{"id":43602,"date":"2023-09-15T07:05:33","date_gmt":"2024-01-17T13:52:05","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.silicloud.com\/zh\/blog\/%e6%88%91%e7%94%a8grafana%e5%88%b6%e4%bd%9c%e4%ba%86%e4%b8%80%e4%b8%aa%e5%85%b3%e4%ba%8e%e4%b8%9c%e4%ba%ac%e5%92%8c%e5%a4%a7%e9%98%aa%e6%96%b0%e5%86%a0%e7%97%85%e6%af%92%e6%af%8f%e6%97%a5%e6%96%b0\/"},"modified":"2024-05-03T23:50:51","modified_gmt":"2024-05-03T15:50:51","slug":"%e6%88%91%e7%94%a8grafana%e5%88%b6%e4%bd%9c%e4%ba%86%e4%b8%80%e4%b8%aa%e5%85%b3%e4%ba%8e%e4%b8%9c%e4%ba%ac%e5%92%8c%e5%a4%a7%e9%98%aa%e6%96%b0%e5%86%a0%e7%97%85%e6%af%92%e6%af%8f%e6%97%a5%e6%96%b0","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.silicloud.com\/zh\/blog\/%e6%88%91%e7%94%a8grafana%e5%88%b6%e4%bd%9c%e4%ba%86%e4%b8%80%e4%b8%aa%e5%85%b3%e4%ba%8e%e4%b8%9c%e4%ba%ac%e5%92%8c%e5%a4%a7%e9%98%aa%e6%96%b0%e5%86%a0%e7%97%85%e6%af%92%e6%af%8f%e6%97%a5%e6%96%b0\/","title":{"rendered":"\u6211\u7528Grafana\u5236\u4f5c\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u5173\u4e8e\u4e1c\u4eac\u548c\u5927\u962a\u65b0\u51a0\u75c5\u6bd2\u6bcf\u65e5\u65b0\u589e\u611f\u67d3\u8005\u6570\u91cf\u7684\u56fe\u8868"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u4e0d\uff0c\u4e0eCovid-19\u51e0\u4e4e\u65e0\u5173\u3002\u8fd9\u662f\u5173\u4e8e\u6211\u63a2\u7d22\u7528\u81ea\u5df1\u7f16\u5199\u7684\u811a\u672c\u4f5c\u4e3a\u6570\u636e\u6e90\u6765\u66ff\u4ee3Prometheus\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u6b3a\u9a97Grafana\u7684\u7b14\u8bb0\u3002<\/p>\n

\u505a\u8fc7\u7684\u4e8b\u60c5<\/h1>\n

\u6211\u4f7f\u7528Python\/Flask\u521b\u5efa\u7684\u7b80\u6613Web\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u88ab\u6307\u5b9a\u4e3aGrafana\u7684\u6570\u636e\u6e90\u3002
\n\u8be5Web\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u626e\u6f14\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u4f2a\u9020\u7684Prometheus\u89d2\u8272\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5982\u679c\u6570\u636e\u6e90\u662fPrometheus\u7684\u8bdd\uff0cGrafana\u4f1a\u5411Web\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u53d1\u9001\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u7c7b\u4f3c\u4ee5\u4e0b\u7684\u8bf7\u6c42\uff0c\u53ea\u8981\u5bf9\u6bcf\u4e2a\u8bf7\u6c42\u505a\u51fa\u5408\u9002\u7684\u54cd\u5e94\uff0c\u5b83\u5c31\u4f1a\u7ed8\u5236\u76f8\u5e94\u7684\u56fe\u5f62\u3002<\/p>\n

127.0.0.1 - - [28\/Sep\/2021 16:36:42] \"POST \/api\/v1\/query HTTP\/1.1\" 200 -\r\n127.0.0.1 - - [28\/Sep\/2021 16:36:52] \"POST \/api\/v1\/labels HTTP\/1.1\" 200 -\r\n127.0.0.1 - - [28\/Sep\/2021 16:36:52] \"GET \/api\/v1\/label\/__name__\/values?start=1632825412&end=1632847012 HTTP\/1.1\" 200 -\r\n127.0.0.1 - - [28\/Sep\/2021 16:36:52] \"GET \/api\/v1\/metadata HTTP\/1.1\" 200 -\r\n127.0.0.1 - - [28\/Sep\/2021 16:36:53] \"POST \/api\/v1\/labels HTTP\/1.1\" 200 -\r\n127.0.0.1 - - [28\/Sep\/2021 16:36:53] \"GET \/api\/v1\/label\/__name__\/values?start=1632825413&end=1632847013 HTTP\/1.1\" 200 -\r\n127.0.0.1 - - [28\/Sep\/2021 16:36:53] \"GET \/api\/v1\/metadata HTTP\/1.1\" 200 -\r\n127.0.0.1 - - [28\/Sep\/2021 16:36:53] \"GET \/api\/v1\/label\/__name__\/values?start=1632825413&end=1632847013 