{"id":43519,"date":"2023-08-04T06:42:26","date_gmt":"2023-11-01T21:31:32","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.silicloud.com\/zh\/blog\/%e5%a4%84%e7%90%86-amtool-%e4%bb%a5%e4%be%bf%e4%bb%8e-prometheus-%e4%b8%ad%e5%88%86%e7%a6%bb%e5%b9%b6%e7%ae%a1%e7%90%86-alertmanager%e3%80%82\/"},"modified":"2024-04-30T16:53:52","modified_gmt":"2024-04-30T08:53:52","slug":"%e5%a4%84%e7%90%86-amtool-%e4%bb%a5%e4%be%bf%e4%bb%8e-prometheus-%e4%b8%ad%e5%88%86%e7%a6%bb%e5%b9%b6%e7%ae%a1%e7%90%86-alertmanager%e3%80%82","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.silicloud.com\/zh\/blog\/%e5%a4%84%e7%90%86-amtool-%e4%bb%a5%e4%be%bf%e4%bb%8e-prometheus-%e4%b8%ad%e5%88%86%e7%a6%bb%e5%b9%b6%e7%ae%a1%e7%90%86-alertmanager%e3%80%82\/","title":{"rendered":"\u5904\u7406 amtool \u4ee5\u4fbf\u4ece Prometheus \u4e2d\u5206\u79bb\u5e76\u7ba1\u7406 Alertmanager"},"content":{"rendered":"

amtool \u771f\u7684\u592a\u68d2\u4e86\u5427\uff1f<\/h1>\n

\u563f\uff01\u666e\u7f57\u7c73\u4fee\u65af\u5723\u8bde\u65e5\u53862018\u7684\u7b2c23\u5929\uff0c\u6211\u662fsugitak\uff01<\/p>\n

\u867d\u7136Prometheus\u6709\u5f88\u591a\u4f18\u70b9\uff0c\u4f46\u5176\u4e2d\u5f88\u5927\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u4e5f\u662fAlertmanager\u7684\u4f18\u79c0\u4e4b\u5904\u3002Alertmanager\u6b63\u5982\u5176\u540d\uff0c\u80fd\u591f\u5b9e\u73b0\u5bf9\u8b66\u62a5\u7684\u6291\u5236\u3001\u5185\u5bb9\u6574\u5408\u3001\u9759\u9ed8\u548c\u8def\u7531\u7b49\u7ec6\u81f4\u7684\u63a7\u5236\uff0c\u6ee1\u8db3\u5f00\u53d1\u548c\u8fd0\u7ef4\u4e2d\u6240\u9700\u7684\u8b66\u62a5\u63a7\u5236\u3002<\/p>\n

\u8fd9\u4e2aAlertmanager\u597d\u50cf\u5e76\u6ca1\u6709\u8ba8\u8bba\u4f7f\u7528\u65b9\u6cd5\u7684\u70ed\u60c5…\u771f\u662f\u6d6a\u8d39\u3002
\n\u6709\u4e86\u9644\u5e26\u7684amtool\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u968f\u5fc3\u6240\u6b32\u5730\u8c03\u6574Alertmanager\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\uff0c\u4e0d\u4ec5\u53ef\u4ee5\u8fdb\u884c\u6d4b\u8bd5\u548c\u8c03\u8bd5\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u53ef\u4ee5\u5355\u72ec\u4f7f\u7528Alertmanager\u800c\u65e0\u9700\u4f9d\u8d56Prometheus\u3002<\/p>\n

\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u5728\u672c\u7bc7\u6587\u7ae0\u4e2d\uff0c\u5c06\u4ecb\u7ecd\u7528\u4e8e\u5145\u5206\u5229\u7528Alertmanager\u529f\u80fd\u7684\u5de5\u5177amtool\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u79f0\u5176\u4e3a\u6211\u7684\u53cd\u5f39\u7c27\u3002<\/p>\n

