/ol>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li style=\"list-style-type: none;\">\n<ol>\u6570CPU\u7684\u6570\u91cf<\/ol>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ol>count()<\/ol>\n<h2>\u53ef\u7528\u5185\u5b58<\/h2>\n<div><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"post-images\" title=\"\" src=\"https:\/\/cdn.silicloud.com\/blog-img\/blog\/img\/657d53b937434c4406cd076e\/47-0.png\" alt=\"\u30b9\u30af\u30ea\u30fc\u30f3\u30b7\u30e7\u30c3\u30c8 2017-11-09 16.39.59.png\" \/><\/div>\n<pre class=\"post-pre\"><code>( avg_over_time(node_memory_MemFree{instance=~\"$node\"}[$interval])\r\n  + avg_over_time(node_memory_Buffers{instance=~\"$node\"}[$interval])\r\n  + avg_over_time(node_memory_Cached{instance=~\"$node\"}[$interval])\r\n) \/ node_memory_MemTotal{instance=~\"$node\"} * 100\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<h3>\u6982\u8ff0<\/h3>\n<p>\u5982\u679c\u60a8\u6240\u4f7f\u7528\u7684Linux\u5185\u6838\u7248\u672c\u57283.14\u53ca\u4ee5\u4e0a\uff0c\u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528node_memory_MemAvailable\u6307\u6807\u6765\u68c0\u67e5\u53ef\u7528\u5185\u5b58\u91cf\u3002\u4f46\u9700\u8981\u8003\u8651\u5230\u53ef\u80fd\u5b58\u5728\u4e00\u4e9b\u4e0d\u7b26\u5408\u8be5\u6761\u4ef6\u7684\u4e3b\u673a\u3002<\/p>\n<h3>\u89e3\u91ca\u67e5\u8be2<\/h3>\n<p>\u7531\u4e8e\u91cd\u590d\u7684\u539f\u56e0\uff0c\u53ea\u89e3\u91ca\u4ee5\u4e0b\u90e8\u5206\u3002<\/p>\n<pre class=\"post-pre\"><code>avg_over_time(node_memory_MemFree{instance=~\"$node\"}[$interval])\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<ol>\n<li style=\"list-style-type: none;\">\n<ol>\u83b7\u53d6\u6307\u5b9a\u5b9e\u4f8b\u5728\u6700\u8fd1\u7684$interval\u5206\u949f\u5185\u7684node_memory_MemFree\u6307\u6807<\/ol>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>node_memory_MemFree{instance=~&#8221;$node&#8221;}[$interval]<br \/>\n\u5728\u6b64\u65f6\u523b\uff0c\u5c06\u8fd4\u56de\u4e00\u4e2a\u8bb0\u5f55\uff0c\u5176\u4e2dvalue\u6570\u7ec4\u4e2d\u5305\u542b\u4e86$interval\u5206\u949f\u7684\u6240\u6709\u6570\u636e<\/p>\n<p>\u83b7\u53d6\u83b7\u53d6\u5230\u7684value\u7684\u5e73\u5747\u503c<\/p>\n<p>avg_over_time()<\/p>\n<h3>\u5e73\u5747\u503c\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u5185 ()<\/h3>\n<p>\u5982\u679c\u60a8\u60f3\u8981\u83b7\u53d6\u5728\u67d0\u4e2a\u65f6\u95f4\u8303\u56f4\u5185\u83b7\u53d6\u7684\u6570\u636e\u4e2d\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e2a\u6570\u636e\u7684\u5e73\u5747\u503c\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528avg_over_time()\u51fd\u6570\u3002\u4e0a\u8ff0\u7684rate()\u51fd\u6570\u7cfb\u5217\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u51fa\u73b0\u5f88\u591a\u793a\u4f8b\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u8ba9\u4eba\u96be\u4ee5\u7406\u89e3\uff0c\u4f46\u8fd9\u4e2a\u51fd\u6570\u53ef\u4ee5\u7b80\u5355\u5730\u8ba1\u7b97\u51fa\u65f6\u95f4\u8303\u56f4\u7684\u5e73\u5747\u503c\u3002<\/p>\n<h2>\u6982\u62ec\u8d77\u6765<\/h2>\n<p>\u5728Prometheus\u7684\u6307\u6807\u4e2d\uff0c\u5b58\u5728\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u6570\u636e\u7c7b\u578b\uff0c\u5373\u4f7f\u6211\u4eec\u8bf4\u201c\u5e73\u5747\u201d\uff0c\u8ba1\u7b97\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e5f\u6709\u5f88\u591a\u79cd\u3002\u53e6\u5916\uff0c\u6307\u6807\u65e2\u53ef\u4ee5\u8868\u793a\u5f53\u524d\u503c\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u8868\u793a\u603b\u8ba1\u503c\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u53ea\u8981\u7406\u89e3\u8fd9\u4e9b\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u8f7b\u677e\u5730\u7f16\u5199\u4ee3\u7801\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u80cc\u666f &#8211; \u80cc\u666f\u8bf4\u660e \u5c3d\u7ba1\u4f7f\u7528Prometheus\u548cGrafana\u5f00\u59cb\u8fdb\u884c\u8d44\u6e90\u76d1\u63a7\u662f\u4e2a\u597d\u4e3b\u610f\uff0c\u4f46Gr [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":12,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[41,108,42,12,109,85,34,11,40,107],"class_list":["post-43645","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-uncategorized","tag-charting","tag-cpu-utilization","tag-data-visualization","tag-grafana","tag-memory-monitoring","tag-metrics-analysis","tag-monitoring","tag-prometheus","tag-promql","tag-queries"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v21.5 (Yoast SEO v21.5) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>PromQL Tutorial: Master Flexible Charting with Prometheus &amp; Grafana - Complete Guide<\/title>\n<meta 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