HTTP\/1.1\" 200 -\r\n127.0.0.1 - - [28\/Sep\/2021 16:36:55] \"POST \/api\/v1\/series HTTP\/1.1\" 200 -\r\n127.0.0.1 - - [28\/Sep\/2021 16:37:10] \"POST \/api\/v1\/labels HTTP\/1.1\" 200 -\r\n127.0.0.1 - - [28\/Sep\/2021 16:37:10] \"POST \/api\/v1\/query_exemplars HTTP\/1.1\" 200 -\r\n127.0.0.1 - - [28\/Sep\/2021 16:37:10] \"GET \/api\/v1\/label\/__name__\/values?start=1632825430&end=1632847030 HTTP\/1.1\" 200 -\r\n127.0.0.1 - - [28\/Sep\/2021 16:37:10] \"GET \/api\/v1\/metadata HTTP\/1.1\" 200 -\r\n127.0.0.1 - - [28\/Sep\/2021 16:37:19] \"POST \/api\/v1\/query_range HTTP\/1.1\" 200 -\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\"image.png\"<\/div>\n
\u5236\u4f5c\u65b9\u6cd5<\/h1>\n
\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2aUbuntu 20\u7684\u865a\u62df\u673a<\/h2>\n
\"image.png\"<\/div>\n
2. \u5b89\u88c5 Grafana<\/h2>\n
\u901a\u8fc7SSH\u8fde\u63a5\u5e76\u6267\u884c\u4ee5\u4e0b\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002
\n\uff08\u53c2\u8003\uff09Grafana – \u5728Debian\u6216Ubuntu\u4e0a\u5b89\u88c5
\nhttps:\/\/grafana.com\/docs\/grafana\/latest\/installation\/debian\/<\/p>\n
$ sudo apt-get install -y apt-transport-https\r\n$ sudo apt-get install -y software-properties-common wget\r\n$ wget -q -O - https:\/\/packages.grafana.com\/gpg.key | sudo apt-key add -\r\n$ echo \"deb https:\/\/packages.grafana.com\/oss\/deb stable main\" | sudo tee -a \/etc\/apt\/sources.list.d\/grafana.list\r\n$ sudo apt-get update\r\n$ sudo apt-get install -y grafana\r\n$ sudo systemctl daemon-reload\r\n$ sudo systemctl start grafana-server\r\n$ sudo systemctl enable grafana-server.service\r\n$ sudo systemctl status grafana-server\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\"image.png\"<\/div>\n
\u5b89\u88c5Python\/Flask<\/h2>\n
$ sudo apt install -y python3-flask\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u5236\u4f5c\u4e00\u4e2a\u201c\u5047\u5192\u7684\u666e\u7f57\u7c73\u4fee\u65af\u201d\u3002<\/h2>\n
\u8bf7\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u540d\u4e3apseudo.py\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u3002\u76ee\u5f55\u4f4d\u7f6e\u548c\u7528\u6237\u90fd\u53ef\u4ee5\u968f\u610f\u9009\u62e9\uff0c\u4e0d\u5fc5\u4e3aroot\u3002
\n\u53e6\u5916\uff0c\u5173\u4e8ePrometheus\u7684\u5404\u4e2aAPI\u8fd4\u56de\u7684\u6570\u636e\u7c7b\u578b\u53ef\u4ee5\u53c2\u8003\u4ee5\u4e0b\u94fe\u63a5\uff1a
\n\uff08\u53c2\u8003\uff09Proetheus – HTTP API
\nhttps:\/\/prometheus.io\/docs\/prometheus\/latest\/querying\/api\/<\/p>\n
\u53ea\u9700\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e00\u4e2a\u9009\u9879\uff1a<\/p>\n
\u867d\u7136\u8df3\u8fc7\u4e86\u5bf9\u5404\u4e2aAPI\u8fd4\u56de\u7c7b\u4f3c\u54cd\u5e94\u7684\u90e8\u5206\u7684\u89e3\u91ca\uff0c\u4f46\u662f’\/api\/v1\/query_range’\u63a5\u53e3\u4e2d\u751f\u6210\u6570\u636e\u7684\u5904\u7406\u5927\u81f4\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<\/p>\n
\u83b7\u53d6\u4e1c\u4eac\u7684\u611f\u67d3\u8005\u6570\u5217\u8868\uff08CSV\u6587\u4ef6\uff09\u3002
\nhttps:\/\/catalog.data.metro.tokyo.lg.jp\/dataset\/t000010d0000000068\/resource\/c2d997db-1450-43fa-8037-ebb11ec28d4c
