{"id":43544,"date":"2023-08-24T12:54:53","date_gmt":"2024-01-01T19:14:46","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.silicloud.com\/zh\/blog\/%e6%8e%a8%e8%8d%90%e4%bd%bf%e7%94%a8prometheus-%e5%9c%a8grafana%e4%b8%ad%e9%9c%80%e8%a6%81%e7%9b%91%e6%8e%a7%e7%9a%84%e7%94%a8%e6%88%b7%e5%88%97%e8%a1%a8%e3%80%82\/"},"modified":"2024-04-30T19:54:18","modified_gmt":"2024-04-30T11:54:18","slug":"%e6%8e%a8%e8%8d%90%e4%bd%bf%e7%94%a8prometheus-%e5%9c%a8grafana%e4%b8%ad%e9%9c%80%e8%a6%81%e7%9b%91%e6%8e%a7%e7%9a%84%e7%94%a8%e6%88%b7%e5%88%97%e8%a1%a8%e3%80%82","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.silicloud.com\/zh\/blog\/%e6%8e%a8%e8%8d%90%e4%bd%bf%e7%94%a8prometheus-%e5%9c%a8grafana%e4%b8%ad%e9%9c%80%e8%a6%81%e7%9b%91%e6%8e%a7%e7%9a%84%e7%94%a8%e6%88%b7%e5%88%97%e8%a1%a8%e3%80%82\/","title":{"rendered":"\u63a8\u8350\u4f7f\u7528Prometheus – \u5728Grafana\u4e2d\u9700\u8981\u76d1\u63a7\u7684\u7528\u6237\u5217\u8868"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u8fdb\u884c\u8c03\u67e5<\/h1>\n

\u6211\u89c9\u5f97\u53ef\u4ee5\u641c\u7d22\u4e00\u4e0b\uff0c\u8c8c\u4f3c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528node_exporter\u7684textfile.directory\u6536\u96c6\u5668\u521b\u5efa\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u7684\u6307\u6807\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5982\u679c\u8981\u91c7\u96c6\u5355\u72ec\u7684\u5ea6\u91cf\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u6587\u672c\u6587\u4ef6\u6536\u96c6\u5668\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4f3c\u4e4e\u662f\u8bf4\uff0c\u53ea\u8981\u6309\u7167\u4ee5\u4e0b\u5f62\u5f0f\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u6587\u672c\u6587\u4ef6\uff08\u6269\u5c55\u540dprom\uff09\uff0c\u5b83\u4f1a\u81ea\u52a8\u8bfb\u53d6\u3002<\/p>\n

node_scrape_collector_duration_seconds{collector=\"cpu\"} 0.000278377\r\nnode_scrape_collector_duration_seconds{collector=\"diskstats\"} 0.000326093\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u6574\u7406\u9700\u8981\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u3002<\/h2>\n
\u53ea\u9700\u8981\u4e00\u4e2a\u9009\u9879\uff1a\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u6211\u60f3\u8981\u7528\u6237\u540d\u548c\u6700\u540e\u767b\u5f55\u4fe1\u606f\u3002<\/p>\n
\u5982\u679c\u6574\u7406lastlog\u4e2d\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u4f3c\u4e4e\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u89e3\u51b3\u8fd9\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\u3002
\n\u57fa\u4e8e\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7406\u7531\uff0c\u6700\u7ec8\u5c06\u5c1d\u8bd5\u4ee5\u4ee5\u4e0b\u683c\u5f0f\u8fdb\u884c\u6574\u7406\u3002<\/p>\n
node_user_info{username=\"\",latest=\"\",fromip=\"\",tty=\"\"} 1\r\n\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u64b0\u5199\u811a\u672c<\/h2>\n