\u51c6\u5907<\/h1>\n

\u51c6\u5907Alertmanager\u548camtool\u5de5\u5177\u3002
\nAlertmanager\u53ef\u4ee5\u65b9\u4fbf\u5730\u901a\u8fc7apt\u6216docker\u8fdb\u884c\u4f7f\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5b89\u88c5Alertmanager<\/h3>\n
$ sudo apt install prometheus-alertmanager\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u7531\u4e8e apt \u7684\u4f9d\u8d56\u4e2d\u6ca1\u6709 prometheus\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u53ef\u4ee5\u5355\u72ec\u5b89\u88c5 Alertmanager\u3002\u8fd9\u6837\u505a\u611f\u89c9\u5f88\u201c\u660e\u767d\u201d\uff0c\u6211\u559c\u6b22\u8fd9\u6837\u3002
\n\u5982\u679c\u5728 Docker \u4e2d\u6709 prom\/alertmanager \u955c\u50cf\uff0c\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u8fd0\u884c\u8d77\u6765\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u719f\u6089\u4f7f\u7528\u5b83\u7684\u8bdd\uff0c\u90a3\u53ef\u80fd\u66f4\u52a0\u7a33\u5b9a\u3002<\/p>\n
\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u53ea\u5b89\u88c5Alertmanager\u5e76\u4e0d\u80fd\u5b89\u88c5Amtool\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528go get\u8fdb\u884c\u5b89\u88c5\u3002<\/p>\n
$ go get github.com\/prometheus\/alertmanager\/cmd\/amtool\r\n$ amtool\r\nusage: amtool [<flags>] <command> [<args> ...]\r\n\r\nView and modify the current Alertmanager state.\r\n\r\nConfig File: The alertmanager tool will read a config file in YAML format from one of two default config locations:\r\n$HOME\/.config\/amtool\/config.yml or \/etc\/amtool\/config.yml\r\n\r\nAll flags can be given in the config file, but the following are the suited for static configuration:\r\n\r\n  alertmanager.url\r\n    Set a default alertmanager url for each request\r\n...\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
amtool \u7684\u4f7f\u7528\u65b9\u6cd5<\/h1>\n
amtool \u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u7528 Go \u8bed\u8a00\u7f16\u5199\u7684\u7b80\u5355 CLI \u8f6f\u4ef6\u3002
\n\u9700\u8981\u5c06\u8981\u8bbf\u95ee\u7684 Alertmanager \u5730\u5740\u4f5c\u4e3a\u9009\u9879\u4f20\u9012\u3002<\/p>\n
$ amtool --alertmanager.url http:\/\/localhost:9093 alert\r\nAlertname  Starts At  Summary\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u56e0\u4e3a\u4e0d\u80fd\u6bcf\u6b21\u90fd\u5199 -alertmanager.url http:\/\/localhost:9093\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u6211\u4eec\u5e94\u8be5\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\u3002\u914d\u7f6e\u53ef\u4ee5\u653e\u7f6e\u5728 \/etc\/amtool\/config.yml \u6216\u8005 $HOME\/.config\/amtool\/config.yml \u4e2d\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u4f1a\u751f\u6548\u3002<\/p>\n
$ cat \/etc\/amtool\/config.yml\r\nalertmanager.url: \"http:\/\/localhost:9093\"\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u521b\u5efa\u8b66\u62a5<\/h2>\n
\u5728\u6b64\u683c\u5f0f\u4e2d\uff0c\u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u6dfb\u52a0\u8b66\u62a5\u3002\u8fd9\u6837\u4e0d\u4ec5\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u4e8ePrometheus\u7684\u8c03\u8bd5\u76ee\u7684\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u4ece\u5176\u4ed6\u5de5\u5177\u53d1\u51fa\u8b66\u62a5\uff0c\u975e\u5e38\u65b9\u4fbf\u3002<\/p>\n
$ amtool add <Alertname> [<label>=<value>]\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u6bd4\u5982\u6dfb\u52a0\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u8b66\u62a5…<\/p>\n
$ amtool alert add TooMuchOpenFiles Stage=staging Role=web\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u5f53\u6211\u67e5\u770b\u8b66\u62a5\u5217\u8868\u65f6\uff0c\u786e\u5b9e\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u5230\u5df2\u7ecf\u6dfb\u52a0\u4e86\u8b66\u62a5\u3002\u54c7\u54e6\uff0c\u6211\u771f\u559c\u6b22\u8b66\u62a5\uff01\u6211\u559c\u6b22\u4eae\u4eae\u7684\u8b66\u62a5\u3002<\/p>\n