\n\u5c06CSV\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u7b2c\u4e94\u5217\u4f5c\u4e3a\u65e5\u671f\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e2a\u65b0\u9633\u6027\u60a3\u8005\u5bf9\u5e94\u4e00\u6761\u8bb0\u5f55\uff0c\u7edf\u8ba1\u540c\u4e00\u65e5\u671f\u7684\u8bb0\u5f55\u6570\u91cf\u3002
\n\u5c06\u7edf\u8ba1\u6570\u636e\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3a\u6570\u7ec4\u5f62\u5f0f\uff0c\u5e76\u4f7f\u5176\u9002\u5e94Grafana\u7684\u683c\u5f0f\u3002<\/p>\n
\u53d6\u5f97\u5927\u962a\u7684\u611f\u67d3\u8005\u5217\u8868\uff08CSV\u6587\u4ef6\uff09\u3002\u7531\u4e8e\u5b57\u7b26\u7f16\u7801\u662fsjis\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u5c06\u5176\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3autf-8\u3002
\nhttps:\/\/covid19-osaka.info\/
\n\u7531\u4e8e\u6b64\u6570\u636e\u5df2\u9884\u5148\u6309\u65e5\u671f\u6c47\u603b\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u5c06\u7b2c\u4e00\u5217\u89c6\u4e3a\u65e5\u671f\uff0c\u7b2c\u4e09\u5217\u89c6\u4e3a\u65b0\u589e\u9633\u6027\u4eba\u6570\uff0c\u5e76\u5c06\u5176\u8bfb\u5165\u6570\u7ec4\u4e2d\u3002<\/p>\n
from<\/span> flask<\/span> import<\/span> Flask<\/span>\r\nfrom<\/span> flask<\/span> import<\/span> request<\/span>\r\napp<\/span> =<\/span> Flask<\/span>(<\/span>__name__<\/span>)<\/span>\r\n\r\n@<\/span>app<\/span>.<\/span>route<\/span>(<\/span>'\/api\/v1\/query'<\/span>,<\/span> methods<\/span>=<\/span>[<\/span>\"POST\"<\/span>])<\/span>\r\ndef<\/span> query<\/span>():<\/span>\r\n    return<\/span> \"{}\"<\/span>\r\n\r\n@<\/span>app<\/span>.<\/span>route<\/span>(<\/span>'\/api\/v1\/labels'<\/span>,<\/span> methods<\/span>=<\/span>[<\/span>\"POST\"<\/span>])<\/span>\r\ndef<\/span> labels<\/span>():<\/span>\r\n    return<\/span> '''\r\n{\r\n    \"status\": \"success\",\r\n    \"data\": [\r\n        \"__name__\",\r\n        \"region\"\r\n    ]\r\n}\r\n'''<\/span>\r\n\r\n@<\/span>app<\/span>.<\/span>route<\/span>(<\/span>'\/api\/v1\/label\/__name__\/values'<\/span>)<\/span>\r\ndef<\/span> label__name__values<\/span>():<\/span>\r\n    return<\/span> '''\r\n{\r\n    \"status\": \"success\",\r\n    \"data\": [\r\n        \"new-cases\"\r\n    ]\r\n}\r\n'''<\/span>\r\n\r\n@<\/span>app<\/span>.<\/span>route<\/span>(<\/span>'\/api\/v1\/label\/region\/values'<\/span>)<\/span>\r\ndef<\/span> label_region_values<\/span>():<\/span>\r\n    return<\/span> '''\r\n{\r\n    \"status\": \"success\",\r\n    \"data\": [\r\n        \"tokyo\", \"osaka\"\r\n    ]\r\n}\r\n'''<\/span>\r\n\r\n@<\/span>app<\/span>.<\/span>route<\/span>(<\/span>'\/api\/v1\/metadata'<\/span>)<\/span>\r\ndef<\/span> metadata<\/span>():<\/span>\r\n    return<\/span> '''\r\n{\r\n    \"status\": \"success\",\r\n    \"data\": [\r\n        \"new-cases\": [\r\n            {\r\n                \"type\": \"counter\",\r\n                \"help\": \"Number of new cases\",\r\n                \"unit\": \"\"\r\n            }\r\n        ]\r\n    ]\r\n}\r\n'''<\/span>\r\n\r\n@<\/span>app<\/span>.