\u6839\u636e\u4e0a\u9762\u7684\u53c2\u8003\u6587\u7ae0\u8868\u793a\uff0c\u5b83\u4f7f\u7528\u4e86Ruby\u4e4b\u7c7b\u7684\u6280\u672f\uff0c\u4f46\u4ee5\u6211\u7684\u6280\u80fd\u6c34\u5e73\u6765\u770b\uff0c\u6211\u53ea\u80fd\u7528\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u811a\u672c\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\u2026<\/p>\n
\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u7248\u672c\uff1aUbuntu 16.04<\/p>\n
#!\/bin\/bash<\/span>\r\nOUTPUT<\/span>=<\/span>\/usr\/local\/node_exporter\/textfile\/userlist.prom\r\n\r\n# Ubuntu 16.04\u3060\u3068\u4f5c\u3089\u308c\u305f\u30e6\u30fc\u30b6\u306fUID 1000\u304b\u3089\u63a1\u756a\u3055\u308c\u308b\u306e\u3067\u3068\u308a\u3042\u3048\u305a1000-2999\u307e\u3067\u306eID\u3092\u6301\u3064\u3082\u306e\u3067grep<\/span>\r\nUSERLIST<\/span>=<\/span>`<\/span>cat<\/span> \/etc\/passwd | grep<\/span> -e<\/span> '[1-2][0-9][0-9][0-9]'<\/span> | awk<\/span> -F<\/span>: '{print $1}'<\/span>`<\/span>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n# OUTPUT \u521d\u671f\u5316<\/span>\r\n: ><\/span> $OUTPUT<\/span>\r\n# \u51e6\u7406<\/span>\r\nfor <\/span>i in<\/span> $USERLIST<\/span>;<\/span>do\r\n    <\/span>NAME<\/span>=<\/span>$i<\/span>\r\n    PTTY<\/span>=<\/span>`<\/span>lastlog -u<\/span> $i<\/span> | grep<\/span> $i<\/span> | awk<\/span> '{print $2}'<\/span>`<\/span>\r\n    FROMIP<\/span>=<\/span>`<\/span>lastlog -u<\/span> $i<\/span> | grep<\/span> $i<\/span> | awk<\/span> '{print $3}'<\/span>`<\/span>\r\n    LATEST<\/span>=<\/span>`<\/span>lastlog -u<\/span> $i<\/span> | grep<\/span> $i<\/span> | awk<\/span> '{print $9\" \"$5\" \"$6\" \"$7\" \"}'<\/span>`<\/span>\r\ncat<\/span> <<<\/span> EOF<\/span> >> <\/span>$OUTPUT<\/span>\r\nnode_user_info{username=\"<\/span>${<\/span>NAME<\/span>}<\/span>\",latest=\"<\/span>${<\/span>LATEST<\/span>}<\/span>\",fromip=\"<\/span>${<\/span>FROMIP<\/span>}<\/span>\",tty=\"<\/span>${<\/span>PTTY<\/span>}<\/span>\"} 1\r\n<\/span>EOF\r\n<\/span>done<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u53ea\u8981\u5c06\u6b64\u811a\u672c\u5b89\u6392\u5728cron\u4e2d\u8fd0\u884c\uff0c\u5e94\u8be5\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e86\u5427\u3002<\/p>\n
\u585e\u5c01\u7684\u4e1c\u897f<\/h2>\n
\u4e0d\u8981\u5fd8\u8bb0\u6fc0\u6d3b\u6536\u85cf\u5bb6\u3002<\/p>\n
#<\/span> BEGIN ANSIBLE MANAGED BLOCK\r\n[Unit]<\/span>\r\nDescription=node_exporter for Prometheus\r\n\r\n[Service]\r\nRestart=always\r\nUser=prometheus\r\nExecStart=\/usr\/bin\/node_exporter \\\r\n<\/span>    --web.listen-address=0.0.0.0:9100 \\\r\n    --collector.diskstats.ignored-devices=\"^(dm-|ram|loop|fd|(h|s|v|xv)d[a-z]|nvme\\\\d+n\\\\d+p)\\\\d+$\" \\\r\n    --collector.filesystem.ignored-mount-points=\"^\/(dev|proc|sys|run|var\/lib\/(docker|lxcfs|nobody_tmp_secure))($|\/)\" \\\r\n    --collector.filesystem.ignored-fs-types=\"^(autofs|binfmt_misc|cgroup|configfs|debugfs|devpts|devtmpfs|fuse.