$ amtool alert\r\nAlertname         Starts At                Summary\r\nTooMuchOpenFiles  2018-12-23 15:28:12 UTC\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u56e0\u4e3a\u53ea\u7528alert\u7684\u8bdd\uff0c\u6807\u7b7e\u5c31\u4e0d\u4f1a\u663e\u793a\u51fa\u6765\uff0c\u6709\u70b9\u4e0d\u65b9\u4fbf\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528-o extended\u9009\u9879\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u66f4\u8be6\u7ec6\u5730\u67e5\u770b\u5305\u62ec\u6807\u7b7e\u5728\u5185\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u3002\u592a\u597d\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n
$ amtool alert -o extended\r\nLabels                                                   Annotations  Starts At                Ends At                  Generator URL\r\nRole=\"web\" Stage=\"staging\" alertname=\"TooMuchOpenFiles\"               2018-12-23 15:28:12 UTC  0001-01-01 00:00:00 UTC\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u5982\u679c\u60f3\u5c06\u6b64\u8bbe\u4e3a\u9ed8\u8ba4\u663e\u793a\uff0c\u8bf7\u5728\u8bbe\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u6dfb\u52a0\u4e00\u884c output: “extended” \u6765\u8fdb\u884c\u8bbe\u7f6e\u3002\u76ee\u524d\u8fd8\u6ca1\u6709 verbose \u9009\u9879\u3002<\/p>\n
$ cat \/etc\/amtool\/config.yml\r\nalertmanager.url: \"http:\/\/localhost:9093\"\r\noutput: \"extended\"\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u5220\u9664\u8b66\u62a5<\/h2>\n
\u5df2\u7ecf\u521b\u5efa\u7684\u8b66\u62a5\u65e0\u6cd5\u76f4\u63a5\u5220\u9664\u3002\u4f60\u53ea\u80fd\u9009\u62e9\u5c06\u5176\u6807\u8bb0\u4e3a\u201c\u5df2\u7ed3\u675f\u201d\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u5c06\u5176\u9759\u97f3\uff0c\u4ee5\u786e\u4fdd\u4e0d\u4f1a\u518d\u6b21\u89e6\u53d1\u8b66\u62a5\u3002\u5173\u4e8e\u5982\u4f55\u8bbe\u7f6e\u9759\u97f3\uff0c\u8bf7\u67e5\u770b\u4ee5\u4e0b\u90e8\u5206\uff0c\u73b0\u5728\u6211\u4eec\u6765\u770b\u770b\u5982\u4f55\u201c\u5220\u9664\u201d\u8b66\u62a5\u3002<\/p>\n
$ amtool alert add TooMuchOpenFiles Stage=staging Role=web --end='2018-12-23T16:02:00Z'\r\n$ amtool alert\r\nLabels                                                   Annotations  Starts At                Ends At                  Generator URL\r\nRole=\"web\" Stage=\"staging\" alertname=\"TooMuchOpenFiles\"               2018-12-23 16:01:00 UTC  2018-12-23 16:02:00 UTC\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u5c06\u4e4b\u524d\u6dfb\u52a0\u7684 TooMuchOpenFiles \u8b66\u62a5\u8fdb\u884c\u8986\u76d6\u3002\u5728\u6b64\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u5c06\u8b66\u62a5\u7684\u7ed3\u675f\u65f6\u95f4\u4ee5 RFC 3339 \u683c\u5f0f\u901a\u8fc7 –end \u9009\u9879\u4f20\u9012\u3002<\/p>\n
\u5728\u8fd9\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c–end\u9009\u9879\u9700\u8981\u8f93\u5165\u4e00\u4e2a\u6bd4\u73b0\u5728\u65f6\u95f4\u66f4\u665a\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u3002\u7531\u4e8e\u4e0a\u8ff0\u5199\u6cd5\u7701\u7565\u4e86–start\u9009\u9879\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u9ed8\u8ba4\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u4f1a\u5c06\u5f53\u524d\u65f6\u95f4\u4f5c\u4e3a\u5f00\u59cb\u65f6\u95f4\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u8981\u6c42\u7ed3\u675f\u65f6\u95f4\u5fc5\u987b\u5728\u5f00\u59cb\u65f6\u95f4\u4e4b\u540e\u3002\u5982\u679c\u51fa\u73b0amtool: error: start time must be before end time (code: 400)\u9519\u8bef\uff0c\u5f88\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u8fd9\u4e2a\u539f\u56e0\u3002\uff08\u6211\u9047\u5230\u4e86\u8fd9\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\uff09
\n\u53e6\u5916\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06–start\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e3a\u8fc7\u53bb\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u5c06–end\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e3a\u8fc7\u53bb\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u3002<\/p>\n
\u8b66\u62a5\u7684\u9759\u97f3\uff1a\u8b66\u62a5\u9759\u97f3<\/h2>\n
\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u60f3\u6682\u65f6\u8ba9\u5435\u95f9\u7684\u8b66\u62a5\u505c\u4e0b\u6765\uff0camtool silence\u547d\u4ee4\u5c31\u6d3e\u4e0a\u7528\u573a\u4e86\u3002