<\/span>route<\/span>(<\/span>'\/api\/v1\/series'<\/span>,<\/span> methods<\/span>=<\/span>[<\/span>\"POST\"<\/span>])<\/span>\r\ndef<\/span> series<\/span>():<\/span>\r\n    return<\/span> '''\r\n{\r\n    \"status\": \"success\",\r\n    \"data\": [\r\n        {\r\n            \"__name__\": \"new-cases\",\r\n            \"region\": \"tokyo\"\r\n        },\r\n        {\r\n            \"__name__\": \"new-cases\",\r\n            \"region\": \"osaka\"\r\n        }\r\n    ]\r\n}\r\n'''<\/span>\r\n\r\n@<\/span>app<\/span>.<\/span>route<\/span>(<\/span>'\/api\/v1\/query_exemplars'<\/span>,<\/span> methods<\/span>=<\/span>[<\/span>\"POST\"<\/span>])<\/span>\r\ndef<\/span> query_exemplars<\/span>():<\/span>\r\n    return<\/span> '''\r\n{\r\n    \"status\": \"success\",\r\n    \"data\": [\r\n        {\r\n            \"seriesLabels\": {\r\n            },\r\n            \"exemplars\": [\r\n            ]\r\n        }\r\n    ]\r\n}\r\n'''<\/span>\r\n\r\n\r\n@<\/span>app<\/span>.<\/span>route<\/span>(<\/span>'\/api\/v1\/query_range'<\/span>,<\/span> methods<\/span>=<\/span>[<\/span>\"POST\"<\/span>])<\/span>\r\ndef<\/span> query_range<\/span>():<\/span>\r\n    import<\/span> json<\/span>\r\n\r\n    tokyo<\/span> =<\/span> fetch_tokyo<\/span>()<\/span>\r\n    osaka<\/span> =<\/span> fetch_osaka<\/span>()<\/span>\r\n    return<\/span> '''\r\n{\r\n    \"status\": \"success\",\r\n    \"data\": {\r\n        \"resultType\": \"matrix\",\r\n        \"result\": [\r\n            {\r\n                \"metric\": {\r\n                    \"__name__\": \"new-cases\",\r\n                    \"region\": \"tokyo\"\r\n                },\r\n                \"values\":\r\n'''<\/span> +<\/span> json<\/span>.<\/span>dumps<\/span>(<\/span>tokyo<\/span>)<\/span> +<\/span> '''\r\n            },\r\n            {\r\n                \"metric\": {\r\n                    \"__name__\": \"new-cases\",\r\n                    \"region\": \"osaka\"\r\n                },\r\n                \"values\":\r\n'''<\/span> +<\/span> json<\/span>.<\/span>dumps<\/span>(<\/span>osaka<\/span>)<\/span> +<\/span> '''\r\n            }\r\n        ]\r\n    }\r\n}\r\n'''<\/span>\r\n\r\ndef<\/span> fetch_tokyo<\/span>():<\/span>\r\n    import<\/span> os<\/span>\r\n    import<\/span> csv<\/span>\r\n    import<\/span> datetime<\/span>\r\n    import<\/span> urllib<\/span>\r\n\r\n    if<\/span>(<\/span>not<\/span> os<\/span>.<\/span>path<\/span>.<\/span>exists<\/span>(<\/span>\"tokyo.csv\"<\/span>)):<\/span>\r\n        urllib<\/span>.<\/span>request<\/span>.<\/span>urlretrieve<\/span>(<\/span>\"https:\/\/stopcovid19.metro.tokyo.lg.jp\/data\/130001_tokyo_covid19_patients.csv\"<\/span>,<\/span> \"tokyo.csv\"<\/span>)<\/span>\r\n\r\n    f<\/span> =<\/span> open<\/span>(<\/span>\"tokyo.csv\"<\/span>)<\/span>\r\n    r<\/span> =<\/span> csv<\/span>.<\/span>reader<\/span>(<\/span>f<\/span>)<\/span>\r\n    h<\/span> =<\/span> next<\/span>(<\/span>r<\/span>)<\/span>\r\n    d<\/span> =<\/span> {}<\/span>\r\n    for<\/span> l<\/span> in<\/span> r<\/span>:<\/span>\r\n        t<\/span> =<\/span> datetime<\/span>.<\/span>datetime<\/span>.