*|hugetlbfs|mqueue|overlay|proc|procfs|pstore|rpc_pipefs|securityfs|sysfs|tracefs)$\" \\\r\n    --collector.netdev.ignored-devices=\"^(lo|docker[0-9]|veth.+)$\" \\\r\n    --no-collector.conntrack \\\r\n    --collector.cpu \\\r\n    --collector.diskstats \\\r\n    --no-collector.filefd \\\r\n    --collector.filesystem \\\r\n    --collector.loadavg \\\r\n    --collector.meminfo \\\r\n    --collector.netdev \\\r\n    --collector.netstat \\\r\n    --no-collector.ntp \\\r\n    --no-collector.sockstat \\\r\n    --collector.stat \\\r\n-   --no-colletctor.textfile \\\r\n<\/span>+    --collector.textfile \\\r\n<\/span>    --no-collector.time \\\r\n    --collector.uname \\\r\n    --collector.vmstat \\\r\n    --no-collector.arp \\\r\n    --no-collector.bcache \\\r\n    --no-collector.bonding \\\r\n    --no-collector.buddyinfo \\\r\n    --no-collector.drbd \\\r\n    --no-collector.edac \\\r\n    --no-collector.entropy \\\r\n    --no-collector.hwmon \\\r\n    --no-collector.infiniband \\\r\n    --no-collector.interrupts \\\r\n    --no-collector.ipvs \\\r\n    --no-collector.ksmd \\\r\n    --no-collector.logind \\\r\n    --no-collector.mdadm \\\r\n    --no-collector.meminfo_numa \\\r\n    --no-collector.mountstats \\\r\n    --no-collector.nfs \\\r\n    --no-collector.nfsd \\\r\n    --no-collector.qdisc \\\r\n    --no-collector.runit \\\r\n    --no-collector.supervisord \\\r\n    --no-collector.systemd \\\r\n    --no-collector.tcpstat \\\r\n    --no-collector.timex \\\r\n    --no-collector.wifi \\\r\n    --no-collector.xfs \\\r\n    --no-collector.zfs \\\r\n+    --collector.textfile.directory=\/usr\/local\/node_exporter\/textfile\/\r\n<\/span>\r\nExecReload=\/bin\/kill -HUP $MAINPID\r\nTimeoutStopSec=20s\r\nSendSIGKILL=no\r\n<\/span>\r\n[Install]\r\nWantedBy=multi-user.target\r\n<\/span>#<\/span> END ANSIBLE MANAGED BLOCK\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
*\/15 * * * * \/usr\/local\/node_exporter\/userlist.sh \u4ee5 cron \u5b9e\u73b0<\/p>\n
\u7ed3\u679c<\/h2>\n
\u6682\u65f6\u5148\u901a\u8fc7curl\u547d\u4ee4\u4ece\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u83b7\u53d6\u6307\u6807\u6765\u786e\u8ba4\u4e00\u4e0b\u3002<\/p>\n
root# curl http:\/\/localhost:9100\/metrics | grep <\/span>user\r\n  % Total    % Received % Xferd  Average Speed   Time    Time     Time  Current\r\n                                 Dload  Upload   Total   Spent    Left  Speed\r\n100 29320  100 29320    0     0  2003k      0 --<\/span>:--:-- --<\/span>:--:-- --<\/span>:--:-- 2045k\r\nnode_cpu_guest_seconds_total{<\/span>cpu<\/span>=<\/span>\"0\"<\/span>,mode=<\/span>\"user\"<\/span>}<\/span> 0\r\nnode_cpu_seconds_total{<\/span>cpu<\/span>=<\/span>\"0\"<\/span>,mode=<\/span>\"user\"<\/span>}<\/span> 319.13\r\n# HELP node_filesystem_avail_bytes Filesystem space available to non-root users in bytes.