\n\u55ef\uff0c\u672c\u6765\u5e94\u8be5\u4e0d\u8981\u5236\u9020\u9700\u8981\u88ab\u505c\u4e0b\u6765\u7684\u8b66\u62a5\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u4e2a\u5173\u4e8e\u90a3\u4e2a\u7684\u8ba8\u8bba\uff0c\u4f46\u73b0\u5b9e\u60c5\u51b5\u5e76\u975e\u5982\u6b64\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u573a\u666f\u8fd8\u662f\u4f1a\u51fa\u73b0\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n
\u54ce\u5440\uff0c\u4ed6\u6ca1\u51fa\u6765\u5417\uff1f\u90a3\u771f\u662f\u592a\u597d\u4e86\u3002\u8bf7\u56de\u6765\u8fd9\u91cc\u5427\u3002<\/p>\n
$ amtool silence add alertname=TooMuchOpenFiles -c 'sugitak: \u3046\u308b\u3055\u30fc\u3044\uff01'\r\nbef9a58f-7cfc-49d9-b01c-2aea98080eb9\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u5bf9\u4e8e\u8981\u7406\u89e3\u7684\u4eba\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u4f7f\u7528 amtool silence add \u547d\u4ee4\u6765\u6dfb\u52a0\u9759\u97f3\u3002\u53e6\u5916\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528 -c \u9009\u9879\u6765\u6dfb\u52a0\u8be5\u9759\u97f3\u7684\u6ce8\u91ca\u3002\u5728\u6211\u7684\u7248\u672c\uff08alertmanager 0.16.0-alpha.0\uff09\u4e2d\uff0c\u6ce8\u91ca\u662f\u5fc5\u9700\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n
$ amtool silence\r\nID                                    Matchers                    Starts At                Ends At                  Updated At               Created By  Comment\r\nbef9a58f-7cfc-49d9-b01c-2aea98080eb9  alertname=TooMuchOpenFiles  2018-12-23 15:33:27 UTC  2018-12-23 16:33:27 UTC  2018-12-23 15:33:27 UTC  sugitak     sugitak: \u3046\u308b\u3055\u30fc\u3044\uff01\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u4fdd\u6301\u9759\u9ed8\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7 amtool silence expire \u6765\u5220\u9664\u3002<\/p>\n
$ amtool silence expire bef9a58f-7cfc-49d9-b01c-2aea98080eb9\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u5982\u679c\u8981\u5168\u90e8\u5220\u9664\uff0c\u4e00\u4e2a\u7b80\u5355\u7684Shell\u547d\u4ee4\u5c31\u8db3\u591f\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n
$ amtool silence | awk '\/^[^I]\/ {print $1;}' | xargs amtool silence expire\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u611f\u89c9\u3002\u771f\u65b9\u4fbf\uff01<\/p>\n
\u603b\u7ed3<\/h1>\n
\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u6211\u5df2\u7ecf\u5411\u60a8\u4ecb\u7ecd\u4e86\u4f7f\u7528Alertmanager\u975e\u5e38\u65b9\u4fbf\u7684amtool\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002\u55ef\uff0c\u867d\u7136\u6240\u6709\u5185\u5bb9\u90fd\u5199\u5728github.com\/prometheus\/alertmanager\u4e0a\uff0c\u4f46\u8981\u627e\u5230\u5b83\u4eec\u8fd8\u662f\u5f88\u9ebb\u70e6\u7684\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u6211\u51b3\u5b9a\u4ee5\u8fd9\u7bc7\u6587\u7ae0\u7684\u5f62\u5f0f\u6765\u8fdb\u884c\u5b66\u4e60\u3002<\/p>\n
\u7531\u4e8e\u4eca\u5e74\u7684 Qiita \u7684 Prometheus Advent Calendar \u8ba9\u4eba\u611f\u5230\u975e\u5e38\u51b7\u6e05\uff0c\u8ba9\u6211\u611f\u5230\u60ca\u8bb6\u3002\u4f46\u8fd9\u5e76\u4e0d\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u6ca1\u6709\u4f7f\u7528 Prometheus\uff0c\u76f8\u53cd\uff0c\u5b83\u5df2\u7ecf\u6210\u4e3a\u5e38\u89c4\u4f7f\u7528\u800c\u65e0\u9700\u592a\u591a\u82b1\u8d39\u5c31\u80fd\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u53ef\u80fd\u6ca1\u6709\u592a\u591a\u7684\u5199\u4f5c\u5185\u5bb9\u3002<\/p>\n
Kubernetes \u548c Gitlab \u5df2\u7ecf\u652f\u6301 Prometheus\uff0c\u5e76\u5728\u5404\u79cd\u573a\u666f\u4e2d\u5f97\u5230\u5e94\u7528\uff0c\u4f46\u4eca\u5e74\u751a\u81f3\u8fde Nomad \u4e5f\u53d1\u5e03\u4e86\u4ee5 Prometheus \u683c\u5f0f\u8f93\u51fa\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u51fa\u52bf\u5934\u4e0d\u51cf\u3002\u6211\u611f\u53d7\u5230\u53ef\u89c2\u6d4b\u6027\u6b63\u9010\u6e10\u6210\u4e3a\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u7684\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u3002<\/p>\n
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