<\/span>strptime<\/span>(<\/span>l<\/span>[<\/span>4<\/span>],<\/span> \"%Y-%m-%d\"<\/span>)<\/span>\r\n        if<\/span>(<\/span>t<\/span> not<\/span> in<\/span> d<\/span>):<\/span>\r\n            d<\/span>[<\/span>t<\/span>]<\/span> =<\/span> 0<\/span>\r\n        d<\/span>[<\/span>t<\/span>]<\/span> =<\/span> d<\/span>[<\/span>t<\/span>]<\/span> +<\/span> 1<\/span>\r\n    a<\/span> =<\/span> []<\/span>\r\n    for<\/span> k<\/span> in<\/span> d<\/span>:<\/span>\r\n        a<\/span>.<\/span>append<\/span>([<\/span>k<\/span>.<\/span>timestamp<\/span>(),<\/span> d<\/span>[<\/span>k<\/span>]])<\/span>\r\n    return<\/span> a<\/span>\r\n\r\ndef<\/span> fetch_osaka<\/span>():<\/span>\r\n    import<\/span> os<\/span>\r\n    import<\/span> csv<\/span>\r\n    import<\/span> datetime<\/span>\r\n    import<\/span> urllib<\/span>\r\n    import<\/span> subprocess<\/span>\r\n\r\n    if<\/span>(<\/span>not<\/span> os<\/span>.<\/span>path<\/span>.<\/span>exists<\/span>(<\/span>\"osaka-u.csv\"<\/span>)):<\/span>\r\n        urllib<\/span>.<\/span>request<\/span>.<\/span>urlretrieve<\/span>(<\/span>\"https:\/\/covid19-osaka.info\/data\/summary.csv\"<\/span>,<\/span> \"osaka.csv\"<\/span>)<\/span>\r\n        subprocess<\/span>.<\/span>run<\/span>(<\/span>\"iconv -f sjis -t utf8 osaka.csv -o osaka-u.csv\"<\/span>,<\/span> shell<\/span>=<\/span>True<\/span>)<\/span>\r\n\r\n    f<\/span> =<\/span> open<\/span>(<\/span>\"osaka-u.csv\"<\/span>)<\/span>\r\n    r<\/span> =<\/span> csv<\/span>.<\/span>reader<\/span>(<\/span>f<\/span>)<\/span>\r\n    h<\/span> =<\/span> next<\/span>(<\/span>r<\/span>)<\/span>\r\n    a<\/span> =<\/span> []<\/span>\r\n    for<\/span> l<\/span> in<\/span> r<\/span>:<\/span>\r\n        t<\/span> =<\/span> datetime<\/span>.<\/span>datetime<\/span>.<\/span>strptime<\/span>(<\/span>l<\/span>[<\/span>0<\/span>],<\/span> \"%Y-%m-%d\"<\/span>)<\/span>\r\n        a<\/span>.<\/span>append<\/span>([<\/span>t<\/span>.<\/span>timestamp<\/span>(),<\/span> l<\/span>[<\/span>2<\/span>]])<\/span>\r\n    return<\/span> a<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u542f\u52a8\u73a9\u7b11\u6a21\u5f0f<\/h2>\n
\u57289090\u7aef\u53e3\u4e0a\uff0c\u5148\u524d\u521b\u5efa\u7684\u5047Prometheus\u8fdb\u884c\u542f\u52a8\u3002
\n\u672c\u5730\u7684Grafana\u53ea\u662f\u7528\u4e8e\u8bfb\u53d6\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u65e0\u9700\u5f00\u653e\u9632\u706b\u5899\u7aef\u53e3\u3002<\/p>\n
# FLASK_APP=pseudo.py flask run --port=9090\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
6. \u8bbe\u7f6eGrafana\u7684\u6570\u636e\u6e90<\/h2>\n
\u9009\u62e9\u4f7f\u7528Prometheus\u4f5c\u4e3a\u6570\u636e\u6e90\u7684\u7c7b\u578b\uff0c\u5e76\u6307\u5b9a\u4ece\u201chttp:\/\/localhost:9090\u201d\u8bfb\u53d6\u3002<\/p>\n
\"image.png\"<\/div>\n
\"image.png\"<\/div>\n
\"image.png\"<\/div>\n
\u5236\u4f5c\u4eea\u8868\u677f<\/h2>\n
\u5e94\u8be5\u80fd\u591f\u770b\u5230\u4f5c\u4e3a\u6307\u6807\u7684\u201c\u65b0\u589e\u75c5\u4f8b\u201d\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u5c06\u5176\u5448\u73b0\u5728\u56fe\u8868\u4e0a\u3002<\/p>\n
\"image.png\"<\/div>\n
\"image.png\"<\/div>\n
\"image.png\"<\/div>\n
\"image.png\"<\/div>\n
\"image.png\"<\/div>\n
\"image.png\"<\/div>\n
\"image.png\"<\/div>\n
\"image.png\"<\/div>\n
\u6700\u540e<\/h1>\n
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