<\/span>\r\nnode_textfile_mtime_seconds{<\/span>file<\/span>=<\/span>\"userlist.prom\"<\/span>}<\/span> 1.530865161e+09\r\n# HELP node_user_info Metric read from \/usr\/local\/node_exporter\/textfile\/userlist.prom<\/span>\r\n# TYPE node_user_info untyped<\/span>\r\nnode_user_info{<\/span>fromip<\/span>=<\/span>\"XX.XXX.XXX.210\"<\/span>,latest=<\/span>\"2018 Jul 6 15:11:02 \"<\/span>,tty=<\/span>\"pts\/2\"<\/span>,username=<\/span>\"XXX\"<\/span>}<\/span> 1\r\nnode_user_info{<\/span>fromip<\/span>=<\/span>\"XX.XXX.XXX.210\"<\/span>,latest=<\/span>\"2018 Jul 6 15:57:09 \"<\/span>,tty=<\/span>\"pts\/1\"<\/span>,username=<\/span>\"ubuntu\"<\/span>}<\/span> 1\r\nnode_user_info{<\/span>fromip<\/span>=<\/span>\"XX.XXX.XXX.210\"<\/span>,latest=<\/span>\"2018 Jul 6 16:37:33 \"<\/span>,tty=<\/span>\"pts\/3\"<\/span>,username=<\/span>\"XXXXX\"<\/span>}<\/span> 1\r\n\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u597d\u5389\u5bb3\u554a\uff0c\u5b9d\u8d1d\u3002\u4e56\u4e56\u3002<\/p>\n
\u5728Grafana\u4e2d\u8fdb\u884c\u5217\u8868\u5316<\/h2>\n
\u53d8\u91cf\u8bbe\u7f6e<\/p>\n
Name: \u4efb\u610f\r\nLable: instance\r\nHide: Variable\r\nQuery: node_user_info\r\nRegex: .*instance=\"(.*?)\".*\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\"variables.PNG\"<\/div>\n
\"table.PNG\"<\/div>\n
\u63a5\u4e0b\u6765\uff0c\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u6839\u636e\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u559c\u597d\u9009\u62e9\u9690\u85cf\u6216\u663e\u793a\u5217\uff0c\u968f\u4f60\u4fbf\u3002<\/p>\n
\u8bf7\u63d0\u4f9b\u53c2\u8003\u7684\u7f51\u5740\u94fe\u63a5\u3002<\/h2>\n
\u5982\u679c\u8981\u91c7\u96c6\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u6307\u6807\uff0c\u8bf7\u4f7f\u7528 Textfile Collector\u3002<\/p>\n
\u8bf7\u4e2d\u6587\u8fdb\u884c\u91cd\u8ff0\uff1a<\/p>\n
\u8bf7\u7ed9\u51fa\u4ee5\u4e0b\u5185\u5bb9\u7684\u4e2d\u6587\u672c\u5730\u5316\u7248\u672c\uff0c\u53ea\u9700\u8981\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e00\u79cd\u9009\u62e9\uff1a<\/p>\n
– The cat is sitting on the mat.<\/p>\n
\u666e\u7f57\u7c73\u4fee\u65af\u7684\u5386\u53f2\u8bb0\u5f55
\n\u666e\u7f57\u7c73\u4fee\u65af\u63a8\u8350-\u521d\u6b21\u5c1d\u8bd5-
\n\u666e\u7f57\u7c73\u4fee\u65af\u63a8\u8350-\u670d\u52a1\u53d1\u73b0-
\n\u666e\u7f57\u7c73\u4fee\u65af\u63a8\u8350-\u5bfc\u5165\u5bfc\u51fa\u5668 node-exporter(\u901a\u8fc7 apt-get)-
\n\u666e\u7f57\u7c73\u4fee\u65af\u63a8\u8350-\u5bfc\u5165\u5bfc\u51fa\u5668 node-exporter(\u901a\u8fc7\u4e8c\u8fdb\u5236\u6587\u4ef6)-
\n\u666e\u7f57\u7c73\u4fee\u65af\u63a8\u8350-\u670d\u52a1\u53d1\u73b0-\u5c3d\u5934\u70b9\u53d8\u6210\u4e86”http:\/\/:9100\/metrics”\uff0c\u53d8\u6210\u4e86\u81ea\u8eab\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
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